Answer:
The art movement that experimented with patterns to affect visual perception and was popular in the United States and Europe in the 1960s was Op Art, short for Optical Art.
Op Art emerged in the mid-1960s as a reaction against the abstract expressionism of the previous decade. Op Art artists used geometric shapes, bright colors, and optical illusions to create works of art that appeared to move, vibrate, or pulsate in the viewer's perception. The movement was influenced by scientific research on visual perception and the psychology of vision, and aimed to create a heightened sense of visual experience and engagement.
Some of the most famous Op Art artists include Bridget Riley, Victor Vasarely, and Richard Anuszkiewicz. Their art has been exhibited in major museums around the world and continues to influence contemporary artists and designers today
after which event did the united states and the soviet union emerge as superpowers with respect to the rest of the world? responses the united states civil war the united states civil war the promulgation of the monroe doctrine the promulgation of the monroe doctrine the first world war the first world war the second world war
The United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers with respect to the rest of the world after the Second World War.
The Second World War was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945, involving many of the world's nations, including the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States entered the war in 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, while the Soviet Union joined the Allies in 1941 after being invaded by Nazi Germany.The war had a significant impact on the global balance of power, as it resulted in the defeat of Germany and Japan, and the emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as the dominant superpowers. The two nations were left standing as the strongest economic, political, and military powers in the world, with the ability to influence global affairs and shape the post-war international system.The United States and the Soviet Union then became engaged in the Cold War, a period of intense political and military tension between the two superpowers that lasted until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.
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the speech richard nixon gave on september 23, 1952, to defend himself against accusations that he misappropriated campaign funds has come to be known as the "______________" speech.
The speech Richard Nixon gave on September 23, 1952, to defend himself against accusations that he misappropriated campaign funds has come to be known as the "Checkers" speech.
In the speech, Nixon addressed the nation and spoke about his personal finances and the allegations against him. He stated that he had received a dog named Checkers as a gift, but that he would not return it because it had become a beloved member of his family. The speech was a huge success and helped to save Nixon's political career. The term "Checkers" has since become associated with the speech and is often used to refer to any political speech given to defend against allegations of wrongdoing.
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The speech that Richard Nixon gave on September 23, 1952, to defend himself against accusations that he misappropriated campaign funds has come to be known as the "Checkers" speech.
In this speech, Nixon used the national television broadcast to address the accusations made against him and his family, which included allegations that he had used funds from a campaign slush fund to finance his personal expenses.
Nixon used a clever tactic during the speech by bringing up the story of a dog named Checkers that had been given to him as a gift by a supporter. He used this story to connect with the public and evoke sympathy, while also defending himself against the allegations. Nixon claimed that he would never return the dog, no matter how much pressure he faced, and he used this to demonstrate his loyalty and integrity.
The "Checkers" speech was a pivotal moment in Nixon's political career, as it helped him to regain the public's trust and support. It also marked the beginning of the era of televised political speeches and the use of emotional appeals to sway public opinion.
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rue or false: the sigma phi delta flag was designed by robert j. beals and adopted at the thirteenth general convention in 1959.
False. The Sigma Phi Delta flag was actually designed by Robert J. Beals, but it was adopted at the twelfth general convention in 1955, not the thirteenth general convention in 1959.
Sigma Phi Delta is a professional engineering fraternity that was founded in 1924 at the University of Southern California. The fraternity has since expanded to include chapters at universities across the United States, and it is dedicated to promoting academic excellence, professional development, and community service among its members.
The Sigma Phi Delta flag features the fraternity's emblem, which includes a gear wheel with the Greek letters Sigma, Phi, and Delta inscribed in its circumference. The colors of the flag are purple and white, which are the official colors of the fraternity. The flag is often displayed at chapter meetings, conventions, and other official events, and it serves as a symbol of the fraternity's values and traditions.
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Based on this table, what can you infer about trade in East Africa?
We can readily observe that trade with China is the most extensive (totaling all four dynasties), followed by Byzantine.
What East African countries trade the most?The East African Community's principal exports to the EU are coffee, cut flowers, tea, tobacco, fish, and vegetables. Machinery and mechanical gadgets, apparatus and components, cars, and pharmaceutical products dominate EU imports into the region. Most African countries' export trade is dominated by one or two primary commodities, such as petroleum and its derivatives in Libya, Nigeria, Algeria, Egypt, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, and Angola; iron ore in Mauritania and Liberia; copper in Zambia and the Democratic Union of the Congo; and cotton in Chad. east Africa is the prominent country for export.
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What was the main goal of Japanese modernization?
Answer:
The main goal of Japanese modernization, which began in the late 19th century and continued into the early 20th century, was to transform Japan into a modern industrialized nation that could compete with the Western powers. This process was known as the Meiji Restoration and was driven by a desire to strengthen Japan's military and economic power, as well as to modernize its political, social, and cultural systems.
To achieve this goal, the Japanese government launched a series of reforms that aimed to modernize and Westernize various aspects of Japanese society. These reforms included the establishment of a modern education system, the adoption of Western legal and political systems, the promotion of industrialization and modern technology, and the modernization of the military.
Through these reforms, Japan was able to rapidly develop into a major world power, with a strong economy, a modern military, and a highly educated population. The modernization of Japan also had significant cultural and social impacts, as traditional Japanese values and practices were challenged and transformed by Western ideas and practices.
Overall, the main goal of Japanese modernization was to transform Japan into a modern industrialized nation that could compete with the Western powers and establish itself as a major world power.
"The main goal of Japanese modernisation was", is to end Japanese Monarchy and introduce Democracy in Japan. And to provide compulsory education to inculcate technical skills required in building new nation and teaching the value of Japanese citizenshp and being a part of its rich Culture.
what are the benefit fasting during ramadan
Answer:
As a muslim myself i know this answer there are many but ill list 3-
Spiritual and Mental Well-being: Fasting during Ramadan promotes spiritual awareness, mindfulness, and self-discipline.
Physical Health: Fasting allows the digestive system to rest, regulates blood sugar levels, and may aid in weight loss.
Social and Community Benefits: Fasting fosters community bonding, empathy, and acts of charity towards others.
Develop an argument about how the effects of the Spanish American War still affect the United States today. Answer in a complete paragraph of 5-8 sentences.
The effects of the Spanish American War, such as territorial acquisitions and the rise of the US as a world power, continue to shape US foreign policy and global influence today.
What is Spanish American War?
The Spanish-American War of 1898 marked the beginning of the United States' emergence as a global superpower, and its effects can still be felt in American politics and foreign policy today. The war resulted in the acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, which brought about a new era of colonialism for the United States. This colonial legacy has had a lasting impact on the relationship between the United States and these territories, as well as on the United States' perception of its role in the world. The war also marked a turning point in American military strategy, with the United States adopting an interventionist approach to foreign affairs that persists to this day. The interventionist approach has been reflected in U.S. involvement in conflicts around the world, including the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Additionally, the Spanish-American War was a significant event in the history of U.S. media, as it marked the rise of "yellow journalism" and sensationalist reporting. This trend continues today, with the media playing an influential role in shaping public opinion and political discourse. Overall, the effects of the Spanish-American War are still being felt in the United States today, shaping American politics, foreign policy, and media culture.
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The Georgia General Assembly proposes an amendment to the GA Constitution. The amendment is then put on the ballot in the next election for all GA citizens to vote on.
What is this an example of?
A. recall
B. referendum
C. initiative
D. primary election
B. Referendum.
This is an example of a referendum, which is a direct vote by the citizens on a proposed law or amendment. In this case, the Georgia General Assembly has proposed an amendment to the state constitution, and it will be put on the ballot in the next election for all Georgia citizens to vote on. The citizens of Georgia will have the opportunity to approve or reject the proposed amendment through a referendum.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
one of the unintended consequences of the social security act block grant system authorized in 1974 was:
One of the unintended consequences of the Social Security Act block grant system authorized in 1974 was the creation of funding disparities among states and communities.
The block grant system aimed to provide financial support for various social welfare programs by allocating a fixed amount of funds to states based on their needs. However, since the allocation process relied on states' estimations and sometimes outdated population data, some states received more funds than necessary, while others faced shortages. As a result, certain communities experienced inadequate resources and services, negatively impacting vulnerable populations who relied on these programs for assistance. This consequence highlights the importance of regularly updating demographic data and reassessing the allocation process to ensure a more equitable distribution of social security funds. In summary, the block grant system introduced in 1974 inadvertently led to funding disparities, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of social welfare programs in some regions.
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the space created by romanesque churches’ barrel vaults had the effect of
The space created by Romanesque churches' barrel vaults had the effect of providing a solid, robust structure with a sense of grandeur and continuity throughout the interior of the church.
The space created by Romanesque churches' barrel vaults had the effect of providing a sense of grandeur and awe-inspiring height. This was achieved through the use of rounded arches and thick walls, which allowed for the construction of large, open spaces without the need for additional support. The barrel vaults also served a practical purpose in helping to distribute weight evenly across the building, allowing for the creation of larger, more complex structures. Overall, the use of barrel vaults in Romanesque architecture helped to define the style and create some of the most impressive and enduring religious buildings of the period.
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Changes for African Americans
Complete the chart in complete sentences and in your own words. Then respond to the questions below.
Type of Change Example of One Change for African Americans During Reconstruction Example of One Obstacle to This Change
Political
Economic
Social
Answer the following questions in complete sentences. Be sure to include at least two specific details from the lesson to support your response.
Which type of change—political, social, or economic—had the most impact on African Americans? Explain.
For the first hundred years of the United States, only white males were able to vote. Since then, amendments to the Constitution have made it so that any citizen aged 18 or older can vote. Which amendments granted different groups the right to vote? Why were amendments needed to expand voting rights?
How do you think history should judge the presidency of Richard Nixon?
Answer:
Nixon's presidency was marked by several significant achievements, including the establishment of diplomatic relations with China, the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT), and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, his legacy has been overshadowed by several major controversies, including the Watergate scandal, which ultimately led to his resignation from office in 1974.
The Watergate scandal involved the attempted cover-up of a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C. by members of Nixon's administration. The scandal led to a series of investigations, hearings, and legal proceedings that implicated dozens of high-ranking officials in the Nixon administration and ultimately led to Nixon's resignation.
In the decades since Nixon's presidency, historians have offered a range of assessments of his legacy. Some have praised his foreign policy achievements and his efforts to promote détente and reduce Cold War tensions, while others have criticized his expansion of executive power, his use of illegal and unethical means to pursue his political goals, and his role in undermining public trust in government institutions.
Ultimately, the question of how history should judge Richard Nixon's presidency is a matter of ongoing debate and interpretation. Historians will continue to analyze and evaluate his legacy in light of new evidence, changing perspectives, and evolving political and social contexts.
Answer:
it was a scandal of historic proportions, having forced him to become the only U.S. president to resign his office to avoid impeachment.
Explanation:
5.2 Lesson 1: Cuzco - The Center of the Inca World Read through the content on the ancient city of Cuzco. What can we infer about the Incan people who once lived there by what they physically left behind?
The physical remains left behind by the Incan people in Cuzco suggest that they were highly skilled in architecture, engineering, agriculture, textiles, metalwork, and had a rich cultural and religious life.
What is Cuzco?
Cuzco, also known as Cusco or Qosqo in Quechua, is a city located in the southeastern region of Peru. It was the capital of the Inca Empire, which was the largest pre-Columbian civilization in the Americas, spanning from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
Impressive Architectural Structures: The Incas were skilled architects and engineers, as evidenced by the impressive stone structures that still stand in Cuzco today, such as the famous Temple of the Sun (Qorikancha), the Sacsayhuaman fortress, and the intricate stone walls found throughout the city.
Terraced Agricultural Fields: The Incas practiced terrace farming, as seen in the agricultural terraces that can still be found in the surrounding areas of Cuzco.
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Read the following paragraph from the section "Trails, Treaties And Tumult, 1830s To 1860s."
As early as the mid-1840s, however, the white invasion quickly grew, affecting most of the native peoples of Washington and Oregon. Cultivated fields and livestock pastures replaced the plentiful stands of wild plants, vital native food sources. Immigrant horses and cattle trampled meadows, where people gathered seeds and camas bulbs. Immigrants' hogs ate the acorns, another important food source. Tensions mounted.
Which idea is BEST supported by this paragraph?
A
Teaching the native peoples of Washington and Oregon the farming practices of the immigrants could have helped to avoid tensions.
B
Initial tensions between native peoples and white settlers developed as settlers imposed their practices on the land and its resources.
C
The cultivation of fields and livestock created more sources of food and goods than there had been before in the Washington area.
D
White settlers were unaware that their horses and cattle were damaging important resources and food supplies of native peoples.
Option b is entirely right. As settlers imposed their practises on the land and its resources, tensions between native peoples and European settlers arose.
What happened to Oregon's Native Americans?The United States signed multiple treaties with the tribes of western Oregon between 1848 and 1855. As Native Americans were relocated to reservations to avoid disputes and rivalry, these treaties paved the way for further settlement by Americans and other immigrants into the Willamette Valley. In 1953, the federal government abolished more than 60 of our Tribes in Oregon. The revocation of tribal autonomy and government obligations to Native peoples, in addition to rights to reservation territory and a separate identity, were all part of the termination process.
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write an essay explaining In what ways has technology changed the workplace of people across the world?
Technology has profoundly altered the workplace environment. One of the first developments, for example, is industrialization.
What exactly is industrialization?The process of changing the economy of a nation or area away from agricultural and towards manufacturing is known as industrialization. Mechanized mass manufacturing technologies are a crucial component of this transformation. Industrialization is the process through which a civilization transitions from an agrarian to a manufacturing or industrial economy. Industrialization brings to negative externalities such as contamination of the environment .The separation of labor and capital creates economic inequities between those who possess capital resources and those who do not. The emergence of textile mills in Britain during the 18th and 19th centuries was one of the early examples of industrialisation.
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Push: Things that force you to leave a area
1. Answer: Push or Pull and explain why
2. Describe the type of dangers physically and mentally of living in an area where terrorism is a constant threat
When we draw an object, the vertical component, on the other hand, moves upward, reducing the frictional force. As a result, when there is less frictional force, moving the body will be simpler. Pulling a body is therefore easier than pushing one is.
Why should I pull or push?A pull is a force that pushes something in a different direction toward you. If it moves away, the reverse is true; this is referred to as a push. Sometimes, force is simply defined as the push or pull an object experiences when it comes into contact with another thing. Therefore, each kind of force is ultimately a push or a pull.
What dangers does terrorism pose?Following terrorist attacks, people frequently suffer from severe depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders. Additionally, survivors of terrorist attacks are more prone to developing drug addiction issues and psychosomatic symptoms.
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what happened to the 135 enslaved persons who in 1841 seized the ship, the creole, and sailed to nassau in search of freedom?
The 135 enslaved persons who seized the ship, the Creole, in 1841 sailed to Nassau and were granted their freedom by the British authorities.
The Creole was a ship that was transporting enslaved persons from Virginia to New Orleans in 1841. During the voyage, the enslaved persons rebelled and seized control of the ship. They sailed to Nassau in the Bahamas, where they were granted their freedom by the British authorities. This incident was significant because it challenged the legality of slavery and the practice of transporting enslaved persons on ships. The British authorities' decision to grant the enslaved persons their freedom also strained relations between the United States and Britain, as the US government demanded the return of the enslaved persons and compensation for their loss. The incident highlighted the tensions and contradictions of the US government's support for slavery and its professed commitment to freedom and democracy.
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By the time James Monroe became president, the ______ party was the dominant political entity in the nation.
Answer:
republican
Explanation:
His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C.
I Have a Dream Speech-The 2022 Version
You have just watched Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream Speech on the Washington Mall. You are
going to write your own version of the speech for 2021. You must have 2 topics in the essay-the dreams
for your own life and the world. You may also include any other topic you would like. It will be 2
paragraphs in length.
The speech will began like this -
Ladies and gentlemen, today I stand before you to speak about two dreams - the dreams of my life and the dreams of the world.
Firstly, I have a dream for my own life. I dream of a life where I can make a positive impact on the world. I believe that each one of us has a purpose in life, and mine is to contribute to society in a meaningful way. To achieve this dream, I am working hard to pursue a career that aligns with my values and passions. I believe that by doing work that I am passionate about, I can create a ripple effect that will inspire others to pursue their dreams as well. Additionally, I dream of traveling the world, experiencing different cultures, and learning about the world's diverse ways of life. I believe that travel can broaden our perspectives and help us appreciate the beauty of our differences.
However, my dreams do not end with my personal aspirations. I have a dream for the world as well. I dream of a world where everyone is treated with respect and dignity, regardless of their race, gender, or sexual orientation. I believe that we are all equal and deserve to be treated as such. I also dream of a world where everyone has access to basic needs such as food, water, and shelter. It is unacceptable that in the 21st century, there are still people who do not have access to these basic necessities. Lastly, I dream of a world where we take care of our planet and its resources. We only have one Earth, and it is our responsibility to protect it for future generations.
In conclusion, my dreams for my life and the world are interconnected. I believe that by pursuing my personal dreams, I can contribute to making the world a better place. I also believe that by working towards a better world, we can create a more conducive environment for everyone to pursue their dreams. Let us work together towards a world where everyone has the opportunity to live their best life. Thank you.
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Why did Indigenous people react with what is known as the Big Bottom Massacre of 1791?
White settlers were invading their land.
• The Battle of Fallen Timbers took place.
O Congress passed the Northwest Ordinance.
O More settlers moved into Ohio Territory.
The Indigenous people reacted with what is known as the Big Bottom Massacre of 1791 because of the invasion of their land by white settlers.
What was Big Bottom Massacre?The Big Bottom Massacre was a violent attack that took place on January 2, 1791, in the Ohio Country. A group of Native American warriors attacked a settlement of American pioneers, killing 13 men, women, and children. The pioneers had settled on land that was disputed by the native tribes, and tensions had been rising between the two groups. The attack was a retaliation for the killing of several Native Americans by the pioneers. The massacre was a significant event in the ongoing conflict between the United States and Native American tribes over land and resources. It was also a catalyst for increased military action by the US government against the tribes in the region.
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how did white southerners in the hill country and backcountry areas make a living? multiple choice question. they owned small plots of fertile land where they practiced subsistence farming. they foraged, hunted, and worked as common laborers but were often malnourished. they dug and sold clay from riverbeds for money. they found easy work
They owned small plots of fertile land where they practiced subsistence farming.
White southerners in the hill country and backcountry areas, particularly during the colonial and early national periods, were primarily subsistence farmers. They owned small plots of fertile land and produced crops and livestock for their own consumption and to exchange for other goods they needed. This type of farming was often difficult and required a lot of hard work, but it provided a means of survival for these families. Many also engaged in other activities such as hunting and foraging, but farming was the main source of sustenance. While some may have worked as common laborers or sold clay from riverbeds, subsistence farming was the most common way of making a living in these regions.
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do you think the Nuremberg trials helped bring justice to victims of holocaust, or is it impossible to bring justice to the victims of the holocaust? explain.
Answer:
tribunal in history revealed the true extent of German atrocities and held some of the most prominent
Explanation:
Question 23 of 45
What was the main outcome of Joseph Stalin's collectivization policies in
Ukraine?
OA. Ukrainian communist organizations overthrew Stalin and seized
control of the Soviet Union.
OB. Ukrainian leaders provoked a war with the Soviet Union by
declaring Ukrainian independence.
OC. Ukrainian generals rose to prominence as the leaders of Stalin's
secret police forces.
OD. Ukrainian farmers suffered through a severe famine while being
forced to export grain.
Answer:
What was the main outcome of Joseph Stalin's collectivization?Kulaks resisted collectivization. Millions were exiled to forced labor camps or killed as a result. The 1930s saw many horrors in the Soviet Union. Joseph Stalin's purges resulted in the execution of thousands, while millions more were sent to forced labor camps.
Therefore, it's B. Ukrainian leaders provoked a war with the Soviet Union by declaring Ukrainian independence.
What are 3 ways Interest Groups monitor and influence government i dont have any answer chooses
Answer:
Interest groups are organizations that seek to influence public policy on behalf of their members or supporters. There are several ways in which interest groups monitor and influence government, including:
Lobbying: One of the main ways in which interest groups influence government is through lobbying, which involves attempting to persuade government officials to take a particular action or adopt a particular policy. Lobbyists may meet with government officials, provide them with information and research, and make arguments in favor of their organization's position.Campaign contributions: Interest groups may also seek to influence government through campaign contributions, which can be used to support political candidates who are sympathetic to the group's interests. By providing financial support to political candidates, interest groups can help to ensure that their concerns are taken into account when policy decisions are made.Grassroots mobilization: Another way in which interest groups can influence government is through grassroots mobilization, which involves organizing and mobilizing ordinary citizens to support the group's goals and put pressure on government officials. Grassroots mobilization may involve tactics such as protests, letter-writing campaigns, and social media campaigns, and can be particularly effective in raising public awareness and influencing public opinion on an issue.Henry David thoreaus book walden led people to focous on
Thoreau's straightforward life experiment. He lived in a hut on Walden Pond for two years, and the experience encouraged many individuals to lead straightforward, independent lives.
What did Henry David Thoreau focus on?
Thoreau offers distinctive contributions to ontology, the philosophy of science, and radical political thinking in addition to his emphasis on ethics in an existential sense.
It is important to consider our principles before sacrificing our entire lives for meaningless respect because if we spend our entire lives pursuing the past, we are likely to not live a life that is meaningful.
During his stay in Walden, the narrator learned that no one needed to accept a dull, drudgery-filled existence and that no one needed to be "so occupied with the factitious cares and superfluously coarse labours of life that its finer fruits cannot be plucked." All men may, the narrator discovered, firmly hope for a better life.
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Why was the refrigerated railway car such an important invention ?
A. It changed the American diet
B. It changed how farmers grew their produce
C. It changed prices for pedestrian passengers
D. It changed the way Americans traveled
The refrigerated railway car such an important invention because It changed the American diet. The correct answer is A.
The refrigerated railway car was an important invention because it allowed for the transportation of perishable goods, such as meat and produce, over long distances. Prior to its invention, these goods would spoil before reaching their destination.
With the ability to transport perishable goods, the refrigerated railway car changed the American diet by making fresh food available year-round, regardless of the season or location of production.
This had significant economic implications, as farmers were able to expand their markets beyond their immediate region, and consumers had access to a wider variety of foods at lower prices.
In addition, the refrigerated railway car had a ripple effect on related industries, such as food processing and packaging, and paved the way for the development of new refrigeration technologies that continue to impact the world today.
The correct answer is A.
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What does Mae Jemison mean when she says,"I like to think of ideas as potential energy. They’re really wonderful, but nothing will happen until we risk putting them into action. "
Mae Jemison is saying that ideas are only potential energy until they are put into action.
Ideas are great and they can lead to amazing things, but they will remain potential energy until we put them into action. She is emphasizing the importance of taking risks and taking action on our ideas in order to bring them to fruition. Without taking action, our ideas will remain just that—ideas.
Taking risks can be scary, but Mae Jemison is encouraging us to take the leap and put our ideas into action because that's the only way for them to become real. Risk-taking is essential for us to make our ideas a reality and to make change in the world.
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1. What idea is Gallatin arguing against? 2. Instead of conquering Mexico and taking territory, what is Gallatin arguing in favor of?
Albert Gallatin's argument towards the annexation of Texas was once premised on the notion that such a go would be irreconcilable with the United States' self-proclaimed status as a "Model Republic." This concept shaped the basis of Gallatin's case towards the annexation of Texas.
What were the arguments in opposition to the annexation of Texas?First, Mexico did not recognize Texas's independence, so annexation might provoke a war. Second, they adverse the growth of slavery, which Texas allowed. Third, the full-size place of Texas might be divided into smaller slaveholding states, upsetting congressional balance and thereby dissolving the Union.
One argument towards annexing Texas to the U.S. used to be that the annexation might provide extra power to the supporters of slavery. Texas used to be annexed due to the fact President Tyler wanted to help his administration.
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https://brainly.com/question/26551404#SPJ1Even though judicial review mentioned in the Constitution, the Founders did assume the Court would use this power. Read an excerpt from James Wilson's speech to the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention on December 1, 1787, and then answer the questions.
I say, under this Constitution, the legislature may be restrained, and kept within its prescribed
bounds, by the interposition of the judicial department. This I hope, sir, to explain clearly and satisfactorily. I had occasion, on a former day (24 November), to state that the power of the Constitution was paramount to the power of the legislature, acting under that Constitution.
For it is possible that the legislature, when acting in that capacity, may transgress the bounds
assigned to it, and an act may pass, in the usual mode, notwithstanding that transgression; but
when it comes to be discussed before the judges-when they consider its principles and find
it to be incompatible with the superior power of the Constitution, it is their duty to pronounce
it void. And judges, independent and not obliged to look to every session for a continuance of
their salaries, will behave with intrepidity and refuse to the act the sanction of judicial authority.
1. What reason does Wilson give for why the judicial branch would need to restrain the legislature through the use of judicial review?
2. How will the judicial branch decide if a law goes against the Constitution?
3. Why does Wilson believe that the judges will act with intrepidity (fearlessness) in exercising judicial review. In other words, why wouldn't they feel pressured to act or rule in a certain way?
4. Supreme Court Justices also serve in their positions for life. It's another check that's used to balance the judicial branch and help them maintain independence or influence from the other branches of government. Why do you think it is important for the justices to be independent?
Answer:
Wilson gives the reason that the legislature may exceed its prescribed limits and transgress the bounds assigned to it, and the judicial branch would be needed to restrain it and keep it within those bounds.The judicial branch will decide if a law goes against the Constitution by considering its principles and determining whether it is incompatible with the superior power of the Constitution. If it is found to be incompatible, it is the duty of the judges to pronounce it void.Wilson believes that judges will act with intrepidity in exercising judicial review because they are independent and not obliged to look to every session for a continuance of their salaries. In other words, they are not beholden to the legislature or executive branches for their job security and can therefore act with impartiality and refuse to sanction an act that goes against the Constitution.It is important for Supreme Court Justices to be independent because it allows them to interpret the law based on its merits and the Constitution, rather than being influenced by political pressure or the views of the other branches of government. This preserves the integrity and impartiality of the judicial branch and helps maintain the balance of power between the three branches of government. Justices who are not independent may be more likely to rule based on their personal beliefs or political affiliations, rather than on the law itself.
HELP FAST 27 PIONTS Which of the following contributed to the decline of the Mongol Empire?
Natural resources were depleted due to overworking the land.
Genghis Khan did not have any sons to take over the empire.
The Black Death caused a massive population decline.
The empire stopped all expansion and focused only on China.
The Black Death caused a massive population decline contributed to the decline of the Mongol Empire. In the mid-14th century, the Black Death, a highly contagious and deadly disease, spread throughout Eurasia, severely affecting the populations of the Mongol Empire and causing a massive population decline. The population decline impacted the Empire's ability to collect taxes, recruit soldiers, and maintain control over the conquered areas, weakening the Empire and contributing to its decline. Although other factors such as excessive expansion, overworking of the land, and internal strife also played a role in the decline of the Mongol Empire.
Answer: The Black Death caused a massive population decline.
Explanation:
