The true statements about consumer promotions is that its includes a wide range of tools like samples, coupons, refunds, and so on. The Option D is correct.
What is use of consumer promotions?In marketing, a consumer promotions means those strategies that businesses use to gain more customers or develop brand loyalty among current customers.
The most common customer promotions involve sales tactics that make customers feel like they are getting a good deal or special value. Also, a consumer promotions occur during a specific period of time or are temporary although many brands also offer special promotions to first-time customers.
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what is the total amount of medical expenses (before considering the limitation based on adjusted gross income) that would enter into the calculation of itemized deductions on rasheed's 2021 income tax return?
The total amount of medical expenses that would enter into the calculation of itemized deductions on Rasheed's 2021 income tax return exceeds 7.5% of your adjusted gross income.
The IRS allows all taxpayers to deduct eligible non-refundable medical expenses in excess of 7.5% of adjusted gross income. Instead of receiving a standard deduction, you must list the deduction on your IRS Schedule A to deduct medical expenses.
Item deductibles include state and local income or sales taxes property taxes personal property taxes mortgage interest and amounts paid for disaster losses. You can also include a portion of the amount you pay for charity donations or medical or dental bills. Pay interest on up to two mortgages. State and local income or sales taxes.
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if some of the components of an entrepreneur's product come from other manufacturers who have their own warranties, it is important to have use of that component on the product certified by so that the warranty isn't inadvertently invalidated. a. a supply chain manager b. an operation manager c. quality control inspector d. the vendors who the enterpreneur purcheses the components form e. the original equipment manufaqtures
If some of the components of an entrepreneur's product come from other manufacturers who have their own warranties, it is important to have the use of that component on the product certified so that the warranty isn't inadvertently invalidated by the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
Who is an entrepreneur?An entrepreneur is a person who starts a new business, taking on most of the risks and reaping the majority of the gains. The term "entrepreneurship" refers to the act of starting a business. The entrepreneur is frequently viewed as an innovator, a source of novel concepts, products, services, and/or business models.
In any economy, entrepreneurs play a crucial role because they have the knowledge and drive to foresee demands and market valuable new ideas. Profits, notoriety, and prospects for ongoing expansion are given to entrepreneurialism that succeeds in assuming the risks involved in founding a startup. Failure in entrepreneurship costs the participants money and reduces their visibility in the market.
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When the current state of the economy is such that Real GDP is less than Natural Real GDP, the economy is in a(n) ____________________ gap. In this situation, the (actual) unemployment rate is ___________ than the natural unemployment rate, and there is a ________________ in the labor market.
recessionary; greater; surplus
When the current state of the economy is such that Real GDP is less than Natural Real GDP, the economy is in a recessionary gap. In this situation, the (actual) unemployment rate is greater than the natural unemployment rate, and there is a surplus in the labor market.
In this case, the real GDP is less than what would be generated with full employment. In a recessionary gap, the economy is operating below the full employment level. Recessionary gaps are also known as contractionary gaps.
When a nation's real GDP is lower than its GDP at full employment, it is said to have a recessionary or contractionary gap. When real wages are in equilibrium and the supply and demand of labor are equal, recessionary gaps diminish.
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if a taxpayer's 2021 individual income tax return was filed on january 12, 2022, the statute of limitations would normally run out on: a.january 12, 2024. b.april 15, 2025. c.january 12, 2024. d.april 15, 2023. e.none of these choices are correct.
Within 6 months of commencement of its activities. One month prior to the due date of furnishing return of profits beneath section 139(1)
. One month prior to the due date of furnishing return of profits under area 139(1). Filing annual audited accounts for each permitted programme by the National Laboratory, etc.
What is the time restrict and conditions for submitting a belated return?Belated return is filed with the aid of the assessees who leave out the original closing date but can nevertheless file their tax return. Belated return can be filed till 31 December of the relevant AY u/s 139(4) of IT Act problem to completion of assessment.
What if earnings tax return is filed after due date?Any character who files ITR after the due date will have to pay a late price of Rs 5,000 if taxable earnings is above Rs 5,00,000. The penalty is Rs 1,000 for humans with whole taxable income much less than Rs 5,00,000. There are a number of other key benefits that taxpayers omit out on for filing ITR after the due date.
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https://brainly.com/question/26316390#SPJ4economic theory suggests that interest rates are important than interest rates in explaining investment behavior.
Economic idea is based totally on the assumption that investors and shoppers are rational and very “efficient machines,” namely, that they make the high-quality selections for themselves.
Laboratory tests reveal that investors' behavior is a lot more complex relative to the conduct assumed in most financial theories.
What is monetary concept and its importance?The motive of an financial concept is to strive to describe and give an explanation for how economies work. This entails analyzing, defining, and describing various financial forces and variables that have an effect on economies.
The four monetary theories are supply aspect economics, new classical economics, monetarism and Keynesian economics.
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A loan is when money is given to another party with the understanding that it will be repaid, along with interest.
What is the meaning of a personal loan?A personal loan is cash you borrow from a bank or other financial organization with regular monthly payments over a predetermined length of time. Because most personal loans are unsecured, you won't need to put up any security to get the money.
Personal loans are unsecured loans wherein the bank lends you money based only on your creditworthiness and without the need for any type of collateral. However, given the level of risk involved in giving the money, personal loans have higher interest rates than any other type of loan, such as a home loan or an education loan.
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The (fill the blank) describes how personal information such as that provided by a job applicant is handled in the european union
The general Data Protection Regulation describes how personal information such as that provided by a job applicant is handled in the european union.
A regulation in EU law governing data protection and privacy in the European Union and the European Economic Area is known as the General Data Protection Regulation. The GDPR is a crucial part of EU privacy legislation and human rights law, particularly Article 8 of the European Union's Charter of Fundamental Rights.
In its most basic sense, the GDPR is a European data protection regulation that offers people more control over their personal data. Companies have been pushed to reconsider their views on data privacy, placing a premium on "privacy by design."
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research on communication indicates that group of answer choices effective communication can lead to emotional labor. effective communication skills are among the top skills sought by recruiters today. poor communication is seen as a causal factor in 10-20% of all accidents. although good communication helps retain effective performers, it does not increase a firm's market share.
Research on communication indicates b. Effective communication skills are among the top skills sought by recruiters today.
Communication skills are a person's ability to convey something that becomes an idea or messages to others effectively in order to convey the goals intended by someone. Communication skills can be conveyed verbally and non-verbally.
Important communication skills are mastered in order to be successful in all fields, especially in building a career, because effective communication skills are currently the top thing that job recruiters are looking for. With someone having good communication skills, he will be able to catch messages without misinformation occurring.
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reserves held by banks are mainly held in the form of:
Answer:
Bank reserves are the currency deposits that are not lent out to a bank's clients. A small fraction of the total deposits is held internally by the bank in cash vaults or deposited with the central bank.
The currency deposits known as bank reserves are those that are not lent to a bank's customers. Only a small portion of all deposits are kept by the bank internally in safes or deposited with the central bank.
What is the customer?A client is a person who purchases goods, services, or ideas from a seller, vendor, or supplier in exchange for money or another useful consideration. This definition applies to sales, commerce, and economics.
Commercial banks and other financial institutions that act as depository institutions are required by the Federal Reserve to hold a portion of specified deposit liabilities in reserves. These reserves are held by depository institutions as cash in safes, at ATMs, and as deposits at Federal Reserve institutions.
Therefore, As bank reserves are those that are not lent to a bank's customers
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for decades, the national rifle association (nra) has worked closely with members of congress to successfully curtail the capacity of the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives to regulate firearms and track gun crimes. which of the following statements best explains how the nra maintains its influence in washington?
The NRA maintains its influence in Washington by using the National Rifle Association outspends its competitors in all elections and stages of policy making.
Policy:
Policy refers the law, regulation, procedure, administrative action, incentive, or voluntary practice of governments and other institutions
Given,
For decades, the national rifle association (NRA) has worked closely with members of congress to successfully curtail the capacity of the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives to regulate firearms and track gun crimes.
Here we need to find the statements best explains how the NRA maintains its influence in Washington.
While we looking through the given question, we have identified that the NRA worked closely with members of congress which states that the NRA outspends the elections and stages of policy making.
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when the macroequilibrium is above full employment, fiscal policy should be used to shift aggregate demand by the amount of
An economy or market that is in equilibrium usually doesn't have too much short-term supply. On the other hand, an economy or market that is above full employment has more production of goods or commodities.
How is aggregate demand affected by fiscal policy?The term "expansionary" or "loose" refers to fiscal policy that directly increases aggregate demand through an increase in government spending. In contrast, if fiscal policy reduces demand through lower spending, it is frequently regarded as contractionary or "tight."
The aggregate demand curve will be shifted to the right by which of the following?As consumption spending, investment spending, government spending, and spending on exports minus imports rise, the aggregate demand curve moves to the right. As these parts fall, the AD curve will go back to the left.
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cal-com systems is a high-tech firm looking to set up operations in a foreign country. the firm's core competency is in technological know-how. which mode of entry would be most favorable to the firm if it wants to keep a tight control over its technology
Wholly Owned Subsidiary mode of entry would be most favourable to the firm.
What is a Wholly Owned Subsidiary?
A corporation whose common stock is 100% held by another company is referred to as a wholly owned subsidiary. A parent company could purchase a business and turn it into a fully owned subsidiary. A corporation whose common stock is 51% to 99% held by a parent company is referred to as a majority-owned subsidiary.
What is the Wholly Owned Subsidiary Mode of Entry?
In this entry option, your company will join the new worldwide market by forming an entirely new operation and legal entity, and it will own 100% of the foreign entity.
There are no minority shareholders when the parent company owns all the shares, and the parent firm typically grants the subsidiary operating authority. However, because it still has legal control over the business's activities, goods, and procedures, it functions as a separate legal entity. The totally owned subsidiary may come from a different sector of the economy or nation than the parent company. In this scenario, the subsidiary is likely to have its own set of customers, goods, and senior management.
Wholly Owned Subsidiary mode of entry would be most favourable to the firm.
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in which of the following scenarios would conciliation as a conflict resolution process be preferred? a.) community members with a long history of disagreement are at odds over the town's new proposal to build a solar array. they want someone who can help them reach an agreement that they're all comfortable with, but they also want to make lasting changes to how they relate to each other. b.) members of a neighborhood homeowners association want to make changes to their hoa agreement, but they need help negotiating a point of disagreement. they are hoping that a third party can help them arrive at a solution that meets everyone's needs. c.) a landlord and tenant have a dispute over the tenant's use of the property. they want to meet together in the same room with a conflict resolution specialist to talk about a solution. d.) union leaders and corporate management need to decide on a mutually agreeable contract for the future. both sides of the conflict need someone to help them determine which demands are non-negotiable and which they can give up.
Option (b), a neighborhood homeowners association's members want to amend their HOA agreement, but they need assistance in resolving a dispute. In order to find a solution that satisfies everyone's needs, they are hoping that a third party can assist them.
What are the major methods for resolving disputes?To resolve disagreements, a variety of techniques can be utilized, including negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation. The same collaborative negotiation principles that you use for dealmaking can and should be used for dispute resolution as well.
What exactly does conciliation entail?A professional facilitator helps employers and employees resolve conflicts through the voluntary process of conciliation when their independent efforts to do so have failed. One way to define the procedure is as a facilitated search for consensus amongst parties in conflict.
Conciliation is an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) method where a neutral third party, the conciliator, aids parties to a dispute in identifying the disputed issues, developing choices, considering alternatives, and attempting to come to a resolution.
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What are the 4 roles of government in business?.
The founding fathers of our country envisioned a relatively restricted role for the government in economic concerns in order to secure and maintain economic freedom as well as political freedom.
What four roles does the government play in business?In market economies, economists recognize six primary roles for governments.Governments, in addition to providing the legal and social framework, maintain competition, provide public goods and services, redistribute income, account for externalities, and stabilize the economy.A government serves as the system of law and order for a country, state, or other political entity. A government is in charge of social norms, as well as the military, foreign policy, the economy, and public services.While all governments have similar duties, they are carried out in different ways depending on the type of government. Among the various forms of government are direct democracy, representative democracy, socialism, communism, monarchy, oligarchy, and autocracy.To learn more about roles of government to:
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A sinking fund can be set up in one of two ways?
a. The Corporation makes annual payments to the trustee, who invests the proceeds in securities (frequently government bonds) and uses the accumulated total to retire the bond issue at maturity.
b. The trustee uses the annual payments to retire a portion of the issue each year, calling a given percentage of the issue by a lottery and paying a specified price per bond or buying bonds on the open market, whichever is cheaper.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure from the viewpoint of (a) the firm and (b) bondholders?
advantage procedure from the viewpoint
uses the accumulated total to retire the bond issue at maturity.
decision point: choosing the first product line in order to make portfolio decisions, you will need to classify each product line as a star, cash cow, question mark, or dog, as defined by the bcg growth-share matrix. to begin, select one of yellow's product lines. smartphones laptops CD players Activity Wristbands
A canine is an enterprise unit that has a small marketplace proportion in a mature industry. A canine therefore neither generates the strong coins that go with the flow nor calls for the hefty investment that a coins cow or superstar unit might other categories inside the BCG matrix. A canine measures low on each marketplace share and growth.
A cash cow is one of the 4 classes (quadrants) inside the boom-share, BCG matrix that represents a product, product line, or organization with a large marketplace share inside a mature industry.
The query mark symbolizes preserving range in the BCG matrix. The BCG increase-share Matrix helps corporations determine what to preserve, promote, or invest in. The BCG increase-proportion Matrix classifies products into four categories dogs, cash cows, stars, and “question marks.”
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as firms attempt to internationalize, they may be tempted to locate their facilities where business regulation laws are lax. discuss the advantages and potential risks of such an approach, using specific examples to support your response.
As businesses develop globally, they can be attracted to establish their facilities in countries with lenient business restrictions. Low cost markets—those with fewer rules generally cost less for corporations—help businesses gain a competitive edge.
Benefits: Since the licensors or franchisers don't have to invest as much money abroad, it is a more cheap way to start a business overseas.
Due to the lack of investment—if any—involved, the licensor's level of risk is minimal.
Risk: If business formulas and secrets are not properly protected, they could be made public in the market.
Conflicts between the licensee and the grantor may arise over the keeping of records, the payment of loyalty, the adherence to the standards, and other issues.
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Rare earth metals are used in the production of many of the personal electronic devices you use every day. Suppose there is an unexpected decrease in the price of rare earth metals. a. The decrease in price of rare earth metals will lead to negative cost-push inflation. negative demand-pull inflation. an increase in expected inflation. demand-pull inflation.
If there is an unexpected decrease in the price of rare earth metals there is a Negative cost push inflation.
What is a cost push inflation?Cost-push inflation is a type of inflation that is thought to be brought on by price increases for significant goods or services when there are no viable alternatives. Businesses are compelled to raise the price of their outputs as a result of increasing input costs.
Cost-push inflation happens when a rise in production costs results in a decrease in the overall supply of goods and services. For instance, it's possible that the owner of a factory will simply close the doors as a response if low-paid workers organize a union and demand higher wages.
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increases in government spending are not very effective in offsetting real shocks because they shift the:
Increases in government spending are not very effective in offsetting real shocks because they shift the aggregate demand.
Definition of Aggregate DemandAggregate demand is the value of all requests for all types of goods and services produced in a certain period. The demand value contained in this aggregate will be expressed in terms of the overall value used for these goods and services up to a more specific price level and at a certain time period.
Some things that include aggregate demand are all consumer goods, capital goods used for the production process, import-export activities, and state government spending programs. Each of these variables will be considered the same as long as they are traded at the same market value.
This aggregate demand can also be calculated over a long period of time, which is often referred to as GDP or Gross Domestic demand. If this GDP will describe the total value and also the goods produced, then aggregate demand will represent the desire for goods and services.
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transaction processing systems (tps) capture and process the fundamental data about events that affect the organization called
The fundamental data about events that affect the organization called accounting system. monitor the flow of data pertaining to all cash flows that have an impact on an organisation in a transaction processing system (TPS).
A collection of accounting procedures with built-in controls is referred to as an accounting system.An accounting system’s goal is to keep track of business transactions and compile them into reports that decision-makers can use to monitor, assess, and improve operations.Although technology is technically conceivable, very tiny businesses are the only ones that normally use a purely paper-based accounting system.The cornerstone of accounting systems is often readily available accounting software, with any additional data entry techniques needed.A typical accounting system includes all of an organization’s primary functional areas, including the purchase of products.
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candy corporation has $100,000 of 8% bonds that were issued in year 1 at face amount. when the bonds are repaid at the maturity date, the journal entry will require which of the following entries?
The journal entry will require the following entries debit bonds payable $100,000 and Credit cash $100,000.
The transactions pertaining to performance appraisal, opening stock, amortization, accounting mistakes, etc. are documented in a general journal, which is a daybook or auxiliary journal. General journal entries may have invoices, copies of management reports, and journal vouchers as their source materials.
Prime entry books, also known as books of original entry, are journals because transactions were first recorded in a journal before being physically posted to accounts in the main ledger or a subsidiary ledger. It is the process of recording double entry bookkeeping transactions by subtracting one or more account and crediting one or more other accounts with the same sum of money.
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Joan arlington has twice as much money invested at​ 5% simple annual interest as she does at​ 4%. if her yearly income from the two investments is ​$175​, how much does she have at each​ rate?
The amount Joan has invested at 5% is $350 and the amount she has invested at 4% is $175.
What is investment?
A purchase made with the intention of generating income as well as capital growth is known as an investment. An asset's value increasing over time is referred to as appreciation. When a person invests in a good, they do not intend to use it as a source of immediate consumption, but rather as a tool for future wealth creation.
An investment always involves the expenditure of some resource presently, effort, money, or perhaps an asset—in the anticipation of a future return greater than the initial investment. For instance, an investor might buy a financial asset right away with the hope that it will generate income later on or that it can be sold for a profit at a higher price.
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When merchandise sold is assumed to be in the order in which the purchases were made, the company is using.
When merchandise sold is assumed to be in the order in which the purchases were made, the company is using first in, first out (FIFO).
What is First In, First Out(FIFO)?
First In, First Out, or FIFO as it is more popularly known, is an asset management and valuation technique wherein assets that are generated or acquired first are sold, utilised, or disposed of first.
FIFO, which stands for First In, First Out, assumes that the cost of goods sold on the income statement includes the assets with the oldest expenses (COGS). The assets that haven't been used up yet in inventory are matched with the ones that have. To make cost flow assumptions, the FIFO approach is employed. The expenditures related to that product must be recorded as an expense in manufacturing as products go through subsequent phases of development and are sold as finished inventory items.
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a screening decision blank . multiple choice question. is used to identify projects that need to be improved relates to whether a proposed project is the best option among more than one acceptable project relates to whether a proposed project is acceptable
A screening decision is used to determine whether or not a proposed project is acceptable.
What is screening decision ?A screening decision is made to determine whether or not a proposed investment is worthwhile in terms of both time and money. Following the completion of these screening decisions, a preference capital budgeting decision is made. The alternatives under consideration have already been proven to be advantageous.Capital budgeting decisions are divided into two broad categories: screening decisions and preference decisions. Screening decisions are made based on whether or not a proposed project meets a current acceptance standard. Preference decisions are used to choose between competing actions.The process of excluding investments from portfolios based on social, environmental, and governance criteria is referred to as investment screening. It also entails allocating portfolio weights to companies that outperform on these metrics and avoiding underperformers.To learn more about screening decision refer to :
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The National Do-Not-Call Registry was created to give Americans a tool for maintaining their privacy on home telephone lines. More than __________ of all households are registered.
90%
95%
80%
30%
60%
In order to give Americans a means to protect their privacy on home telephone lines, the National Do-Not-Call Registry was established. Over 60% of homes contain registration information.
What is National Do-Not-Call Registry?If you are one of the more than 200 million people who have registered with the national Do Not Call Registry with the Federal Trade Commission, you are protected from approved telemarketers calling you with information and offers (FTC).
The Do Not Call Registry is unfortunately regularly ignored by dishonest people.
The National Do-Not-Call Registry was created to give Americans a way to safeguard their privacy on residential telephone lines. More than 60% of dwellings have registration data.
Prior to the Do Not Call Improvement Act of 2007, numbers were only listed on the Do Not Call Registry for a period of five years.
After February 2008, numbers placed into the registry are kept there forever.
Therefore, in order to give Americans a means to protect their privacy on home telephone lines, the National Do-Not-Call Registry was established. Over 60% of homes contain registration information.
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katsu, inc. has a small car division that operates as a profit center. below is a partially completed responsibility report for the first quarter.
Katsu, inc. has a sm-all car divi-sion that ope-rates as a profit cen-ter. Be-low is a partially completed respons-ibility report for the first quar-ter.
Actual Flexible
Sales Revenue $688,000 $700,000
The percent-age variance for the flexible budget varia-nce for sales rev-enue is calculated as fol-lows:
= ($700,000 - $688,000) / $700,000 *100
= 1.71% F
Flexible Budget chan-ges with the level of activity, as the prod-uction activities, increase then the bud-get is also increased, and in the same way, as the prod-uction activities decrease the bud-get will also be decreased. Another budget is a static bud-get where the activities rem-ain constant.
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chicago company reported the following information at the end of the current year: common stock ( $7 par value; 45,000 shares outstanding) $ 315,000 preferred stock, 10% ( $12 par value; 9,000 shares outstanding) 108,000 retained earnings 286,000 the board of directors is considering the distribution of a cash dividend to the two groups of stockholders. no dividends were declared during the previous two years. assume the three cases below are independent of each other. case a: the preferred stock is noncumulative; the total amount of all dividends is $36,000. case b: the preferred stock is cumulative; the total amount of all dividends is $32,400. case c: the preferred stock is cumulative; the total amount of all dividends is $91,000 .
Chicago needs to budget $517,000 for the cost of the new building and $64,000 for the cost of the land.
What are stocks?An investment that represents ownership in a portion of the issuing corporation is referred to as a stock, which is also known as equity. Shares, commonly referred to as units of stock, give its owners a proportionate share of the company's assets and earnings based on the number of shares they own.
Stocks, which are typically purchased and sold on stock exchanges, make up the majority of individual investors' portfolios.
Stock trades must adhere to regulations set forth by the government to protect investors from deceptive practices.
Hence, In order to cover the cost of the new structure and the property, Chicago must set aside $517,000 and $64,000, respectively.
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one of the most cost-effective ways to ensure optimal ongoing energy performance is to ? question 14 options: a) commission building systems b) maintain trees and landscaping c) upgrade mechanical systems d) install renewable energy systems
Set up the building's systems. The HVAC system for the tenant area is being chosen by a project team. Which major aspects must to be taken into account to lessen the system's influence on the environment.
How can our energy efficiency be increased?Making energy-efficient and weatherization improvements at home, like adding insulation, switching to LED lighting, and installing a heat pump, can help you save money on energy bills while also enhancing comfort.
What are a few illustrations of energy effectiveness?Utilizing less energy to provide an energy service is referred to as energy efficiency. LED light bulbs, for instance, use between 75 and 80 percent less electricity to produce the same amount of light as incandescent bulbs.
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eastline corporation had 11,500 shares of $5 par value common stock outstanding when the board of directors declared a stock dividend of 3,795 shares. at the time of the stock dividend, the market value per share was $15. the entry to record this dividend is:
The entry to record this dividend is Debit Retained Earnings $18,975; credit Common Stock Dividend Distributable $18,975 (3,795 × 5).
Retained earnings (RE) are the remaining net income that belongs to the company after dividends have been distributed to shareholders.Company management is typically in charge of deciding whether to keep the profits or distribute them to the shareholders.A company with a growth strategy may choose to use retained earnings to fund expansion activities rather than paying any dividends at all or paying very little.Companies may decide to use their retained earnings for a variety of purposes, including expanding their manufacturing capabilities, hiring more salespeople, introducing new products, or share repurchases.Because they reflect the net income that a company has saved over time, retained earnings are a crucial factor in determining the financial health of a company.Learn more about Retained earnings (RE), here
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Why are firms willing to accept losses in the short run but not in the long run?.
The reason why firms are willing to accept losses in the short run but not in the long run is that E. There are sunk costs in the short run but not in the long run.
What are sunk cost?In economics and business decision-making, a sunk cost can be explained as the cost which has ben been incurred and as a result of this it ca not be recovered.
It should be noted that Sunk costs are contrasted with prospective costs, and may be avoided if action is taken, however the firms are willing to accept losses in the short run due to the fact that sunk costs are present in the short run .
Therefore, option E is correct.
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missing options
A. Firms cannot shut down in the short run.
B. Fixed costs are larger in the long run than in the short run.
C. Firms are price takers in the short run but not in the long run.
D. It is always profitable to incur losses in the short run because profits will always arise in the long run.
E. There are sunk costs in the short run but not in the long run.
