which one of these is an example of a necessary debt

The other party's duty to perform remains absolute  If one party substantially performs. It is happen if any for the substantially performing party's failure to fully perform although the other party may be entitled to recover damages.

Substantial performance generally can be described as a doctrine, whereby one party under a contract. if he substantially performed his duties under the contract substantial performance can still recover for damages even though that individual failed to comply with the contract in some way. The example of substantial performance is fulfillment of the obligations agreed to in a contract.

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For a sellout performance, 1800 and 4200 tickets must be sold at each price in order to earn a total revenue of $166,400.

The amount of money generated by regular business operations is known as revenue, and it is calculated by dividing the quantity of units sold by the average selling price. Revenue is also referred to as sales on the income statement.

Calculation:

Given:

The cost of tickets is $24 and $40.

Let x represent the total number of tickets sold at the $24 price.

Let y represent the total number of tickets sold at the $40 price.

There are a total of 6000 seats in the theater.

Hence,

x + y = 6000             (equation 1)

$166,400 is the entire amount of money that must be made.

24x + 40y = $166,400             (equation 2)

Now, if we multiply equation 1 by 40, we obtain:

40x + 40y = 240,000          (equation 3)

Now, we obtain by deducting equation 2 from equation 3:(40x + 40y = $240,000) - (24x + 40y = $166,400)

16x = $73,600

x = 73,600/16

x = 4,600

Now, we obtain by changing the value of x in equation 1:

x + y = 6,000

4,600 + y = 6,000

y = 6,000 - 4,600

y=  1,400

As a result, 1800 out of a total of 4200 tickets were sold.

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The money supply is decreased by $5000.

Considering the values given in the question,

Bank reserves = $2000

Reserves fall = $1500

Required reserve ratio = 10%

Lower reserves will decrease money supply.

So,

Decrease in money supply = Decrease in reserves ÷ Required reserve ratio

                                             = $(2000-1500) / 10%

                                             = $500 / 0.1

                                             = $5000

Therefore, The total amount of money is reduced by $5000.

The proportion of deposits that a commercial bank must retain in reserve is known as the required reserve ratio. Money that is being kept in reserve cannot be borrowed or invested. The reserve requirement and reserve deposit ratio are other names for the needed reserve ratio. All American commercial banks' necessary reserve ratios must be established by the Federal Reserve. The statutory reserve ratio aids in ensuring that commercial banks have sufficient reserves to satisfy commitments and consumer withdrawals. Additionally, it encourages a reliable financial system.

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Option C. budgeted balance sheet is not a financial budget system in the given list of budget system.

Budget:

Budget refers an estimate of how much money you'll make and spend over a certain period of time, such as a month or year.

Given,

Her we have the list of budget system.

Now, we need o identify which one is not a financial budget.

In order to find the non financial budget, we must know the definition of financial budget,

Financial budget states that the process of calculating how much money you will earn during a particular period of time, and planning how much you will spend, save, and borrow.

According to this definition, we have identified that the budgeted balance sheet is not a financial budget.

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The correct answer is option D. All the statements about activity-based management are true.

The goal of activity-based management is to maximize the value of activities. The goal of activity-based management is to keep activity expenses as low as possible. The goal of activity-based management is to improve processes.

ABM is a method of determining a company's profitability by reviewing each aspect of its operations to identify strengths and weaknesses. ABM is used to help management determine which areas of the firm are losing money so that they can be rectified or removed completely.

ABM is a method of examining and evaluating a company's business activities using activity-based costing and value-chain analysis. In other words, the ABM approach is used to compare the cost of an activity to the value delivered by the activity, with the purpose of improving operational and/or strategic performance.

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The year with the better fixed asset turnover ratio was 2020.

The fixed asset turnover ratio is calculated as:

= Revenue / Fixed assets For 2020 it was:

= 117,000 / 380,000 = 47%

In 2021 it was: = 100,000 / 360,000 = 28%

How to calculate fixed asset turnover ratio?

The efficiency with which a business may use its long-term fixed asset base (PP&E) to produce income is gauged by the fixed asset turnover ratio.

Like the total asset turnover ratio, the fixed asset turnover ratio measures how effectively a corporation uses its assets (and producing sales).

The difference is that only long-term fixed assets, such as property, plant, and equipment (PP&E), are included in the fixed asset turnover ratio formula as opposed to both current and non-current assets.

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We can conclude that the cheapest cost of such container is $481.40.

A cost is expressed in the price of money that is used to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore.

To find the cost of materials, we should determine the amount of volume with this formula:

V = LWH

L = 2W

where V = volume, L = lenght

so, V = 2WWH

V = 2W²H

The value of the volume is 20 m³, then plug it in the formula below:

V = 2W²H

20 = 2W²H

10 = W²H

H = [tex]\frac{10}{W^{2} }[/tex] .........................................(1)

Thus, we determine the surface area using this formula:

A = Base + 2 x Sides1 + 2 x sides 2

To determine the cost, we have this function

C = 10 x Base + 6 x (2 x Sides1 + 2 x sides 2)

C = 10 x LW + 6 x (2 x WH + 2 x LH) ........................(2)

Because of L = 2W, then substitute it to the equation-2 below

C = 10 x 2WW + 6 x (2 x WH + 2 x 2WH)

C = 10 x 2W² + 6 x (2WH + 4WH)

C = 20W² + 6 x (6WH)

C = 20W² + 36WH ..................(3)

Therefore, we substitute equation-1 to equation 3

C = 20W² + 36WH

C = 20W² + 36W[tex](\frac{10}{W^{2} } )[/tex]

C = 20W² + [tex]\frac{360}{W}[/tex] .........(4)

After that, determine Differentiate equation-4,

C' = 40 W - [tex]\frac{360}{W^{2} }[/tex]

Set it to 0:

40 W - [tex]\frac{360}{W^{2} }[/tex] = 0

40 W =  [tex]\frac{360}{W^{2} }[/tex]

divide both rights and left sides with 40

W =   [tex]\frac{90}{W^{2} }[/tex]

W³ = 90

W = 4.48

After we find the value of W, then we substitute it for equation-4

C = 20W² + [tex]\frac{360}{W}[/tex]

C = 20 (4.48)² +  [tex]\frac{360}{4.48}[/tex]

C = 401.4 + 80.36

C = 481.40

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You debit the amortization expense account and credit the intangible asset for the amount of the annual amortization expense when recording it. A debit appears on one side of an accounting record.

A debit raises the balances of assets and expenses while lowering the balances of revenue, net worth, and liabilities.

Cost of patent = $120000

Valuable life = 10 years

Amortization cost = cost of patent/valuable life

= $120000/10 years

= $12000

Amortization cost for quite some time = $12000*6/12 = $6000

Diary passage:

Charge for amortization from Dr to Patent account Cr is $6,000$6000 (Six-month amortization expense has been recorded)

Depreciation is the asset's loss in value over time, while amortization is the method used to reduce the asset's cost over time. This knowledge aids in better comprehending the purchase's financial implications and saves time, effort, and money.

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46,380 would be the Annual Installment Payment on november 1, 2020, norwood borrows $200,000 cash from a bank by signing a five-year installment note bearing 8% interest.

Given information

Norwood borrows $200,000 installment cash from bank by signing a five-year installment note bearing 8% interest on November 1, 2019 Annual Installment Payment

Equal annual payments is $50,091 paid on October 31 each year.

Amortizarion Schedule for this installment note

Date Annual Installment Payment Interest on note Repayment of note Note Payable

(A) (B) (C ) (D) = (B) - (C ) (E )

01/11/2019 $ $ $ $200,000

31/10/2020 50,091 16,000 ($200,000 * 8%) 34,091 165,909 ($200,000 - $34,091)

31/10/2021 50,091 13,273 ($165,909 * 8%) 36,818 129,091 ($165,909 - $36,818)

31/10/2022 50,091 10,327 ($129,091 * 8%) 39,764 89,327 ($129,091 - $39,764)

31/10/2023 50,091 7,146 42,945 46,382 ($89327 - $42,945)

31/10/2024 50,091 3,711 46,380 2* (*Rounded to Zero)

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Adjusting journal entries are prepared from the adjustments columns of a work sheet  statements is correct regarding a work sheet and the adjustment process.

journal entries is the process of changing one's behavior to establish a positive rapport with one's surroundings. According to Santrock, adjustment is a constant process through which a person seeks to alter his surroundings or alters his own behavior in response to the requirement for adaptability. Amount adjustment in economics is the process by which a market excess results in a reduction in the quantity supplied or a market shortfall results in an increase in the quantity supplied.

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Before approving write-offs, a responsible officer must first take into account the suggestions of the finance department and any pertinent facts.

A write-off is a legal accounting method that deducts funds from a liabilities account while also reducing the value of an asset. When seeking to account for unmet loan obligations, missing receivables, or loss on held items, businesses most often utilize it in the strictest sense.

Expenses incurred when running a business can be subtracted from profits utilizing business tax write-offs, which will ultimately reduce your tax liability. The precise calculation and recording of corporation tax write-offs will result from careful income tax planning and regular recordkeeping.

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The paper will cost $18.9 for printing the reports

Any expenses you incur because of your printer are considered printing costs. This includes the price of your printers, the price of your ink and paper for printing, as well as the price of other printer supplies.

Number of pages in the long year-end report = 164 pages

Number of copies required = 15 copies

Total pages required to be printed = 164*15 = 2460 pages

Cost of a ream of 500 pages = $3.78

So, for 2460 we will require = 2460/500 = 4.92 or 5 reams of paper

Cost of printing the report= 5*3.78 = $18.9

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The implementation of an ABC Costing gadget provides you increased manipulate of your organization's costs.

This methodology develops tracing and allocation fashions that pick out the allocation of costs related to each undertaking with precision as properly as how they have an effect on your company's profitability.

Activity-based costing provides a more correct approach of product/service costing, main to greater accurate pricing decisions. It will increase appreciation of overheads and fee drivers; and makes high-priced and non-value adding things to do more visible, permitting managers to minimize or remove them.

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According to the rule of demand, as a good's price drops, so does the quantity that is sought for.

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An education company is providing visual assets for its app marketing. The three recommendations they should follow to optimize their image asset mix are as follows: Include broad borders to improve image clarity.

A business, abbreviated as co., is a legal body that represents an association of persons, whether natural, legal, or a combination of the two, with a specified goal. Members of the company work together to attain certain, stated goals. Companies can take several shapes. A business can be formed as a legal person so that the company itself has limited responsibility as members perform or fail to perform their duties in accordance with the publicly stated incorporation or published policy. When a firm closes, it may need to be liquidated in order to avoid ongoing legal liabilities.

Corporations can form alliances and register as new companies as a group; the resulting entities are generally referred to as corporate groups.

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Economists agree that a monopolistically competitive market structure benefits consumers because firms produce products that appeal to a wide range of consumer tastes.

An economist is a professional who studies the production and consumption of products and services in an economy. They use this information to help businesses and governments make decisions about economic policy.

A consumer is someone who buys goods and services. They are the ones who drive the economy by demand for goods and services. Economists use a variety of methods to study the economy and how it works. They may use surveys, experiments, or mathematical models.

Hence, "First" is the correct option.

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Due to the direct relationship between price and revenue for inelastic items, raising the price of these goods will raise the company's revenue.

The total revenue rises as a result of the higher price and constant quantity required for an inelastic commodity when the price is raised and the demand does not change. Price increases do, however, often result in a modest decline in quantity sought.

A one percent change in price for an inelastic good causes a less than one percent change in the quantity demanded. Total revenue will increase when an inelastic good's price is raised, while total revenue will decrease when its price is lowered.

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Misstatement of age is the provision of her life insurance contract which states that her benefits will be what her premium would have bought if she had been truthful about her age.

A life insurance policy is a contract with an insurance company. In exchange for regular payments, the company agrees to pay a lump sum to your beneficiaries if you die. The idea is to help your loved ones cover expenses like funeral costs and everyday living expenses if you're no longer around to provide for them.

It is important to make sure you understand the contract before you sign on the dotted line - there's no point in having life insurance if your beneficiaries won't actually receive the death benefit.

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Alpha corp can issue senior debt of more than $25 Million.

According to the question, it is already given that Alpha Corp. is prohibited from issuing more senior debt unless net tangible assets exceed 200% of senior debt. Therefore Alpha Corp. Can issue debt only half of the net tangible asset.  Alpha Corp. has net tangible assets of $250 Million. Therefore Alpha can issue 50% of $250 million as a senior debt which is $125 Million. Because at $125 million of senior debt Alpha is meeting the requirement of 200% of the net tangible asset. Additional further senior debt can be issued = total senior debt can be issued - existing senior debt additional further senior debt can be issued = $125 million - $100 million. Hence additional further senior debt can be issued = $25 Million.

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Feature detectors transmit data to supercell clusters, which process complex patterns in other cortical regions. The best example of parallel processing is the capacity to consider the pitch, loudness, melody, and meaning of a song at the same time.

The cochlear implant is a high-tech active implantable medical device consisting of a transducer that transforms acoustic signals into electrical signals that stimulate the auditory nerve.1 These signals are processed by the different parts that make up the cochlear implant, some of the which are placed inside the skull and others outside. It helps people to listen and can be used for people who are deaf or hard of hearing. It is not the same as a hearing aid, as it is surgically implanted and works differently.

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Initially when the graphs of the Average product of labor and Marginal product of labor are straight lines which shows that both the Average and Marginal product increase with the increase in labor.

Marginal product is the additional output that is generated by an additional worker. With a second worker, production increases by 5, and with the third worker, it increases by 6. When these workers are added, the marginal product increases.

The MP curve initially increases, reaches its maximum, and then declines. the AP curve also shows a similar trend as the MP. It rises, reaches its maximum, and then falls. At the point where AP reaches its maximum, AP = MP.

The law of diminishing marginal returns states that as successive amounts of the variable input, i.e., labor,  are added to a fixed amount of other resources, i.e., capital,  in the production process the marginal contribution of the additional variable resource will eventually decline.  As the marginal product begins to fall but remains positive, the total product continues to increase but at a decreasing rate. As long as the marginal product of a worker is greater than the average product, computed by taking the total product divided by the number of workers, the average product will rise.

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She is using non-revolving credit if a consumer is making monthly payments of $250 to pay off a car loan.

Non-revolving credit is a type of credit that includes loans like student loans, personal loans, and mortgages that you repay in one single payment. In contrast to revolving debt, you are not continuously adding to the debt's original balance. You are no longer obligated to the creditor once the loan is repaid.

Non-revolving credit often has a fixed payback schedule and lower interest rates because it is typically used for a particular purpose, like a college or car loan.

With non-revolving credit, you might have more purchasing power because you can be approved for larger sums of money based on your credit score and other variables.

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The contribution margin ratio is calculated using the following formula: Contribution margin ratio: Unit contribution margin/ Unit selling price Here, the Contribution margin ratio = 40%, Unit contribution margin = $120, Therefore,40% = $120/ Unit selling price. Unit selling price: $120 /40% Or, Unit selling price = $300

The donation periphery rate is the difference between a company's deals and variable charges, expressed as a chance. The total periphery generated by a reality represents the total earnings available to pay for fixed charges and induce a profit. When used on an individual unit trade, the rate expresses the proportion of profit generated on that specific trade.

The donation periphery should be fairly high since it must be sufficient to also cover fixed charges and executive outflow. Also, the measure is useful for determining whether to allow a lower price in special pricing situations.

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The process of identifying, evaluating, and controlling risks to your company's financial stability is referred to as risk management.

That description is based on the core idea that a company will consider all potential problem areas, consider the best remedies for a difficult situation, and then put measures in place to help keep that risk as as minimal as possible. It also entails resolving a challenging circumstance when it occurs. In order to help entrepreneurs and company executives succeed, this guide will go into the instances and clarify the risk management approaches employed.

For each firm and circumstance, the risk management process can take on a varied appearance. For every new product and strategy, some firms have entire teams devoted to enterprise risk management, with a concentrate on strategic risk, risk assessment, risk profiles, financial planning, and risk planning.

Risk management in the corporate sector is crucial. It's crucial for your success whether you run a huge corporation with a comprehensive risk management procedure and strategic risk management division or a small business with only you and your own internal risk analysis. Your overarching goal should be to make your business as secure as you can, ready for the possibility of a technological, physical, or financial issue.

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The current value of a potential payment stream can be determined using the net present value (NPV) method.In capital budgeting, the NPV is used to compare whether an investment will produce positive cash flow in the future.

How Does Net Present Value Work?

A capital budgeting analysis method used to determine whether a long-term project will be profitable is net present value.The NPV formula is based on comparing an initial investment to a project's future cash flows.

The fact that $1 today is not the same as $1 tomorrow is an important aspect of the NPV formula. A sum of money today is worth more than the same sum of money in the future (assuming positive returns are anticipated) because money today can be used to generate returns in the future.

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Walmart has posted a job description for an open position focused on the following responsibilities, the physical type of organizational resource will this job manages.

responsibilities is the quality of being answerable, accountable, or in charge of something that is under one's management. Environmental, compliance, and customer service responsibilities are just a few of the obligations that all business owners must fulfill.

You are expected to carry out a responsibility. A task you are required to complete could be a responsibility. For instance, your parents anticipate that you will brush your teeth. a piece ofJob, particularly a specific task completed as part of one's daily routine at work or for a predetermined fee: He was given the task of mowing the lawn by her. an editorial position, whether full- or part-time: She was looking for employment. Jobs: Producers, Thinkers, Builders, Improvers, and

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$510.88 is the value of the convertible bond.

a). Current price of the zero coupon bond = par value/(1+9%)^11 = 387.53

If a bond is converted then the converted value is the number of shares upon conversion*current share price = 10*63 = 630

Gain, if converted = 630-387.53 = $242.47

The decision should be to convert the bond.

b). Fair price of the bond = 387.53

Bond price = 476

Value of the option to buy the shares = 476-387.53 = $88.47

c). Fair price of the bond after one year = 1,000/(1+9%)^10 = 422.41

Value of convertible bond = fair price + value of conversion option = 422.41 + 88.47 = $510.88.

A convertible bond is a fixed-income commercial debt security that yields interest payments but can be converted into a destined number of common stock or equity shares. The conversion from the bond to stock can be done at certain times during the bond's life and is generally at the discretion of the bondholder.

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The effective annual rate (ear) of a loan that has monthly payments and an APR of 7.25 percent is 7.50.

The Effective Annual Interest Rate (EAIR) is the interest rate that takes compounding over a given time period into consideration (EAR). Simply explained, the effective annual interest rate is the rate of interest that an investor can earn (or pay) in a year after accounting for compounding.

EAR can be used to calculate the returns on assets like savings accounts and guaranteed investment certificates as well as the interest due on any debt, including loans (GICs).

The annual equivalent rate (AER), effective rate, and effective interest rate are all terms used to refer to the effective annual interest rate. Compared to the APR, which is based on basic interest, this percentage rate is lower.

Calculation:

Given -

7.25% annual rate equals 0.0725

12 is the number of compounding periods (monthly compounding)

The following calculation can be used to get the effective annual rate:

[tex]EAR=(1+\frac{i}{n} )^{n}-1[/tex]

[tex]EAR=(1+\frac{0.0725}{12} )^{12} - 1[/tex]

Or,

Annual Effective Rate = 7.50

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