which phase of mitosis is characterized by each pair of sister chromatids moving to opposite sides of the cell?(1 point) responses prophase

Type of blood vessel cells in the tunica media layer produce vasoconstriction or dilation of blood vessels are Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs).

Blood vessels are channels that deliver blood during your body. They form a closed loop, like a circuit, that starts offevolved and ends at your coronary heart. Collectively, the coronary heart vessels and blood vessels shape your circulatory device. Your body incorporates approximately 60,000 miles of blood vessels.

Vessels shipping vitamins to organs/tissues and to transport wastes faraway from organs/tissues within the blood. A primary reason and sizeable role of the vasculature is its participation in oxygenating the body.

There are five instructions of blood vessels: arteries and arterioles (the arterial machine), veins and venules (the venous system), and capillaries (the smallest bloods vessels, linking arterioles and venules through networks within organs and tissues) .

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The relationship among homeostasis, defective mitochondria and the symptoms caused by LHON is the following:

The power center of the cell, the mitochondria are also involved in homeostasis, the maintenance of a stable internal environment even in the face of variations in the external environment.

Mitochondrial diseases can be caused by inherited mutations in mitochondrial DNA or defects in the proteins responsible for regulating mitochondrial division, affecting the body's homeostasis.

Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) is the first disease associated with a mutation in the mitochondrial genome, specifically it produces the specific degradation of neurons involved in sending information from the eye to the brain (RGC).

This disease is caused almost entirely by three mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

The first symptoms are blurred vision, with unilateral or bilateral onset, which over time affects and / or worsens in both eyes, with loss of visual acuity and color vision.

Vision loss is painless and is caused by degeneration of the optic nerve, specifically of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC).

Therefore, we can conclude that LHON is a disease associated with a mutation in the mitochondrial genome affecting the body's homeostasis.

An intracranial stenosis is a narrowing of the blood arteries in the scalp that reduces the oxygen supply to the brain.

A narrowing of the arteries within the brain is known as intracranial stenosis. It is brought on by a buildup of plaque in the blood vessel's inner wall, just like carotid stenosis in the neck. The part of the brain that the damaged veins serve has less blood flow as a result of the blood vessels' constriction.

Your body's defenses begin to build during the alarm stage, when your central nervous system is awakened. A fight-or-flight reaction is produced at this SOS stage. During the resistance stage, your body starts to heal and restore normal heart rate, blood pressure, etc.

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The extinct species of the genus Homo, Homo floresiensis, offered an insight into the time of hominoid evolution.

The crown ape's predecessor may have been a frugivorous, suspensory, tropical forest ape based on similarities to hominins. It is believed that Pan and the gorilla shared an ancestor. As a result, it is likely that the chimpanzees and humans shared a Pan-like progenitor that lived in Late Miocene Africa.

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In molecular biology, a vector is a DNA molecule that is used as a vehicle to transfer foreign genetic material into another cell.

The four major types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes.A vector is a living organism that spreads infectious agents from infected animal to infected animal. Arthropod vectors include mosquitoes, ticks, flies, fleas, and lice. The haematophagous arthropod definition, which defines vectors solely as blood-feeding arthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, tsetse flies, and biting midges, is similar. Vector quantities include displacement, acceleration, force, momentum, weight, the speed of light, a gravitational field, current, and so on.

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Bacteria may regulate their gene expression in response to their population density through quorum sensing (QS) regulation.

Although their production level can also be altered by the environment, the bacteria create signaling molecules that build up during particular phases of development.

Bacteria employ the generation and detection of extracellular substances known as autoinducers, a kind of cell-cell communication known as quorum sensing, to track the density of their population of cells. Quorum sensing enables bacteria to coordinate their collective gene expression and operate as a single unit.

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Genes that are close together on the same chromosome tend to be transmitted together.

Independent collection of alleles of the genes throughout anaphase-I of meiosis-I calls for that the genes ought to be gift on exceptional chromosomes. The genes which might be gift at the equal chromosomes deviate from the impartial collection. These intently located genes are referred to as related genes. They circulate from one era to subsequent collectively and do segregate randomly. This outcomes withinside the era of extra percentage of the parental kinds withinside the progeny. The related genes can be gift on each autosomes and intercourse chromosomes.

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A sequence of biotic changes that regenerate or create an ecological community is known as ecological succession.

Ecological succession is the process of change in an ecological community's species composition over time. The time frame can span several decades or fewer (for instance, following a wildfire). The community grows through an increase in complexity from a small number of pioneering plants and animals to a stable or self-sustaining climax community.

Succession is a process that occurs after a disturbance or the early colonization of a new environment. It involves changes to an ecological community that are more or less predictable and orderly. Secondary succession refers to succession that occurs after a pre-existing community has been disrupted, whereas primary succession refers to succession that starts in new environments with no impact from pre-existing groups.

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The adrenal medulla is different from the remainder of the sympathetic division because neurohormones, not as neurotransmitters.

The medulla is the inner part of the adrenal gland and is concerned with the production of epinephrine and norepinephrine. The adrenal medulla is a glandular extension of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. When the sympathetic nervous system is activated in response to stress or threat, the medulla oblongata releases two substances, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, into the bloodstream. Each stimulates a target organ in the same way, but adrenaline is removed from the bloodstream more slowly and its effects last longer, increasing the metabolic rate to produce more energy.

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Answer:

I believe B

Explanation:

in the nucleus is where transcription occurs aka DNA converted to RNA codons.

Answer: D

Explanation:

Answer:

A. while at the highest point in the air

Explanation:

because the diver is at a more higher point. that gives the diver potential energy

Using the theories of vitamins, we got vitamin d is necessary for absorption of calcium and phosphate ions.

Vitamin D is actually a fat-soluble vitamin in a family of compounds that includes vitamins D1, D2, and D3.

Your body produces vitamin D naturally when it’s directly exposed to the  sunlight. You can also get vitamin D from certain foods and the supplements to ensure adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.

Vitamin D has various important functions. Perhaps it is the  most vital are regulating the absorption of calcium and the phosphorus and facilitating normal immune system function (1).

Getting enough vitamin D is important for the typical growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as it improved resistance to certain diseases.

Hence, vitamin D is necessary for absorption of calcium and phosphate ions.

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Cation ligand-gated channels are the proteins that interact with the released chemical to cause the electrical signal in the muscle cell.

Neurotransmitters are chemical signals released in the cleft when a nerve impulse arrives at the neuromuscular junction. A ligand-gated cation channel opens as a result of these chemical signals binding to the motor endplate's receptor. The receptor contains these channels. Cations, specifically Na+, can flow across the membrane by opening ion channels. A muscle action potential is sparked by the introduction of cations, which increases the positive charge of the muscle fiber's interior. acetylcholine is found in motor neuron synaptic vesicles at a neuromuscular junction.

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(complete question)

At the neuromuscular junction, an electrical signal from the motor neuron is translated to a chemical signal and then back to an electrical signal in the muscle cell. What proteins interact with the released chemical to cause the electrical signal in the muscle cell?

a.Sodium voltage-gated channels

b.Potassium ligand-gated channels

c.Cation ligand-gated channels

d.Calcium mechanical-gated channels

During each energy conversion that happens in a living organism, some of the energy dissipates as heat.

In almost all of the reaction that takes place in an organism, some of the energy is released as heat. An exothermic process will always release heat.

Almost all of the reactions that occur in our body lose energy in the form of heat.

The level of dissipation of heat depends on various factors such as the temperature, the reaction that is occurring, etc. If a reaction is a high-intensity one, more energy will be lost as heat.

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The exact cause of a fibroadenoma is unknown. It is assumed that it happens as a result of increased oestrogen sensitivity.

A fibroadenoma is typically felt as a smooth, moveable lump in the breast that is felt to be present. Although fibroadenomas are typically painless, they can occasionally feel tender or even painful, especially right before a period. lobules (milk-producing glands) and ducts make up the breasts. These have glandular, fibrous, and fatty tissue covering them. This tissue determines the size and shape of the breasts.

A lobule is the source of fibroadenomas. A substantial lump is created by the glandular tissue and ducts growing over the lobule.

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The slant cultures do not die out quickly as compared to the broth cultures because the metabolic waste is formed very slowly and bacteria cannot get adequate nutrition.

Why slant culture do not die as quickly as broth culture?

The slant cultures do not die out quickly as compared to the broth cultures because metabolic waste builds up slowly and bacteria cannot derive adequate nutrition. Food and metabolic waste gradually diffuse in the slant culture and create less complications than broth cultures.

Broth cultures is a way for scientists to grow and maintain the cultures of bacteria and they are also useful for bacteria that have been in stressful experiment.

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Endocrine glands have composed of cells that produce hormones and secrete them into the bloodstream.

Endocrine glands are also known as hormone-producing glands.  These glands are scattered in various parts of the body and have their respective roles in regulating organ systems.  Therefore, their health needs to be maintained in order to function normally.

1. Pituitary Gland

The pituitary gland is a small gland located at the base of the brain.  Despite its small size, the function of this gland is very large in the endocrine system.  This gland is considered the 'leader' of all endocrine glands, as it can produce various hormones that regulate the functions of other endocrine glands.

2. Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland produces the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) which are responsible for regulating the body's metabolic processes.  In addition, this hormone also plays a role in the formation of bone tissue, body temperature regulation, and the development of the brain and nervous system.

3. Parathyroid glands

This gland releases parathyroid hormone which plays a role in regulating calcium levels in the blood.  The task of this hormone is assisted by the hormone calcitonin which is produced by the thyroid gland.

4. Adrenal glands

The adrenal glands are divided into two parts, namely the cortex and the medulla.  The cortex is responsible for producing steroid hormones that regulate metabolism, the immune system, the body's response to stress, and the development and function of sexual organs.

Meanwhile, the medulla plays a role in producing the hormone epinephrine or adrenaline to increase blood pressure and heart rate.

5. Pancreatic gland

The pancreas gland produces two hormones, namely the hormone glucagon and the hormone insulin.  Glucagon functions to store and increase blood sugar levels, while insulin functions to lower blood sugar levels.

6. Reproductive glands

The male reproductive glands or testes are located in the testicles or scrotum, while the female reproductive glands, the ovaries or ovaries, are located in the pelvis.

The testes produce the hormone testosterone to produce sperm, while the ovaries produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone which play a role in supporting pregnancy and regulating the process of ovulation and menstruation.

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Untreated pernicious anemia is fatal because of : c)heart failure. Hence, option c) is correct.

Pernicious anemia is one of the causes of vitamin B12 deficiency. This is an autoimmune condition that prevents body from absorbing vitamin B12.  When it is left untreated, pernicious anemia can lead to serious medical issues including irreversible damage to your nervous system

Before medical researchers found a cure, pernicious anemia was a a fatal disease that caused overwhelming fatigue and breathlessness with the slightest movement.

And the body does not produce enough red blood cells to carry oxygen because the digestive system does not absorb vitamin B-12  properly from food.

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Chromosomes align in the cell equator occurs at the metaphase stage.

Mitosis is the process of cell division into two daughter cells with identical DNA base pairs. Mitosis takes place in four stages namely prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

In the second stage of mitosis, namely the metaphase stage when the nuclear membrane is gone, so the chromosomes come out of the nucleus and are aligned in the the equator cell. Chromosomes are in the densest state so that they are shorter and thicker and the chromatids repel each other, each attached to the opposite end of the fiber.

.

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When a human donor gives a pint of blood, it usually requires 7 weeks for the body RESERVE of red corpuscles to be replaced.

Red blood cells, also referred to as red cells, red blood corpuscles, haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.

Moreover, red blood cells carry oxygen from our lungs to the rest of our bodies. Then they make the return trip, taking carbon dioxide back to our lungs to be exhaled.

Therefore, blood and lymph cells are both considered to be corpuscles because they are suspended in liquid within the body. Sometimes the word is used to mean simply "a small piece of something,".

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An example of facilitated diffusion is protein channels embedded in the cell membrane helping large molecules enter the cell. So, the correct answer will be option (c).

The type of diffusion where the molecules move or transfer from a higher concentrated region to a lower concentrated region with the help of a carrier agent is generally known as Facilitated diffusion. Since facilitated diffusion is a type of passive diffusion, it does not need or use energy. Factors, such as the size of the molecules, temperature, diffusion distance, concentration, etc., take part in affecting facilitated diffusion. Some more examples of facilitated diffusion include Ion channels, Glucose transporter, Aquaporins, and so on.

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The major floral components are the male stamen and the female pistil. The flower is an empty organ from the stamen to the blank. Anthers and filaments make up the stamen's two components.

The top-most anther and the stalk and filament that supports it are together referred to as the stamens, which are the male components of the flower. The pistil is the name for all of the feminine components. Stigma is the name for the sticky, pollen-receptive portion of the pistil that sits on top.

Flowering plants have stamens as their male reproductive organs. They are made up of an anther, which is where pollen develops, and, in the majority of species, a stalk-like filament that supplies the anther with nutrients and water while positioning it to facilitate pollen dissemination.

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Answer:

Heart muscle cells, heart muscle tissue, heart, circulatory system.

Explanation:

I took the test

Coevolution of plants and insects occur by : a.)either beneficial or antagonistic interactions that result in evolutionary change of both species.

Many animals such as insects have adapted to feeding only on plants with particular defensive chemistry. If the plants have evolved secondary chemistry to avoid insects and insects evolved to handle the plant's chemistry then plant and insect coevolution has occurred

Many cases of coevolution has been found between plants and the insects. The process of reciprocal evolutionary change that occur between pairs of species or among groups of species as they interact with one another is known as Coevolution.

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The six projections gray matter in the cross-section of the spinal cord is called horn.  

The spinal cord is a collection of nerve fibers surrounded by bones, discs, cartilage, ligaments and muscles to protect it from injury and shock due to body movements. When the spinal medulla is cut horizontally, the structure of the spine will be seen in two parts, the gray colored part (subtansia grsea) and the white colored part (subtansia alba).

Gray matter (subtansia grisea) is shaped like a butterfly on the spine. This part includes nerve cells (neurons) and glial cells and also has four 'wings' called horns. The two front horns are called ventral horns and the two rear horns are called dorsal horns. The dorsal and ventral horns are connected to the skeletal muscles. Then there is the lateral horn which works on the autonomic nervous system.

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TRUE-pachycephalosaurs have a frill, or margin of bone that protrudes off the back of the skull.

Pachycephalosaurs, which means "thickheaded lizard" in Greek, was a small family of dinosaurs with an astonishingly high entertainment value. The skulls of these two-legged herbivores ranged from faintly thick to truly dense (in later genera like Stegoceras). It is popular for having a bigger, bone dome a top its skull which was up to 25 cm (10 in) thick and sheltered its tiny brain. The skull was short and had large, rounded eye sockets that faced forward, indicating that the animal had good eyesight and could see in both directions. Pachycephalosaurus had a short muzzle and a pointed beak. The teeth were tiny, with crowns shaped like leaves.

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Answer: I think the immune system due to it being an highway for the immune system and is important for it.

Explanation: Yea i think immune possibly.

Answer:

immune would be the correct answer.

Explanation:

plato

Radial symmetry is a type of symmetry in which the body plan is divisible into identical parts all over a central axis.

Symmetry is a characteristic of assured organisms in which there is regularity in parts on a plane or all over an axis. Radial symmetry is a symmetry in which the sides display correspondence or constancy of parts all over a central axis. It is without left and right sides. On contrary, bilateral symmetry is more usual than radial symmetry.

Relatively fewer animals possess radial symmetry. Some of them are sea stars, sea anemones, jellyfish and sea urchins. In the plant kingdom, though, many flowers are manifesting radial symmetry.

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