0.4 micrometer
0.4 micrometer is the actual size of the insect leg.
When we say we are see through the 40X objective lens that means we are seeing the object 40 times its original size.
Hence 16/40 = 0.4 micrometer
So the original size of the insect leg = 0.4 micrometer.
What is a microscope?Microscope is an optical device that is often magnified several hundred times and used to observe extremely minute things, such as mineral samples or animal or plant cells.
What are the types of microscope?Simple microscope.Compound microscope.Electron microscope.Stereomicroscope.Scanning probe microscope.What is the principle behind microscopy?Microbiology is a branch of science that focuses on microscopic living things that cannot be seen with the bare eye. Naturally, a good compound microscope must be used for such a study. A two-lens system, a changeable yet controllable light source, and mechanically adjustable pieces for adjusting the focal length between the lenses and specimen are the core components of all forms and modifications of the technique.To learn more about microscope visit:
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Leptin acts as a hormone, primarily in the ________.
a. pancreas
b. hypothalamus
c. intestines
d. liver
e. hippocampus
Answer:
b. hypothalamus
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortes is?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH),controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex .
ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids and adrenal androgens. Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, function by maintaining blood glucose levels during fasting, preparing the body during physical and emotional stress, preventing inflammation, and suppressing the immune system.
Glucocorticoids are secreted by the middle region of the adrenal cortex. The principal glucocorticoid is cortisol, which increases blood glucose levels. The third group of steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex is the gonadocorticoids, or sex hormones. These are secreted by the innermost region.
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The major disadvantage of the manual method of lubricating chain drive is ________.
Following are the disadvantages of manual lubrication:
Manual lubrication of chain drives requires safe maintenance and environmental regulations.Manual lubrication does not guarantee an optimal lubrication at the specific location.There remains a risk for the chances of negative productivity and increasing costs.Many machines are difficult to lubricate when in use.Excess lubrication can lead to damage and excess heat formationUnder lubrication can cause higher energy usage and damage to bearings.Learn more about Lubrication, https://brainly.com/question/20338792
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When will there be 2,560 bacteria in the dish?
a) 40 minutes
b) 1 hour 20 minutes
c) 2 hours 40 minutes
d) 3 hours
Calculation :
It is given that in the start there are 5 bacteria and it keeps doubling after every 20 minutes we have to find the number of bacteria after 4 hours
4 hours = 240 minutes
⇒ Number of times the bacteria have doubled = 240÷20 = 12 times
It means the bacteria have doubled by 12 times
⇒Total bacteria = 5×2¹²= 20480
The time when there will be 2560 bacteria
⇒ the bacteria had doubled 9 times to reach the mark of 2560
so total time = 9 ×20= 180 minutes = 3 hours
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Question: There are 5 bacteria in a Petri dish at the start of the experiment. This type of bacteria doubles every 20 minutes
Find the number of bacteria after 4 hours When will there be 2560 bacteria in the dish?The way that neurons communicate is through _____________ _________________ which release _________________ .
The way that neurons communicate is through synaptic vesicles which release neurotransmitters.
What are Neurons?The neurons are the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system.
These neurons are able to communicate to each other through the neurotransmitters that are released by synaptic vesicles.
The neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that carry chemical signals from one neuron to another upon the generation of an action potential.
The synaptic vesicles are the organelles that house these neurotransmitters.
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Why is a pulmonary arterial line not an arterial line in the strictest sense of the word?
The pulmonary arterial line not an arterial line in the strictest sense because it carries systematic venous blood returning to the right side of the heart through the microcirculation of the lungs.
Arteries are the blood vessels which plays pivot role in cardiovascular system in the body. These tube like vessels inside the muscles ensures oxygen and nutrients required in the functioning of tissues and organs.
The pulmonary artery differs from regular artery in the sense that pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood which is venous blood returning to the heart.
The main pulmonary arteries originates in the right side of the heart, and then split into smaller arteries which further divide into arterioles, eventually narrowing into the capillary microcirculation of the lungs where gas exchange occurs and further the oxygenated blood is carried from lungs to rest of the body through the respective arteries.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is? all of these choices are correct. highly chemical resistant. an opportunist that produces many diverse enzymes. motile. found in soil and water
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is highly chemical resistant, an opportunist that produces many diverse enzymes, motile, found in soil and water.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa :A widespread rod-shaped, gram-negative, aerobic-facultatively anaerobic bacterium called Pseudomonas aeruginosa can harm both plants and animals, including humans. P. aeruginosa, a species of significant medical importance, is a multidrug-resistant pathogen known for its widespread distribution, intrinsically sophisticated mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, and association with serious illnesses, including hospital-acquired infections like ventilator-associated pneumonia and various sepsis syndromes.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is positive for oxidase, catalase, and citrate. Around the planet, it is present in most artificial surroundings, water, skin flora, and soil. P. aeruginosa has colonized a variety of natural and man-made habitats because it does well in both normal and low-oxygen atmospheres. It consumes a variety of organic materials for nourishment, and due to its adaptability, it can infect animals with weak immune systems or tissues that have been injured.
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If an individual is heterozygous for two traits how many types of gametes can be produced?
if a individual is heterozygous for 2 traits then it will have 4 gametes
[tex]gametes = 2 {}^{n} \\ gametes = {2}^{2} \\ gametes = 4 \: types[/tex]
A protein that interferes with the ability of a virus to replicate inside a host cell is?
Interferon is the protein which interferes with the ability of a virus to be able to replicate inside a host's cell.
Interferon is a type of a protein which is secreted by the host in response to the viruses which the body encounters. They belong to a class of proteins which are known as cytokines.
When a cell gets infected with virus, it releases interferons. The interferons are able to activate the cells of the immune system like macrophages and the natural killer cells This causes the nearby cells to increase their anti-viral defenses. This helps in the protection of unaffected cells from viral infection.
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The __________ perform(s) the excretory and homeostatic functions of the urinary system.
The kidney perform the excretory and homeostatic functions of the urinary system. Thus, option A is correct.
What is the role of kidney?These are the pair of bean-shaped structure present just below the rib cage. Each kidney is present on each side of the spine.
Beside cleaning the metabolic waste of the body by releasing urine, the principal role is maintaining homeostasis of the body.
They also secrete some hormones like Erythropoietin, activate vitamin D3, renin – angiotensin -prostaglandins.
It also maintain the blood pressure, making red blood cells and maintaining strong bones, maintain salt -water balance of the body.
Hence, option A is correct
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Your question was incomplete. The probable question was
The __________ perform(s) the excretory and homeostatic functions of the urinary system.
A. kidney
B. Ureter
C. Urinary bladder
D. All of the above
The genetic recombination of ________ caused massive, widespread epidemics that affected the global human population several times in the twentieth century.
The genetic recombination of human influenza A caused massive, widespread epidemics that affected the global human population several times in the twentieth century.
What is influenza ?Influenza is a disease caused by virus which is contagious.It is different from a normal cold as it shows severe symptoms than flu.
Influenza is caused by influenza virus and people get infected when they breathe in tiny airborne droplets from the cough or sneezes of infected person.
Outbreaks of influenza A virus occurred in twentieth century.During 1918 influenza pandemic was the most dangerous pandemic.
Therefore, the genetic recombination of human influenza A caused massive, widespread epidemics that affected the global human population several times in the twentieth century.
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Different nutrients become incorporated into the cell. What becomes part of the cell membrane?
A. Fats and Carbohydrates
B. Amino Acids and Carbohydrates
C. Proteins and Fats
D. Proteins and Water
abc or d with a simple explanation
Answer: B
Explanation:
The parts that are part of the cell membrane are Proteins and Fats. The correct option is C.
What is a cell membrane?The cell membrane is the outer covering of the cell that separates the internal cell from the outer environment. A semipermeable lipid bilayer makes up the cell membrane. The movement of materials into and out of the cell is controlled by the cell membrane.
The cell membrane is made up of two components, they are proteins and fats. Fats have hydrophobic ends that do not dissolve in water, and they give strength to the membrane.
Protein is of two types that are present in the cell membrane. They are integral membrane protein, which is present permanently, and peripheral membrane protein, which is present at some point in the membrane.
Thus, the correct option is C. Proteins and Fats.
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What types of biomolecules do you hypothesize are present in your unknown sample?
Lipids of biomolecules hypothesize are present in the unknown sample.Lipids that contain for testing then it will react to the added chemical by changing colors.
The bio-molecules which included carbohydrates, lipids, protein and nucleic acids. All these are used by cells and often obtained through foods we eat.The presence of proteins may be determined by mixing solution with biuret test solution /reagents.
Test solution is mixture of copper ion (Cu2+) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). It is an organic molecule that includes carbohydrate , protein and nucleic acids. Important for the survival of living cells. Protein is the primary building materials of the human body like skin, hairs, muscles and organs are all composed of proteins.
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Chris and his friends go swimming in a local river. Afterward, his friends break out with a rash, but he does not. The group soon discovers the river has toxins in it from a nearby factory. Chris's doctor determines that Chris did not react to the toxin because his daily medication combined with the toxin to stop the reaction. Which statement best explains why Chris did not get a rash from the water, but his friends did?
a Chris's reaction is chronic and has a synergistic relationship with the toxin.
b Chris's medication has an antagonistic relationship with the toxin in the water.
c His friend's reaction is acute and reveals an antagonistic relationship with the toxin.
d Chris's medication has a synergistic relationship with the toxin in the water.
The best explanation for Chris's lack of a rash from the water was that his prescription has an antagonistic relationship with the toxin in the water. Option B would be that.
What exactly is drug-drug interaction?Drug-drug interaction is determined by the relationship that develops between two drugs when they are administered concurrently or concurrent.
An antagonistic relationship is a relationship that exists between two drugs that have opposing impact on the body.
Here, Chris's medication has an antagonistic relationship with the toxin in the water.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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An important tool of genetic engineering is ________ dna, which is dna altered by the incorporation of genes from a different organism.
An important tool of genetic engineering is recombinant DNA, which is DNA altered by the incorporation of genes from a different organism.
The modification and manipulation of an organism's genes through technology are known as genetic engineering, often referred to as genetic modification or genetic manipulation. It is a collection of technologies used to alter cells' genetic make-up, including the movement of genes between and within species to create better or entirely new organisms.
Recombinant DNA techniques are used to isolate and copy the genetic material of interest, while artificial DNA synthesis is used to create new DNA. Paul Berg combined DNA from the lambda virus and the SV40 monkey virus in 1972 to create the first recombinant DNA molecule.
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What cell structures and pigments are involved in photosynthesis? (check all that apply).
Cell structure like Chloroplasts are involved in Photosynthesis and Primarily Chlorophyll-a Pigment is involved in Photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a process of converting light energy into chemical energy to produce sugar required for the survival of life on this planet.
It involves Cell structures like Chloroplasts containing the stroma, grana and the thylakoids. Chloroplasts is a double membrane bound structure containing ribosomes. It is green in color and is responsible for trapping of light energy through the two reaction centres present in it namely PSI and PSII.
Pigments involved in Photosynthesis:
Chlorophyll-a: Primary pigment which forms a Part of Reaction centre Chlorophyll-b CarotenoidsXanthophyllsChlorophyll-b, Carotenoids and Xanthophylls form a part of Light Harvesting Complex (LHC), i.e. they trap the light energy and pass it towards the Reaction Centre.
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For every one nadh molecule oxidized at complex i, how many total hydrogen ions are pumped across all of the complexes from the mitochondrial matrix to the inner membrane space?.
For every one NADH molecule oxidized at complex I, 10 HYDROGEN IONS are pumped across all of the complexes from the mitochondrial matrix to the inner membrane space
Cellular respiration has three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
What is Oxidative phosphorylation ?During oxidative phosphorylation, the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) helps to carry electrons from one reaction to another across a series of molecular complexes.
The electron transport chain of oxidative phosphorylation is coupled to the generation of an electrochemical proton (H+) gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane.Subsequently, this proton H+ gradient is then used to produce ATP by an ATP synthetase.Learn more about Oxidative phosphorylation here:
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Why does venous return from the distal arm travels in the superficial veins and those veins tend to bulge superficially in a person who is working out?
Blood distribution is adjusted by a short-term neural control mechanism to meet specific demands. During working out, the hypothalamus signals for reduced vasomotor stimulation of the skin vessels. Blood moves into the capillary veins, and heat radiates from the skin to reduce body temperature.
VeinsAll over your body, veins are blood vessels that collect blood with low oxygen content and send it back to your heart. Your circulatory system includes your veins. They cooperate with your heart, other blood vessels, and other organs to maintain blood flow. Most of your body's blood is stored in veins. Your veins actually contain around 75% of your blood. Veins have two basic functions. One function is to gather blood that is low in oxygen throughout your body and transport it back to your heart. The other function is to transport blood that is rich in oxygen from your lungs to your heart. Only during this process do veins transport oxygen-rich blood.
Why does venous return from the distal arm travels in the superficial veins and those veins tend to bulge superficially in a person who is working out?
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What are the two major modes of glycolysis and what is the purpose of each mode?
The two major modes of glycolysis are aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis.
Glycolysis is the method by which glucose is broken down to produce energy. It generates two pyruvate molecules, ATP, NADH, and water. There is no need for oxygen throughout the process, which occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell.
Both anaerobic and aerobic conditions can result in glycolysis.
Pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle under aerobic conditions and proceeds through oxidative phosphorylation, which results in the net synthesis of 32 ATP molecules. Pyruvate is converted to lactate in anaerobic conditions by anaerobic glycolysis. During anaerobic respiration, two ATP molecules are produced.
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Lab mice are bred such that every mouse is literally a clone of any other mouse. Yet, resilience arises regularly in a fraction of the mice during CSDS studies. If they're all clones, but we always find a resilient population, what does that say about how resilience works?
You may heard of the term mutation. Even during cloning, which is done by the process of DNA replication. Certain agents referred to as mutagens bring about changes in the chromosomal constitution, or how certain genes are arranged on the chromosome. Some physical factors include X rays and gamma rays, while some chemical factors include EMS and nitrogenous gases.
Which component of the urinary system is more lateral the left kidney or the urinary bladder?
The left kidney is more lateral than urinary bladder.
The directional terms help in determining the position of the joints with respect to the attachment to the body. the kidney is laterally placed while the bladder is in the midline of the body.Directional language is used to describe the locations of body limbs with respect to other structures or parts of the body.
• To denote if a limb is placed upwards in the body near the head, the word superior or cranial is used. For example, the hand is a part of superior limbs i.e., its near the head.
• To denote if a limb is placed far from the head the words inferior or subordinate: (for example, the foot is inferior to the head)
• To denote if a limb is placed at the front, Frontal or Anterior is used (for example, the kneecap is frontal to the body)
• To denote if a limb is placed at the back, words back, posterior, or dorsal are used (for example, the shoulder blades and the collar bones)
• To denote if a limb is placed referring to the midline of the body or in its direction the word medial is used (for example, the middle toe with respect to foot).
• To denote if a limb is placed distant from the body's midline, the word lateral is used. For instance, the little toe is lateral to the midline of the body)
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What is an Electrocardiogram used for?
Electrocardiogram is simply used to
help diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the heart
So therefore, electrocardiogram is used to check your heart's rhythm and electrical activity
What is electrocardiogram?An electrocardiogram (ECG) simply refers to a test that can be used to check your heart's rhythm and electrical activity.
Electrocardiogram is simply used to
help diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the heart
So therefore, electrocardiogram is simply used to help diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the heart
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PLEASE HELP:
Lungs take in and release air.
Which statement about lungs shows how structure is related to function?
A. Lungs are large and spongy.
B. Lungs are small and spongy.
C. Lungs are large and rigid.
D. Lungs are small and hollow.
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
as I read the statement I could easily imagine a small hollow bag like thing. for imaginig spongy shape I might need more details and taking in and releasing out makes imagine something a pump or similiar.
The statement that shows how structure is related to function in lungs is option A, "Lungs are large and spongy."
What is the structure of lungs?The large size and spongy texture of lungs provide a large surface area for gas exchange to occur. The alveoli, tiny air sacs within the lungs, are where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and the bloodstream.
The spongy texture of lungs allows for the expansion and contraction needed to facilitate breathing, as well as the movement of air into and out of the alveoli. Therefore, the size and texture of the lungs are important features that enable them to carry out their critical functions of taking in and releasing air.
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What factors would change during a pregnancy if the hormone progesterone were reduced or withdrawn?
If the hormone progesterone were reduced or withdrawn the uterus would contract more and peristalsis would increase.
Progesterone levels are generally high during pregnancy. The changes in progesterone cause a laxity or loosening of ligaments and joints throughout the body. In addition, high levels of progesterone cause internal structures to increase in size, such as the ureters. In normal pregnancies, at about seven weeks the placenta will make all the progesterone needed for a woman to stay pregnant. Progesterone plays an important role in the development of the fetus it also helps in growth of maternal breast tissue ,facilitate lactation, and strengthens the pelvic wall muscles in preparation for labor.
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The centrosome replicates during the s phase and begins to separate during the ______
The centrosome replicates during the s phase and begins to separate during the M phase.
What does the M phase stand for?
mitosis
M stands for mitosis. This is where the cell actually partitions the two copies of the genetic material into the two daughter cells. After M phase completes, cell division occurs and two cells are left, and the cell cycle can begin again.What happens during the M phase?
When a cell is in the M phase, it divides, first through nuclear division (mitosis), then through cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis). The DNA is replicated in the earlier S phase, and cohesins keep each replicated chromosome's two copies (known as sister chromatids) bound to one another.What is happening at the S phase and the M phase?
In the eukaryotic cell cycle, chromosome duplication occurs during "S phase" (the phase of DNA synthesis) and chromosome segregation occurs during "M phase" (the mitosis phase).
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As electrons fall from photosystem ii to photosystem i, the cytochrome complex uses the energy to pump ions. this builds a proton gradient that is used in chemiosmosis to produce what molecule?
As electrons fall from photosystem ii to photosystem i, the cytochrome complex uses the energy to pump ions. this builds a proton gradient that is used in chemiosmosis to produce ATP.
In plants and cyanobacteria, a two-step mechanism known as noncyclic photophosphorylation results in the direct production of ATP and NADPH during photosynthesis. High-energy electrons exiting photosystem II are used in the noncyclic photophosphorylation process just outlined to produce ATP, which is then transferred to photosystem I to promote the creation of NADPH.
For every pair of electrons that move from H2O to NADP+ to create a molecule of NADPH, this results in the production of slightly more than one molecule of ATP.
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What was an unexpected consequence of the green revolution? a. the overuse of fertilizer lead to reduced crop yields over time. b. crop yields were increased. c. modern agricultural techniques were implemented. d. new crop varieties were developed. please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
The correct answer is A
Explanation:
A. the overuse of fertilizer lead to reduced crop yields over time.
Answer:
I also think the answer is A
Resting membrane potential depends on: i. differential distribution of ions across the axon membrane ii. the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels iii. active transport of ions across the membrane
Resting membrane potential depends on differential distribution of ions across the axon and active transport of ions across the membrane.
What is resting membrane potential?Resting membrane potential is the static potential difference between the inside of the cell to outside due to the differential distribution of ions on both side of the membrane.It is due to uneven distribution of ions, differential permeability of membrane to the ions and the activity of ion channels like Na+ and K+ channel.During the resting membrane potential, a cell is at rest and does not carry any signal.The value of resting membrane potential varies in different cell types.In a typical nerve cell, value of resting membrane potential is -70mV.When the cells are excited, membrane potential changes drastically for few milliseconds and is called action potential.Learn more about resting membrane potential here:
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The anterior pituitary receives hypothalamic input through the portal blood supply. what is the advantage of this type of anatomical relationship?
The advantage of this type of anatomical relationship is that this enables the pituitary to receive signals before sending hormones to the rest of the body through the blood.
The anterior pituitary, a significant component of the endocrine system, is the glandular anterior lobe that, along with the posterior lobe (also known as the posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis), constitutes the pituitary gland (hypophysis).
Stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation are just a few of the physiological activities that the anterior pituitary controls.
Blood tests that assess hormone levels are frequently used to determine if the anterior pituitary and the organs it controls are functioning properly.
The hypothalamus-hypophyseal portal veins deliver hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones directly to the anterior pituitary gland.
Certain hormones from the hypothalamus bind to receptors on particular anterior pituitary cells, controlling how much of the hormone they generate is released.
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URGENT!!! How does body weight affect bone density?
Answer:
Explanation: Body weight is directly associated with bone mineral density (BMD). A low body mass index (BMI) has been identified as an important risk factor for lower BMD and predicts greater bone loss in older age (118, 138) and in younger persons in the absence of menses and/or an eating disorder (113).
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