Why are electrons “orbiting” incorrect in an atom model?
What is the correct way to draw an atom?

The items of personal protective equipment (PPE) you will likely use in a general chemistry lab include a coat, goggles, and gloves.

A lab is an area where different samples of blood, urine, and tissues are identified and tested for research and medical purposes.

In a standard lab, various laser equipment and hazardous chemicals are present that can be harmful at times.

Lab safety rules must be followed to avoid unwanted events happening.

For safety concerns, wear personal protective equipment such as goggles, lab coats, and gloves.

Besides this, dress properly does not go alone in the lab, avoid drinking and eating food, don't taste or smell anything and wash your hands before leaving your workplace.

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Answer:

30 neutrons

Explanation:

neutrons = atomic mass - atomic number

neutrons = 56 - 26 = 30

Chromatography is primarily used as a method for the analysis and separation of chemical mixtures. Chromatography is the process of causing the constituent parts of a mixture to migrate differently from a restricted starting point in a particular medium, in this case, filter paper.

A) The air pressure above the beaker would disrupt the flow of the spots through the TLC, resulting in less resolution on the TLC plate, if the watch glass is not kept above the beaker for running paper chromatography. Despots would look, and even swarm, as a result.

B) The solvent is not allowed to move completely through the TLC plate because if the chromatogram is left in the beaker for a long time so that the solvent completely flows to the top, all of the spots would reach the solvent front and we would be unable to distinguish between the spots present in the TLC plate.

C). The TLC spotting should be performed in a very minute manner. Assume that if this substance is quite thick and a few of spots are seen apart, the TLC plate would drag and the resolution would be thrown off. As a result, it is challenging to tell the spots apart.

D). If the chromatographic paper is very short, it will be difficult to distinguish between the spots because, if more than one spot is present in a given compound, it will be harder to determine how many spots there are if there is a smaller distance between them. The TLC sheet's shorter length is the cause of the decreased space between the supports. Therefore, it is preferable to avoid using this longer TLC sheet so that the resolution is high and the spots can be easily identified.

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If we run an experiment in which two substances chemically react in a closed system and then we run the same experiment in an open system, then the masses of the products in each experiment will be different because the open system allows the interchange of matter and energy with the media.

An open system is an interrelated group pf parts that work together to interchange matter and energy with the surrounding environment, while a closed system does not generate an exchange of matter and energy.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that an open system interchange energy and matter with the environment, while closes systems do it.

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fe3 ions were discovered to be 0.41 m in a suitable solvent of iron(iii) chloride. Iron(iii) chloride has a ksp of 0.82x1037.

The concentrations are "plugged in" after writing down the equation for Ksp to get the value for Ksp. Here is an illustration: Ag2CrO4 dissolves in water at a rate of 1.31 x 10-4 moles/L. Determine the Ksp value. The [Ag+] will increase by (2 x 1.31 x 10-4 moles/L) = 2.62 x 10-4 moles/L using mole ratios.

The equilibrium characteristic for the dissolving of a solid material in an aqueous solution is known as the item solubility constant, or solubility product constant. M is used to represent molar saturation, and products

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The amount of energy required to change a liquid to a gas is called the__enthalpy of vapourization_

The amount of energy required to change a solid to a liquid is called the ___fusing (melting)__

In the ___solid___ state, particles interact so strongly that the only movement is in the form of _vibration_.

If enough energy is added, the particles can escape the strongest interactions and move freely, _gaseous__ phase.

A substance's behaviour of its atoms and molecules is referred to as its "state of matter." Generally speaking, matter exists in three states: Solids have a distinct shape and are comparatively hard. The molecules and atoms in a solid are bound to one another. Instead of moving, they only vibrate still.

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The half-life of the first-order reaction is 1019.12 seconds.

Calculation:-

T1/2 = 0.693 /K.

K = 6.8 × 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹

T- half = 0.693/6.8 × 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹

          = 1019.12 second.

A first-order reaction is a reaction that proceeds at a price that relies linearly on the simplest reactant concentration.

The half of-existence of a chemical reaction may be described because of the time taken for the concentration of a given reactant to attain 50% of its preliminary awareness. It is miles are denoted via the image t1/2 and are generally expressed in seconds.

The time required for one 1/2 the atoms of a given quantity of a radioactive substance to crumble. Pharmacology. the time required for the hobby of a substance taken into the frame to lose one-half of its initial effectiveness.

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Answer:

Chlorine

Explanation:

Chlorination is the process of disinfecting drinking water by introducing chlorine to eradicate viruses, germs, and parasites. To get drinking water with safe levels of chlorine, various techniques can be utilized.

Another good example of this is when chlorine is added to public pools to protect it from viruses and diseases

Microbes - a microorganism, especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation.

Blue had a greater affinity for the solvent in water and pink had greater affinity for the paper.

Separation method based on a binding interaction between immobilized ligand and binding partner is called Affinity chromatography.

It is more preferable to use less polar solvent, for example ethanol, so that the non-polar compounds travel up the paper while the polar compounds stick to the paper, hence, separating them

Affinity chromatography has become very important in work with biological samples and pharmaceutical agents.

To achieve accurate results with affinity chromatography:

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It is the simplest whole number ratio of elements in a compound. Molecular formula is n times the empirical formula where n is integers 1,2,...The empirical formula is S₂O4.

Empirical formula gives the proportion of the element that is present in a compound. It does not give information about the actual number or the arrangements of the atoms.

The relation between emperical formula and molecular formula is given as

n=Molar mass ÷empirical formula molar mass    (1)

Where n= integers 1,2,3.....

Molar mass =128 g/mol

Empirical formula molar mass of SO₂=molar Mass of sulphur+2×Molar mass of oxygen                                                                                             (2)

Molar mass of sulfur= 32g/mol

molar mass of oxygen = 16g/mol

substituting the values in equation 2 we get

Empirical formula molar mass of SO₂=32g/mol+2× 16g/mol= 64g/mol

Substituting the values in equation (1) we get

n=128 g/mol÷ 64g/mol

n=  2

Molecular formula= n× empirical formula

                                = 2×SO₂

                                = S₂O4

Thus the molecular formula is S₂O4.

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This is double displacement chemical reaction.

The solutions of soluble salts are blended, a strong may additionally shape. Precipitation reactions are used to make insoluble salts. Magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate are blended with each other and the insoluble salt shaped is magnesium carbonate.

Magnesium carbonate, also known as magnesite, is a common over-the-counter remedy for heartburn and disenchanted belly as a result of the overproduction of acid inside the belly. Magnesite seems a white, yellowish, grayish-white, or brown crystalline solid or crystalline powder.

A salt  double displacement reaction, every so often called a double displacement response, is a chemical method concerning the change of bonds between two reacting chemical species which ends up within the creation of merchandise with similar or same bonding affiliations.

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Mathematically, volume is given by the equation: volume = mass / density. The volume = 13.46 cm³.

Given Mass = 175g

Given density = 13 g/mL

Mathematically, volume is given by the equation:

volume = mass / density.

Where, m be the mass = 175

d be the density = 13

Substitute the value in the above equation, we get

volume = mass / density

= 175/13

= 13.46 cm³

Therefore, the volume of the object exists 13.46 cm³.

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The correct statements regarding ion-dipole interactions includes:

An ion-dipole interaction is described as the intermolecular force of attraction between a charge ion (cation or anion) and a molecule. It is found commonly in the solution where ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents.

The sodium chloride molecule is an example of the Ion-dipole interaction.

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The volume of 0.175 M [tex]Na_3PO_4[/tex] solution required to completely react with 126 mL, 0.150 M  [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] is 0.72 L 0r 720 mL.

From the balanced equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of  [tex]Na_3PO_4[/tex] and   [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] is 2:3.

Recall that: mole = molarity x volume

126 mL = 126/1000 = 0.126 L

Mole of 126 mL, 0.150 M   [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] = 0.150 x 0.126

                = 0.0189 moles

Equivalent mole of  [tex]Na_3PO_4[/tex] from the mole ratio = 2/3 x 0.0189

                   = 0.0126 moles

Volume = mole/molarity

Volume of 0.0126 moles, 0.175 M  [tex]Na_3PO_4[/tex] = 0.126/0.175

               = 0.72 L

0.72 L = 0.72 x 1000

             = 720 mL

In other words, 0.72 L 0r 720 mL of 0.175 M [tex]Na_3PO_4[/tex] is required to completely react with 126 mL of 0.150 M  [tex]CuCl_2[/tex].

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Answer: In any chemical change, one or more initial substances change into a different substance or substances.... According to the law of conservation of matter, matter is neither created nor destroyed, so we must have the same number and kind of atoms after the chemical change as were present before the chemical change.

Explanation:

If 110j of energy are added to a 14.2 gram sample initially at 20.7 °c . the final temperature will be 36.89°C.

Given,

mass of chromium = m = 14.2g

initial temperature = T1 = 20.7°C

Q = m X C X ∆T

where,

Heat exchanged at Q

m = the sample's mass

C = sample specific heat, which for chromium is 0.460 J/goC.

Temperature change (T) = Tfinal - Tinitial.

So, We know,

106J = 13.8 X 0.460J/g°C X (Tfinal - 20.2°C )

(Tfinal - 20.2oC ) = 106J / 13.8 X 0.460J/g°C = 16.69

Tfinal = 16.69°C + 20.2°C = 36.89°C

Hence, The final temperature will be 36.89°C.

Specific heat capacity is the energy required to increase temperature of material of a certain mass by 1°C, in the unit of J/(kg·K).

mathematically,

Q = mc∆T

Where Q is the amount of heat a body absorbs, m is the body's mass, and t is the temperature rise

C = A substance's specific heat capacity is determined by the material it is made of.

J kg-1 K-1 is the SI unit of specific heat.

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The enthalpy of reaction once you have m, the mass of your reactants, s, the specific heat of your product, and T, the temperature change from your reaction.

Therefore,

Weight water = 348 g

Specific Heat capacity Cp = 2.06 J/g °c

Temperature change ΔT =   127 -103 = 24

Change in enthalpy of the System ΔH = m Cp  ΔT

 = 348 x 2.06 x 24= 17205.12 J.

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NO2 is the correct Covalent Compound

Covalent compounds are formed when elements share electrons in a covalent bond to form molecules. Covalent compounds are formed when two nonmetals react with each other.

All others are ionic. Ionic compounds are (usually) formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. As in the case of LiCl, AlCl3, and Na2S.

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Answer:

NO2

Explanation:

Five examples of covalent bonds are hydrogen (H₂), oxygen (O₂), nitrogen (N₂), water (H₂O), and methane(CH₄). 2. What is a covalent bond? A chemical bond involving the sharing of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond.

So therefore the answer is NO2

The main difference between a recipe for baking a cake and a chemical reaction is that baking a cake is a chemical change whereas a chemical reaction may be a chemical and physical change.

The similarities between a recipe for baking a cake and a chemical reaction is that the molecules react with each other and in both new substances are formed at the end.

When you bake a cake, the ingredients pass through a chemical change. A chemical change occurs when the molecules are rearranged to form a new substance. When you start baking, you have many ingredients. Baking a cake is a chemical change because the ingredients rearrange to form a new substance which is not reversed. The sugar, flour, and eggs can't be separated from each other. The properties of the materials have changed so it is considered as a chemical change.

So we can conclude that baking a cake and a chemical reaction is different due to the presence of chemical change whereas chemical reactions have both chemical and physical change. The similarity between a recipe for baking a cake and a chemical reaction is that in both new substances are formed at the end.

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You're correct! The answer is A.

NADPH is not produced during the Krebs cycle.

The Krebs cycle, sometimes referred to as the TCA cycle or the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical processes that take place in the mitochondria and are essential for aerobic respiration, the process by which practically all living things generate energy. It consumes oxygen and produces water and carbon dioxide as waste. Here, ATP is created from ADP. As a result of this cycle, hydrogen and electrons are needed to carry an electron chain.

One Krebs cycle generates two ATPs.

The Krebs cycle produces four CO2, six NADH, two FADH2, and two ATPs for every glucose molecule that is completely oxidized.

The Krebs cycle occurs in mitochondria, which are present in all eukaryotes. The cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and results in the production of chemical energy in the forms of ATP, FADH2, and NADH. These are created when pyruvate, the byproduct of glycolysis, is oxidized.

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The heat needed to change 9.8 grams of solid ammonia at -75 degrees C into a gas at room temperature 25 degrees C is 231 kJ.

What is solid ammonia?
With the formula NH₃, ammonia is a nitrogen and hydrogen inorganic chemical. Ammonia, the simplest pnictogen hydride and a stable binary hydride, is a colourless gas with a strong, pungent odour. It contributes considerably to the nutritional demands of terrestrial creatures by serving as a precursor to 45 percent of the world's food and fertilisers. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, especially among aquatic animals. About 70% of ammonia is used to create fertilisers, including urea and diammonium phosphate, in a variety of shapes and compositions. Additionally, pure ammonia is sprayed straight onto the ground. Ammonia is also a key ingredient in many commercial cleaning solutions and is a building component for the manufacture of numerous medicinal medicines.

The change in enthalpy, or heat, of a chemical reaction is equal to the change in internal energy of the system plus the work done on the system.
The enthalpy of a system is the sum of its internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume.
In order to change a solid into a gas, the enthalpy of the system must increase by the amount of heat needed to break the intermolecular attractions between the particles of the solid.

The heat of vaporization of ammonia is 23.6 kJ/mol.

Therefore, the heat needed to change 9.8 grams of solid ammonia at -75 degrees C into a gas at room temperature 25 degrees C is 9.8 * 23.6 = 231 kJ.

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Sodium and potassium are in the same group because they're both transition metals. Transition metals have a number of properties that make them useful for certain situations. They're reactive, which means they can be easily manipulated. They tend to be abundant, which makes them useful for industrial purposes. And they can form different compounds with each other, which means that when you add them together, you get something new altogether.

This also means that sodium and potassium react with each other easily: in a reaction between the two of them, their electrons leave their outer shells and combine with an electron from another atom or molecule (in this case water). This leaves the atoms with unpaired electrons—which are highly reactive—and creates an energy-rich compound called an ionic bond.

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When a tree is growing on a rock its weight can crush the rock, as a form of mechanical weathering is not a way trees are considered to affect weathering

Weathering is a process that breaks down or disintegrates the rocks which are present on the surface of our planet. Biological life can also affect weathering in many ways.

Tree roots can grow through rock cracks causing the cracks to expand. Sprouts can start to grow near cracks in rocks. The sprout when it grows would start to put pressure on the rocks by the roots that would penetrate them and also by the weight it exerts when it turns to a tree.

Tree’s roots (and other vegetation) can release acids that can cause weathering of rock. Plants are capable of producing acids to protect themselves against invaders like microbes and insects. When plants release acids, it would change the chemical composition of the rock that would eventually break the rock. This type of weathering is called chemical weathering

Trees (and other vegetation) when decomposing can cause chemical weathering. When trees decompose it could produce acids like carbonic acid that would help in disintegration of rocks.

When a tree is growing on a rock its weight would not directly crush the rock, as a form of mechanical weathering. Rocks with crack would be the main source of mechanical weathering by rocks.

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Round off .00042557 to three significant digits is = 0.000426

Given

The digit of 00042557

Three significant digits is 0.000426

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Dispersion Forces are affected by chain length of carbon chain but hydrogen bond is independent of length of carbon chain as it is only related to compound having F,O, and N element.

Intermolecular forces are the forces that are present between the the molecules and elements

Different types of intermolecular forces are

London dispersion forces

Dipole-dipole forces

Hydrogen bonding

London dispersion forces are due to temporary dipoles that is generated by the uneven distribution of electrons in atoms of a compound  or element. It can be made stronger by increasing the number of electrons in the compound.

In our question we are increasing  length of the carbon chain, Which means the number of of electron is increasing and hence the London dispersion forces force is also increasing and hence the boiling point will also increase

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The following assumptions are made:

1. Air behaves like an ideal gas throughout the process.

2. The initial pressure will be equal to the atmospheric pressure at sea level, 1atm.

3. The temperature remains constant.

Taking into account the above, we can apply the Boyle-Marriote Law that relates the change in pressure and volume at constant temperature. The equation tells us:

Where,

P1 is the initial pressure, 1atm

V1 is the initial volume, 5300L

P2 is the final pressure inside the air tank, this is our unknown

V2 is the final volume, this will be calculated using the volume equation for a sphere:

r is the radius of the sphere, 63.0cm/2=31.5cm

So, the volume of the air tank will be:

We clear P2 and replace the known data:

The air must be compressed at 40.5atm

Answer: 40.5