The primary indicator that can help us distinguish between open, closed, and flat universe models is the universe's overall density.
What is meant by current density?Current density, which is measured in amperes per square meter, is the quantity of electric current flowing through a unit of cross-sectional area. The current density will increase as the conductor's current increases.The total amount of current flowing through one unit of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, it will flow through a particular conductor with the same amount at all of its points, regardless of how the conductor's area changes.The measurements of the current density of the universe important to the primary indicator that can help us distinguish between open, closed, and flat universe models is the universe's overall density.To learn more about current density refer to:
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the top of a ladder slides down a vertical wall at a rate of 0.15 mys. at the moment when the bottom of the ladder is 3 m from the wall, it slides away from the wall at a rate of 0.2 mys. how long is the ladder?
The length of the ladder which is placed 3 meters from the wall is 5 meters
The rate of the change of ladder decreasing in vertical wall = - 0.15 m/s
The distance between the bottom of the ladder and the wall = 3 meter
The rate of change of the bottom of the ladder away from the wall = 0.2 m/s.
The length of the ladder can be found using the Pythagoras theorem,
x² + y² = L²
where x is the distance between the bottom of the ladder and the wall
y is the distance from the top of the ladder to the bottom of the wall.
L is the length of the ladder
Let us differentiate in terms of the rate of change in the above equation,
2x dx/dt + 2y dy/dt = 0
Now let us substitute the known values,
2(3)(0.2) + 2y(-0.15) = 0
1.2 - 0.3y = 0
0.3y = 1.2
y = 1.2 / 0.3
= 4
Then, the length of the ladder is
3² + 4² = L²
9 + 16 = L²
L = √25
L = 5
Therefore, the length of the ladder is 5 meters
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Light passes straight through two vertical polarizers. The axes of the filters are aligned parallel to each other. How does the light that passes through the second filter compare to the light that passed through the first filter?.
The direction of the polarized light after passing the first and the second filter are the same, however the intensity of the light after passing the first and second polarizer are half and fourth of its original intensity, respectively.
Light polarization is a filter of electromagnetic waves such that it propagates into one transmission axis only.
When light passes through a polarizer, its intensity will decrease by half.
Suppose the intensity of unpolarized light is I₀, after passing the first polarizer, its intensity becomes:
I₁ = 1/2 . I₀
After passing the second polarizer, the intensity will further decrease by half, or:
I₂ = 1/2 . I₁
I₂ = 1/2 .1/2 . I₀ = 1/4. I₀
Since both polarizers are vertical filters, then the direction of the polarized light after passing the first and the second filter are the same.
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flux i - suppose just a north pole of a permanent magnet is placed inside a gaussian surface. what is a true statement about the magnetic flux through the gaussian surface in this situation?
The true statement about magnetic flux through the Gaussian surface when a north pole of a permanent magnet is placed inside a Gaussian surface in this situation is "The net flux is zero," option A.
What is the magnetic flux through any surface?Magnet flux through a surface, in physics, is a surface that is integral of a normal component with a magnetic field, B over the given surface. This means that if a section of a magnet is enclosed in a chosen Gaussian surface, the net magnetic flux moving through the surface will be zero.
This magnetic flux continues inside the magnet and it leaves the Gaussian surface where the magnet is cut.
The full question is:
flux i - suppose just a north pole of a permanent magnet is placed inside a Gaussian surface. what is a true statement about the magnetic flux through the Gaussian surface in this situation?
a. The net flux is zero
b. The net flux is positive
c. The net flux is negative
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The temperature, pressure, and precipitation conditions of the atmosphere for a specific place on a given day is called , whereas a longer term view of these same factors, typically taken over a period of many years, is called.
The temperature, pressure and precipitation condition of the atmosphere for a specific place on a given day is called weather, whereas are long term view of the same factors, typically taken over a period of many years, is called climate.
The basic difference between climate and weather is that climate exist for a very long period of time while weather can change in just a few hours.
Weather is just a way to way information about the temperature, pressure and precipitation condition of a atmosphere on a day today basis.
While climate is a kind weather information which provides information about the weather of a reason for a long period of time.
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what is the average flow rate in cm3/s of gasoline to the engine of a car traveling at 104 km/h if it averages 8.0 km/l? (you do not need to enter any units.)
The average flow rate is 3.611 cm^3/s
The speed V is = 104Km/h
The velocity of vehicle z is = 8km/l
Qavg = V/Z
= 104/8 =13
= 13 (1000)/1(3600)
Qavg = 3.611 cm^3/s
The physical parameters flow rate and velocity are linked yet very distinct. Consider a river's flow rate to help you understand the difference. The flow rate of the river increases as water velocity increases. However, the size of the river also affects the flow rate. The Amazon River in Brazil, for instance, carries much more water than a swift alpine stream. When A is the cross-sectional area and v is the average velocity, the flow rate Q and velocity v are precisely related. This equation seems to make sense. According to the relationship, the size of a river, pipe, or other body of water as well as the magnitude of the average velocity (hereinafter referred to as the speed) directly affect the flow rate.
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A person standing on a hill throws a ball horizontally with a velocity of 12m / s The ball lands 10.1 m away from the hill. How tall is the hill? Assume no air resistance
A.3.5
B.6.9
C.0.84
D.0.42
The height of a hill from which the person throws a ball horizontally with a velocity of 12 m/s and the ball lands 10.1 m away from the hill is 3.47 m.
What is the height of a hill from which the person throws a ball horizontally with a velocity of 12 m/s and the ball lands 10.1 m away from the hill?The height of a hill from which the person throws a ball horizontally with a velocity of 12 m/s and the ball lands 10.1 m away from the hill is calculated as follows;
The ball was projected horizontally from the top of a hill, therefore, there is no vertical component of the velocity of projection and the object is considered to be undergoing free fall under gravity from a height, h.
The height from which an object falls freely under gravity is calculated with the formula below:
H = gt²/2
where g is the acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s²
t is time.
the time taken for the fall = horizontal distance / velocity
t = 10.1 / 12
t = 0.841 s
Therefore;
h = 9.81 * (0.841)² / 2
h = 3.47 m
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3) mary looked in her science book at a picture of the solar system. the planets were large and colorful but she knew it was not an accurate model. why?
mary looked in her science book at a picture of the solar system. the planets were large and colorful but she knew it was not an accurate model. The planets should have been much farther apart.
The gravitationally bound system of the Sun and the satellites in its orbit is referred to as the Solar System. The gravitational collapse of a massive interstellar molecular cloud gave it birth 4.6 billion years ago. The Sun is the system's primary mass, accounting for 99.86% of its total mass, with Jupiter making up the majority of the remaining mass. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the four planets in the inner solar system, and they are all terrestrial planets with rocky and metallic cores. In comparison to the terrestrial planets, the four giant planets of the outer solar system are significantly bigger and more massive. The two biggest, Jupiter and Saturn, are gas giants made primarily of hydrogen and helium; the next two, Uranus and Neptune, are ice giants made primarily of highly volatile substances.
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A championship weight lifter did 11,000 J of work on a set of barbells weighing 3680 N. How much gravitational potential energy did the barbells have at the maximum height of the lift? (show the steps you followed to solve the problem - ie. the formula, calculations, and final answer)
The GPE that the barbells have at max height is ,
3680.h j=11,000 units
where h= maximum height the barbells were lifted
work done by the championship lifter ,W = 11,000 units
weight of the barbells, N = 3680 N
The gravitational potential energy, P.E., the barbells had at their maximum height of lift is given as follows;
P.E. = m × g × h
Where;
m = The mass of the barbells;
g = The acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s^2
h = The maximum height to which the barbells are lifted
m × g = The weight of the barbells = 3680 N
∴ P.E. = 3680 N × h = 3680·h J
we know the law of conservation of energy, according to this the work done by the weight lifter is equals to the maximum gravitational potential energy gained by the barbell is equal to energy at maximium height i.e P.E
therefore, GPE = 3680.h j = W = 11,000j is your answer.
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https://brainly.com/question/20561066tarzan, who weighs 688 n, swings from a cliff at the end of a vine 18 m long (fig. 8-38). from the top of the cliff to the bottom of the swing, he descends by 3.2 m. the vine will break if the force on it exceeds 950 n. (a) does the vine break? (b) if no, what is the greatest force on it during the swing? if yes, at what angle with the vertical does it break?
Tension is defined as the pulling force transmitted axially using a string, a rope, chain, or similar object, or by each end of a rod, truss member, or similar 3-D object; tension might also be expressed as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of said elements.
Maximum tension:
T - mg = mv²/L
By energy conservation:
mgh = ¹/₂ mv²
v² = 2gh
Now the tension force in the vine at this position is given as:
T = mg + mv²/L
Now substitute the values in the above equation:
T = 688 N + m(2gh)/L
T = 688 + 2×3.2(688)/18
T = 932.6 N
As the force is less than the limit of 950 N so the vine didn't break.
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a skater spins with an angular speed of 12.0rad/s with his arms outstretched. he lowers his arms, decreasing his moment of inertia from 41kgm2 to 36kgm2. a. calculate his initial and final rotational kinetic energy. b. does his rotational kinetic energy increase or decrease? c. what causes this change in kinetic energy?
It has a 2952 J initial rotational energy.
492 kg-m2/s represents its moment of momentum.
13.67 rad/s of angular momentum is conserved.3364J
A) is the final rotational kinetic energy. The rotational energy of it at first is
KE=[tex]\frac{1}{2}\\[/tex]Iω²
=[tex]\frac{1}{2}\\[/tex]
=[tex]2952J[/tex]
B) Her angular momentum is
L=Iω
=(41)(12)
= 492 kg-m²/s
C) Angle momentum is kept constant. Therefore, even if he draws his hands in, nothing will change. She still has 492 kg-m2/s of angular momentum after pulling her arms back. Her moment of inertia has altered, though. L must therefore change in order for its angular velocity to remain constant.
L=Iω
ω=L/I
=492/36
= 13.67 rad/s
D) So her final rotational kinetic energy is
KE=[tex]\frac{1}{2}\\[/tex]Iω²
=[tex]\frac{1}{2}\\[/tex][tex](36) (13.67)[/tex]
=[tex]3364J[/tex]
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In which scenario below does the ball have more gravitational potential energy when sitting at the top?
Why?
A. The ball
travels up
the stairs
to a
height of
3 ft.
B. The ball
travels straight
up the column
to a height of 3
ft.
In both the cases gravitational potential energy is same.
What is gravitational potential?Gravitational potential energy is energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field. The most common use of gravitational potential energy is for an object near the surface of the Earth where the gravitational acceleration can be assumed to be constant at about 9.8 m/s².
Given two cases height of the top is 3 ft so the potential energy is same as potential energy is dependent on height of the ball.
In both the cases gravitational potential energy is same.
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kinetic energy problem an 82-kg stunt man falls off the top of a large building. after falling for 65 meters he has a speed of 22 m/s. assuming he was initially at rest, what was the average force of air resistance exerted on the stunt man during his fall?
The average force of air resistance exerted on the stunt man during his fall is 305.29 N
How do I determine the average force?We'll beging by obtaining the kinetic energy of the stunt man. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass (m) = 82 KgVelocity (v) = 22 m/sKinetic energy (KE) =?KE = ½mv²
KE = ½ × 82 × 22²
KE = 41 × 484
KE = 19844 J
Finally, we shall determine the average force of air resistance exerted on the stunt. This can be obtained as follow:
Distance = 65 metersEnergy = 19844 JAverage force =?Energy = work
Work (W) = force (F) × distance (d)
W = Fd
Thus,
E = W = Fd
19844 = F × 65
Divide both sides 65
F = 19844 / 65
F = 305.29 N
Thus, from the above calculation, we can conclude that the average force is 305.29 N
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you and a friend are on a swing set and her swing is slightly longer than yours. if you both start swinging at the same time, from the same height, where will she be after you have completed one complete swing back and forth?
She might be barely lower than you however shifting upward in the direction of you.
Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, generally in time, of a few measures approximately a critical price or among or greater distinct states. familiar examples of oscillation consist of a swinging pendulum and alternating modern-day.
A pendulum is a weight suspended from a pivot so that it can swing freely. whilst a pendulum is displaced sideways from its resting, equilibrium position, it's miles issue to a restoring force due to gravity so one can accelerate it returned toward the equilibrium function.
Oscillation is defined as the method of repeating versions of any quantity or degree about its equilibrium price in time. Oscillation can also be defined as a periodic variant of a rely on among values or approximately its crucial price.
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The change in velocity v of an object is zero over a short time interval t. Which of the following is true? Assume quantities are instantaneous unless stated otherwise.
Answer:
2. The object must have zero average acceleration over the interval.
Explanation:
Notes:
-Velocity can have zero change if it is either at rest or moving at a constant velocity. This also means there is zero acceleration (acceleration is any change in velocity).
-Velocity is also speed and direction, so if it changes direction (for example: moving backward or in a circle) it is not constant even if it has a constant speed. It also means the object is accelerating.
1: Nothing can be determined without additional information.
Incorrect, because it is solvable by the process of elimination.
2: The object must have zero average acceleration over the interval.
Correct, because zero acceleration equals zero change in velocity.
3: The object must be changing position.
Incorrect, because you don't know whether or not the object is accelerating.
4: The object must have zero average velocity over the interval.
Incorrect, because this implies it is at rest. To have zero change, it can be at rest OR moving at a constant velocity.
5: The object must have constant velocity over the interval.
Incorrect, because zero change in velocity can mean either be at rest OR moving at a constant velocity.
6: The object must begin and end at the same position.
Incorrect, because to begin and end at the same position implies that it was at rest or it changed direction while moving to end at the same position. (see Notes above for explanation)
7: The object must have constant acceleration over the interval.
Incorrect, because you can't have zero change in velocity if there is acceleration (Acceleration is any change in velocity).
8: The object must be at rest.
Incorrect, because to have zero change, it can be at rest OR moving at a constant velocity.
At rest, a car's horn has a frequency of
395 Hz. Car A passes car B on the street
in the same direction. If car A is traveling
at 22.0 m/s and car B is traveling
at 19.5 m/s, what frequency does
car B hear when car A honks?
(Speed of sound = 343 m/s)
(Unit = Hz)
The frequency heard by car A is determined as 398.4 Hz.
What is the frequency heard by car A?
The frequency heard by car A is determined by applying the following equation.
f = fs(v - v₀) / (v - vs)
where;
v is the speed of sound = 343 m/sv₀ is the speed car B = 19.2 m/svs is the speed of car A = 22 m/sfs is the frequency of car A = 395 Hzf is the frequency of car B = ?f = 395(343 - 19.2) / (343 - 22)
f = 395(1.0087)
f = 398.4 Hz
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Calculate the average speed of a complete round trip in which the outgoing 300 km is covered at 97 km/h , followed by a 1.0- h lunch break, and the return 300 km is covered at 55 km/h .
The average speed of the complete round trip is 62.85 km/h.
The average speed is nothing but the total distance travelled per unit time.
or in other words,
Average speed = [tex]\frac{Total distance travelled}{total time taken}[/tex]
Now, Total distance travelled = 300km + 300 km = 600 km
and the time taken = t1 + t2 + t3
t1 = distance/speed
t1 = 300km/(97km/h)
t1 = 300/97 Hour = 3.0927 Hour
t2 = 1 Hour
and t3 = distance/speed
t3 = 300km/(55km/h)
t3 = 300/55 Hour = 5.4545 Hour
Total time = t1+t2+t3
T = 3.0927+1+5.4545 = 9.547 Hour
So, average speed = total distance / total time
Average speed = 600km/9.547 Hour
Average speed = 62.85 km/h
Hence the average speed is 62.85 km/h.
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Which of the following describes a way that neighborhoods help children build new relationships?
OA neighborhood holds a winter festival with activities for children and families.
O Families of the neighborhood walk around the block on differing weeknights.
O Lawn crews ensure that the neighborhood is properly maintained each week.
O Members of the community form a Neighborhood Watch team.
The neighborhood can help children build new relationships by holding a winter festival with activities for children and families.
In today's world, where everyone is quite busy in their own world, children have academic pressure and many more.
They tend to detach themselves from people, and hence many relationships ruin.
Building relationship helps the children grow and makes them more sociable. It boots their intelligence and makes them aware of the importance of having a relationship and building bonds with people.
The neighborhood holds a winter festival with activities for children and families is a great way to build new relationships.
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Use the information from the graph to answer the
What is the total displacement of the object?
question.
m
Velocity vs. Time
Velocity (m/s)
40
30
20
10
0
Time (s)
0
5
10
15
20
25
Answer:
The total displacement 560 m
Explanation:
Given:
t₀ = 0 s
t = 25 s
V₀ = 10 m/s
V = 35 m/s
___________
D - ?
Acceleration:
a = (V - V₀) / (t - t₀) = (35 - 10) / (25 - 0) = 25 / 25 = 1.0 m/s²
The total displacement:
D = V₀·t + a·t² / 2
D = 10·25 + 1.0·25² / 2 ≈ 560 m
what is the heaviest the book he can hold vertically before it slips out of his fingers? the coefficient of static friction between his fingers and the book cover is 0.88
Mass of the heaviest book is 0.733 kg.
Heaviest book has weight
= (6 + 6) * 0.6 N
= 7.2 N
If m = mass of the heaviest book in kg
m = 7.2/9.81 kg
= 0.733 kg.
Children often bring a well-established "life-view" of friction with them because of their experiences with slippery surfaces like frozen ponds (low friction) and "gripping" surfaces like deep pile carpets (high friction) and the effects they have on movement. This way of existence needs to be expanded and understood in the perspective of science.
The force that modifies movement as a result of surface/surface interaction is known scientifically as friction (all changes of movement require the action of a force). When using diagrams to portray forces in action, the direction of the frictional force should be depicted as being opposed to that of the movement.
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(a) the control in the experiment was 0 khz, or no sound. what information is gained by using the control with no sound that could not be obtained if no control were used?
In order to prevent deer from crossing the highway, the experiment involved placing sound-emitting equipment at the perimeter.
A procedure used to confirm or deny a hypothesis, as well as assess the effectiveness or likelihood of something that has never been tried before, is called an experiment. By showing what happens when a particular factor is manipulated, experiments shed light on cause-and-effect relationships. Experiments have a wide range of objectives and sizes but always rely on a repeatable process and a logical analysis of the outcomes. Additionally, there are experiment conducted in nature.
While teams of scientists may spend years conducting methodical research to advance their understanding of a phenomenon, a child may conduct simple experiment to understanding how things fall to the ground. In the science classroom, students benefit greatly from experiments and other hands-on activities. Experiments can improve test results and increase student engagement.
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Which letter represents the normal force acting on the box?
A
B
C
D
What is the answer
Answer: (C)
Explanation: (B) is the weight of the box acting downwards
(A) is the frictional force acting on the box because of moving forward against the plane
(D) is the force that moves the box forward
( C) is perpendicular to the box which means it is at 90 degrees with the box. Normal usually means at 90 degrees
A gas receives from an external thermal source an amount of heat equal to 1000 J. This energy, in addition to producing heating in the gas, causes its expansion, with the consequent performance of work equivalent to 600 J. What was the change in the internal energy of the gas? gas?
help someone help me
Hello..!
Subject: ThermodynamicsThe first law of thermodynamics relates work and transferred heat exchanged in a system through a new thermodynamic variable, internal energy. This energy is neither created nor destroyed, only transformed.
We can think of gas as a thermodynamic system, all because gases can work and absorb heat, and then they can turn all that into energy.
The formula for the change in energy is given by the first law of thermodynamics expressed as:
[tex] \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: {\boxed{\boxed{ \sf\large \rm \Delta U = Q - W }}}[/tex]
Being:
ΔU = change in energyQ = added heatW = Work doneProblem:
A gas receives from an external thermal source an amount of heat equal to 1000 J. This energy, in addition to producing heating in the gas, causes its expansion, with consequent performance of work equivalent to 600 J. What was the change in the internal energy of the gas? gas?
Data:
ΔU = ¿? (Meet)Q = 1000 JW = 600 JNow adding the data in the formula to find the energy change:
[tex] \sf\large \rm \Delta U = 1000J - 600J[/tex]
[tex] \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \sf{\boxed{\boxed{\large \rm \Delta U = 400 J}}}[/tex]
[tex]\begin{gathered}\rule{7cm}{0.01mm}\\\texttt{Good studies! :D}\\\rule{7cm}{0.01mm}\end{gathered}[/tex]
if more massive stars have more hydrogen in their cores than less massive stars, why do they have shorter lifetimes?
Thermonuclear fusion occurs faster in massive stars so larger stars use up all their fuel in less time.
The more mass a star has the faster it will exhaust its fuel supply and the shorter its lifespan. The most massive stars could burn up and explode in a supernova after just a few million years of nuclear fusion. Massive stars are the largest, hottest, and brightest main-sequence stars and are blue, blue-white, or white in color.
Massive stars run out of hydrogen fuel very quickly and therefore have short lives. This is because the more massive the star the greater the fuel consumption. Even if a high-mass star has more fuel it uses it up very quickly so it does not live as long as a low-mass star. A main-sequence star's mass determines the fundamental properties of its luminosity surface temperature radius and lifetime.
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A 5 kg block is pulled across the ground to the right by a tension force of 40 N with a frictional force of 8 N opposing the motion. What is the acceleration of the object?
The Acceleration of the object = 6.4 m/s²
Mass of block (m) = 5 kg
Action force on block, (F₁) = 40 N
Frictional force opposing the motion (F₂) = 8 N
Acceleration of the object (a) = ?
⇒ Net force = Action force on block - Opposing friction force
⇒ F = F₁ - F₂
⇒ F = 40 - 8
⇒ F = 32 N
Net force of the block (F) = 32 N
Mass of block (m) = 5 kg
F is the Force in N.
m is the Mass in kg.
a is the Acceleration in m/s².
F = ma
⇛ a = F/m
⇛ a = 32/5
⇛ a = 6.4 m/s²
a ball is thrown straight up. it passes a 2.45 m high window 7.45 m off the ground on its path up and takes 1.45 s to go past the window. what was the ball's initial velocity (in m/s)?
The ball's initial velocity is 14 m/s
Since the equation of motion we referring to for calculating the initial velocity are :
s=ut+1/2at² ....1
v²= u²+2as .... 2
where u and v are initial and final velocity, t is the time taken, a is the acceleration due to gravity and s is the distance or we can also say the height .As we are given h₁ and h₂ which are 2.45 m and 7.45 m and the time is taken, t which is 1.45 s, and at last we are having a = -9.8ms^-2
using the 2 equations, we get
v₁= √(u²−2gh₁),
from equation 1, we get
h₂ =√(u₂−2gh₁t)−1/2gt₂
there the initial velocity will be:
u= √(((h₂+1/2gt²)/t)²+2gh1
=√(((7.35+1/2*9.80*(1.45)^2)/1.45)^2+2×9.80×2.45)
= 14
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What was the force of gravity on the ball when it was at the highest point in its flight?
in a double-slit experiment, the slit separation d is 2.00 times the slit width w. how many bright interference fringes are in the central diffraction envelope
The number of bright interference fringes in the central diffraction envelope is 3.
To determine the number of bright interference, we need to understand the equation of first minima in the diffraction pattern, and the equation of angular locations of the double slit interference pattern.
For the equation of first minima in the diffraction pattern is:
[tex]W[/tex]·[tex]Sin[/tex]θ = [tex]m_{1}[/tex]·λ
For the equation of angular locations of the double slit interference pattern is:
[tex]d[/tex]·[tex]Sin[/tex]θ = [tex]m_{2}[/tex]·λ..... (1)
Here, W is single slit width while d is slit separation
Next, we need to determine the number of bright interference fringes in the central diffraction envelope.
For the first minima, [tex]m_{1} = 1[/tex], then rewrite the equation (1) as follows.
=[tex]a[/tex]·[tex]Sin[/tex]θ = [tex]m_{1}[/tex]·λ
=[tex]a[/tex]·[tex]Sin[/tex]θ = [tex]1[/tex]·λ
=[tex]a[/tex]·[tex]Sin[/tex]θ = λ..... (2)
Then, from the equations (1) and (2)
[tex]=m_{2}=\frac{d}{w} \\=m_{2}=\frac{2w}{w}\\=m_{2}=2[/tex]
Therefore, there are 3 bright fingers, 1 at the centre and 2 in each side.
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a cylindrical space colony 13 km in diameter and 30 km long has been proposed as living quarters for future space explorers. such a habitat would have cities, land, and lakes on the inside surface and air and clouds in the center. all this would be held in place by the rotation of the cylinder about the long axis. how fast would such a cylinder have to rotate at its perimeter to produce a 1-g gravitational field at the walls of the cylinder?
0.00048 rad/s should be the angular velocity of the cylinder to produce a 1-g gravitational field at the walls of the cylinder.
The following problem requires understanding angular velocity and centripetal acceleration to obtain the result. The angular velocity of a body is defined by its virtue of velocity at a particular angle on an axis.
Centripetal acceleration is acceleration when the body is rotating and that acts towards the midpoint of the circular movement.
centripetal acceleration = rω² (derived from v²/r)
here
ω = angular velocity of the cylinder
r = radius of the space colony = 13km / 2 ⇒ 6.5km or 6500m
Substituting the values,
a = g ⇒ 9.8m/s²
ω = √9.8 / 6500 = 0.00048 rad/s
∴The cylinder should rotate at 0.00048 rad/s for producing a 1-g gravitational field.
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when an astronomer rambles on and on about the luminosity of a star she is studying, she is talking about:
When an astronomer rambles on and on about the luminosity of a star she is studying, she is talking about the amount of energy the star gives off each second.
Luminosity and apparent brightness are about brightness, but from a different point of view. The difference between luminosity and apparent brightness is that luminosity tells us exactly how bright a star really is while apparent brightness only tells us its brightness seen from Earth.
L / Lsun = ( d / dsun )² = b / bsun
L = Luminosity of a star
Lsun = Luminosity of sun
d = Distance of star
dsun = Distance of sun
b = Brightness of star
bsun = Brightness of sun
Therefore, when an astronomer rambles on and on about the luminosity of a star she is studying, she is talking about the amount of energy the star gives off each second.
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Two projectiles of mass and are fired at the same speed but in opposite directions from two launch sites separated by a distance . they both reach the same spot in their highest point and strike there. as a result of the impact they stick together and move as a single body afterwards. find the place they will land.
Two projectiles of mass and are fired at the same speed but in opposite directions from two launch sites separated by a distance, will land at a place x = D/2 [ 1+{ (m₁ - m₂) / m₁ + m₂)}
This is calculated using the conservation of linear momentum in the horizontal direction as ,
(vm₁vₓ₁ - m₂vₓ₁ ) ₓî = (m₁ + m₂) vₓ₂ ₓî
vₓ₂ = {(m₁ - m₂) / m₁ + m₂)} × vₓ₁
vₓ₂ = {(m₁ - m₂) / m₁ + m₂)} × v Cos Θ
t max = vₓ₁ / g
= v Sin Θ / g
x =(D / 2) + vₓ₂t max
= (D / 2) { {(m₁ - m₂) / m₁ + m₂)} × v² Sin Cos Θ / g } ------ (1)
now,
D = 2 vₓ₁vₓ₂ / g
D / 2 = v² Sin Cos Θ / g
From equation (1) we get,
x = D/2 [ 1+{ (m₁ - m₂) / m₁ + m₂)}
Hence , D/2 [ 1+{ (m₁ - m₂) / m₁ + m₂)} is the place they will land.
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