Because some people respond and communicate more quickly to Task 4, some persons have a faster average reaction time to Task 4 compared to Task 3.
Importance of reaction time
Simple tasks are easier for the body to process, and the nervous system processes and completes them more quickly than complicated ones, therefore reaction times are quicker for them.
Males have historically been the sensory-focused hunters and warriors. Women never required the sensory attention that men did because they were the ones providing care. Males ultimately exhibited quicker reaction speeds.
Sometimes, having a slow reaction time puts you in risk. For instance, if you touch a burning stove, it's probable that you wouldn't react quickly enough, which would cause a delay and have an impact on your neurological and integumentary systems.
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classify the substances according to the strongest solute-solvent interaction that will occur between the given substances and water during dissolution.
Intermolecular interaction occurs between the given substances and water during dissolution according to the strongest solute-solvent interaction.
Intermolecular bonds in covalent substances are Hydrogen bond. Dipole-dipole attraction, Dipole-induced dipole attraction , London dispersion forces. Water has polar OH bond. The negative O atom attract the positive H atoms in nearby molecules. It leads to the Hydrogen bonds. It is also called Dipole-dipole Force. Dipole -dipole forces occur between the water and substance during dissolution according to the strongest solute-solvent interaction. Hydrogen bonds are the strongest force present in the water dissolution. London dispersion force is also present in the water dissolution.
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which represents the greatest mass? group of answer choices 1.0 mol cr all the same 1.0 mol br 1.0 mol i 1.0 mol sc
As a result, we can see that a mole of sulfuric acid has the largest mass.
Which mole has the greatest mass?In order to manufacture 1 liter of final solution, 1.0 GMW of a substance must be dissolved in water to create a 1 molar (M) solution.As a result, 58.44 g make up a 1M solution of NaCl.Example:In enzyme histochemistry, HCl is widely employed.So, it is clear that a mole of sulphuric acid has the largest mass.We can see from this periodic table of elements that carbon has a molar mass of 12.01 grams per mole, so let's start with that.Neutrons have the most mass as a result.The atomic mass of aluminum is mathematically equivalent to one mole of aluminum atoms, which has a mass in grams.In accordance with the periodic chart, the atomic mass of aluminum is 26.98 (rounded to two decimal places).To learn more about greatest mass refer
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What are the 4 main principles of fire prevention?.
The 4 main principles of fire prevention are
Prevention: preventing the spread of fire and/or reducing its effects.Detection and Communication :investigating the fire and finding it, then alerting the occupants and the fire department.Occupant Protection : assisting occupants in avoiding and escaping a fire's effectsContainment : containing fire and all of its effects to the smallest possible area.Extinguishment : putting out the flames and defending the areaenvironment.
There is always a risk because fires can occasionally break out despite your best efforts, but you also want to be sure you are making an effort to prevent them. This will significantly reduce any risks, which will make the time and effort required worthwhile because it will make your family safer than ever.
Hence, these principle when followed fire prevention can be managed.
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If you have 163.1 ml of a 0.8450 m solution of sodium hydroxide, how many ml of a 0.450 m solution of sulfuric acid do you need in order to neutralize it?
0.1M sulfuric acid = 1000 ml solution contains 0.1 ml sulfuric acid
Mass of sulfuric acid = 0.01×98=0.98g
Stoichiometric equation:
[tex]2NaOH+H_{2}SO_{4} = Na_{2}SO_{4} + 2H_2O[/tex]
Mass of sodium hydroxide=0.8g
Hence, to neutralize 0.98 g of sulfuric acid 0.8 g of sodium hydroxide is required.
What is a stoichiometric equation?
Calculating the products and reactants in a chemical reaction is known as stoichiometry. Essentially, statistics are what it is about.
Stoichiometry is a crucial idea in chemistry that enables us to compute reactant and product amounts using balanced chemical equations. We employ the ratios from the balanced equation in this situation.
Generally speaking, the amount of substance present determines how all reactions will behave. of its molecules or atoms.
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oughly how many rotational levels would there be between the ground vibrational state and the first excited vibrational state
The 5 rotational levels would there be between the ground vibrational state and the first excited vibrational state.
What is rotational levels?
The three major moments of inertia IA, IB, and IC determine the rotational energy levels for a nonlinear molecule. They revolve around three axes that are mutually orthogonal to one another and have their origin (or intersection) at the molecule's Centre of mass.
What is vibrational state?
The rotation of the molecule brought on by various vibrations in perpendicular planes is described by (123) or (12l23), where 0 l2 2 is an angular momentum quantum number.
Therefore , 5 rotational levels would there be between the ground vibrational state and the first excited vibrational state.
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TRUE/FALSE. dimethylaminopyridine (dmap) is often used as a catalyst in esterification reactions. a basic solvent such as triethylamine is used to react with the liberated proton from the alcohol group.
Dimethylaminopyridine hydrochloride (dmap) is a recyclable catalyst used for the acylation of alcohols to form esters. It used used in a base free condition. Therefore, the statement is false.
What is a catalyst?A catalyst is chemical substance used to boost the rate of a reaction without undergoing a change itself. Hence, catalyst provide favorable platform for a reaction to occur.
Dimethylaminopyridine is a basic compound which and it is a recyclable catalyst used for the esterification reactions. In esterification alcohols are acylated to form esters using DMAP in the presence of acetic anhydride.
Acetic anhydride forms acetate ions which act as the base to accept the proton from the alcohol and it adds to the nucleophile DMAP. Hence, no need of any base such as triethylamine. Thus, the statement is false.
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What are the 4 bases of DNA in order?.
As we know DNA is responsible for the information to be passed from one generation to the next.
Molecule inside the cells containing the genetic information which is responsible for the development and function of an organism is DNA.
DNA or Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid is made up of two polynucleotide chains coiled around each other to form a double helix structure.
It carries the genetic instructions for the development of organisms
that helps in functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.
If we look into the structure of DNA, it is a cyclic Ribose sugar that is attached to phosphate group in one side and a nitrogenous base other side as shown in figure.
The four nucleotides, or nitrogenous bases, in DNA are:
Adenine (A),
Cytosine (C),
Guanine (G), and
Thymine (T).
These bases form pairs such that, A with T, and G with C.
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10.0 ml of 1.0 m naoh is titrated with 1.0 m hcl. how many ml of hcl were required to reach the equivalence point? *you should be able to do this problem without a calculator\.\*
The amount of HCl required to reach the equivalence point is 10 ml.
The reaction of the titration of NaOH and HCl is,
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O
The equivalence point in the reaction is that point at which the reaction is just completely and the acid and base has neutralized each other,
So, we can write,
One mole of NaOH = One mole of HCl
Molarity x volume of NaOH= Molarity x volume of HCl
Putting values,
10 x 1 = 1 x volume of HCl
Volume of HCl = 10ml
So, the volume of HCl required is 10ML.
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hich of the following is true concerning ideal gases? responses a gas exerts pressure as a result of collisions of the gas molecules with the walls of the container. a gas exerts pressure as a result of collisions of the gas molecules with the walls of the container. the gas particles in a sample exert attraction for one another. the gas particles in a sample exert attraction for one another. at stp, 1.0 l of ar (g) contains about twice the number of atoms as 1.0 l of ne (g) since the molar mass of ar is about twice that of ne. at stp, 1.0 l of ar (g) contains about twice the number of atoms as 1.0 l of ne (g) since the molar mass of ar is about twice that of ne. the temperature of the gas sample is directly related to the average velocity of the gas particles.
A gas exerts pressure as a result of collisions of the gas molecules with the walls of the container.
What is an Ideal gas?
An ideal gas is a hypothetical gas that perfectly complies with the gas laws since its molecules take up very little space and don't interact
No attraction or repellence exists between the molecules of ideal gases. The sole interaction between molecules of an ideal gas would be an elastic collision when they collided or an elastic collision with the container walls.
The molecules of an ideal gas have no volume. The molecules of the gas take up the volume because they spread out over a broad area of space, whereas the molecules of an ideal gas are represented as point particles with no volume on their own.
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How is a neutral atom formed?.
When an atom contains an equal number of electrons and protons.
In an atomic nucleus, the electromagnetic force pulls an atom's electrons toward the protons. The nuclear force is what pulls the protons and neutrons in the nucleus toward one another. The electromagnetic force that separates the positively charged protons from one another is typically weaker than this force. In some cases, the nuclear force is overpowered by the electromagnetic force that attracts. The nucleus in this instance separates apart, leaving various parts behind. Nuclear decay occurs in this way.
The atomic number, or how many protons are in the nucleus, designates which chemical element an atom is a part of. As an illustration, copper is any atom with 29 protons.
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if 32.0 g of oxygen reacts with sufficient magnesium to produce magnesium oxide, what is the theoretical yield?
According to the stoichiometric equation, the theoretical yield of Magnesium oxide will be 80 grams.
[tex]2 Mg + O_{2} = 2MgO[/tex]
What is the Stoichiometric equation?
The greatest amount of product that can be produced is determined by the stoichiometry of a balanced chemical equation. The relative amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation are described by a reaction's stoichiometry.
What is a Theoretical yield?
The maximum amount of product that can be produced from the specified amounts of reactants is known as the theoretical yield. For instance, if 24.3 grams of magnesium and 32 grams of oxygen are combined, 56.3 grams of magnesium oxide should result. The maximum potential yield is 56.3 grams.
The Theoretical yield for this chemical reaction is 80 grams.
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for a gas of nitrogen molecules n2 , what must the temperature be if 94.7 % of all the molecules have speeds less than 1500 m/s ?
In question 94.7 % or 0.947 corresponds to vrms = 1.6 since v = 1500 v/vrms= 1500/1.6 = 937.5 m/s
T = [tex](937.5 m/s)^{2}[/tex]× 0.028kg/mole ÷ 3× 8.314 J kg/mole
T = 987 K
What is Ideal gas law?
The relationship between a gas's pressure P, volume V, and temperature T in the range of low pressures and high temperatures, when the gas's molecules move virtually independently of one another, is known as the ideal gas law, also known as the perfect gas law. In this situation, the ideal gas law, often known as an equation of state, governs all gases: The universal (or perfect) gas constant, 8.31446261815324 joules per kelvin per mole, and n, the number of moles of the gas, are the two inputs into the formula PV, which equals nRT. The Boltzmann constant k multiplied by Avogadro's number NA yields the universal gas constant.
The International System of Units uses the units of joules, cubic metres (m3), newtons (N), pascals (Pa), and newtons per square metre (N/m2) to measure energy, volume, force, and pressure. One joule of work is produced for every newton of force travelling over a distance of one metre. As a result, the work dimensions are the same for both products, PV and nRT (energy).
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calculate the enthalpy of combustion per mole for c6h12o6. assume that the combustion products are co2(g) and h2o(l).
Here 1 mole of glucose, C6H12O6, has an enthalpy of combustion of 2800 kJ/mol. n is the number of moles of the reactant, and DH is the molar enthalpy.
How is the enthalpy of combustion of glucose calculated?Glucose has a molecular weight of 180 g/mol. 0.9 g make up the bulk of glucose. To get the number of moles of glucose, divide the mass of the sugar by its molecular weight. Glucose has an enthalpy of combustion of -2840 kJ/mol.
Molar enthalpy of combustion: What is it?The heat released when 1 mole of a substance completely burns with oxygen under constant pressure is known as the molar heat of combustion (or molar enthalpy of combustion), or cHm.
calculation:
1 mol of glucose C6H12O6 = 2800 kJ/mol.
heat of combustion = -2800kj/mol
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Do electromagnetic waves transfer energy without yes?.
Yes, the term "wave" is frequently used to refer to a variety of energy transfer mechanisms, including: Energy is transferred via magnetic field and electric field vibrations in electromagnetic waves.
What do you mean by Electromagnetic waves?The oscillations here between electrostatic potential and a magnetic field produce waves known as electromagnetic waves, or EM waves. In other words, magnetism fields oscillate to form electromagnetic (EM) waves.
Electromagnetic waves, where are they?In contrast to wave propagation, electromagnetism waves can travel without a medium. This implies that microwaves can pass not only through stationary surfaces like air and rock but also through empty space.
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give the number of core electrons for cd.
Cd has about 46 core electrons.
I hope this helps!!!
which procedure would produce the best data for comparing the electrostatic forces between the molecules of different substances?(1 point)
Bring each liquid ingredient to some of its boiling point. Each substance's temperature should be measured.
What distinguishes atoms from molecules?An atom is made up of solitary, neutral particles. Molecules are composed of more than atomic nuclei linked together and are neutral particles. Ions are molecules that are electrically charged either positively or negatively.
Is gold an atom or a molecule?The gold atom's nucleus has 79 protons. Every balanced (charge-free) atom has an identical amount of protons and electrons. Neutrons can vary, however (in smaller atoms) they are frequently 1.5 to 2 times as abundant as protons (larger atoms).
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acid was added to a2. what happened to the ph? explain briefly, referring to the contents of the well initially and describing any reaction that takes place with the added acid to affect the ph.
An acid was added to A2. referring to the contents of the well initially and describing any reaction that takes place with the added acid to affect the pH is the pH will decreases.
When we added acid to a solution then the hydrogen ions will increases and the pH of the solution will decreases. the pH will decreases means the solution becomes more acidic in nature.
Thus, An acid was added to A2. referring to the contents of the well initially and describing any reaction that takes place with the added acid to affect the pH is the pH will decreases.
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1. which subset of the real numbers best describes the atomic masses of these elements? (choose from )
The subset of the real numbers best describes the atomic masses of these elements that is Rational numbers and irrational numbers are the subsets of real numbers.
The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of the element's atoms measured in atomic mass units. Atomic mass is the weighted average of all isotopes of that element, the mass of each isotope multiplied by the abundance of that particular isotope.
An atom is any particle of the most elementary level of matter that contains at least one proton. Here are some examples of atoms. Atomic mass indicates the size of an atom. Mass is technically the sum of the masses of all protons neutrons and electrons in an atom but the mass of electrons is much less than the mass of other particles so the mass is simply the mass of the nucleus.
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the specific heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 j/g oc. calculate the quantity of energy required to heat 1.50 g of water from 26.5oc to 83.7oc
The specific heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/g °C. The quantity of energy required to heat 1.50 g of water from 26.5°C to 83.7°C is 359 J.
The specific heat of a substance is defined as the heat required to raise a temperature of a substance by 1°C. In other words, it is also referred as a mass heat capacity.
The quantity of energy for a substance is calculated as
q=m×c×ΔT
Where ΔT=(T_f-T_i)
T_f=83.7°C, T_i=26.5°C
ΔT=(83.7-26.5)°C=57.2°C
And c=4.18 J/g °C
m=1.50g
Substitute all the values in the formula
q=1.50g×(4.18 J/g°C)×57.2°C
q=358.644 J
q=359 J
Therefore, the heat required for 1.50g of water is 359 J.
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A sample of argon gas at stp occupies 56. 2 liters. Determine the mass of argon in the sample.
Answer:
[tex] \huge{\boxed{100.4 \: g}} [/tex]
Explanation:
In order to find the mass of the gas we must first find the number of moles of the gas at STP ( standard temperature and pressure) and use it together with the molar mass of the gas.
In order to find the number of moles from the volume given we use the formula;
[tex] n = \frac{V}{v_{m}}\\[/tex]
where
V is the volume of the gas
n is the number of moles
v(m) is the molar gas volume at stp which is
22.4 L/mol
From the question
V = 56.2 L
We have;
[tex] n = \frac{56.2}{22.4} = 2.508 \\ [/tex]
n = 2.51 moles
Now we use the formula m = M × n to find the mass of the gas
where
m is the mass
M is the molar mass
Molar mass of Argon = 40 g/mol
We have
m = 40 × 2.51 =. 100.4
We have the final answer as:
100.4 gthe predominant intermolecular force found in na⁺(aq) is _____
The predominant intermolecular force found in Na⁺ (aq) is Ion-Dipole Interactions.
What are intermolecular forces?Intermolecular forces can be defined as the attractive or repulsive forces that produce between the molecules or ions of a solution or substance. These forces are responsible for the physical properties and chemical properties of matter.
Forces that develop between the molecules themselves are intermolecular forces. The intermolecular forces are Ion-Dipole Interactions, Dipole-Dipole Interactions, Ion-Induced Dipole Interactions, Dispersion Forces, and Dipole-Induced Dipole Interaction.
In the Na⁺ aqueous solution, sodium Na⁺ ions interact with the dipole of water molecules therefore, the predominant intermolecular forces in such solution are Ion-Dipole Interactions.
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the compound chromium(ii) sulfate is a strong electrolyte. write the reaction when solid chromium(ii) sulfate is put into water. include states of matter in your answer.
The reaction when solid chromium is Cr^2(aq) +2oH(aq)→cr(oH)2(S)
What is electrolyte?
A material that separates into ions (electrically charged particles) when it dissolves in water or bodily fluids. The ions sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and phosphate are only a few examples.
What is matter?
The term "matter" refers to a substance that is composed of several kinds of particles, occupies space, and has inertia. The numerous kinds of particles each have a unique mass and size, according to the fundamentals of current physics.
1,solid ammonium sulfide is put into water
(NH4)2 SO4(S) + H2(l) →2NH3(aq) + SO4^2-(aq).
2, cobalt sulfate is put into water
COSO4(S) + H2O(l)→CO^2+(aq)+SO4^2-(aq)
3,we have to write net ionic equation for given molecular equation
3 AgNO3(aq) + (NH4)3 po4(aq)→Ag3po4(S) +NH4NO3(aq)
3Ag(aq)+3NO3^-(04)+3NH4(aq)+po^3-4(aq)→Ag3po4(S) +3NH4(aq) +3NO3-(aq)
3Ag+(aq)+po4^3-(aq)→Ag3 PO4(S)
This is the net ionic equation.
4, we have to write the balanced net ionic equation.
Pb(No3)2(aq) + COcl2 (aq)→pbcl2(S) +Co(NH03)2 (aq)
Pb^2aq)+ 2NHo3(aq)+ co^2(aq)+2cl (aq)→pbch(S) +co^2(aq)+2NHO3(aq)
Pb^2(aq) +2cl(aq)→pbcl2(3)
Hence net ionic equation is
Pb^2(aq) + 2 cl (aq) →pbcl2(s)
5, Aqueous solution of sodium phosphate and aluminum sulfate combine to form solid aluminum phosphate and a solution of sodium sulfate.
2Na3po4(aq)+ 2po4^3-(aq) + 3so4^-2(aq)→2Alpo4(S)+6Na(aq) + 3so4^2-(aq)
2po4^3-(aq) +2Al3+(aq)→2Alpo4(s)
This is net ionic equation
6, Yes. Aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and chromium sulphate combine.
2NaoH(aq) +Crcl2(aq)→Cr(oH)2(s)+2Nacl(aq)
2Na+(aq)+2OH(aq) + cr^2+aq( + 2cl(aq)→cr(OH)2(S) 2Na+(aq)+2cl(aq).
Cr^2(aq) +2oH(aq)→cr(oH)2(S)
This is net ionic equation.
Therefore, the reaction when solid chromium is Cr^2(aq) +2oH(aq)→cr(oH)2(S).
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Which of the following are changes that might take place during a chemical reaction? Select all that apply Choices are: - bonds are formed; - the reactants gain mass; - and Aton loses a proton from its nucleus; -a neutron is converted into a proton; -a proton is added to the nucleus of a atom; -an atom acquired an electron lone pair
-Bonds are formed- When atoms collide, they may form bonds with one another. This happens when the electrons in the outermost energy level of each atom interact and form a shared pair of electrons. The shared electrons hold the atoms together in a chemical bond.
The reactants gain massA chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of atoms. When the atoms are rearranged, they form new bonds with one another. As a result, the overall mass of the reactants increases.
And Aton loses a proton from its nucleusIn some reactions, an atom may lose a proton from its nucleus. This can happen when the atom reacts with another atom that has a stronger affinity for the proton.
A neutron is converted into a protonIn some reactions, a neutron may be converted into a proton. This can happen when the neutron reacts with another particle that has a higher energy than the neutron.
A proton is added to the nucleus of a atomIn some reactions, a proton may be added to the nucleus of an atom. This can happen when the atom reacts with another atom that has a weaker affinity for the proton.
An atom acquired an electron lone pairIn some reactions, an atom may acquire an electron lone pair. This can happen when the atom reacts with another atom that has a higher energy than the atom.
The products have less mass than the reactantsIn some reactions, the products have less mass than the reactants. This can happen when the atoms in the reactants are rearranged to form new bonds with one another.
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rank the following atoms in order of decreasing first ionization energies (i.e., highest to lowest): li, be, ba, f.
atoms in order of decreasing first ionization energies is given by F>Be>Li>Ba .
What is ionization energy?Ionization energy can be defined simply as a measurement of how difficult it is to remove an electron from an atom or ion or of an atom's or ion's propensity to give up an electron. Usually, when a chemical species is in its ground state, an electron is lost.
As an alternative, we can say that ionisation or ionisation energy is a measurement of the strength of the attractive forces that hold an electron in a specific location.
ionization energy can be defined more precisely as the least amount of energy that an electron in a gaseous atom or ion must absorb to escape the nucleus's influence. It is typically an endothermic reaction and is also known as the ionisation potential.
Ionization is the process of removing an electron from its orbit and moving it outside of the atom. Ionization energy is equal to the difference in energy between the energy of the electron in the initial orbit and the energy of the electron outside the atom since each orbit of the electron has a distinctive energy (in the infinite orbit from the nucleus).
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FILL IN THE BLANK. having recently purchased a new computer, jake will invest in ___ that will protect his computer from data corruption, pop-up ads, hackers, identity theft, and other online-related threats.
Jake having recently purchased a new computer, jake will invest in Anti-spyware software that will protect his computer from data corruption, pop-up ads, hackers, identity theft, and other online-related threats.
Anti-spyware is a type of software used to find and get rid of unwanted spyware programs. A form of malware known as spyware is placed on a computer without the user's knowledge in order to collect information about them. Although there may be a security risk for the user as a result, spyware more frequently reduces system speed by using processing power, installing software, or redirecting users' browser activity.
Anti-spyware software identify spyware through definition files that have been downloaded or through rule-based detection methods. Anti-spyware software can be used to find and remove spyware that has already been downloaded and placed on the user's computer, or it can function similarly to an anti-virus application by providing real security and preventing spyware from ever being downloaded.
So, Jake will spend money on anti-spyware software to protect his computer against malware such as hackers, pop-up advertising, data loss, and identity theft.
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What internal temperature should raw meat poultry and seafood be stored?.
The internal temperature should raw meat poultry and seafood be stored in 4°C ( 39 °F ).
The safe temperature range or the internal temperature should raw meat poultry and seafood be stored in 4°C ( 39 °F ). Food is stored in the refrigerator to use as per their need. This steps issued for the safety of the safety of ensure to health to consumer. to ensure the disease free and the consumable items. raw meat , poultry and the seafood should be stored on the bottom shelf to avoid contamination.
Thus, The internal temperature should raw meat poultry and seafood be stored in 4°C ( 39 °F ).
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write the balance molecular equation and net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and strontium hydroxide
The balanced molecular equation and net ionic equation for the neutralization are as:
2HCl (aq) + Sr(OH)₂ (aq) → SrCl2 (aq) + 2H₂O (l)
H⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → H₂O (l)
In neutralization and acid-base reactions, an acid and a base react to produce salt and water. Salt and water are neutral in nature so it is called a neutralization reaction. In the above-mentioned reaction hydrochloric acid and strontium hydroxide react to produce strontium chlorite and water.
The chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
HCl (aq) + Sr(OH)₂ (aq) → SrCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l)
As the number of moles of elements is not equal on the reactant and product side so add 2 with HCl and 2 with H₂0 to balance the equation.
2 HCl (aq) + Sr(OH)₂ (aq) → SrCl₂ (aq) + 2 H₂O (l)
After removing the spectator ion the net ionic equation will be as:
H⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → H2O (l)
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the nuclear equation of the beta decay of 39/17Cl
The nuclear equation of the beta decay of 39/17 Cl is as follows:
39/17 Cl → 39/18 Cl + 0/-1 e
What is nuclear reaction?A nuclear reaction is a process such as the fission of an atomic nucleus, or the fusion of one or more atomic nuclei and/or subatomic particles in which the number of protons and/or neutrons in a nucleus changes.
The reaction products may contain a different element or a different isotope of the same element due to this change.
A beta decay is a nuclear reaction in which a beta particle (electron or positron) is emitted. A beta particle is an energetic electron or positron produced as the result of a nuclear reaction or nuclear decay. A beta decay occurs as depicted below;
A/Z X → A/(Z + 1) X‘ + e
Where;
A and Z are the mass number and atomic number of the decaying nucleusX and X′ are the initial and final elements, respectivelyTherefore, if a 39/17 Cl undergoes beta decay, the nuclear reaction can be given as follows:
39/17 Cl → 39/18 Cl + 0/-1 e
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Given a two state system in which the low energy level is 600 cal mol^-1, the high energy level is 1800 cal mol^-1, and the temperature of the system is 300 K,
a) what is the partition function q?
b)what is the average energy ?
A partition function is 0.412
The average energy is 988.8 cal/mol
E1 = 600 cal / mol
E2 = 1800 cal / mol
Temperature = 300 K
Boltzmann constant = 1.38 x 10-23 J/ K
= 3.29 x 10-24 Cal / K
Partition function, Z = \sum_{j} e - Ej / kBT
= e - 600 / 3.29 x 10-24 * 6.023 X 10^23 * 300 + e - 1800 / 3.29 x 10-24 * 6.023 X 10^23 * 300
= e- 1.009 + e- 3.027
= 0.364 + 0.048
= 0.412
(b). Average energy, E = 600 * 0.412 + 1800 * 0.412
= 247.2 + 741.6
= 988.8 cal/mol
A mole is a very essential unit of size that chemists use. A mole of something way you have got 602,214,076,000,000,000,000,000 of that aspect, like how having a dozen eggs means you've got twelve eggs. Chemists have to measure the use of moles for very small such things as atoms, molecules, or other particles.
The mole is the amount of substance of a gadget that incorporates as many elementary entities as there are atoms in zero.
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What are 3 examples of polygenic traits?.
Examples of polygenic traits are height, hair color, skin ,eye color and hair colors.
Polygenic traits are controlled by multiple genes instead of just one. The genes that control them may be located near each other or even on separate chromosomes. Because multiple genes are involved, polygenic traits do not follow Mendel's pattern of inheritance. Human phenotypes are polygenic traits. polygenic trait is influenced by many genes that work together to produce the phenotype. Hair color is largely determined by the type and quantity of a pigment called melanin which is produced by a specialized cell type within the skin called melanocytes. The quantity and ratio of melanin pigments determine black, brown, blond, and red hair colors. these are polygenic traits.
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