why would you not reduce the flame size below its correct setting if the torch flame is too large for the job?

Two anti-bonding orbitals and six electrons in bonding orbitals make up the bond order of the given molecule, which is 2. In the orbital theory, the bonding orbital is used to describe interactions.

The formula for determining bond order is given below. 1/2 (electrons in bonding molecular orbitals - electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals) (electrons in bonding molecular orbitals - electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals) Bond length and strength are revealed by bond order. A shorter bond length is typically correlated with higher bond order. The fact that there are more bonds between the atoms explains this.

Half of the difference between the number of bonding and antibonding electrons is another definition of bond order in molecular orbital theory.

Bond order is 1/2. (electrons in bonding orbitals - electrons in anti-bonding orbitals.)

Bond order is 1/2. (6-2)

bond order is two.

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If there are 0.2 M solutions of both acid and base, the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions will be equal at equivalence point.

The reaction of sulfuric acid and a basic solution BOH occurs as follows;

H2SO4(aq) + 2BOH(aq) -----> B2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

In the question, we are told that that both the solution of the sulfuric acid and the basic solution are 0.2 M.

The point where all the hydrogen and hydroxide ions have reacted according to the stoichiometry of the reaction. If there is really equimolar amounts of acid and base, the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions will be equal at equivalence point.

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Mathematics and science are formal and exact sciences that are based on logic.

Mathematics is an exact science that studies the properties and relationships between entities through geometric figures and arithmetic with numbers. Mathematics then looks for common patterns that could end up leading to a theory and, if it is verifiable and true, end up being a law, such as the Pythagorean law for example.

In terms of science, it is the comparable knowledge that has been studied, explained, and has helped predict social and natural phenomena in our universe over time. This has been done and verified through the scientific method, making it then a verifiable and true logic.

Therefore, we can confirm that mathematics and science are formal and exact sciences that are based on logic.

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The frequency of a wave whose wavelength is 5.67 × 10-⁷m is 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz.

Wavelength is the length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next.

The wavelength of a wave is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency as follows:

λ = v/f

Where;

The frequency is the quotient of the number of times, n, a periodic phenomenon occurs over the time (t) in which it occurs.

According to this question, a wave has a wavelength is 5.67 × 10-⁷m. The frequency can be calculated as follows:

5.67 × 10-⁷ = 3 × 10⁸/f

f = 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 5.67 × 10-⁷

f = 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz.

Therefore, 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz is the frequency of the wave

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Answer:

universal in nature while applied research is limited in nature.

Explanation:

The moles of BeS produced is 0.20231 mol.

molecular weight of Be = 9.01 g/mol

molecular weight of S = 32.065 g/mol

Thus, the molecular weight of beryllium sulfide is equal to:

molecular weight of BeS = 9.01 + 32.065 = 41.075 g/mol

The number of moles will be equal to: 8.31*(1/41.075) i.e., 0.20231 mol.

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In alpha decay both the atomic number and mass number of the atom changes. Whereas, for beta decay only atomic number changes. The horizontal change is representing the change in atomic number and vertical change is for mass number.

Radioactive decay is the process of nuclear decay of an unstable radioactive atom by the emission of charged particles such as alpha, beta or gamma to form a stable isotope.

The nuclear decay by the emission alpha particle is called alpha decay in which the mass number decreases by 4 units and atomic number changes by 2 units. Hence the graph of alpha decay shows both vertical and horizontal change.

In beta decay beta particles are emitted where, no change occurs in mass number but atomic number increases by one. Hence, the graph will only shows the horizontal change.

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Taking into account the definition of Avogadro's Number, 1.98759×10²⁴ atoms are in 3.3 moles of potassium sulfide.

Avogadro's number is currently defined as the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12 and its known approximate value is 6.023×10²³. Indicates the amount of substance (usually atoms or molecules) that contains one mole of any substance.

You can apply the following rule of three: if by definition of Avogadro's Number 1 mole of potassium sulfide contains 6.023×10²³ atoms, 3.3 moles of the compound contains how many atoms?

amount of atoms of potassium sulfide= (3.3 moles × 6.023×10²³ atoms)÷ 1 mole

amount of atoms of potassium sulfide= 1.98759×10²⁴

Finally, in 3.3 moles of K₂S are present 1.98759×10²⁴ atoms.

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The chemicals that accumulate in soil and water as a result of car emissions, improperly disposed waste, industry, and agriculture are known as persistent organic pollutant.

Organic molecules that are resistant to environmental deterioration through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes are persistent organic pollutants, sometimes referred to as "forever chemicals."

They are dangerous compounds that have a negative impact on the environment and human health all over the world.

POPs are compounds that are persistent in the environment, bioaccumulate in the food chain, and have the potential to have negative impacts on both human health and the ecosystem.

Thus, persistent organic pollutants are hazardous compounds that have a negative impact on the environment and human health all over the world.

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3.22 g containing aluminum chloride contains 0.0241486951 moles, making 1 mole of an element's atoms weigh the same as its atomic mass in grams.

Rubber, lubricants, wood preservers, and paints are all made in large part using aluminum chloride. In both medications and pesticides, it is utilized. while melting aluminum, as a flux Antiperspirant is how you apply it.

Cosmetic and pharmaceutical goods frequently contain aluminum compounds. The components that stop sweating in antiperspirants are aluminum salts. To prevent sweat from collecting on your pores' surface, the salts must dissolve.

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Taking into account the definition of dilution, if 150 mL of a 2.5M KBr solution is diluted to 500 mL, the new concentration of KBr is 0.75 M.

A stock solution is a highly concentrated solution. Stock solutions are very useful because they allow a portion to be diluted to obtain the desired concentration.

Then, dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

2.50 M× 150 mL= Cf× 500 mL

Solving:

(2.50 M× 150 mL)÷ 500 mL= Cf

0.75 M= Cf

In summary, the new concentration of KBr is 0.75 M.

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108.10 g of sodium chloride will be produced if 42.5 grams of sodium metal react with excess chlorine.

The mechanism that chemists employ to quantify quantities in reactions is known by the fancy name of "stoichiometry." The coefficient ratio established using balanced reaction equations is used to establish links between the reactants and products in reactions.

Equation formed:

2Na + Cl₂ = 2NaCl

Molar mass :

Sodium (Na) - 23 g/mol

Chlorine (Cl₂) - 35.5 × 2 = 71 g/mol

Sodium chloride (NaCl) = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol

molar stoichiometric ratio of sodium & chlorine in reaction = 2 : 1.

42.5 grams of sodium contain 3.4/23 or 1.848 moles.

1 g of chlorine has 0.014 moles, or 1/71 of a mol.

Only 1.848/2 = 0.924 mol of chlorine are required to completely transform 1.848 mol of sodium into sodium chloride. Sodium is the limiting reactant, whereas chlorine is the surplus reactant.

In the reaction, the mole ratio of sodium to sodium chloride is 2: 2, which may be expressed as 1: 1.

1.848 mol of sodium utilized equals 1.848 mol of sodium chloride generated.

Molar mass equals moles of sodium chloride times the mass of 1.848 mol of sodium chloride.

m = (58.5 g/mol) × 1.848 mol

m = 108.10 g

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The temperature, pressure, and precipitation conditions of the atmosphere for a specific place on a given day is called weather, whereas a longer-term view of these same factors, typically taken over a period of many years, is called climate.

We can describe the weather of the place as the temperature or atmosphere of a place on a certain day. On the other hand, the climate is the long-term weather condition of a place. The climate describes the average weather of the place.

A climate tends to remain unchanged for a place over several years whereas the temperature is the regular day-to-day change in the atmospheric conditions.

The climate of a region is determined by the average atmospheric conditions of a place that are recorded and observed over a long period of time.

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The number of moles of argon gas in a 4L container at 1620KPa and 25C is 2.62 moles. This can be calculated by ideal gas equation. The number of moles will not change when the argon gas is replaced by helium gas.

What is an ideal gas equation?

The ideal gas equation states the relation between pressure, volume, number of moles and temperature. The pressure multiplied by volume is directly proportional to the number of moles multiplied to the temperature. The equation can be written as, PV = nRT.

According to the ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

P is pressure, n is number of moles, T is temperature, V is volume.

n = 1620KPa x 4L / 8.314Jmol^-1K^-1 x 298K = 2.62 moles.

Therefore, according to ideal gas equation, 2.62 moles is the number of moles of the gas in 4L container with 1620KPa pressure and 25C temperature. The number of moles doesn't depend on the gas. So it doesn't change when argon gas is replaced with helium gas.

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The partial pressure of each gas in the mixture is 291.04 mmHg and  393.22mmHg

Partial pressure is defined as if a container is filled with more than one gas and each gas exert pressure

Here given data is

Total pressure = 689 mm hg

Mass of oxygen = 1.58 grams

Mass of carbon dioxide = 5.92 grams

We have to find partial pressure of each gas in the mixture = ?

So number of mole of oxygen

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles =  1.58 grams/15.999g/mol

Number of moles = 0.098 mol

Number of mole of carbon dioxide

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles =  5.92 grams/44.01g/mol

Number of moles =  0.134 mol

Then partial pressure of oxygen

Total number of moles  0.098 mol + 0.134 mol = 0.232 mol

P(O₂) =  [moles of oxygen / total moles] × total pressure

P(O₂) = 0.098 mol/0.232 mol × 689 mm hg

P(O₂) =291.04 mmHg

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide

P(O₂) = [moles of oxygen / total moles] × total pressure

P(O₂) = 0.134 mol/0.232 mol×689 mm hg

P(O₂) = 393.22mmHg

Partial pressure of each gas in the mixture is 291.04 mmHg and  393.22mmHg

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The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is + 5.

The given compound is as follows :

NaBrO₃  , the oxidation number of Na is +1. the oxidation state of O is - 2. the compound is neutral means all the oxidation number add is equal to zero.

NaBrO₃ =>  + 1 + Br + ( -2 ) × 3 = 0

Br + 1 - 6 = 0

Br - 5 = 0

Br = + 5

Thus, The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is +5

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According to the given statement 1.96 L  is the new volume assuming temperature is constant.

An volume of a gas is just one where there were no intermolecular attraction forces and all collisions involving atoms or molecules are entirely elastic. It can be seen as a group of perfectly spherical particles that collide but do not otherwise interact with one another.

Initial pressure (P₁): 0.98 atm

Initial volume (V₁): 1.0 L

Final pressure (P₂): 0.50 atm

Final volume (V₂): ?

Boyle's law provides an expression for this for an ideal gas that experiences an isothermal change.

P₁×V₁ = P₂×V₂

V₂ = P₁×V₁ / P₂

V₂ = 0.98 atm * 1.0 l / 0.50 atm

V₂ = 1.96 L

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In phosphorous pentachloride, also known as pcl5, the central p atom's hybrid orbital, designated Sp3d, forms a sigma bond with an exterior cl atom. The P molecule hybridization is indicated by the symbol sp3d.

To create 5 P-Cl sigma bond in this situation, the P atom needs 5 orbitals. It needs to create the fifth sigma bond using one of its three 3d orbitals because it has three 3s and two 3p orbitals. These orbitals are combined to create five sp3d orbitals, making a triangular bipyramid. The process was referred to as hybridization, and it was characterized as the redistribution of the energy in the individual atoms' orbitals to create new orbitals with equivalent energy. The new orbitals are created and given the term hybrid orbitals. Is known as hybridization.

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Echo: When a sound wave is created in the air, some of it is reflected back to the listener while some of it is absorbed after hitting a reflector. Echo is the name for this reflected sound.

Utilizations for Echo:

1. Bats use the echolocation method to find their way because they are unable to see with their eyes. Bats can determine whether an object is in front of a sound by listening to how it is reflected. It uses this method when hunting its prey.

2. This method is also employed to determine undersea distance and ocean depth.

3. Estimating the separation between hills and mountains is also helpful.

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If the arrow is pointed this way ->, there is only one H atom on the reactant side; however, if it is pointed this way <- , there are two H atoms. The correct option is A.

The majority of stars and the sun include it, and the giant Jupiter is primarily made of it. Water is where you'll find the most hydrogen on Earth. Less than 1 part per million cubic volume is all that is found of it as a gas in the air.

According to the Los Alamos, hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all atoms, which is equivalent to three quarters of the universe's mass. Hydrogen is named after the Greek terms hydro for "water" or genes for "forming."

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The complete question is -

Mg(OH)2 + NaCl ® MgCl₂ + NaOH

How many hydrogen atoms are on the reactant side?

A-1

B-2

C-4

D-8

The masses of the solutions are; 0.34 g, 0.95 g and 2.9 g respectively.

We know that in the process of electrolysis, it is possible that we can be able to deposit a given mass of the metal when we pass a direct current through the solution.

We then have;

Quantity of current passed through each solution = 100 * 10^-3 A * 4 * 60 * 60 = 1440 C

Solution 1;

23 g of sodium is deposited by 96500 C

x is deposited by 1440 C

x = 0.34 g

Solution 2

63.5 g is deposited by 96500 C

x is deposited by 1440 C

x = 0.95 g

Solution 3;

197 g is deposited by 96500

x is deposited by 1440 C

x = 2.9 g

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When hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase positive culture, there is a formation of bubbles of oxygen. When hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase negative culture, there is no formation of bubbles. This is called catalase test.

What is catalase test?

Catalase test determines if the catalase enzyme is present. Catalase enzyme catalyses the release of oxygen gas from hydrogen peroxide, when it is added to it. There is also formation of water by catalase enzyme.

When hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase positive culture, the catalase enzyme in it releases the oxygen gas from hydrogen peroxide in the form of bubbles. In the catalase negative culture, there is no catalase enzyme to release oxygen. This is called catalase test.

Therefore, in the catalase test, if the hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase positive culture there is a formation of bubbles due to the release of oxygen. In the absence of catalase enzyme there is no formation of bubbles due to the absence of oxygen gas.

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Answer:

Group VII are called halogens because react with metals to form salts

The volume of distilled water they must add to the initial solution to achieve this lower concentration is 35.5 l.

Dilution is defined as the process in which the concentration of a sample is decreased by adding more solvent. The dilution formula is given below.

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

where C₁ = initial concentration of sample = 18.0 m

V₁ = initial volume of sample = 5.00 x 10² ml

C₂ = final concentration after dilution = 0.25 m

V₂ = total final volume after dilution

Plug in the values to the formula and solve for the final volume.

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

(18.0 m)(5.00 x 10² ml) = (0.25 m)V₂

V₂ = 36000 ml

Subtract the initial volume from the final volume to determine the volume of water needed to add.

V of water = V₂ - V₁

V of water = 36000 ml - 5.00 x 10² ml

V of water = 35500ml = 35.5 l

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Minerals are similar as they always have a specific chemical structure throughout the entire mineral and are all solids at normal temperatures while they can be different due to their physical properties.

Minerals are naturally occurring solid substances. They can be made from a single element (like gold) or from a combination of elements (Sodium and Chlorine). The Earth is made up of thousands of different minerals.

Minerals are often divided into two groups: silicates and non-silicates. Silicates are minerals that contain silicon and oxygen.

The rest of the minerals are classified into a group called non-silicates.

Some important non-silicate minerals include:

In conclusion, minerals are very similar to each other but also differ in their physical properties even if they all exist in the form of crystals.

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Sample X is best classified as a heterogeneous mixture

Homogenous mixture has the same uniform composition and appearance through out the reaction and it is difficult to separate the substrates present in it.

A heterogeneous mixture contains of visibly  different phases or substances. Here separating the mixture becomes easy.

In the given question When sample X is passed through the filter paper we see that a white residue is remaining which is Y. This itself suggests that the the mixture is heterogeneous mixture.

As we initially got the residue it suggests that the solution is a homogenous mixture as we can now differentiate two substances

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The copper bars and the surrounds would transfer energy energy be different if the bars were in an open system.

Systems that are isolated are ones whose energy is constant at all times. Heat is neither generated nor absorbed in isolated systems. An illustration of such an isolated system Thermos flasks are the ideal illustration of isolated systems. There is neither a gain nor a loss of energy because the thermally flask is completely insulated.

As a result, isothermal processes are not able to occur in closed systems. Q. In a thermodynamics cycle, the unit is in contact with an outside source of heat, and changes happen gradually to make regulating the temperature easier. An adiabatic process isolates the system.

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the real gas pressure for above question was 91.4atm

what is van der waals equatio?

The Van der Waals equation (or Van der Waals equation of state) is an equation of state used in chemistry and thermodynamics that extends the ideal gas law to take into account the effects of interactions between molecules in a gas as well as accounting for the finite size of the molecules.

The ideal gas law views gas molecules as point particles that interact only with their surroundings and not with one another, which means that when they collide, they do not occupy any space or change their kinetic energy.

The volume V occupied by n moles of any gas has a pressure P at a temperature T determined by the following relationship, according to the ideal gas law, where R is the gas constant:

PV=nRT

(pxn2a/v2) (v-nb)=nRt

p 10x1.36/2.41x2.41-10x0.0318

p 13.6/2.41x2.092

nRt=p2.69

10x0.08206x300/2.69

=91.4atm

therefore the real gas pressure =91.4atm

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