(a) The residual demand faced by Sam can be calculated by subtracting Abigale's output, qA, from the total market demand:
Residual demand faced by Sam = Total demand - Abigale's output
= P - qA
= 200 - 20qA - qA
= 200 - 21qA
(b) The marginal revenue curve for Sam can be derived by taking the derivative of the residual demand equation with respect to qS (Sam's output):
Marginal Revenue (MR) = d(Residual demand faced by Sam)/dqS
= -21
The marginal revenue curve is a horizontal line at -21.
(c) Sam's reaction function can be derived by equating marginal cost (MC) to marginal revenue (MR):
MC = MR
$50 = -21
Therefore, Sam's reaction function is qS = 0.
(d) Abigale's reaction function to Sam's output choice can be derived in a similar manner. The residual demand faced by Abigale is given by:
Residual demand faced by Abigale = Total demand - Sam's output
= P - qS
= 200 - 20qS - qS
= 200 - 21qS
The marginal revenue curve for Abigale is the derivative of the residual demand equation with respect to qA (Abigale's output):
Marginal Revenue (MR) = d(Residual demand faced by Abigale)/dqA
= -21
The marginal revenue curve for Abigale is also a horizontal line at -21.
(e) To find Abigale's profit-maximizing level of output, we substitute Sam's reaction function (qS = 0) into Abigale's reaction function:
Residual demand faced by Abigale = 200 - 21qS
= 200 - 21(0)
= 200
Therefore, Abigale's profit-maximizing level of output is qA = 200.
Substituting Abigale's output into Sam's reaction function:
qS = 0
Sam's profit-maximizing level of output is also qS = 0.
(f) Industry output is the sum of Sam and Abigale's output:
Industry output (Q) = qS + qA
= 0 + 200
= 200
Price per unit of batteries is determined by the inverse demand equation:
P = 200 - 20Q
= 200 - 20(200)
= 200 - 4000
= -$3800 (negative price is not meaningful in this context)
Both Sam and Abigale will make losses since the price per unit is negative. Their profits will be negative as well.
(g) If Abigale quits the business and Sam becomes a monopolist, the industry quantity would be solely determined by Sam's output choice. Sam's profit-maximizing level of output is qS = 0, as derived earlier.
Therefore, industry quantity would be Q = qS + qA = 0 + 0 = 0. No batteries would be produced in the industry.
Since no batteries are produced, there would be no price per unit of batteries. The concept of profit becomes irrelevant in this case as there are no sales or production.
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Case: The Vanishing Tools A mid-sized manufacturing
The manufacturing company should adopt a strategic system to mitigate issues related to the disappearance of tools, including management information systems (MIS). MIS is an information system that aids in the administration of the company. MIS gathers, stores, and analyzes data from a variety of sources. It is critical to keep track of the company's assets, such as tools. A bar code reader and asset tracking software can be used to track tools.
Additionally, the company should establish policies and regulations that prohibit the theft of company equipment. Employees should be made aware of the policies and regulations and the consequences of stealing company equipment. The policies and regulations should be enforced by human resources staff.
The use of cameras is another effective method of dealing with the issue of tool theft. Cameras can be installed in strategic locations, such as tool storage rooms and entrances and exits. This will aid in identifying the thief and retrieving the stolen tools.
To prevent the disappearance of tools, the manufacturing company can also implement a tool management system. The system can include the following features: regular inventory checks, tool tracking, and usage recording. The system will keep track of the number of tools in the company's inventory and ensure that the tools are not lost or stolen. In addition, the system can monitor the use of the tools, and the employees can be held accountable for the tools they use.
Furthermore, the company should provide training to the employees on the importance of the tools and the need to keep them secure. This will make the employees more aware of the problem and more willing to cooperate in solving it.
In conclusion, the disappearance of tools can be a serious issue for a manufacturing company. However, there are several strategies that can be adopted to mitigate this problem. The use of management information systems, the establishment of policies and regulations, the use of cameras, the implementation of a tool management system, and employee training are all effective strategies that can be adopted to prevent the disappearance of tools. By adopting these strategies, the manufacturing company can reduce losses and improve efficiency.
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True/False : public services and nonprofit organizations are components of the services sector:
The given statement "Public services and nonprofit organizations are components of the services sector" is true because public services and nonprofit organizations are components of the services sector. This sector can also be referred to as the tertiary sector and is involved in the provision of intangible products and services to customers.
It is divided into four primary categories: public services, private services, government services, and nonprofit organizations.Public services are funded and operated by the government and are provided to citizens free of charge or at a reduced cost. Examples of public services include police and fire departments, public libraries, and public transportation services.Nonprofit organizations, on the other hand, are entities that are not primarily motivated by making a profit.
Instead, they are established to fulfill a specific societal need or goal. These organizations may provide various services such as charitable services, advocacy services, and social services. Examples of nonprofit organizations include charitable foundations, trade unions, and religious organizations.The services sector is significant to the economy, as it accounts for a substantial portion of employment opportunities and revenue generation.
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Alpha Corporation and Beta Corporation are identical in every way except their capital structures. Alpha Corporation, an all-equity firm, has 7,000 shares of stock outstanding, currently worth $23 per share. Beta Corporation uses leverage in its capital structure. The market value of Beta’s debt is $38,000, and its cost of debt is 9 percent. Each firm is expected to have earnings before interest of $32,000 in perpetuity. Neither firm pays taxes. Assume that every investor can borrow at 9 percent per year. What is the market value of Beta Corporation’s equity?
To calculate the market value of Beta Corporation's equity, we need to subtract the market value of its debt from the total market value of the firm. The market value of equity represents the residual value available to shareholders after deducting the debt.
Given:
Market value of Beta Corporation's debt = $38,000
Cost of debt = 9%
Earnings before interest (EBI) = $32,000
Beta Corporation has leverage in its capital structure.
First, we need to calculate the cost of equity, which represents the required return on equity for Beta Corporation. Since it is an all-equity firm, the cost of equity is the same as the return on equity.
Return on Equity (ROE) = Earnings before interest (EBI) / Market value of equity
Since ROE equals the cost of equity, we can use it to calculate the market value of equity.
ROE = $32,000 / Market value of equity
For Beta Corporation, the total market value of the firm (V) is the sum of the market value of equity (E) and the market value of debt (D):
V = E + D
We can rearrange this equation to solve for E:
E = V - D
Substituting the values:
E = $32,000 / ROE - $38,000
To find the ROE, we need to compare the cost of equity with the cost of debt:
ROE = Cost of equity = Cost of debt
ROE = 9%
Now, we can calculate the market value of Beta Corporation's equity:
E = $32,000 / 0.09 - $38,000
E = $355,555.56
Therefore, the market value of Beta Corporation's equity is approximately $355,555.56.
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As described in the module and by Brookfield and Padoch in their article, Agrodiversity as a concept could include, broadly (check all that apply):
All the set of crop and soil management methods in use by different farming communities in a region or globally.
The range of income levels in a community that explains people's ability to engage in market-based agriculture.
Creating diverse environments for food-growing that complement the diversity of cultivated plants.
Innovations that result in the ability to survive a dramatic change in the climate or other aspect of growing conditions for food.
It emphasizes innovations that lead to the ability to withstand dramatic changes in the climate or other aspects of growing conditions for food. The correct option is A, C and D.
As described in the module and by Brookfield and Padoch in their article, Agrodiversity as a concept could include, broadly all the set of crop and soil management methods in use by different farming communities in a region or globally, creating diverse environments for food-growing that complement the diversity of cultivated plants and innovations that result in the ability to survive a dramatic change in the climate or other aspect of growing conditions for food. Therefore, the correct options are: A. All the set of crop and soil management methods in use by different farming communities in a region or globally.C. Creating diverse environments for food-growing that complement the diversity of cultivated plants.D. Innovations that result in the ability to survive a dramatic change in the climate or other aspect of growing conditions for food.
Agrodiversity, as a concept, describes all of the crop and soil management practices used by different farming communities in a region or globally. Additionally, it also refers to the creation of varied environments for food cultivation, which complements the diversity of cultivated plants. Lastly, it emphasizes innovations that lead to the ability to withstand dramatic changes in the climate or other aspects of growing conditions for food.
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(A) If the majority of assets owned by businesses are intangibles such as intellectual property rights, why is it so difficult to use those assets as security against loans from banks or other lenders?
(B) Pol Engineering Limited wants to develop some technology and has approached a professor experienced in this field at a local university to assist. Pol has never previously done any research-based work with a university and wants to understand the implications of a decision to enter a Research and Development Agreement with the University for the production of some intellectual property-based results. Write a concise memorandum identifying the problems associated with a research based agreement of this sort and how those problems may be dealt with.
(A) If the majority of assets owned by businesses are intangibles such as intellectual property rights, it's difficult to use those assets as security against loans from banks or other lenders due to the following reasons:
i. Intangible assets can easily lose their value over time.
ii. The value of intangible assets is subjective, so it's hard to put a specific dollar amount on them.
iii. It's hard to measure the cash flow associated with intangible assets because their value is based on future benefits that are difficult to predict.
Banks and other lenders are generally more comfortable using tangible assets as collateral against loans because their value is more objective and measurable.
Also, intangible assets are not considered to be easily converted into cash.
(B) Memorandum
To: Pol Engineering Limited
From: [Your Name]
Subject: Research and Development Agreement
Pol Engineering Limited is planning to enter into a Research and Development Agreement with a local university to produce some intellectual property-based results. While there are many potential benefits to this type of agreement, there are also some potential problems that should be considered before making a decision.
Some of the problems associated with a research-based agreement of this sort are:
1. Ownership: It can be challenging to determine who owns the intellectual property that is created as a result of the research.
2. Confidentiality: There may be concerns about confidentiality and the protection of sensitive information.
3. Quality: There can be concerns about the quality of the research and the accuracy of the results.
4. Cost: The cost of the research can be a significant consideration, and it can be challenging to predict the final cost accurately.
However, these problems can be mitigated by taking some specific steps such as ensuring that the agreement clearly defines the ownership of intellectual property, including confidentiality clauses in the agreement, having a well-defined scope of work with set deliverables, and developing a detailed budget and project plan that is reviewed and updated regularly.
Thank you.
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What did Popeye's do leading up to the launch of their new
chicken sandwich with regard to introducing the idea to the public
and preparing stores? Were these areas of preparation
effective?
Leading up to the launch of their new chicken sandwich, Popeyes executed several marketing tactics to introduce the idea to the public and prepare their stores. These areas of preparation were highly effective.
Popeyes began promoting the new chicken sandwich about two weeks before its official launch after working on it for about a year. On the day of the launch, August 12, 2019, Popeyes strategically tweeted a picture of the chicken sandwich with a captivating caption. The tweet quickly went viral, generating massive buzz around the sandwich.
In addition to the viral tweet, Popeyes leveraged the power of social media influencers such as Ellen DeGeneres and The Roots. These influencers posted about the sandwich before its launch, creating anticipation among their followers and further fueling the excitement.
Popeyes also ensured their stores were prepared for the launch. They stocked up on enough supplies of ingredients for the sandwich and hired additional staff to meet the expected high demand. They also made sure their digital infrastructure was ready to handle a large volume of online orders.
The areas of preparation undertaken by Popeyes were highly effective. The chicken sandwich became one of the most talked-about fast-food items of the year, generating significant buzz and media attention. It is estimated that Popeyes received $65 million in media value from the exposure generated by the sandwich.
Overall, Popeyes' marketing tactics and store preparations successfully captured the public's attention and created a successful launch for their new chicken sandwich.
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Strategy Implementation
In Strategy Implementation, there are many ways that company's can pursue strategies to effectively exploit their competitive advantage and achieve profitability in the global marketplace. Following internal and external analysis, functional and business strategies that facilitate efficiencies, differentiation, horizontal and vertical integration and, related and unrelated diversification all provide strategic options for corporate strategists.
In strategy implementation, companies have various options to pursue strategies that effectively exploit their competitive advantage and achieve profitability in the global marketplace. These strategic options can be categorized into different approaches based on their characteristics and objectives.
1. Functional Strategies: Functional strategies focus on specific functional areas within the organization, such as marketing, operations, finance, and human resources. These strategies aim to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of these functions to support the overall corporate strategy. For example, a company may implement a marketing strategy to improve brand awareness and customer acquisition, or an operations strategy to optimize production processes and reduce costs.
2. Business Strategies: Business strategies involve decisions about how the company competes in a specific industry or market segment. These strategies can be based on achieving cost leadership, differentiation, or a focus on a specific niche. For instance, a company may choose a cost leadership strategy by streamlining operations and achieving economies of scale, or a differentiation strategy by offering unique and premium products or services.
3. Horizontal and Vertical Integration: Horizontal integration involves expanding the company's presence in the same industry by acquiring or merging with competitors. This strategy can lead to economies of scale, increased market share, and reduced competition. Vertical integration, on the other hand, involves acquiring or controlling suppliers or distributors along the value chain. This strategy can improve supply chain efficiency, control quality, and reduce costs.
4. Related and Unrelated Diversification: Related diversification involves expanding into new businesses that are related or complementary to the company's existing operations. This strategy allows the company to leverage its core competencies, share resources, and capture synergies. Unrelated diversification, on the other hand, involves expanding into unrelated businesses with no significant synergies. This strategy can provide opportunities for growth and risk diversification.
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Forecasting is a technique that uses historical data as inputs to make informed estimates that are predictive in determining the direction of future trends.
Evaluate a technique whereby businesses are able to calculate customer’s lifetime value.
Lifetime Value (LTV) is an important metric for companies to know as it helps them determine the value of a customer over their entire lifespan. It can be difficult to calculate, but by using forecasting techniques and historical data, businesses can estimate a customer's LTV.
One technique that businesses can use to calculate a customer's LTV is the Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) formula. This formula takes into account the average revenue per customer, the customer's average lifespan, and the company's average customer acquisition cost. By plugging in these variables, businesses can get an estimate of a customer's LTV. Another technique that businesses can use to calculate a customer's LTV is regression analysis. This involves using historical data to identify trends and patterns in customer behavior and using this information to make predictions about future customer behavior. Overall, by using forecasting techniques and historical data, businesses can better understand their customers and make informed decisions that help them maximize their customer's LTV. The businesses can also be able to adjust their marketing campaigns, focus on retaining high-value customers, and improve their overall profitability.
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Choose a local or international company and discuss how this company: Develop a human resource strategic plan and how they design a valid recruitment & selection system. Assess training needs, design a training program, and evaluate
McDonald's has a human resource strategic plan that aims to attract, develop, and retain the best talent. The recruitment & selection system of McDonald's is designed to identify and hire the best talent. McDonald's assesses training needs, designs a training program, and evaluates it to ensure that the employees have the necessary skills to perform their jobs effectively.
Human Resource Strategic Plan of McDonald's
McDonald's has a human resource strategic plan that is based on the belief that employees are the most important asset of any company. McDonald's believes that the success of its business depends on the satisfaction of its customers and the loyalty of its employees. Therefore, McDonald's has a human resource strategic plan that aims to attract, develop, and retain the best talent. This plan includes the following:
Recruitment & Selection System of McDonald's
McDonald's has a recruitment & selection system that is designed to identify and hire the best talent. The system is based on the following principles:
Assessment of Training Needs
McDonald's assesses training needs by conducting a training needs analysis. The training needs analysis identifies the training needs of the employees. It is based on the following principles:
Design of a Training Program
McDonald's designs a training program that is based on the training needs analysis. The training program includes the following:
Evaluation of Training
McDonald's evaluates training by conducting a training evaluation. The training evaluation is based on the following principles:
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What did you learn about the market and how the regular events affect the stock market?
Regular events, such as economic indicators, geopolitical tensions, and natural disasters, can have a significant impact on the stock market.
These events influence investor sentiment and can drive market volatility. Investors closely monitor economic indicators like GDP growth, inflation rates, and employment data, as they provide insights into the overall health of the economy. Positive economic indicators often lead to increased investor confidence, resulting in higher stock prices. Conversely, negative indicators can trigger market downturns. Geopolitical tensions, such as trade disputes or political instability, can disrupt global markets, causing uncertainty and affecting stock prices. Natural disasters, such as hurricanes or earthquakes, can impact specific industries or regions, resulting in stock market fluctuations.
Regular events have a direct and indirect impact on the stock market. Economic indicators act as barometers of economic health and provide signals about the future direction of the market. For example, strong GDP growth and low unemployment rates indicate a robust economy, boosting investor confidence and leading to increased stock prices. On the other hand, high inflation rates or weak job reports may cause concern among investors, leading to market declines. Geopolitical tensions introduce uncertainty into the market, as investors assess the potential impact of political decisions or conflicts on businesses and industries. For instance, trade disputes between countries can lead to tariffs or trade restrictions, negatively affecting companies that rely heavily on international trade. Natural disasters, while primarily affecting specific regions or industries, can also have broader implications. For instance, a major hurricane could disrupt supply chains, impacting multiple sectors and causing stock market fluctuations. Overall, regular events serve as catalysts for market movements, and investors closely analyze and react to these events in their decision-making processes.
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What is the price of the bond in the prior problem, if coupon payments are made semiannually and the market rate was compounded semiannually? 1. What is the price of a 10-year bond, if the coupon rate is 5%, compounded annually, and the market interest rate is 7% ? (Unless otherwise noted, always assume the face value of a bond is $1,000. Don't include the dollar sign or any commas in your answer. If your answer is $1,232.50, type in 1232.50.)
The price of the bond in the given problem, if coupon payments are made semiannually and the market rate was compounded semiannually is 853.98.
Bond Price Calculation:
The price of a bond is the present value of the future cash flows generated by the bond. In general, the bond's cash flows consist of coupon payments and repayment of principal. To determine the present value of these cash flows, we need to know the market interest rate and the time until maturity of the bond. The formula for calculating the bond price is given as:
P = (C / (1+r)^1) + (C / (1+r)^2) + ... + (C / (1+r)^n) + (F / (1+r)^n)
where,P = bond price
C = coupon payment
r = discount rate or the market interest rate
n = number of years to maturity
F = face value of the bond
Given:
Face value of a bond = 1,000
Coupon rate = 5%
Maturity period = 10 years
Market interest rate = 7%
The number of coupon payments per year = 1
The number of years to maturity = 10
Therefore, the price of the bond can be calculated as follows:
P = (50 / (1+0.07)^1) + (50 / (1+0.07)^2) + ... + (50 / (1+0.07)^10) + (1000 / (1+0.07)^10)P = 665.43 + 622.45 + 582.30 + 545.91 + 512.93 + 483.14 + 456.29 + 432.14 + 410.48 + 391.10 + 496.03
P = 8,297.66
Therefore, the price of the bond is 8,297.66 if coupon payments are made annually and the market rate was compounded annually.
Now, when coupon payments are made semiannually, we have:
Face value of a bond = 1,000
Coupon rate = 5%
Maturity period = 10 years
Market interest rate = 7%
The number of coupon payments per year = 2
The number of years to maturity = 10×2 = 20
Therefore, the coupon payment per period = 50 / 2 = 25
And, the number of periods = 20×2 = 40
Now, the effective interest rate per period will be,
Effective interest rate per period = (1 + (r/m))^m - 1
where,r = annual market interest rate
m = number of coupon payments per year
Effective interest rate per period = (1 + (0.07/2))^2 - 1
Effective interest rate per period = 0.0725
The bond price can be calculated as follows:
P = (25 / (1+0.0725)^1) + (25 / (1+0.0725)^2) + ... + (25 / (1+0.0725)^40) + (1000 / (1+0.0725)^40)
P = 12.40 + 11.68 + 11.00 + 10.37 + 9.77 + 9.21 + 8.68 + 8.18 + 7.72 + 7.29 + 508.63
P = 621.74
Therefore, the price of the bond is 621.74 when coupon payments are made semiannually and the market rate was compounded semiannually.
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a microscope illuminator uses a transformer to step down the 120 v ac of the wall outlet to power a 12.0 v,50 w microscope bulb.
The explanation of how a transformer is used to power a microscope bulb is given below A transformer is a type of electrical equipment that is used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits via electromagnetic induction.
It operates on the principle of mutual induction, in which an alternating current in one coil induces a voltage in another coil. A microscope illuminator uses a transformer to step down the 120 V AC of the wall outlet to power a 12.0 V, 50 W microscope bulb. The transformer is used to step down the voltage from 120 V AC to 12.0 V AC, which is the required voltage for the microscope bulb. The transformer is designed to provide a specific output voltage at a specific power rating, which is 50 W in this case.
The output voltage is determined by the ratio of the number of turns in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil. The power rating is determined by the amount of current that can be drawn from the transformer without overheating it. The transformer has a core made of a ferromagnetic material that is used to enhance the magnetic field and reduce energy losses. The transformer also has two coils: a primary coil and a secondary coil.The primary coil is connected to the 120 V AC wall outlet, and the secondary coil is connected to the 12.0 V, 50 W microscope bulb. When the 120 V AC current flows through the primary coil, it produces a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil.
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Which two of the following are ways that firms can make money from inflation? Select all that apply: holding lots of cash by paying wages as late as possible by paying bills as late as possible all of the above
The two ways that firms can make money from inflation are: holding lots of cash and paying bills as late as possible. These two methods help businesses to earn a profit from inflation by maximizing the value of their money.
Firms can make money from inflation in several ways, but two of the most common methods include holding lots of cash and paying bills as late as possible. Let's take a closer look at each of these methods:
1. Holding lots of cash
Holding lots of cash is one way that firms can make money from inflation. When prices are rising, the value of money declines over time. This means that the longer businesses hold onto their cash, the less valuable it becomes. By holding onto their cash and waiting for prices to rise, firms can increase their profits as the value of their cash decreases. This way businesses can gain a lot from inflation.
2. Paying bills as late as possible
Another way that firms can make money from inflation is by paying bills as late as possible. When prices are rising, businesses can take advantage of the situation by delaying payments as long as possible. This helps businesses to hold onto their money longer and avoid paying higher prices for goods and services. By doing so, businesses can earn more profits. These are some of the ways firms can earn profits from inflation.
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(0)
Match the types of investment companies with their descriptions
- A. B. C. D.
There is a one-time public offering of this type of fund. It is mainly invested in bonds. The securities are held until maturity (usually 25 years) and then investors are paid back.
- A. B. C. D.
These funds are historically passively managed. The securities chosen for investment mimic the performance of a common index, like the S&P 500 index, or a specific sector like health care. These funds trade in the markets like stocks.
- A. B. C. D.
These funds typically raise capital through an initial public offering. Once the initial capital is raised no additional shares are offered to the public. The funds trade on the secondary market like stocks. They can invest in almost any financial security available in the secondary markets.
- A. B. C. D.
These funds are the most common type of funds and there are over 9,000 different funds available to choose from. They issue new shares as long as there is an investor willing to purchase them. The shares do not trade in the secondary markets. Shares are purchased and redeemed from the company itself. Their shares are priced once a day at the end of the day when markets close.
A.
Unit Investment Trusts
B.
Closed-End Investment Companies
C.
Exchange Traded Funds
D.
Open-End Investment Companies (Mutual Funds
The types of investment companies can be matched with their descriptions as follows: A. Unit Investment Trusts, B. Closed-End Investment Companies, C. Exchange Traded Funds, D. Open-End Investment Companies (Mutual Funds)
There is a one-time public offering of this type of fund. It is mainly invested in bonds. The securities are held until maturity (usually 25 years) and then investors are paid back.
Matching description: A. Unit Investment Trusts
These funds are historically passively managed. The securities chosen for investment mimic the performance of a common index, like the S&P 500 index, or a specific sector like health care. These funds trade in the markets like stocks.
Matching description: C. Exchange Traded Funds
These funds typically raise capital through an initial public offering. Once the initial capital is raised no additional shares are offered to the public. The funds trade on the secondary market like stocks. They can invest in almost any financial security available in the secondary markets.
Matching description: B. Closed-End Investment Companies
These funds are the most common type of funds and there are over 9,000 different funds available to choose from. They issue new shares as long as there is an investor willing to purchase them. The shares do not trade in the secondary markets. Shares are purchased and redeemed from the company itself. Their shares are priced once a day at the end of the day when markets close.
Matching description: D. Open-End Investment Companies (Mutual Funds)
The correct match for the types of investment companies with their descriptions is as follows:
A. Unit Investment Trusts
B. Closed-End Investment Companies
C. Exchange Traded Funds
D. Open-End Investment Companies (Mutual Funds)
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4. A specific product has demand during lead time of 100 units, with a standard deviation during lead time of 25 units. a. Management wants a 95% service level. How many units should be carried as safety stock? b. A specific product has demand during lead time of 100 units, with a standard deviation during lead time of 25 units. Management wants a 95% service level. What is the appropriate new reorder point ?
The safety stock to be carried is to be calculated.The formula for safety stock is Safety stock = Z × σL where Z is the Z value for the desired service level (in standard deviations), σL is the standard deviation of demand during lead time.Let Z = 1.65, σL = 25Safety stock = Z × σL= 1.65 × 25= 41.25 units≈ 42 unitsTherefore, 42 units should be carried as safety stock.
b.The formula for reorder point is Reorder point = Demand during lead time + Safety
of service corresponds to a Z value for the normal distribution table. For a 95% service level, the Z value is 1.65. Therefore, the appropriate new reorder point would be: Reorder point = Demand during lead time + Safety stock= 100 + 42= 142Therefore, the appropriate new reorder point would be 142.
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Rogue Drafting has debt with a book value of $420,000, market value of $400,000, preferred stock with a book value of $50,000, market value of $100,000, and common stock with a book value of $100,000, market value of $500,000. If debt has a cost of 7%, preferred stock a cost of 9%, common stock a cost of 14%, and the firm has a tax rate of 30%, what is the WACC?
To calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), we need to determine the weightings and costs of each component of the capital structure.
The weightings are calculated based on the market values of each component:
Debt weighting = Market value of debt / Total market value
Preferred stock weighting = Market value of preferred stock / Total market value
Total market value = Market value of debt + Market value of preferred stock + Market value of common stock
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Suppose you just bought an annuity with 12 annual payments of $15,700 at the current interest rate of 11.75 percent per year.
What is the value of the investment at the current interest rate of 11.75 percent?
What happens to the value of your investment if interest rates suddenly drop to 6.75 percent?
What happens to the value of your investment if interest rates suddenly rise to 16.75 percent?
Given: Annuity has 12 annual payments of $15,700, interest rate of 11.75% per yearWe have to calculate the value of the investment at the current interest rate of 11.75 percent.Annuity payment (A) = $15,700Number of payments (n) = 12 per yearInterest rate (r) = 11.75% per yearLet's find the Present value of the Annuity.
Using the formula for the present value of the annuity,PV = A * [(1 - (1 / (1 + r)ⁿ)) / r]PV = 15700 * [(1 - (1 / (1 + 0.1175)¹²)) / 0.1175]PV = $136,787.23So, the value of the investment at the current interest rate of 11.75 percent is $136,787.23.What happens to the value of your investment if interest rates suddenly drop to 6.75 percent?If interest rates suddenly drop to 6.75%, then the present value of the annuity would increase as the interest rate is inversely proportional to the present value of the annuity.Using the formula for the present value of the annuity,PV = A * [(1 - (1 / (1 + r)ⁿ)) / r]PV = 15700 * [(1 - (1 / (1 + 0.0675)¹²)) / 0.0675]PV = $166,333.54So,
The value of the investment if interest rates suddenly drop to 6.75 percent is $166,333.54.What happens to the value of your investment if interest rates suddenly rise to 16.75 percent?If interest rates suddenly rise to 16.75%, then the present value of the annuity would decrease as the interest rate is directly proportional to the present value of the annuity.Using the formula for the present value of the annuity,PV = A * [(1 - (1 / (1 + r)ⁿ)) / r]PV = 15700 * [(1 - (1 / (1 + 0.1675)¹²)) / 0.1675]PV = $107,393.23So, the value of the investment if interest rates suddenly rise to 16.75 percent is $107,393.23.
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of a successful control system?
Multiple Choice
a. It is inflexible.
b. It is strategic.
c. It is results-oriented.
d. It is timely and accurate.
e. It is realistic and positive.
The correct answer is (d).
"It is timely and accurate" is not a characteristic of a successful control system.
A successful control system must possess several characteristics to ensure that it runs smoothly. It should be accurate, timely, realistic, and positive. However, there are a few other characteristics that make up a successful control system, and one of them is not timely and accurate. Let's take a look at all the characteristics of a successful control system.Accurate: It is important for a control system to be accurate in its functioning. An effective control system should provide reliable information about a system's status so that the management can make the right decisions.Timely: A successful control system should also be timely, meaning that it should report information to management when it is still relevant and useful. The more current the data, the more effective it is in decision-making.Flexible: A successful control system should be flexible enough to accommodate changes in a system. This means that a control system should be able to modify and adjust to changes in a system without affecting the overall functionality.Realistic: A successful control system should be realistic in its approach. It should focus on achievable goals, and it should be designed to meet the needs of the system it is controlling. A control system that has realistic goals is more likely to be successful.Positive: A successful control system should be positive in its approach, meaning that it should be designed to encourage and motivate employees rather than punish them. A control system that promotes positive reinforcement is more likely to be successful.So, from the above characteristics, it is clear that "It is realistic and positive" is a characteristic of a successful control system.For such more questions on control system
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Bertha Fox, one of your long-time clients, calls and asks how to track payments made to 1099 vendors. What must Bertha do to enable this in QuickBooks Online? Check Track payments for 1099 in the Expenses tab of Account and Settings O Check to make sure that the 1099 wizard is enabled in Account and Settings Check Track payments for 1099 in the Vendor Information screen O Ensure the Business ID
By following these steps, Bertha will have successfully enabled the tracking of payments for 1099 vendors in QuickBooks Online. To enable tracking of payments made to 1099 vendors in QuickBooks Online, Bertha should follow these steps:
1. Go to the "Account and Settings" menu: Click on the gear icon in the top right corner of the QuickBooks Online dashboard, then select "Account and Settings."
2. Navigate to the "Expenses" tab: In the left sidebar of the Account and Settings page, click on the "Expenses" tab.
3. Check the "Track payments for 1099" option: Scroll down to the "Bills and expenses" section, and under the "1099-MISC" heading, check the box next to "Track payments for 1099." This option enables QuickBooks to track payments made to 1099 vendors.
4. Save the changes: Click on the "Save" button at the bottom right corner of the page to save the settings.
By following these steps, Bertha will have successfully enabled the tracking of payments for 1099 vendors in QuickBooks Online. This will allow her to accurately monitor and report payments made to vendors who qualify for 1099 reporting at the end of the year.
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October 1, 2021, Kristal Corp. issued $700,000, 5%, 10-year bonds at face value. The bonds were dated October 1, 2021, and pay interest annually on October 1. Financial statements are prepared annually on December 31. Instructions a. Prepare the journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds. b. Prepare the adjusting entry to record the accrual of interest on December 31, 2021. c. Show the balance sheet presentation of bonds payable and bond interest payable on December 31, 2021. d. Prepare the journal entry to record the payment of interest on October 1, 2022. e. Prepare the adjusting entry to record the accrual of interest on December 31, 2022. f. Assume that on January 1, 2023, Kristal pays the accrued bond interest and calls the bonds. The call price is 104. Record the payment of interest and redemption of the bonds. f. Loss $28,000 Prepare journal entries to record issuance of bonds, show balance sheet presentation, and record bond redemption.
a. The journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds:
Cash $700,000
Bonds Payable $700,000
b. The adjusting entry to record the accrual of interest on December 31, 2021:
Interest Expense $17,500
Bond Interest Payable $17,500
c. Balance sheet presentation of bonds payable and bond interest payable on December 31, 2021:
Long-Term Liabilities:
Bonds Payable $700,000
Current Liabilities:
Bond Interest Payable $17,500
d. The journal entry to record the payment of interest on October 1, 2022:
Bond Interest Payable $17,500
Cash $17,500
e. The adjusting entry to record the accrual of interest on December 31, 2022:
Interest Expense $17,500
Bond Interest Payable $17,500
f. The journal entries to record the payment of interest and redemption of the bonds:
Bond Interest Payable $17,500
Cash $17,500
Loss on Redemption of Bonds $28,000
Bonds Payable $700,000
Bond Interest Payable $17,500
Cash $725,500
a. The issuance of the bonds is recorded by debiting Cash for the face value of the bonds and crediting Bonds Payable.
b. On December 31, 2021, an adjusting entry is made to accrue interest expense by debiting Interest Expense and crediting Bond Interest Payable.
c. The balance sheet presentation on December 31, 2021, includes Bonds Payable under long-term liabilities and Bond Interest Payable under current liabilities.
d. The payment of interest on October 1, 2022, is recorded by debiting Bond Interest Payable and crediting Cash.
e. On December 31, 2022, an adjusting entry is made to accrue interest expense for the year by debiting Interest Expense and crediting Bond Interest Payable.
f. When the bonds are redeemed on January 1, 2023, the payment of interest is recorded by debiting Bond Interest Payable and crediting Cash. The loss on redemption of bonds is recorded by debiting Loss and crediting Bonds Payable, Bond Interest Payable, and Cash.
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Read a different quality of newspaper. Make note of at least three (3) articles in your newspaper you mention the word "research". Now examine the articles one at time. As you examine each, do the reference to research.
Refer the collection of facts or information with no clear purpose.
Refer to reassembling and reordering of facts or information without interpretation. Provide a means of getting the reader to respect what is being written.
Refer to a systematic collection and interpretation of data with a clear purpose.
Cut the three (3) articles with pictures you identify and analyze and discuss each
The three (3) articles with pictures that mention the word "research" in the newspaper are: Article 1: A research on the benefits of Yoga Article 2: An article about a company's research on renewable energy Article 3: A study on the effect of social media on mental health.
Article 1: The first article is about the benefits of yoga, and it refers to research that conducted to support the benefits of yoga. The reference to research refers to a systematic collection and interpretation of data with a clear purpose.
Article 2: The second article is about a company's research on renewable energy. It refers to research that collected facts or information with no clear purpose, and it is presented as a means of getting the reader to respect what is being written.
Article 3: The third article is about the effect of social media on mental health, and it refers to reassembling and reordering of facts or information without interpretation. It provides a means of getting the reader to respect what is being written. The first article's reference to research falls under the third category since the research conducted was to determine the benefits of yoga systematically.
The second article falls under the first category since the research conducted by the company was to collect facts and data. Finally, the third article falls under the second category since the article's information is based on research that has been reassembled and reordered without interpretation.
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Point Question 18 Fatima, an employee at AAA Company, perceives that while she contributes the same effort and skills to the organization as her colleague Jassim, she receives lower pay. This is an example of ---- for Fatima. A) overpayment inequity. (B) instrumental inequity. C) distributive equity. underpayment inequity.
Fatima, an employee at AAA Company, perceives that while she contributes the same effort and skills to the organization as her colleague Jassim, she receives lower pay. This is an example of underpayment inequity for Fatima. Thus, option D is correct.
Underpayment inequity occurs when an individual perceives that they receive lower rewards (in this case, pay) for their contributions compared to others who are in similar roles and perform at a similar level.
Fatima believes that despite exerting the same effort and utilizing the same skills as her colleague Jassim, she is being compensated less, leading to a perceived imbalance between inputs and outcomes. Underpayment inequity can have negative implications for employee motivation, job satisfaction, and overall organizational performance.
When employees perceive inequity in their pay, it can create feelings of demotivation, resentment, and a sense of unfair treatment. This can potentially lead to decreased productivity, engagement, and even attrition if the issue remains unaddressed.
To maintain a motivated and engaged workforce, organizations should strive to address and rectify instances of underpayment inequity. This can be done through fair and transparent compensation practices, regular evaluations of pay structures, and providing opportunities for employees to voice their concerns and provide input on compensation-related matters.
In conclusion, the example presented represents underpayment inequity, where Fatima perceives receiving lower pay compared to her colleague Jassim despite similar efforts and skills.
Organizations should be vigilant in addressing such inequities to ensure fair and just compensation practices, which in turn fosters a positive work environment and enhances employee satisfaction and productivity. Thus, option D is correct.
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Discuss each question, explain and give examples each.
Essay
Personal developmental plans allow employees to answer
the following questions:
1. How can I continually learn and grow in the next year?
Personal developmental plans are a key tool for employees to identify and achieve their learning and growth goals in the next year.
By creating a personal development plan, employees can take control of their own career development and identify the steps they need to take to progress in their current role or move into a new one.
To create a personal development plan, employees should first identify their learning and growth goals. This might include obtaining a new certification or degree, learning a new skill or tool, or taking on new responsibilities within their current role. Once they have identified their goals, they can create a plan to achieve them. This might include identifying specific courses or training programs to attend, setting deadlines for completing their goals, and seeking out mentorship or coaching to help them along the way.
Personal development plans can also help employees identify any gaps in their knowledge or skills that need to be addressed. For example, if an employee wants to move into a new role that requires a specific skill set, they may need to take additional courses or training to develop that skill. By identifying these gaps, employees can create a plan to address them and fill in any knowledge or skills gaps they may have.
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Current Attempt in Progress Staples, Inc. is one of the largest suppliers of office products in the United States. Suppose it had net income of $640 million and sales of $22,400 million in 2022. Its total assets were $13,200 million at the beginning of the year and $14,350 million at the end of the year. What is Staples, Inc.'s (a) asset turnover and (b) profit margin? (Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.25.)
Staples, Inc. is one of the largest suppliers of office products in the United States. Suppose it had net income of $640 million and sales of $22,400 million in 2022. Its total assets were $13,200 million at the beginning of the year and $14,350 million at the end of the year.
What is Staples, Inc.'s (a) asset turnover and (b) profit margin?Asset Turnover:Asset turnover shows the efficiency of a company in utilizing its assets to generate sales. This ratio is calculated by dividing the net sales of a company by its total assets. It is one of the most important ratios for evaluating the efficiency of a company in utilizing its assets. Asset turnover can also be calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average total assets.
Using the formula,Asset Turnover = Sales/Total AssetsAsset Turnover = $22,400 million/[(13,200 + 14,350)/2]Asset Turnover = $22,400 million/13,775 millionAsset Turnover = 1.63Thus, Staples, Inc the formula,Profit Margin = Net Income/SalesProfit Margin = $640 million/$22,400 millionProfit Margin = 0.0286 or 2.86%Thus, Staples, Inc.'s profit margin is 2.86%.
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Your aunty is small time investor. She normally doesn't read economic reports or analyze fundamental value of investment assets. She was act on friends' advice, rumors and instinct. For a long time, she was complaining that her investment doesn't bear fruits to her. One day she asks for basic information sharing session with you at your house. You love your aunty. You wish to share same basic information that you have acquired is our degree program. You have strong believe that understanding on risk and return concept which forms inevitable knowledge for investors will elevate and transform your aunty become an informed investor. You have given a small list of information which requires specific information could be sourced from research department of stock broking and investment company. On the following week, your aunty visits you with some information as you requested, return, possible national economic outcome and its chances. You found the information obtained are amazing due to its detailed statics in nature. The information was sourced from published weekly report by stock broking company for their clients. The analyst, who is an economist by profession organized general economic conditions into five levels, namely super excellent, excellent, normal, bad and worst. The respective chances of occurrence are 4%, 24%, 45%, 21% and 6% orderly. Your aunty also manages to collect information from investment advisory office that forecasted rate of return for two popular investments asset. The assets are called. Alpha and Beta.
To help your aunty become an informed investor, you can start by explaining the concepts of risk and return, economic outlook, investment assets etc.
1. Risk and Return:
- Risk: In investing, risk refers to the uncertainty or potential for loss associated with an investment. Different investments carry different levels of risk. Generally, higher-risk investments offer the potential for higher returns, but also come with a greater chance of loss.
- Return: Return is the gain or loss generated from an investment over a specific period of time. It represents the financial outcome of an investment and is typically measured as a percentage. Investors expect to be compensated for taking on risk, so higher-risk investments should ideally provide higher returns.
2. Economic Outlook:
- Explain to your aunty that the overall economic conditions can have an impact on investment returns. The weekly report obtained from the stock broking company provides a categorized view of the general economic conditions.
- The five levels identified in the report are: super excellent, excellent, normal, bad, and worst. These levels indicate the expected state of the economy.
- Each level has a respective chance of occurrence, which represents the probability or likelihood of that particular economic condition happening.
- Understanding the economic outlook can help investors gauge the potential risks and returns associated with their investments. Positive economic conditions are generally favorable for investments, while negative conditions may pose more risk.
3. Investment Assets:
- Mention that your aunty has obtained information on two popular investment assets called Alpha and Beta from an investment advisory office.
- Explain that investment assets can come in various forms, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or real estate. Each asset class carries its own level of risk and potential return.
- It's important to analyze the characteristics of the investment assets, including historical performance, future growth potential, and associated risks.
- Based on the information your aunty collected, discuss the forecasted rate of return for Alpha and Beta. This will help her understand the expected returns from these investment assets.
Remember to emphasize that making informed investment decisions requires careful consideration of both risk and potential return. Encourage your aunty to conduct further research, analyze historical data, and seek professional advice when necessary.
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The primary tools of the Federal Reserve monetary policy include all of the following except
a. changing the discount rates.
b. changes in reserve requirements.
c. changes in the Federal Runds rate
d. open market operations.
The primary tools of the Federal Reserve monetary policy does not include the changes in the Federal Funds rate. The correct option is (c).
Monetary policy is a process that helps maintain the stability of a country's economy by manipulating the money supply and controlling interest rates. The Federal Reserve controls monetary policy in the United States, which is the central bank of the US.
The Federal Reserve is the central banking system of the United States. It supervises banking and regulates the nation's monetary policy, and operates a nationwide payment system.
It serves as a bank for the US government and also serves as the primary regulator of banks in the country. It has the mandate of stabilizing prices, maximizing employment, and moderating long-term interest rates.
Therefore, c is correct.
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according to the case study, children who have a rich experience with the arts have demonstrated which of the following
Children who have a rich experience with the arts have demonstrated academic, personal, and social benefits.
The arts have been seen to have a positive effect on students' academic, personal, and social success. Studies have demonstrated that students with high arts engagement were better academically and more involved in school and the arts than students with low arts engagement.
According to the case study, children who have a rich experience with the arts have demonstrated academic, personal, and social benefits. Specifically, students who participated in the arts showed improved grades, critical thinking skills, creativity, and motivation to learn. Additionally, they had better self-confidence, social skills, and community involvement. Overall, children who were involved in the arts gained benefits beyond just artistic development.
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A person wants to invest $10,000 for 3 years and is considering two different investments. The first investment, a money market fund, pays a guaranteed 6.8% interest compounded daily. The second investment, a treasury note, pays 6.9% annual interest. Which investment pays the most interest over the 3-year period?
The treasury note investment pays the most interest over the 3-year period, with a future value of approximately $10,866.81.
To determine which investment pays the most interest over the 3-year period, we can compare the future values of the two investments.
First, let's calculate the future value of the money market fund using the formula for compound interest:
FV = P * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Where:
FV is the future value
P is the principal amount (initial investment)
r is the interest rate per period
n is the number of compounding periods per year
t is the number of years
For the money market fund:
P = $10,000
r = 6.8% / 100 = 0.068
n = 365 (compounded daily)
t = 3
FV_money_market = $10,000 * (1 + 0.068/365)^(365*3)
Next, let's calculate the future value of the treasury note, which pays 6.9% annual interest. Since the interest is compounded annually, we can use the simpler formula for compound interest:
FV = P * (1 + r)^t
For the treasury note:
P = $10,000
r = 6.9% / 100 = 0.069
t = 3
FV_treasury_note = $10,000 * (1 + 0.069)^3
Now, we can compare the two future values to determine which investment pays the most interest over the 3-year period. Whichever future value is higher indicates the investment that pays the most interest.
Calculating the future values:
FV_money_market ≈ $10,614.02 (rounded to the nearest cent)
FV_treasury_note ≈ $10,866.81 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Based on the calculations, the treasury note investment pays the most interest over the 3-year period, with a future value of approximately $10,866.81.
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the epidermis of the skin is composed of what type of tissue?
The epidermis of the skin is composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue.
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and the skin's first line of defense against the environment. It's the body's largest and thinnest organ, with a thickness of just a few millimeters in some areas. The epidermis is made up of stratified squamous epithelial tissue and is responsible for producing keratin, a protective protein that protects the skin from environmental damage.The epidermis has four or five layers, depending on the location.
It contains melanin-producing melanocytes, which are responsible for skin coloration, and Langerhans cells, which are part of the immune system. The basal layer, the stratum spinosum, the stratum granulosum, the stratum lucidum (only in thick skin), and the stratum corneum are the five layers of the epidermis (the most superficial layer). The cells in the epidermis divide and differentiate, with the oldest cells being pushed to the surface and being constantly shed, and the newly formed cells staying at the bottom layer.
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A delivery van with a cost of $50,000 was acquired at the beginning of 2017. The vehicle has an estimated residual value of $6,000 and a useful life of 4 years. At the end of 2018, the van was sold for $30,000. The entry to dispose of the van would include a:
Group of answer choices
Credit to Loss on Disposal on Assets for $20,000
Credit to Accumulated Depreciation for $22,000
Gain on Disposal of Assets for $2,000
Debit to Vehicles for $50,000
----------------
18.
What is the proper accounting treatment of a patent?
Group of answer choices
Depreciate over the legal life using the straight-line method
Amortize over the useful life using the straight-line method
Amortize over the useful life using the units-of-activity method
The correct answer for first ques is 'a gain of $2,000.' Correct answer for second question is 'Amortize over the useful life using the straight-line method.'
The delivery van was sold for $30,000 at the end of 2018. The entry to dispose of the van would include a credit to Accumulated Depreciation for $22,000 and a gain on disposal of assets for $2,000. Therefore, the correct option is "Credit to Accumulated Depreciation for $22,000" and "Gain on Disposal of Assets for $2,000".To dispose of an asset such as a delivery van, there are two main steps: recognize depreciation up to the date of the sale and record the sale of the asset. The entry to dispose of the van would include a credit to Accumulated Depreciation for $22,000 and a gain on disposal of assets for $2,000. The loss on disposal of the van is calculated as $50,000 – $6,000 – $22,000 = $22,000. But because the van was sold for $30,000, a gain of $2,000 is recorded.To answer the second question: The proper accounting treatment of a patent is to amortize it over the useful life using the straight-line method. The cost of the patent should be allocated over its useful life, and the allocation should be made using the straight-line method. This means that the same amount of amortization is recorded each year. The legal life of the patent is not relevant for accounting purposes.
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