This results in the formation of small fragments known as Okazaki fragments. The role of the ligase is to seal the gaps between the Okazaki fragments and join them to form a continuous strand.
Here are the five sentences to explain the process of DNA replication:The process of DNA replication involves the synthesis of new DNA strands by copying the existing DNA strands.This process is considered semi-conservative since each daughter DNA molecule is composed of one parent strand and one newly synthesized strand.
During DNA replication, the enzyme helicase is responsible for unwinding the double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between the base pairs.The enzyme topoisomerase relieves the tension that arises ahead of the replication fork.
DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand. It can only add nucleotides to the 3’ end of the strand.There are two strands in DNA:
the leading strand and the lagging strand. The leading strand replicates continuously, while the lagging strand replicates discontinuously. The RNA primers are located on the lagging strand and are responsible for providing a free 3’ OH group for DNA polymerase to add nucleotides.
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. In a salt marsh in Agusan, the quantity of solar radiation reaching the ground during the summer is 7,000,000cal/m2/day. The gross productivity of the producers in the salt marsh (mostly microscopic algae) is 0.0040 g/cm2/day. The average rate of respiration (the respiration requirement) is 35% of the gross primary productivity. Ecologists have found that 1 gram of salt marsh producers (the algae) is equivalent to 2,920 calories.
The algae in the salt marsh are very efficient in their use of the solar radiation they receive.
What is solar radiation?Solar radiation is the energy emitted by the sun in the form of electromagnetic waves. These waves consist of visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation. Solar radiation is important for life on Earth as it provides the energy for photosynthesis and drives the water cycle.
The amount of solar radiation reaching the ground in a salt marsh in Agusan during the summer is 7,000,000cal/m2/day. This energy is used by the producers (microscopic algae) to photosynthesize and produce organic matter. The gross primary productivity (GPP) of the producers in the salt marsh is 0.0040 g/cm2/day. This means that the algae are able to produce 0.0040 grams of organic matter per square centimetre of salt marsh every day.
The respiration requirement for the algae is 35% of the GPP. This means that in order for the algae to survive, they must use 35% of the GPP for respiration. This leaves 65% of the GPP to be used for growth and other metabolic needs.
Finally, ecologists have found that 1 gram of salt marsh producers (the algae) is equivalent to 2,920 calories. This means that 1 gram of algae in the salt marsh contains enough energy to provide 2,920 calories. This indicates that the algae in the salt marsh are very efficient in their use of the solar radiation they receive.
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Which statement best describes how a bee moves pollen from one plant to another?
Answer:
When a bee lands on a flower, the hairs all over the bees' body attract pollen grains through electrostatic forces.
Stiff hairs on their legs enable them to groom the pollen into specialized brushes or pockets on their legs or body, and then carry it back to their nest.
Using same information about Hemophilia , cross a woman whose blood clots normally with a man has hemophilia . Show genotypic and phenotypic percentages of the generation .
Normal-blooded women and men with hemophilia produce offspring with a percentage of 50% carrier girls (XᴴXʰ) and 50% normal boys (XᴴY).
Determining the percentage of offspring genotypesTo find the genotype of the offspring, first determine the genotype of the parents. From the data in the question, genotypes can be made as follows:
Normal blood woman = XᴴXᴴHemophiliac man = XʰYAfter the genotype is found, then cross the genotype:
Mother × Father
XᴴXᴴ × XʰY
Xᴴ × Xʰ, Y
--> Xᴴ × Xʰ = XᴴXʰ (carrier woman)
--> Xᴴ × Y = XᴴY (normal man)
From the results of the cross above, two offspring were produced, namely a carrier female and a normal male. So it can be concluded that the percentage of offspring is 50% carrier women and 50% normal men.
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When does the egg begin the 2nd round of meiosis?
A) when the egg was first made
B) before it is released from the ovary
C) after a sperm enters the egg cell
Answer: After ovulation the oocyte is arrested in metaphase of meiosis II until fertilization. At fertilization, the secondary oocyte completes meiosis II to form a mature oocyte (23,1N) and a second polar body.
Explanation:
The Irish Lumper variety of potato was introduced into Ireland in the early 1800s. The Lumper soon became the only variety of potato grown in much of Ireland. The potato blight destroyed most of the Lumper crop between 1845 and 1852 resulting in the death of about 1 million Irish from starvation.
A researcher suggests that the Irish monoculture (growing a single crop) of the Lumper potato did not significantly change the overall resistance of the potato crop in Ireland to diseases. Which of the following observations best refutes this null hypothesis?
A - Before the arrival of the potato blight, there were already two other potato plant diseases in Ireland.
B - The number of fatalities from the Irish potato famine was greater than the rest of the European countries combined.
C - During the early nineteenth century, the vast majority of people in Ireland depended on the Lumper potato for food.
D - Growing more varieties of potatoes increases competition for available resources, which may yield fewer potatoes.
The number of fatalities from the Irish potato famine was greater than the rest of the European countries combined. Thus the correct answer is option (B).
Irish potatoes' genetic homogeneity made the potato famine that wiped out Ireland's population and economy worse. Evolutionary theory warns against relying on crops with little genetic variety. We might be able to stop significant crop loss caused by shifting environmental circumstances if we pay attention to expert advice and historical lessons. The Irish were able to feed their expanding population in the 1800s by cultivating potatoes. They grew only the "lumper" variety of potato. Furthermore, because potatoes can be replicated vegetatively, all of these lumpers were identical clones. For a while, the lumper gave Ireland food, but it also created the circumstances that resulted in significant economic and social catastrophe. According to evolutionary theory, populations with lesser genetic diversity are more vulnerable to changing environmental conditions than populations with higher genetic diversity. When the ecology of the country changed and a potato disease appeared there in the 1840s, the potatoes (and the people who depended on them) were destroyed. It is likely that the Irish potato clones had little genetic variation.
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Estimate the probability of this disorder occurring in the offspring of a marriage between first cousins. Enter your answer as either a fraction or a decimal. Part B Compare this probability to the population at large. Inbreeding increases the probability of this disorder. Inbreeding decreases the probability of this disorder. Inbreeding does not change the probability of this disorder.
Part A -The likelihood of having Autosomal Recessive Disorder is 1 in 10,000 people = 0.0001.
Part B - Inbreeding increases the probability of disorder.
Autosomal Recessive Disorder inheritance is the way genetic traits or conditions are passed from parent to child. Genetic conditions can occur when a child inherits a mutated (altered) copy of the gene from each parent. Parents of children with an autosomal recessive disorder usually do not have the disorder. Consanguineous offspring may be at increased risk for recessive diseases due to the expression of autosomal recessive gene mutations inherited from a common ancestor.
The following Genotypes can be found in the first two cousins:
A stands for dominant allele.
a denotes a recessive allele.
1) AA X AA
Normal for all offspring.
There are no problems.
2) AA X Aa
Genotype of offspring = AA and Aa.
Because the phenotype is normal, the condition does not exist.
3) Aa X Aa
Genotype of offspring = AA, Aa, and aa.
The condition affects one-quarter of all offspring.
1/4 are typical,
Half of them are carriers.
4) aa X aa
All offspring are afflicted by the condition.
If we assume the cousins to be carriers[because their genotype is not indicated, we will consider them to be carriers], affected kids are generated.
Carriers' probability = 0.02
By 1/2, both cousins are carriers.
And the likelihood that the child may be impacted - 1/4 or 25%
Total Probability is equal to 1/2 * 0.02 * 1/2 * 0.02
= 0.0001
As a result, the pair might have afflicted offspring by 0.0001.
Possessing the normal alleles has no effect on 25% of people; carrying one impacted and one unaffected allele has no effect on 50% of people. Carrying the afflicted Alleles affects 25% of the population.
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What causes the urge to defecate?
Question 11 options:
a stretched rectum
dehydration in the small intestine
muscle movement in the ascending colon
contractions in the ileum
Answer:
a stretched rectum
Explanation:
The urge to defecate is caused by the stretching of the rectum. The rectum is the last part of the large intestine and it is where feces are stored until a person has a bowel movement.
When the rectum is stretched by the accumulation of feces, the muscles in the rectum walls contract, creating an urge to defecate. This is known as the gastrocolic reflex, and it is the body's way of signaling that it is time to have a bowel movement.
The stretching of the rectum stimulates the nerves in the rectal walls, which then send a signal to the brain to initiate the urge to defecate. The contractions of the rectum also help to move the feces towards the anus, which makes it easier to pass them out of the body.
It is important to regularly have bowel movements to prevent the accumulation of feces in the rectum and maintain good digestive health.
The most common reason that introduced species cause trouble is because they are larger than native species. True or False
The fact that introduced species can result in biological exponential multiplication does not mean that they are a threat to biodiversity.
Biodiversity is defined as the variety of all living things, including various plants, animals, and microorganisms. It is often investigated at three levels: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecological diversity. We cannot have healthy ecosystems, which we rely on to provide the air we breathe and the food we consume, without a variety of animals, plants, and bacteria. One reason why introduced species are a hazard to biodiversity is that they have the potential to become invasive species that supplant native species and prey on native species, causing unnatural reductions in native species populations. Even if imported species have the potential to multiply biologically exponentially, this does not necessarily entail that they endanger biodiversity.
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Researchers have observed striped hyenas and gray wolves hunting together in certain areas. One hypothesis suggests that changing hunting behavior aids both species in obtaining better and more resources. In this hypothesis the hyenas benefit because the wolves chase and take down large animals, such as goats, that the hyenas usually cannot catch alone. The wolves benefit from hyenas using their jaw strength to crack open large bones of prey to access additional nutrients from bone marrow.
Drag the ecological relationship that best fits the relationship for each example.
Hynas and gray volves are Commensalism. and Gray and goats shows mutualism.
What is Commensalism?Along with the term mutualism, the phrase was first used in 1876 by Belgian naturalist and paleontologist Pierre-Joseph van Beneden. The term was first used by Beneden to describe the behavior of carcass-eating animals that pursued predators in order to consume their leftover food.
The Latin term commensalis, which means "sharing a table," is where the word commensalism originates. Even though the term can be used in other sciences, commensalism is most frequently studied in the fields of ecology and biology.
Mutualism is a connection wherein two organisms gain from one another. A relationship in which one organism suffers harm while the other is unaffected is known as amensalism.
Therefore, Hynas and gray volves are Commensalism. and Gray and goats shows mutualism.
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1) Which is not true about polyploidy?
A) It is caused by crossing over
B) It can produce hardy and vigorous plants
C) It never occurs in animals
D) It is lethal in humans
Answer:
It should be A) It is caused by crossing over
A cross was carried out between pure breed tall pea plant with pure dwarf pea plant and F¹ progeny was obtained
Answer:
This is an example of a genetic cross in biology, specifically a monohybrid cross. The F1 progeny are the offspring of the cross between the purebred tall and purebred dwarf pea plants, and they exhibit a phenotype (observable physical characteristics) that is a combination of the traits of both parents. This type of cross allows for the examination of dominant and recessive traits, as well as the study of inheritance patterns.
Explanation:
Answer: A cross was carried out between pure breed tall pea plants with pure dwarf pea plants and F¹ progeny is obtained.
Explanation:
When tall plants were crossed with the dwarf pea plants in Mendel’s experiment, then in the first generation i.e. F1 progeny, only tall plants were obtained and no dwarf plant was obtained.
In F2 progeny, there were both tall and dwarf pea plants. The ratio of dwarf and pea plants was found to be 3:2.
In F2 progeny, there were both tall and dwarf pea plants. The ratio of dwarf and pea plants was found to be 3:2 which confirmed that in F2 progeny, both the characteristics were inherited and the tall character of the pea plant was found to be dominative and dwarf to be recessive. This was the law of segregation which says that when plants of different traits were crossed, then in the first progeny only the dominant character was observed whereas, in the F2 progeny, both dominant and recessive traits were obtained.
Choose one of the following two sides. Make an argument in favor of it over the other option. Clearly indicate which option you chose.
A. The United States should encourage the United Nations to help reduce population growth rates in developing nations because doing so will help get the global population size closer to the planet's carrying capacity.
B. The United States should not encourage the United Nations to help reduce population growth rates in developing nations because they should have the same opportunity to grow as the US did in the past.
Answer: Option A is the correct answer
Explanation: A. The United States should encourage the United Nations to help reduce population growth rates in developing nations because doing so will help get the global population size closer to the planet's carrying capacity.
When a chemical reaction is at equilibrium, which of the following statements is true?
A. The concentrations of reactants and products are equal.
B. The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction.
C. The ratio of the concentrations of reactants and products equals 1.0.
D. The reaction is proceeding in the forward direction at a rate to K'eg.
E. The reaction is proceeding in the reverse direction at a rate to K'eg.
ANSWER
The answer isA
Explanation:
it is because in a chemical equilibrium forward reaction equals backward reaction.it is a reverse reaction.
Explain how a patient's neurological symptoms may give an indication of where in the brain an injury occurred.
how long does it take for the vice admiral to in blox fruits with dark fruit
Vice Admiral has about 4,150 HP and slashes for 140 damage. He takes five minutes to re spawn.
When the Vice Admiral Boss is defeated at Marine Fortress in the First Sea, a 10% possibility for obtaining the Coat, a Rare Accessory, remains.
What is the Vice Admiral drop rate?10% of the time, the Vice Admiral will lose his or her coat. This item increases melee damage by 10% and provides 200 Energy.
Indra is without a doubt Rob lox Blox Fruits' most powerful boss. This unit comes in two different versions, both of which have 425,000 HP. The most difficult challenge is defeating In dra twice in a row.
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Since no chemical is completely free of adverse effects, given the right dose and conditions, which of the following statements is most likely to be true O Natural products are safer than synthetic products | Natural products are usually safer than synthetic products Natural products are usually less safe than synthetic products None of the above
None of the above statements can be considered generally true, as the safety of a chemical depends on various factors including dose, exposure, and individual susceptibility.
The safety of a chemical depends on various factors including dose, exposure, and individual susceptibility.
Which is generally safer, natural or synthetic products?None of the above statements can be considered generally true, as the safety of a chemical depends on various factors including dose, exposure, and individual susceptibility.
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When populations share their environment and interact with populations of other species, it is called a.
When populations share their environment and interact with populations of other species, it is called a community.
A community is a group of different populations of organisms that live together and interact with each other within a defined geographical area. In a community, populations of different species may compete with one another for resources such as food, water, and shelter, or they may interact in mutually beneficial ways, such as through symbiosis.
Interactions between different populations in a community can have profound effects on the structure and function of the community as a whole. For example, predator-prey interactions can help regulate population sizes, while mutualistic interactions, such as between plants and pollinators, can promote the survival and reproduction of both populations.
The study of communities and their interactions is a fundamental part of ecology, which seeks to understand the relationships between organisms and their environment. Understanding community dynamics is important for managing natural resources, predicting the effects of human activities on the environment, and conserving biodiversity.
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What are the cell organelles and each of their functions?
Answer:
Cell organelles are specialized structures within a cell that play a vital role in the cell's overall function. There are several different types of organelles, each with its own specific role. The nucleus is the control center of the cell and houses the cell's genetic material. The ribosome is responsible for producing proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum manufactures and transports molecules. The mitochondria provide energy for the cell. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for sorting and packaging molecules for transport. The lysosomes are responsible for breaking down large molecules. The vacuoles store nutrients and other molecules. The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that helps maintain the shape of the cell and aids in transport. Finally, the chloroplast is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells.
A protein has been produced inside a liver cell that needs to be transported to
the bloodstream. The protein is too large to fit through a membrane protein channel,
so the protein is packaged into a vesicle which merges with the plasma membrane,
releasing it to the blood vessel outside the cell. what type of transport?
If a protein has been produced inside a liver cell that needs to be transported to the bloodstream, and this protein is too large to fit through a membrane protein channel, so the protein is packaged into a vesicle which merges with the plasma membrane, then this type of transport is exocytosis.
What is exocytosis cell transport?Exocytosis cell transport is a type of movement of a substance from the cell to the external media by invagination of its plasma membrane.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that exocytosis cell transport involves the invagination of the cell membrane.
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What are the labels of this heart
The heart is a muscle that pumps blood to different parts of the organism. From the left to the right, labels are Pulmonary artery, Cava vein, Right atrium, Right ventricle, Left ventricle, Left atrium, Pulmonary vein, Aorta.
What are the parts of the heart?The heart is a muscle composed of four cameras
2 ventricles2 atriumsA septum divides the two ventricles and another septum separates the two atriums.
When the heart contracts it sends blood. During contraction, blood is ejected from the atrium to the ventricles. Then, from the ventricles to the arteries (pulmonary or aorta).
When the heart relaxes blood enters the cavities. New blood enters and fills first the atrium and then the ventricles again. And the cycle begins all over again.
Steps
1)
Deoxygenated blood returns from the body tissues through the superior cava vein (SCV) or inferior cava vein (IVC).
This blood enters the heart's right atrium (RA), which is the right superior cavity.
2)
Once in the right atrium, blood flows through the tricuspid valve (TV), to the right ventricle (RV), which is the right inferior cavity.
3)
From the right ventricle, the heart pumps blood into the principal pulmonary artery (PPA), through the pulmonary valve (PV).
4)
The pulmonary artery (PPA) takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs, where gas interchange is produced.
5)
Oxygenated blood goes from the lungs to the heart's left atrium (LA), which is the superior left cavity, through the pulmonary veins.
6)
From there, blood flows to the left ventricle (LV), which is the left inferior cavity, through the mitral valve.
7)
Finally, oxygenated blood goes from this last ventricle to the aorta (A) through the aortic valve. And from the aorta oxygenated blood moves to the rest of the body tissues.
Note: Usually, oxygenated blood is represented in red, while deoxygenated blood is represented in blue.
Image (from the left to the right):
Pulmonary arteryCava veinRight atriumRight ventricleLeft ventricleLeft atriumPulmonary veinAortaYou can learn more about the heart parts at
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Why were the earliest cells likely heterotrophs and not autotrophs? (4 points)
Most organisms were multicellular.
They lived in water.
There were low levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
The atmosphere was high in nitrogen.
According to the research, the correct answer is Option C. The earliest cells likely heterotrophs and not autotrophs because there were low levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
What are heterotrophs?They are those that feed on other organisms since they cannot take an inorganic substance and create organic matter for themselves.
In this sense, this characteristic of their nutrition makes them always depend on another living being for their subsistence since in the extreme conditions of the atmosphere in formation, only these simple organisms could obtain energy, nitrogen and carbon from feeding on other living beings.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, Heterotrophs do not have an independent food production system.
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The organisms classified here belong in the kingdom __________ in the domain
Answer:
Animalia; Eukarya
Explanation:
Answer:
. Eukarya; Animalia Eukaryotic cells are found in organisms of the domain Eukarya. These individuals are also Animalia kingdom representatives.
Explanation:
A domain is a more expansive category than a kingdom. There are three domains in this system: domain Bacteria (which corresponds to domain Eubacteria), domain Archaea (which corresponds to kingdom Archaebacteria), and domain Eukarya (which corresponds to kingdoms Fungi, Plantae, Animalia, and kingdom "Protista").
Building Vocabulary: Protein Production Can you complete this paragraph about the cellular processes involved in protein production? Part A Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Reset Help transcription The cellular processes that results in the production of protein begin in the where the mRNA DNA resides. There, the process of creates a molecule of RNA from a molecule of RNA polymerase DNA. The enzyme that performs this process is called . The RNA molecule, which exits the nucleus, is a specific kind of RNA called Once it exits the nucleus via the ribosome tRNA nuclear pores, this molecule travels to a cellular organelle called the . There, the sequence of nucleotides on this molecule is used to create a molecule of protein through the process called This process is helped along by molecules of , each of which nucleus translation recognizes one nucleotide triplet and carries the corresponding amino acid.
The DNA is located in the NUCLEUS, where the biological processes that lead to the creation of protein start.
There, a DNA molecule and an RNA molecule are produced by the TRANSCRIPTION process. This procedure is carried out by an enzyme known as RNA POLYMERASE. The RNA molecule that leaves the nucleus is a particular type of RNA known as mRNA.
This molecule moves to the RIBOSOME, a cellular organelle, after leaving the nucleus through the nuclear pores. There, a procedure known as TRANSLATION is employed to build a protein molecule from the nucleotide sequence on this molecule.
The molecules of tRNA, which each identify one nucleotide triplet and carry the associated amino acid, aid in this process.
Anatomy of a nucleusThe nucleus of the cell contains the majority of its genome.
Chromosomes, which are long DNA stands that are protected and organized by various proteins like histones, are frequently formed from nuclear DNA.
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A grass with elongated tillers would likely regrow from __________________ if trimmed near grounf level
a. Basal buds
b. Axillary buds
c. horizontal roots
d. Intact growing points
A grass with elongated tillers would likely regrow from basal buds if trimmed near ground level.
What are basal buds?Basal buds are small growth points located at the base of a plant's stem near the soil surface. They have the potential to produce new shoots and leaves, and are an important factor in the regrowth and survival of many herbaceous plants.
When a plant is trimmed, cut back, or damaged, the basal buds can activate and produce new growth, allowing the plant to regenerate and continue to grow. This characteristic makes basal buds a valuable adaptation for many grasses and other plants that face regular disturbances, such as mowing or grazing, in their natural habitats.
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suggest any two contraceptive methods to control the size of human population and explain them
Answer:
Explanation:
1)Government should apply schemes to avoid over population
2)Government should apply laws to control the population
Answer:
(i) Barrier method using condoms
Explanation:
Abstinence. Surgical methods. Oral contraceptives. Natural/Traditional method.
Red blood cells carry antigens on their surfaces coded for by alleles of the gene designated by the letter i. Ia is dominant to i and produces antigen a on the surface of red blood cells. The ib allele is also dominant to the i allele and produces antigen b on the surface of red blood cells. The i allele does not produce surface antigens.
Red blood cells carry antigens on their surfaces that are determined by alleles of the gene designated by the letter "i". The Ia allele is dominant over the i allele and produces antigen "a" on the surface of red blood cells.
The ib allele is also dominant to the i allele and produces antigen "b" on the surface of red blood cells. The i allele does not produce any surface antigens. This information can be useful in blood transfusions and understanding the immune system, as an individual with the Ia allele will have red blood cells with antigen "a" on their surface and an individual with the ib allele will have red blood cells with antigen "b" on their surface. These antigens can trigger an immune response if mismatched during a blood transfusion, so it is important to match blood type based on these antigens.
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Hypothesis for an onion lab report (hypotonic)
Purpose: The goal is to get knowledge of some of a cell's basic building blocks and to look into onion cell structure. Additionally, the aim of this experiment is to examine the appearance of an onion skin cell in a hypotonic solution under a microscope.
You have had some practice using the compound light microscope to view a variety of objects. Now you are ready to prepare your own slide of the plant cell under isotonic and hypotonic solution, and view it using the compound light microscope. From learning about diffusion and osmosis, you know that plant and animal cells are filled with cytoplasm, which is a jelly-like fluid that consists of water and solutes (salts, sugars, carbon dioxide, fat droplets, etc). Cells are surrounded by extracellular fluid, which also consists of water and solutes. The balance between the water and solutes in the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid is achieved through the process of diffusion and osmosis. In this lab, you will find out what happens to onion cells when they are placed in a hypotonic or hypertonic solution.
Create a hypothesis using this information.
Answer: As cell walls and large vacuoles are clearly observed in all the cells, the cells placed for observation are plant cells.
Explanation:
What is a solution's molarity, if its absorbance is 0.8?
A molar solution is defined as an aqueous solution that contains 1 mole (gram-molecular weight) of a compound dissolved in 1 liter of a solution
What is a Molar Solution?Molarity is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. For example, if you diffuse table salt in water, salt is the solute, molarity, and water is the solution. One mole of sodium chloride weighs 58.44 grams. If you melt 58.44 grams of NaCl in one liter of water, you have a one-molar solution, shortened as 1M
Molarity of a given solution is defined as the total number of moles of solute per liter of solution. while the molarity of a solution is identical to the moles of solute divided by the volume of solution in liters.
So we can conclude that Molarity is another quality expression of solution concentration.
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The molarity of a solution with an absorbance of 0.8 would be indeterminable without more information.
Obtaining the molarity of a solution from its absorbanceThe absorbance (A) of a solution is a measure of its ability to absorb light and is related to its concentration.
The relationship between absorbance and concentration is described by the Beer-Lambert law, which states that A is proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species in the solution (c), the length of the path the light travels through the solution (l), and a constant, the molar absorptivity (ε), which is specific to the absorbing species:
A = ε * c * l
To determine the concentration of a solution if its absorbance is known, we need to know the value of the molar absorptivity (ε) for the absorbing species and the length of the path the light travels through the solution (l).
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Create a hypothesis using the following info:
You have had some practice using the compound light microscope to view a variety of objects. Now you are ready to prepare your own slide of the plant cell under isotonic and hypotonic solution, and view it using the compound light microscope. From learning about diffusion and osmosis, you know that plant and animal cells are filled with cytoplasm, which is a jelly-like fluid that consists of water and solutes (salts, sugars, carbon dioxide, fat droplets, etc). Cells are surrounded by extracellular fluid, which also consists of water and solutes. The balance between the water and solutes in the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid is achieved through the process of diffusion and osmosis. In this lab, you will find out what happens to onion cells when they are placed in a hypotonic or hypertonic solution.
Hypothesis: When onion cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, they will absorb more water due to osmosis, causing the cells to swell and increase in size. Conversely, when onion cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, they will lose water through osmosis, causing the cells to shrink and decrease in size. This will be observed through the use of the compound light microscope.
Animals that eat a variety of meats, fruits, and vegetables are
a
carnivores.
b
omnivores.
c
decomposers.
d
herbivores.
Answer:
The answer is B.
Explanation:
