The oxidation state of manganese in the reaction is +2 and a balanced half-reaction for the reduction of permanganate ions in an acidic solution can be given as; [tex]MnO_{4}^{-} + 8H^{+} + 5e^{-} ---- > Mn^{2+} + 4H_{2}O[/tex]
Permanganate in chemistry is a general name for the chemical compound which consists of manganate (VII) ion. Permanganate(VII) ion is a strong oxidizing agent because manganese is in a +7 oxidation state and it can be easily reduced and oxidized by other agents.
An acidic solution is a solution that has a high concentration of hydrogen ions therefore the balanced half-reaction for the reduction of permanganate ions in such a solution can be given as;
[tex]MnO_{4}^{-} + 8H^{+} + 5e^{-} ---- > Mn^{2+} + 4H_{2}O[/tex]
Therefore the oxidation state of manganese from this balanced half-reaction is determined to be +2 and water is produced as a by-product
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A liquid can evaporate at any temperature, producing vapor above the surface of the liquid. This vapor exerts a pressure, which is called the ___________. This pressure increases as the temperature of the liquid increases. When this pressure equals the external pressure, the liquid has reached its ___________.vapor pressure; boiling point
A liquid can evaporate at any temperature producing vapor above the surface of the liquid. the vapor exerts a pressure which is called the vapor pressure. When pressure equals the external pressure, the liquid has reached its boiling point.
At a higher temperature, a greater fraction of molecules have enough energy to escape from the liquid. The escape of more molecules per unit of time and the greater average speed of the molecules that escape both contribute to the higher vapor pressure. As temperature increases, the vapor pressure also increases due to the increased average KE and it increases equal the external atmospheric pressure, it reaches its boiling point.
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an electoral system that assigns one seat in a legislative body to represent citizens who live in a district is known as which of the following?
Electors choose from a list of candidates put forth by a party under the most prevalent electoral system, known as party-list proportional representation, which is used in 80 countries.
A method of voting in which the candidate who receives the greatest number of votes in a particular area wins the election, regardless of whether they receive a majority of the vote. The electoral system in which a candidate must receive more than 50% of the vote to prevail. Different majoritarian systems require different types of majorities (simple or absolute), as well as different numbers of representatives to be elected in each electoral district.
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The neutron particles were isolated by Chadwick and contained a neutral electrical charge. When was this discovered in relation to other scientist's atomic hypotheses?
After Rutherford but before Thompson
Before Thompson but after Bohr
Before Bohr and Rutherford
After Thompson and Rutherford
The elementary particles known as neutrons inside the nucleus of an atom were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932 after Thomson and Rutherford. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
What is a neutron?The neutron can be described as a subatomic particle and represented by the symbol 'n' which has a neutral charge, and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. Protons and neutrons are present inside the nuclei of atoms and behave similarly within the nucleus, and each has a mass of one atomic mass unit.
The discovery of the neutron and its properties gave extraordinary developments in atomic physics in the 20th century.
The atomic nucleus's nature was described with the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932. The uncharged neutron was exploited as a new means to study nuclear structure, leading to such discoveries as the formation of new radioactive elements.
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if the mercury in a barometer raises 21.0 centimeters due to a change in ambient pressure, what is the corresponding change in pressure in atm?
The corresponding change in pressure in atm is 0.276 atm.
How does pressure work?Physical pressure applied to an object. Per unit area, a perpendicular force is delivered to the area of the objects. Pascals are a unit of pressure (Pa).
Briefing :
The change in pressure in the mercury barometer is given by ΔP = ρgh where
ρ = density of mercury = 13600 kg/m³,
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s² and
h = height of mercury = 21 cm = 0.21 m
So, ΔP = ρgh
= 13600 kg/m³ × 9.8 m/s² × 0.21 m
= 27988.8 kg/m-s²
= 27988.8 N/m²
= 27988.8 Pa
The change in pressure in atm
Since 1 atm = 101325 Pa
27988.8 Pa = 27988.8 Pa × 1 atm/101325 Pa
= 0.276 atm
So, the corresponding change in pressure in atm is 0.276 atm.
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write balanced equations for the thermal decomposition of potassium nitrate under the following circumstances. (o2 is also formed in both cases.) potassium nitrate, nitrite, and oxide are liquids. include the physical states of reactants and products in the equations.
The required balanced thermal decomposition of potassium nitrate chemical equation is:
2KNO 3(s)→2KNO 2(s)+O2 (g)
Heat causes potassium nitrate to break down into potassium nitrite and oxygen. The crystalline solid potassium nitrate has a color ranging from white to dirty gray. soluble in water. Noncombustible but helps combustible things burn more quickly. An explosion could happen if there is a fire that involves a lot of material or if the material is finely divided. may blow up if exposed to heat or fire for a long time. In fires, toxic nitrogen oxides are created. used in fertilizers, explosives, and solid propellants. Strong oxidizer potassium nitrate, or KNO3, is a crystalline salt that is employed in fertilizer, medicine, and the production of gunpowder.
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Which is the formula to add values from cell A2 to cell A10?.
Answer: A12????
Explanation:
What are amino acids and proteins known as?.
Amino acids and proteins are known as: Amino acids are molecules that integrate to form proteins.
A protein molecule is made from a protracted chain of those amino acids, every connected to its neighbor through a covalent peptide bond. Proteins are therefore additionally called polypeptides.
Amino acids, often known as the constructing blocks of proteins, are compounds that play many critical roles in your frame. You need them for vital techniques which include constructing proteins, hormones, and neurotransmitters.
An amino group is a nitrogen atom bonded to 2 hydrogen atoms. A molecule that consists of an amino purposeful institution is called an amine. Amino corporations are sometimes additionally referred to as amine corporations. Amino is a subcategory of amine.
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Using carbon skeletal notation, write the dehydration-condensation reaction that occurs between ethanol and butanoic acid.
Ethyl butanoate is produced when butanoic acid and ethanol combine.
What ester does butanoic acid and ethanol make?When ethyl butanoate, with the chemical formula C6H12O2, and water are treated with butanoic acid, with the chemical formula C4H8O2 and carboxylic acid as functional groups, respectively, in the presence of an acid catalyst.Ethyl butanoate is produced when butanoic acid and ethanol combine. As per IUPAC regulations, the name of the alkyl chain that was the alcohol before to the reaction comes first when naming an ester. It is ethyl in this instance.The carbon skeletal notation for the given reaction is shown ( find the attachment)
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rapid chemical reactions throughout the body allow you to respond quickly to danger or stress. which two systems are responsible for this reaction?
rapid chemical reactions throughout the body allow you to respond quickly to danger or stress. the nervous system and the endocrine system are responsible for this reaction.
Chemical processes that are finished quickly less than 10^6 seconds are referred to as rapid chemical reactions. German and American researchers recently announced a remarkable achievement: they saw the quickest chemical reaction ever, in which hydrogen atoms attach to a sheet of graphene and subsequently separate from it in a matter of ten quadrillionths of a second. Techniques for rapid chemical reactions developed for analysing membrane-bound proteins.
The classical doctrine of the nervous system in biology establishes that it is a highly sophisticated component of an animal that coordinates its movements and sensory data by sending and receiving signals to and from various sections of its body. The brain, spinal cord, and an intricate web of nerves make up the nervous system.
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A researcher uses several procedures to separate a rock sample into different chemicals. A mass of 50 grams of one chemical is produced. If this chemical cannot be separated into other chemicals, then it is best described as.
A mass of 50 grams of one chemical is produced. If this chemical cannot be separated into other chemicals, then it is best described as an element.
An element is a pure substance that cannot be chemically or physically broken down into simpler substances. Elements are the simplest form of matter, so they cannot be broken down into simpler substances chemically or physically. Elements are the building blocks of all other matter.
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions so elements such as phosphorus and sulfur cannot be broken down into simple substances by these reactions. A compound is a substance composed of two or more chemically bonded elements that can be separated into simpler substances only by chemical means. Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simple substances by ordinary chemical means.
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identify the strongest acid. question 26 options: a) 2.00 m hcl b) 2.00 m hclo c) 2.00 m hcn d) 2.00 m c6h5oh e) 2.00 m hf
The strongest acid is 2.00 m hclo
What are the strong acids?Fluoroantimonic acid, a superacid mixture of antimony pentafluoride and hydrofluoric acid, holds the title of being the strongest of them all.
Here is a list of the chemical formulas for each of the seven strong acids:
Acid chloride: HClO3.Acid hydrobromic: HBr.Acid hydrochloric: HCl.Acid hydroiodized: HI.HNO3, or nitric acid.Acid perchloric: HClO4.H2SO4 is sulfuric acid.Element 118, sometimes known as oganesson, is the heaviest element in terms of atomic weight. Osmium or iridium has the highest density of all elements. The most dense element fluctuates depending on the circumstances because density is dependent on temperature and
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What are the 5 characteristics of covalent compounds?.
Characteristics of covalent compounds are
1. Covalent compounds can be found as soft solids, liquids, or gases.
2. Generally speaking, covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points.
3. Covalent compounds are soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water.
4. They don't conduct electricity when they're solid, molten, or liquid.
What is Covalent bond ?A chemical bond known as a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms to create electron pairs. These electron pairs are referred to as bonding pairs or shared pairs. Covalent bonding is the stable equilibrium of the forces that attract and repel atoms when they share electrons.
In a covalent bond, where the atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons, a compound is created.Learn more about Covalent bond here:
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Is egg albumen an amino acid?.
The egg albumen contains essential amino acid they are complete source of the protein.
The egg albumen or the egg whites contains all the essential amino acids. they are complete source of a protein. essential amino acid can not be naturally produced by the human being , so they must be taken through the diet. The egg albumen are water source proteins found in the egg white. egg help in the weight loss , it helps us to repairs and build the muscles.
Eggs are high in minerals. egg white contains high levels of vitamin and the minerals. egg white protein is cholesterol and the fat free.
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Calculate the solubility of PbCO3 in water at 25 degree C. You'll find Ksp data in the ALEKS Data tab. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
The solubility of PbCO3 in water at 25 degree C. You'll find Ksp data in the ALEKS Data tab is 0.726 x10^-four g/L.
Here Ksp = 7.four x 10-14s^2 = 7.four x 10-14s= 2.seventy two x10^-7 mole/Ls =267.20 x 2.seventy two x10^-7 g/L = 0.726 x10^-four g/LSolubility is the new bond formation between the solute molecules and solvent molecules. In terms of quantity, solubility is the maximum concentration of solute that dissolves in a known concentration of solvent at a given temperature.
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roberto wants to estimate the proportion of first-year students at an assembly meeting. he surveys 60 students and finds that 24 of them are first-year students. identify the values needed to calculate a confidence interval at the 95% confidence level. then find the confidence interval.
The confidence interval is 0.4.
p' = 24/60 = 0.4
\sigma_{p'}=\sqrt{\frac{0.4*0.6}{60}}\approx 0.063
z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}} = z_{0.025} = 1.960 (From the given table)
CI = (0.4-1.960*0.063, 0.4+1.960*0.063) =\mathbf{ (0.277,0.523)}
A student is someone enrolled in a school or different educational institution. in the united kingdom and maximum commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary college or higher; the ones in number one or basic faculties are "pupils".
The definition of "student" once changed into "one who studies something". nowadays it is able to suggest simply "person who attends a school, college, or university". this contemporary definition does not even advocate that the man or woman does greater than "attend".
The terrific scholar is one that can paint in a collection, motivate others, and yield efficient output. Being high quality, beneficial, cooperative, and pleasant are all of the developments of a great student. Such students emerge as tremendous crew gamers and leaders once they develop.
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A carbon tax puts a price on _________________ so to accurately reflect the true cost of the production of that item to society; while a ____________ is set by a regulator that limits carbon emissions but allows polluters to buy and sell permits for those emissions.
Negative externalities; cap and trade system
A carbon tax puts a price on negative externalities so to accurately reflect the true cost of the production of that item to society; while a cap and trade system is set by a regulator that limits carbon emissions but allows polluters to buy and sell permits for those emissions.
Negative externalities can be described as a method by which the negative effects of a product affect the parties that are not involved in the consumption or usage of a product.
Under the cap and trade system, a cap or certain limit is decided for negative externalities such as carbon emission. By doing so, a carbon tax is imposed on the firms, companies, or organizations that emit carbon.
Under the cap and trade system, one has to buy permits for the amount of carbon that will be emitted by that particular factory.
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What are examples of carbon emissions?.
Scope 1 emissions include things like gas stoves and personal vehicles. Scope 2 emissions include things like businesses that produce carbon emissions but also buy power.
Exhaust gas, also referred to as vehicle emissions, can contain a variety of pollutants and greenhouse gases. Flue gases, which are released through the plant's smokestack, are also produced by power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as coal-fired power plants or natural gas power plants. They are similar to exhaust gases in composition. Having the chemical symbol C and atomic number 6, carbon is an element with the meaning "coal" in Latin. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent, meaning that four of its atom's electrons can be used to create covalent chemical connections. Is called as carbon.
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How many grams of Na are in Na2O?.
Sodium oxide has a molar mass of 61.97 grammes per mole. Na has a molar mass of 22.9 grammes per mole.
Each element has a unique atomic mass. The atomic mass unit is u. (unified mass). The sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule, calculated on a scale with hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen atomic masses of 1, 12, 14, and 16, respectively. Water, for example, has a molecular mass of 18 (i.e., 2 + 16) because it contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Also known as molecular weight. similarly, sodium molar mass is 22.9gm/mole in sodium oxide. Molar mass is calculated using grammes per mole (g/mol). The molecular weight of a chemical compound tells us how many grammes there are in one mole of that substance. The formula weight is simply the weight of all the atoms in a given formula in atomic mass units
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Is the formation of iron rust endothermic or exothermic?.
The formation of iron rust is an exothermic process.
Rusting of iron refers to the formation of rust, which is a mixture of iron oxides, on the surface of iron objects or any other structures. This rust is formed from a redox reaction between oxygen and iron in the environment containing water such as air containing high levels of moisture. The rusting of iron is generally characterized by the formation of a layer of a red, flaky substance that easily crumbles into a powder after some time.
The rusting of iron is basically a gradual burning process. It is very exothermic in nature, however, due to the slowness of the process, the heat generated is lost before producing an actual temperature increase.
However, if the iron is dispersed in microscopic particles so that more of its surface comes into touch with oxygen, and the temperature is raised by rigorous friction at the same time, you can see genuine bright burning of iron.
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use the formal charge for each atom in each of the lewis structures given, to predict which one more likely shows the correct connectivity for nof.
Use the formal charge for each atom in each of the lewis structures given, to the one more likely shows the correct connectivity for NOF is
O = N - F.
formal charge for N = O - F
formal charge = valence electrons - non bonding electrons - (1/2) bonding
electrons
formal charge for N = 5 - 4 - (1/2) 4
= -1
formal charge for O = 6 - 2 - (1/2)6
= +1
formal charge for F = 7- 6 - (1/2)2
= 0
formal charge for O = N - F
formal charge for N = 5 - 2 - (1/2)6
= 0
formal charge for O = 6 - 4 - (1/2) 4
= 0
formal charge for F = 7 - 6 - (1/2)2
= 0
Thus, Use the formal charge for each atom in each of the lewis structures given, to the one more likely shows the correct connectivity for NOF is O = N - F because in this structure all atoms have zero formal charge.
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Please draw all four bonds at the sp2 carbons and at chiral carbons, including those to hydrogen. Provide the structure for compound B in the given synthesis. Be sure to consider the stereochemistry of the product as well as the mechanism for the reaction of Br2 with compound B when formulating your answer. CH3 NaOCH3 Br2H Br H3C CH3 CH3OH a "2-bromo- 3-methylpentane" enantiomer Synthetic target
An atom-to-atom attraction that enables the synthesis of chemical compounds with two or more atoms.
Chemical bonding is the process through which two or more atoms, molecules, or ions form a chemical link to create a chemical compound. The atoms in the resultant molecule are held together by these chemical bonds. Therefore, it is clear that chemical compounds depend on the strength of the chemical bonds between their constituents; the more stable the resulting molecule, the stronger the bonding between the constituents.
Elimination reaction is carried out on 2-Bromo-3-methyl pentane in the first stage via an E2 mechanism. This results in 2E-3-methylpent-2-ene, product B. B is brominated, and as it passes through an intermediate cyclic bromonium ion, it produces a mixture of enantiomers.
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light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose (c6h12o6) through the process of photosynthesis in plants and other producers. this chemical energy is used for movement, growth, reproduction, heat generation, and other cellular processes--including cellular respiration--in producers and organisms that eat producers. to understand energy flow from producers to consumers, you must have a firm grip on the summary equations for both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. drag the reactants and products to their correct locations in the following summary equations. the labels may be used more than once.
In the reaction of photosynthesis carbon dioxide and oxygen to form glucose.
photosynthesis, is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and is used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds such as glucose.
It would be impossible for us to overestimate the importance of photosynthesis in the maintenance of life on Earth. If photosynthesis stops, there would soon be little food or other organic matter on Earth. Most organisms would disappear, and in time Earth’s atmosphere and would become nearly devoid of gaseous oxygen
Hence the reaction for photosynthesis is as follows;
[tex]6CO_{2}[/tex] + [tex]6H_{2}O[/tex] → [tex]C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}[/tex] + [tex]6O_{2}[/tex]
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suppose you had molecular oxygen (o2) chilled enough so that it was in liquid form. which of the following best describes the phase changes that would occur as you heated the liquid oxygen to high temperature?
It would evaporate into a gas, then the molecules would dissociate into individual oxygen atoms, then the atoms would become increasingly ionized as you continued to raise the temperature.
What ionize?Converting (an atom, molecule, or substance) into an ion or ions, typically by removing one or more electrons is known as ionize.
What is an ion?An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge. Ions with a positive charge are called cations. Ions with a negative charge are called anions. Many normal substances exist in the body as ions.
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Consider a system made up of 5 sub-systems A, B, C, D, and E that are in thermal contact with each other and isolated from the surroundings. The sub-systems were all initially at different temperatures, but after a redistribution of heat among these sub-systems, thermal equilibrium was established and all sub-systems had the same temperature. The following is a description of the heat flow with respect to sub-systems A, B, C and D:Sub-system A lost 7 kJ of heatSub-system B gained 4 kJ of heatSub-system C lost 1 kJ of heatSub-system D gained 3 kJ of heatWhat happened to sub-system E?
Sub-system E gained 1kJ of heat. Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy within a material or an item, or from an energy source to a material or an object.
What is heat ?The exchange of "thermal" energy brought on by a temperature differential is known as heat. Think of an isolated system with two subsystems that are initially operating at two distinct temperatures. The higher temperature subsystem 2 transfers energy to the lower temperature subsystem 1.The measured amount of energy is designated by the letter q. This process happens on its own, and we have all encountered its basic characteristics. The opposite process, which involves a spontaneous energy transfer between two subsystems that are initially at the same temperature and results in a difference in temperature, never happens.From the equation
qA + qB + qC + qD + qE = 0
we can solve to get
qE = -(qA + qB + qC + qD)
Reading through the problem , we can make the following variable assignment :
qA = -7 KJ
qB = 4 KJ
qC = -1 kJ
qD = 3 kJ
substituting these values into the equation , we have
qE = -((-7kJ ) + 4kJ + (-1kJ) + 3kJ) = -(-1kJ) = 1kJ
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How fast is a ball going when it hits the ground after being dropped from a height of 9 m? The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s
Answer:
[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf v_f = 1.48\ m/s}[/tex]
Explanation:
Given Data:Height = h = 9m
Acceleration due to gravity = g = 9.8 m/s²
Initial Velocity = Vi = 0 m/s
Required:Final Velocity = Vf = ?
Formula:[tex]2gh = v_f^2 - v_i^2[/tex] (Third equation of motion for free-falling bodies)
Solution:2(9.8)(9) = vf² - 0²
2.18 = vf²
vf² = 2.18
Take sq. rt on both sides
vf = 1.48 m/s[tex]\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]
What are the problems with chemicals exposure?.
The problem with chemical exposure is the weakening of the immune system, cancer, asthma, etc.
Accidents or improper use of chemicals can have immediate health effects like burns, irritation of the skin or eyes, or poisoning.
Chemicals can also have long-term health effects. These typically occur as a result of prolonged exposure to particular chemicals.
Long-term health effects may include, depending on the chemical:
cancer.organ harm.Weakening of the immune systemonset of asthma or allergies.problems with reproduction and birth defects.effects on the body, mind, or intellect in the growth of children.Know more about chemical exposure here: https://brainly.com/question/29553597
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What information must be included on the label of a container?.
An original chemical container must have an English-language label that is both readable and clear. Along with the manufacturer's name and address.
It must include the chemical or product name as it appears on the SDS. Invalid or missing information on the label should prevent the acceptance of materials. any substance (in the form of an acid) created when two or more other compounds interact with one another or utilized to alter another substance done by manufacturer's.
Chemical container labelling is one of the best and most efficient ways to alert your coworkers about hazards and prevent accidents and injuries.
The downstream consumers of these chemicals must adhere to the labelling requirements on the original container labels, just as chemical manufacturer's are required to do.
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the student is now told that the four solids, in no particular order, are aluminum chloride ( alcl3 ), sugar ( c6h12o6 ), butanoic acid ( c3h7cooh ), and potassium bromide ( kbr ). assuming that conductivity is correlated to the number of ions in solution, rank the four substances based on how well a 0.20 m solution in water will conduct electricity.
In order of conductivity, calcium bromide, potassium bromide (KBr), benzoic acid, and sugar are the least conductive materials. Benzonic acid, Ca2Br KBr C6H5COOH, and C6H12O6 (sugar).
How is electrical conductivity tested?You can test a material by inserting something between the wire's two free ends. Put the free end of the wire on one side of the object and the other end on the other side. The substance is conductive if the bulb illuminates; otherwise, it is an insulator.
How can copper wire's conductivity be determined?The opposite of resistivity, which is defined as resistance times cross-section area divided by length, is conductivity. Consequently, measure the length and resistance using a micro-ohmmeter.
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what mass of copper will be deposited when 18.2 a are passed through a cuso4 solution for 45.0 minutes? a) 16.2 g b) 33.4 g c) 40.6 g d) 81.3 g e) 163 g
The mass of copper that will be deposited when a current of 18.2 A is passed through the solution is 16.2 g (Option A)
How do I determine the mass of copper?We'll begin by obtaining the charge that will pass through the solution in the given time. This is shown below:
Current (I) = 18.2 ATime (t) = 45 mins = 45 × 60 = 2700 sCharge (Q) = ?Q = It
Q = 18.2 × 2700
Q = 49140 C
Now, we shall calculate the mass of copper that will be deposited. This can be obtained as follow:
Cu²⁺ + 2e —> Cu
Molar mass of Cu = 63.55 g/mol Mass of Cu from the balanced equation = 1 × 63.55 = 63.55 g1 e = 96500 C2 e = 2 × 96500 = 193000 CFrom the balanced equation above,
193000 C deposited 63.55 g of copper
Therefore,
49140 C will deposit = (49140 × 63.55) / 193000 = 16.2 g of copper
Thus, the mass of copper deposited is 16.2 g (Option A)
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What is the relationship between atoms, elements, compounds, and mixtures
Answer:
All elements, and compounds, all matter in point of fact, are composed of atoms. In a compound, there are 2 or more different types of atoms present that are chemically bound. In an element, there is only the one type of atom.
Explanation:
