Fat and protein are catabolized by different pathways, with fat being broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, and protein being broken down into amino acids.
Fat catabolism:
Fat in the form of triacylglycerols stored in adipose tissue is broken down by lipases into fatty acids and glycerol.
The fatty acids are transported to the mitochondria where they undergo beta-oxidation, a series of reactions that results in the production of acetyl-CoA which can be used in the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) to generate energy.
Protein catabolism:
Proteins are broken down into individual amino acids by proteases in the lumen of the gut, or by lysosomal proteases in the cytoplasm.
The amino acids are then transported to the liver where they undergo further breakdown. Non-essential amino acids can be converted into glucose or other energy-yielding intermediates, while essential amino acids must be converted into intermediates that can be used by the citric acid cycle.
Both fat and protein are catabolized for energy production, but the pathways involved are different.
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a 280.0 ml sample of water is heated to its boiling point.how much heat (in kj ) is required to vaporize it? (assume a density of 1.00 g/ml .)
If a 280.0 ml sample of water is heated to its boiling point then the heat that is required to vaporize it is 632.8 kJ.
The volume of water is: V = 280.0mL
The density of water is: ρ = 1.00g/mL
Write the expression for the mass of the water.
m = ρ V
Substitute the known values.
m = (1.00g/mL) (280.0mL) = 280.0g = 0.280 kg
Write the expression for the heat required to vaporize the water.
Q = m ΔHvap
Here, the heat of vaporization of water is
ΔHvap ≈ 2260kJ/kg.
Substitute the values to get the value of Q,
Q = 0.280 kg × 2260kJ/kg
⇒ Q = 632.8 kJ
Hence, when a 280.0 ml sample of water is heated to its boiling point then the heat that is required to vaporize it is 632.8 kJ.
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Based on the passage, which amino acid will most likely react with phosphine? cysteine has sulfhydryl groups and can make disulfide bonds. Methionine is the other amino acid that is sulfur containing, but cannot make disulfide bonds.
Cysteine is the amino acid that will most likely react with phosphine.
Cysteine contains sulfhydryl (-SH) groups that can form disulfide bonds (-S-S-) with other cysteine residues in a protein. This is important for maintaining the proper 3-dimensional structure of the protein.
Phosphine is a highly reactive gas that can react with the sulfhydryl groups of cysteine.
Methionine, on the other hand, is also a sulfur-containing amino acid, but it does not have the ability to form disulfide bonds. This means that it is unlikely to react with phosphine.
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Which of the following is a result of
differentiation?
a. An organism grows larger.
b. Cells in an embryo increase in number.
c. Cells in an embryo become different from
one another.
d. An organism reproduces.
The result of the cell differentiation is that cells in an embryo become different from one another. Option C
What is cell differentiation?When we are talking about cell differentiation we mean the process by which the cells of the organisms would become different from each other. That is is the manner in which the cell would become to carry out the functions that are different from each other.
We should note that the embryo is just formed as a mass of cells that must be able to differentiate so that each of the cells can be able to perform an assigned task.
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When you need accurate measurements of chemicals, you can use only glassware that has been calibrated- accuracy requires careful delivery of the measured chemical - some volume markings are only estimates. - all volume markings make accurate measurements. REVIEW Question 15 of 15 < BACK ED o D be here to search
The first response is the one that is proper in this case since accurate delivery of the measured substances is necessary.
Before measuring any chemical, calibration is performed to remove any type of instrument error, ensuring that the reactions carried out with the assistance of the chemical being measured will offer a fair yield. For precise measurements, there are two key prerequisites: We need to be aware of the relevant tools. To use these tools correctly, we must be knowledgeable in their application. To take precise measurements, the following two conditions must be met: All of these calculations must be completed precisely using the standard units. 2 You must use the right tools and understand how to use them effectively in order to take precise measurements.
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Pentane is a particularly nonpolar liquid. Which of the following is likely to be very miscible with pentane?
Select all that apply: A very polar liquid A liquid that is slightly less polar than pentane A liquid that has precisely the same polarity as pentane
None of the above
Here are the two correct options i.e. (B) & (C) i.e. A liquid that is slightly less polar than pentane & A liquid that has precisely the same polarity as pentane respectively.
Pentane is a nonpolar liquid, meaning that it has an evenly distributed distribution of electrical charge across its molecular structure. A very polar liquid, meaning one with a highly uneven distribution of electrical charge, is unlikely to be miscible with pentane because the polar and nonpolar molecules will not mix due to their opposite charges. A liquid that is slightly less polar than pentane is more likely to be miscible with pentane. This is because the difference in polarity between the two liquids is not as significant, and they will have a greater tendency to mix. A liquid that has precisely the same polarity as pentane is also likely to be miscible with pentane. This is because the two liquids have an equal distribution of electrical charge and will therefore mix easily.
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Question - Pentane is a particularly nonpolar liquid. Which of the following is likely to be very miscible with pentane? Select all that apply: (A) A very polar liquid
(B) A liquid that is slightly less polar than pentane
(C) A liquid that has precisely the same polarity as pentane
(D) None of the above
How many grams are there in 1.5 x 10^25 molecules of CO2
Answer:
It would be 1096.2
Explanation:
My math might be incorrect but I am 110% sure
How are seismic wave similar to sonar technology?
1. "Syngas" is used to produce methanol via the following reaction: CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH a) Write the rate expression, in terms of the change in concentration, for each species in the reaction. b) How fast does the concentration of the CH3OH increase if the hydrogen is consumed at 3.0 x 10-5 mol/(L*sec)?
The rate expression is typically written in terms of the change in concentration (d[A]/dt) of a reactant or product (A) over time (t).
The general form of a rate expression is:
d[A]/dt = -k[A]^n (k is rate constant, n is stoichiometric coefficient).
If the hydrogen is consumed at 3.0 x 10-5 mol/(L*sec) then increase in the concentration of methanol (CH3OH) will also be:
d[CH3OH]/dt = 3.0 x 10-5 mol/(L * sec).
a) The rate expression for the Syngas reaction CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH (methanol) can be written as:
rate of reaction for CO: -d[CO]/dt
rate of reaction for H2: -2 * d[H2]/dt
rate of reaction for CH3OH: d[CH3OH]/dt
where d[CO]/dt, d[H2]/dt, and d[CH3OH]/dt represent the changes in concentration of CO, H2, and CH3OH over time.
b) The rate of change in the concentration of CH3OH is directly proportional to the rate of consumption of hydrogen, given by 3.0 x 10-5 mol/(L * sec). So, the increase in the concentration of CH3OH can be calculated as:
d[CH3OH]/dt = 3.0 x 10-5 mol/(L * sec).
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how would the 1h nmr spectrum of an alcohol be affected by the addition of d2o to replace the oh protons with d atoms?
When adding D2O to an alcohol, the hydrogen atoms of the OH groups are replaced by deuterium atoms (D).
This affects the 1H NMR spectrum of the alcohol by shifting the peaks of the OH protons. The chemical shift of the hydroxyl group is shifted from its original position at a chemical shift of ~10-12 ppm to a higher chemical shift of ~4-6 ppm for the deuterium atom. This shift is due to the higher mass of the deuterium atom compared to the hydrogen atom. As a result, the peaks of the OH protons are shifted downfield and are seen more prominently in the 1H NMR spectrum. This can be calculated using the equation:
Chemical shift (δ) = (δD - δH) × (M/m)
where δD is the chemical shift of the deuterium atom, δH is the chemical shift of the hydrogen atom, M is the mass of the deuterium atom (2) and m is the mass of the hydrogen atom (1).
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Find the volume in liters, of 5.8 x 1023 molecules of CH4.
Teacher Tom makes a cup of coffee and leaves it on his table. Its temperature ( HC) is modelled by the function H = (65)22 +25, where is the time in minutes after Tom makes the coffee.a. State the initial temperature of the coffee. b. Find the temperature of the coffee after 3 minutes. c. Tom likes to drink his coffee when it is 40°C or cooler. Find, to the nearest minute, how long he should he wait to drink his coffee. d. Determine the temperature of the room where Tom set down his coffee.
After 3 minutes, the temperature of the coffee can be calculated by replacing in the equation with 3, H = [tex](65)(3)^2 + 25 = 65(9) + 25 = 585°C[/tex].
a. The initial temperature of the coffee is 65°C.
b. After 3 minutes, the temperature of the coffee can be calculated by replacing in the equation with 3, H = [tex](65)(3)^2 + 25 = 65(9) + 25 = 585°C[/tex].
c. To find how long Tom should wait to drink his coffee, we need to find when the temperature of the coffee will reach 40°C. Solving the equation H = 40, we get [tex]40 = 65t^2 + 25[/tex]. Rearranging, we get [tex]65t^2 = 15[/tex], which gives t = [tex]\sqrt{} (15/65) = \sqrt{} (3/13)[/tex]. To the nearest minute, Tom should wait about 2 minutes to drink his coffee.
d. The temperature of the room where Tom set down his coffee cannot be determined from the information given.
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40 points //
What are some other proteins that genes code for?
Answer:
Genes can code for a wide variety of proteins, including enzymes, hormones, structural proteins, and receptors. Examples of enzymes include DNA polymerase, proteases, and kinases. Examples of hormones include insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone. Examples of structural proteins include collagen, keratin, and actin. Examples of receptors include G-protein coupled receptors, ion channel receptors, and nuclear receptor proteins.
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The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life.
I have three mole of Methane (CH4) on the reactant ide of the reaction. Do I have enough information to determine how many mole of product I will have following a reaction? If not, what ele do I need to know?
In order to determine the number of moles of product that will be produced following a reaction, you need to know the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants to the products.
In other words, you need to know the balanced chemical equation of the reaction, which specifies how many moles of each reactant are required to produce a certain number of moles of product.
Without this information, it is not possible to determine the number of moles of product that will be produced from the given number of moles of methane.
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what is the strength (expressed as a percent) of a 500 milliliter solution that contains 35 milliliters of pure iodine?
The strength of a 500 milliliter solution that contains 35 milliliters of pure iodine is 7%.
To calculate the strength of the solution, we need to find out the amount of solute (in this case, pure iodine) in the solution as a percentage of the total solution volume. To do this, we divide the volume of the solute (35 milliliters) by the volume of the solution (500 milliliters), then multiply by 100. This gives us 7%.
The strength of a solution is often used to express the concentration of a solute in a solution, which can be useful in various applications, such as medicine, chemistry, and food and beverage production. The concentration of a solute in a solution can affect various properties, such as the taste, texture, and stability of the solution, and it is important to accurately measure and control the concentration of a solute in a solution to produce consistent and high-quality products.
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three non-metallic elements x, y, and z have electronegativities of 2.8, 3.9, and 1.5 respectively and form compounds xy, yz, an xz. what type of bonding do you expect in each of the three compounds?
Three non-metallic elements x, y, and z have electronegativities of 2.8, 3.9, and 1.5 respectively and form compounds xy, yz, an xz. type of bonding expect in each of the three compounds For each compound:
xy: Based on the difference in electronegativities between x and y (2.8 and 3.9, respectively), there is a large difference in electronegativity, indicating that y will have a stronger pull on the electrons in the bond, and thus a polar covalent bond is expected.yz: With electronegativities of 3.9 and 1.5 for y and z, respectively, there is a significant difference in electronegativity, suggesting that y will have a stronger pull on electrons in the bond and leading to an ionic bond.xz: With electronegativities of 2.8 and 1.5 for x and z, respectively, the difference in electronegativity is not significant, indicating that the bond between x and z is likely to be covalent and non-polar.
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What happened to the rate of the reaction when the temperature was decreased?
Explain the effect of temperature on reaction rate in terms of collision theory. Your answer should include at least four complete sentences.
detailed please, thank you.
does a sodium atom tend to lose one elctron when it reacts t or f
The statement 'sodium atom tend to lose one electron when it reacts' is true because sodium is a metal with a single valence electron that readily loses that electron to form a positive ion.
A sodium atom tends to lose one electron when it reacts because sodium as a metal have a single valence electron which loses that electron to form Na+.
This tendency is due to the electron configuration of sodium, which is [Ne] 3s1. The electron in the 3s orbital is relatively far away from the positively charged nucleus and therefore can be easily removed.
The loss of this electron leads to the formation of a positively charged sodium ion, which is more stable than a neutral sodium atom. This process of electron transfer is called ionization.
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What should you do if the solid does not completely dissolve in the solvent? a) Draw up the liquid with a pipette and leave the solid b) Filter the sample c) Keep stirring until it dissolves d) Add more solid so more dissolves
b) Filter the sample. If a solid does not completely dissolve in a solvent, the undissolved solid particles can be removed by filtering the sample. This is usually done by passing the mixture through a filter paper.
If a solid does not completely dissolve in a solvent, it is important to properly handle the mixture to obtain a clear solution. One option is to filter the sample to remove the undissolved solid particles. This can be done by passing the mixture through a filter paper or a filter apparatus. The filtered solution can then be used for further analysis or experimentation. Another option is to keep stirring the mixture in the hope that the solid will eventually dissolve. If this is not successful, adding more of the solid to the solvent may help increase the solubility of the substance. However, it is important to consider the solubility limits of the substance in solvent the solvent and to not exceed them, as this may result in a saturated solution.
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How might researchers identify which ion enters the cell from outside, causing the rapid rise in membrane potential that initiates the action potential in additional experiments?
change the concentration of Na+ ions in the solution bathing the axon
In order to identify which ion (1) enters the cell from outside and (2) causes the increase in voltage, a researcher would want to manipulate a positive ion such as Na+.
Researchers could change the concentration of Na+ ions in the solution bathing the axon.
The elements that impact the membrane potential in neurons are many. They contain a wide range of ion channels, some of which are chemically gated and others of which are voltage-gated. Because voltage-gated ion channels are regulated by the membrane potential, and the membrane potential is impacted by these ion channels, feedback loops that allow for complex temporal dynamics, such as oscillations and regenerative events like action potentials, emerge.
A cell's membrane potential is ultimately determined by two factors: electrical force and diffusion. Electrical force is produced by the mutual attraction of particles with opposite electrical charges (positive and negative) and the mutual repulsion of particles with the same charge type (both positive or both negative).
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Which steps are necessary for cleaning a spill involving broken glass? Select one or more:
a. Stop the spread of the spill. b. Soak up any spilled liquid with absorbent material.
c. Pick up large pieces of glass with gloved hands. d. Wash off the broken glass for recycling.
a Stop the spread of the spill, b Soak up any spilled liquid with absorbent material, and c Pick up large pieces of glass with gloved hands are necessary for cleaning a spill involving broken glass.
Cleaning a spill involving broken glass involves several steps to ensure the safety of those cleaning the spill and to prevent further spread of the glass or any hazardous substances.
Step a, stopping the spread of the spill, involves containing the spill so that the glass does not spread further. This can be done by using caution tape, a barrier, or another method that prevents the spill from spreading.
Step b, soaking up any spilled liquid with absorbent material, helps to prevent any hazardous substances from spreading further and to make cleaning up the broken glass easier. This can be done using paper towels, rags, or another absorbent material.
Step c, picking up large pieces of glass with gloved hands, is necessary for removing the broken glass from the spill area. This should be done carefully and with the use of gloves to prevent cuts or other injuries.
Step d, washing off the broken glass for recycling, is not necessary for cleaning the spill and can actually be dangerous, as broken glass may contain hazardous substances that should not be washed off. The broken glass should be placed in a safe container for disposal.
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Which can distinguish between RNA and DNA? a) Presence of 3-OH c) Presence of a phosphate b) Presence of 2-OH d) Presence of a negative charge on "backbone"
The presence of a 2'-OH can be able to distinguish between RNA and DNA.
Hence, the correct option is option b) Presence of 2'-OH
The RNA and the DNA are nucleic acids which are responsible for carrying the genetic information in the cells of different living organisms.
DNA are double stranded whereas the RNA are single stranded. The additional 2' hydroxyl group or the 2'OH which is present in RNA, but lacking in DNA, has some effects that range from the biogenesis of life on earth up to how RNA oligonucleotides should be stored and it what distinguishes DNA from RNA.
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a process in which a covalent or ionic bond is broken or formed is generally called a ______ reaction.
A process in which a covalent or the ionic bond is broken or it formed is generally called a chemical reaction.
A chemical reaction is a process in which the bond break and the formation of the bond take place. In a chemical reaction two more more species called as the reactant will react and form the new substance called as the product. The chemical is the process in the chemical transformation takes place. The examples of the chemical reaction is as follows :
CH₄ + 2O₂ -----> CO₂ + 2H₂O
Thus, in a chemical reaction the covalent bond and the ionic bond broke or it formed.
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calculate the formal charge on each second-row atom: 2xsafari o
Formal charge on an atom is calculated by subtracting the amount of valence electrons associated with the atom from the number of electrons assigned to it in the Lewis structure of a molecule.
To calculate the formal charge on a second-row atom, we must first determine the molecule's Lewis structure. The formal charge on the second-row atoms cannot be determined without knowing the Lewis structure. the formal charge on each second-row atom: 2xsafari o charge on an atom is calculated by subtracting the amount of valence electrons associated with the atom from the number of electrons assigned to it in the Lewis structure of a molecule. calculate the formal charge on a second-row atom, we must first determine the molecule's Lewis structure.
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In one or two sentences, explain how Rutherford's model of an atom changed scientific knowledge and describe the evidence that justified the model.
Rutherford's atomic model changed scientific knowledge through his discovery of the nucleus of the atom and through the discovery of the proton.
The evidence that justified the model was that Rutherford discovered that only a small fraction of alpha particles were bent at extreme angles, which might be explained by an atom with a tiny, compact, and positively charged nucleus at its core.
What is Rutherford's atomic model?Rutherford's atomic model is the planetary orbital model showing an atom has a tiny, compact, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which almost all of the mass is concentrated, and light, negatively charged particles called electrons circulate at a distance around it, much like planets orbit the Sun.
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. elemental iodine is a solid at room temperature. what is the major attractive force that exists among different i2 molecules in the solid state?
Generally, Iodine exists as a diatomic molecule, I₂, which is formed when two iodine atoms form a covalent bond. It is true that, iodine at room temperature exists as a solid because the strength of these forces are in line with iodine's large electron cloud and polarizability.
An important reason of this fact is that the bonding electrons are being shared equally, which is implied by the covalent bonding that exists between the atoms, is the fact that the iodine molecule is nonpolar.
Due to this, the only intermolecular forces of attraction that forms the bond between iodine molecules are relatively weak London dispersion forces.
The interesting thing is that London dispersion forces strength increases with the size of the molecule or, with the size of the molecule's electron cloud.
The more larger molecules, they have larger electron clouds, something that has a direct impact on the strength of the London dispersion forces.
Therefore, the presence of larger electron cloud indicates that these partial charges are more significant. Hence, the larger the electron cloud can be easily polarized.
So, as a conclusion, it can be observed that the only forces that exist between iodine molecules are relatively weak London dispersion forces.
Hence, it is true that iodine exists as a solid at room temperature because the strength of these forces are in line with iodine's large electron cloud and polarizability.
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a laboratory procedure calls for 50.00 ml of na2co3 solution with a concentration of 0.500 m. what mass of na2co3 is required to prepare this solution?
The laboratory procedure for the 50.00 ml of Na₂CO₃ solution with the concentration of the 0.500 M. The mass of Na₂CO₃ is required to prepare the solution is 2.64 g.
The concentration of the Na₂CO₃ , M = 0.500 M
The volume of the Na₂CO₃, V = 50 mL
The molarity expressed as follows :
Molarity = moles / volumes in L
Moles = molarity × volume
Moles = 0.500 × 0.050
Moles = 0.025 mol
The moles of the Na₂CO₃ = mass / molar mass
The molar mass of the Na₂CO₃ = 105.9 g/mol
The mass = moles × molar mass
The mass = 0.025 × 105.9
The mass = 2.64 g
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Which radiation unit is determined by the quality factor (QF)? a. roentgen b. rad c. rem d. gray e. coulombs per kilogram.
The roentgen equivalent man or rem is the radiation unit which is determined by the quality factor QF.
Hence, the correct option is option c. rem
The roentgen equivalent man or rem is basically a CGS unit of equivalent dose, effective dose, as well as committed dose, which are basically the dose measures which are used to estimate potential health effects of the low levels of ionizing radiations on the human body.
Quantities measured in rem are designed such that they represent the stochastic biological risk of ionizing radiation, which is mainly the radiation-induced cancer. These quantities are derived from the absorbed dose, which has the unit rad. rem is determined by the QF or the quality factor.
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How is nature affected (the sea, beaches, birds, fish, etc.) in the event of an oil spill?
Nature is affected because if/when an oil spill happens it can get into the fishes gills and make the fish sick. When the birds eat the fish, the oil that gets into the fish's lungs goes into the birds' digestive track. This will happen to almost all of the marine animals that live in the area where the oil spill happens
Explanation:
Oil spills are dangerous to humans that eat the contaminated marine animals, and to the environment itself.
curved arrow notation is often used to show electron movement in resonance structures. from which part of a lewis structure can a curved arrow start from? select all that apply.
A curved arrow can start from an electron pair, a σ bond (single bond) or a π bond (double bond).
In chemical structures, a Lewis structure represents the distribution of electrons in a molecule. A curved arrow notation is used to depict the movement of electrons in a molecule, which helps in visualizing the flow of electrons in chemical reactions or to represent resonance structures.
A curved arrow can start from an electron pair, a σ bond (single bond) or a π bond (double bond) as they all involve the movement of electrons. Starting the arrow from a positive charge or hydrogen atom is not possible as they do not involve the movement of electrons.
By using curved arrow notation, one can easily depict the flow of electrons in chemical reactions such as addition reactions, substitution reactions, electron transfer reactions, etc.
The problem seems incomplete, it must have been...
"Curved arrow notation is often used to show electron movement in resonance structures. From which part of a Lewis structure can a curved arrow start from? select all that apply.
A curved arrow can start from
a positive charge
an electron pair
a σ bond
a π bond"
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you have a box of sodium chloride (salt), which has a molecular weight of 58.4 grams/mol. you weigh out 5.84 grams of sodium chloride and dissolve it in water to give a total volume of 0.2 liter. what is the molarity (m) of the solution that you have made?
Answer:
Molarity (M) is a unit of concentration that expresses the number of moles of solute (in this case sodium chloride) per liter of solvent (water). To calculate the molarity of the solution, you need to know the number of moles of sodium chloride present and the total volume of the solution.
To find the number of moles of sodium chloride present, you can use the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
where mass is the amount of sodium chloride you weighed out (5.84 grams) and molar mass is the molecular weight of sodium chloride (58.4 grams/mol).
moles = 5.84 / 58.4 = 0.1
To find the molarity of the solution, you can use the formula:
molarity = moles / liters
where moles is the number of moles of sodium chloride present (0.1) and liters is the total volume of the solution (0.2 liters).
molarity = 0.1 / 0.2 = 0.5 M
So the molarity of the solution is 0.5 M
