A) State the starting reactants in photosynthesis: See picture
B) State the total number of atoms of each type needed to make the starting reactants: Carbon: 6 Hydrogen: 12 Oxygen: 18
C) By converting the water and carbon dioxide (CO2) that roots draw up from the soil into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen using energy from sunlight, plants can produce sugar. It takes place in the chloroplast of the plant cell and is known as photosynthesis.
D) State the end products of photosynthesis: Glucose and oxygen
E) State the total number atoms of each type needed to make the end products of photosynthesis: Carbon: 6 Hydrogen: 12 Oxygen: 18
F) In the process of photosynthesis, glucose and oxygen are produced. While the water molecules' hydrogen atoms are utilized in the photosynthetic processes, the oxygen molecules are liberated as oxygen gas (O2). (This is great news for species that utilize oxygen to perform cellular respiration, including people and plants.)
G) The number of carbons and hydrogen are the same on both sides except for oxygen which is 18 at the reactant and 8 at the product side.
H) The energy source for photosynthesis is the sun or light.
Learn more about to photosynthesis visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/1388366
#SPJ4
in the basic ames test for mutagenesis, a mutagen is tested to see if it can produce colonies on basic medium that histidine, starting with a strain of bacteria. choose one: a. includes; wild-type b. lacks; wild-type c. includes; hisg mutant d. lacks; hisg mutant
A mutagen is tested to see if it can create colonies on a basic medium devoid of histidine, beginning with a hisG mutant strain of bacteria. This test is known as the basic Ames test for mutagenesis (option - d).
Why is histidine used in the Ames test?A thin layer of histidine is added to the agar plate with the bacteria. This tiny amount of histidine in the growth medium enables the bacteria to grow initially and give themselves the chance to mutate.
A popular technique is the Ames test, which uses bacteria to determine whether a specific chemical can result in DNA mutations in the test organism. To evaluate the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds, a biological assay is officially used.
To know more about mutagenesis visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28616264
#SPJ4
What is the structure of DNA helical?.
The structure of DNA is called a "double helix" which is simply a twisted ladder. Or, twisted staircase.
DNA is made up of a double helix. To put it another way, it is a spiral-shaped, double-stranded molecule. Deoxyribose sugars alternate with phosphates to create the molecule's exterior, or the rails of the stairway. The "backbone" of the molecule is another name for this area.The double helix, which resembles a twisted ladder, is the shape of DNA. Sugar and phosphate molecules alternately make up the sides of the ladder. It is deoxyribose, the sugar. The ladder's rungs are made up of pairings of the four different nitrogen bases.A lengthy polymer is created when the phosphates and sugars of nearby nucleotides connect. They demonstrated how the twisted uprights of the DNA ladder are made up of alternating deoxyribose and phosphate molecules. The complementary pairings of nitrogen bases that make up the ladder's rungs are A always paired with T and G always paired with C.DNA Replication Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA, resembles a long, spiralling ladder. It only has carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus as its main atom types. The sides of the DNA ladder, or the sugar-phosphate backbone, are made up of combinations of these atoms.To know more about double helix check the below link:
https://brainly.com/question/5341841
#SPJ4
in your zoology class, you are given a model of a coelacanth to study. as a lobe-finned fish, this coelacanth is distinctly different from a ray-finned fish. noting these differences, what do you expect a coelacanth might be able to do that a ray-finned fish could not? check all that apply.
Coelacanth are different from a ray-finned fish in following ways:
Support its body weight with finsOpen its mouth unexpectedly wideRelease oil from swim bladderHave lungsDefine some of the feature of coelacanth?Coelacanths are known as "living fossils". This is because it is morphologically very similar to the fossil record and belongs to the most primitive lineage of living Sarcopterygii (tetrapods with lobes and fins). This species is known for its limb-like fins. Together, coelacanths, Indonesian coelacanths, and lungfish form a group known as lobe-finned fish. Their fins are attached to short limbs rather than directly to the body as in most species.
Special characteristics:
A hin-ge joint in the skull that allows the fish to open its mouth for larger prey. An oil-filled tube called the notochord that acts as a backbone. Thick scales found only on extinct fish. An electrosensory organ of the nose likely used to detect prey.To know more about coelacanth, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/2722060
#SPJ4
In your own words, describe why animals are eukaryotic organisms, and why we say their cells are advanced and specialized.
Eukaryotic organisms are said to have advanced cells because they contain membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic organisms
Eukaryotes are organisms with nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic organisms include all animals, plants, fungi, and protists, as well as the majority of algae. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular in nature.
Example of eukaryotes are:
Animals,Plants,Fungi, andProtists.These organisms are said to be advanced and specialized because of the presence of membrane bound organelles which helps them to maintain a stable internal environment.
Are humans eukaryotes?
Eukaryotic cells have these characteristics (cytoskeleton, organelles surrounded by cytoplasm, and nucleus surrounded by nuclear envelope). Eukaryotic cells are human cells.
Learn more about Eukaryotic organisms to visit this link
https://brainly.com/question/8826896
#SPJ4
What is the process that involve an exchange of genetic material between non sister chromatids during meiosis?.
besides the loss of myelin, individuals afflicted with multiple sclerosis also have a degenerative loss of .
Wallerian degeneration, in which axons degenerate distal to the site of damage, is one of the possible mechanisms responsible for axonal loss after demyelination. Axonal damage in MS is known to be exacerbated by wallerian degeneration.
The Central Nervous System's myelin sheath, which protects the neurons' axons and has a significant impact on signal transmission, is damaged in multiple sclerosis, a disease.
Multiple symptoms that can be physical, mental, or psychiatric are produced by MS. More specific signs and symptoms include double vision, a lack of coordination, muscle weakness, and blindness in one eye.
The only goals of treatments for multiple sclerosis are to alleviate current symptoms and stop the development of new ones.
To know more about the loss of myelin visit here :
https://brainly.com/question/15606727
#SPJ4
The repeated unit of dna, made up of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base, is known as a –.
If a farmer was estimating yield for a grain crop, what variables would he or she need to make a calculation?
A. cost of herbicide per ft2, seeding rate, estimated storage space cost of herbicide per ft, 2, , seeding rate, estimated storage space
B. standard kernel weight, acres of planted field, insurance price standard kernel weight, acres of planted field, insurance price
C. cost of seeds per ft2, acres of planted field, fertilizer weight cost of seeds per ft, 2, , acres of planted field, fertilizer weight
D. acres of planted field, kernels per ft2, standard kernel weight
Note: Here is the resource to finding the answer -> Estimating yields and calculating yield involve numerous equations, depending on the crop in question, and many different methods exist. For grain crops, a farmer could count the number of viable kernels in a square foot. This number would then be multiplied by a standard 1,000 kernel weight. Finally, this number should be multiplied by the number of acres on a farm. One of the most crucial measurements a farmer needs to consider is planting rate. Planting rate, also known as seeding rate, refers to the number of plants sown in a certain area, usually calculated in hectare or acres, to ensure a maximum yield. Intuitively, one would think that the more plants planted, the higher the yield. But as we see from the example of SRI at the beginning of this lesson, planting rates can be counterintuitive. Planting fewer plants can mean growing larger, healthier plants that result in more grains, beans, or seeds. Needless to say, a farmer’s crop yield is predicated on his or her initial planting rate. <-
The parameters that the farmers needs to estimate the yield is acres of planted field, kernels per ft2, standard kernel weight.
What is important to estimate the yield for a grain crop?We know that the yield has to do with the quantity of the crop that one has to obtain in a planting season. It is often important that the farmer is able to estimate how much the produce of the grain would be.
However, there are some parameters that must go into the calculation of the estimate of the yield of the crops and these would help the farmer to know how to go about the planting season.
Learn more about crop yield:https://brainly.com/question/1588825
#SPJ1
The parameters that the farmers needs to estimate the yield is acres of planted field, kernels per ft2, standard kernel weight.
Explanation:
What is the relationship between DNA and cancer?.
The genetic memory of an entity is stored in DNA. RNA moves that memory to the appropriate location. The only distinction between cancer and uncontrolled cell growth and reproduction (mitosis) is that cancer cells do not contribute to the body.
Cell division that is out of control is cancer. It involves a modification of the DNA structure that affects the typical DNA regulatory systems. Normal regulatory signals are no longer recognized by the malignant (cancerous) cells. Most typically, older people with cancer.Uncontrolled cell growth is cancer. Gene mutations can increase the pace of cell division or suppress natural mechanisms that keep the body in check, like cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death. A tumor can form as a collection of malignant cells enlarges.Cancer cells are unable to copy their DNA as effectively when certain disruptive agents are present. despite being connected to the rise of genetic abnormalities.Due to the fact that the incidence of most malignancies rises with aging,2 rising more quickly starting in midlife, cancer can be regarded as an age-related disease. Age is also a substitute indicator for the intricate biological processes involved in ageing.To know more about Cancer check the below link:
https://brainly.com/question/11710623
#SPJ4
What are the 7 common minerals?.
Feldspars, quartz, amphiboles, micas, olivine, garnet, calcite, and pyroxenes are rock-forming minerals.
Minerals are elements found on the earth and in foods that our bodies require for normal development and function. Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, iron, zinc, iodine, chromium, copper, fluoride, molybdenum, manganese, and selenium are all necessary for good health.
Calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and sulfur are the major minerals that are used and stored in large quantities in the body. Trace minerals are just as important to our health as major minerals, but we don't require large amounts of them.
Macrominerals, which include calcium, potassium, sodium, chloride, phosphorus, and magnesium, are required in greater quantities. Trace minerals, such as iron, copper, fluoride, selenium, zinc, chromium, molybdenum, iodine, and manganese, are also required in small amounts.
To learn more about minerals, here
https://brainly.com/question/18078504
#SPJ4
self-reference effect misinformation effect (loftus) morpheme/phoneme syntax/semantics linguistic determinism (whorf) universal grammar (chomsky) aphasia acronym flashbulb memory confirmation bias testing effect spacing effect heuristics (availability v. representativeness) short-term memory long-term memory belief perseverance context effect prototype concept/category automatic processing v. effortful processing (also: consciousness level involved) parallel processing encoding/storage/retrieval mnemonics ebbinghaus' forgetting curve (rehearsal) 7 /- 2 echoic v. iconic memory overconfidence serial position chunking retroactive v. proactive interference repression working memory creativity (sternberg) mood-congruent memory convergent v. divergent thinking algorithms explicit v. implicit memory parts of the brain involved in memory (hippocampus; cerebellum; amygdala; basal ganglia) ltp semantic encoding memory framing broca's v. wernicke's
The idea that language and its structures constrain and determine human knowledge or mind, as well as thought processes like categorization, memory, and perception, is known as
linguistic determinism.
According to the phrase, people will have various thought processes depending on their mother tongues because their home languages will influence how they think.
The Sapir-Whorf theory, sometimes known as linguistic determinism, asserts that people's perceptions of the world are influenced by the grammatical structure of the language they frequently employ.The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis splits into the linguistic relativity and determinism theories. Linguistic relativity is seen as a weaker form of the theory because language is discussed as a lens through which life can be focused, but the lens can be changed, and perspectives can change along with it. Linguistic determinism is seen as the stronger form because language is viewed as a complete barrier, and a person is stuck with the perspective that the language enforces.
Learn more about Linguistic determinism using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/29218525
#SPJ4
sickle-cell anemia is a disease whose phenotype includes not only anemia, but also damage to many different organs. all phenotypes, however, can be traced to a single gene. this is an example of :
The above case is an example of Pleiotropy.
What do you mean by Sickle Cell Anemia?
Sickle Cell Anemia is a group of disorders that cause red blood cells to become misshapen and break down.An inherited group of disorders, red blood cells contort into a sickle shape. The cells die early, leaving a shortage of healthy red blood cells and can block blood flow causing pain.Infections, pain, and fatigue are symptoms of sickle cell disease.Treatments include medications, blood transfusions, and rarely a bone-marrow transplant.Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traitsTo know more about Sickle Cell Anemia from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/17063471
#SPJ4
the innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the
The fibroid capsule is the innermost layer of connective tissue around the kidney, aiding in preventing infection.
The adipose capsule of the kidney, a strong, fibrous layer that surrounds the kidney, is covered in this layer of peri renal fat. Each kidney has a renal capsule, a thin membrane covering its outside. The kidney mass is supported by the capsule's strong fibers, which are primarily collagen and elastin (fibrous proteins), which also aid to shield the kidney mass from damage.
To learn more about kidney click here:
https://brainly.com/question/13259057
#SPJ4
In human beings, ability to curl the tongue into a u- shaped trough is a heritable trait. "curlers" always have at least one curler parent, but "noncurlers" may occur in families where one or both parents are curlers. Using c and c to symbolize this trait, what is the genotype of a noncurler?.
Genotype cc describes a noncurler. Being a "curler" might be linked to a dominant allele, in this case, "C," if curlers always have at least one other curler parent.
Therefore, the trait of "noncurler" can be recessive. If both parents are heterozygous (Cc), a noncurler has a 25% chance of having either one or both curling parents, which is consistent with a recessive inheritance. Additionally, there is a 50% chance that ob will be a "noncurler" if one parent is homozygous for c and the other is heterozygous for c (Cc x cc).
What does the term "recessive inheritance" mean?
Using autosomal recessive inheritance, a genetic disorder or trait can be passed from parent to offspring.
To know more about disorder, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/21431209
#SPJ4
A typical human cell expresses about what portion of its protein-coding genes at any given time?.
Answer:
20% is the answer!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Are vent hood filters washable?.
The range hood filter can go in the dishwasher.
Rangehood filters may be properly cleaned in a washer and function best when placed on a very shows higher for pots and pans, as demonstrated by the cleaning tip above.
Make a solution of dish soap & baking soda in hot water as an alternative. The hood filters should soak in the solution for ten to fifteen minutes. Scrub the filters with a non-abrasive scrubby brush to get rid of any last bits of oil. Your filters should be washed and dried.
Metal grease filters are now found in the majority of range hoods. These filters are dishwasher-safe and machine-washable. Degreaser should be sprayed onto the grease filters after removing them from the range hood. Give the degreaser 10 minutes to soak.
Learn more about vent hood filters at
https://brainly.com/question/27277058?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ4
birds are multiple choice deuterostomes and reptiles. chordates and amniotes. amniotes. reptiles. reptiles, amniotes, chordates and deuterostomes.
Birds are chordates and deuterostomes.
Birds are animals that have a backbone. Phylum chordata is a group of animals that have a backbone or vertebrates. Chordata characteristics are as foollows, has a notochord, which is a rod-shaped framework that is hard but flexible, has a single nerve cord, and has a pharyngeal slit.
Deuterostomes are an animal superphylum. They are a subtaxon of the Bilateria branch of the subregnum Eumetazoa, and the opposite of Protostomia. Examples of animals that are grouped as deuterostomes are the Echinodermata group (one of which is a starfish), and Chordata (vertebrates). So birds include chordates and deuterostomes,
Learn more about chordata at:
https://brainly.com/question/12669340?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ4
How does independent assortment of chromosomes occur?.
To create haploid cells, the pairs of homologous chromosomes are split in half, and this division, or assortment, of homologous chromosomes, is random.
An organism receives one homologous chromosome from each of its two parents; they are similar but not identical. Meiosis I of gamete formation, when homologous pairs line up in random orientations at the centre of the cell as they prepare to separate, provides the physical foundation for the law of independent assortment. Because the orientation of each pair is random, we can obtain gametes with various combinations of "mom" and "dad" homologues (and consequently, the alleles on those homologues).
Hence, random movement of chromosome provide way for independent assortment.
To know more about Meiosis.
https://brainly.com/question/10621150
#SPJ4
How do biological constraints affect classical and operant conditioning?
An animal's capacity for conditioning is limited by biological constraints, so some associations are easier to learn. Each species learns behaviors that aid its survival—a phenomenon called preparedness. Those who readily learned taste aversions were unlikely to eat the same toxic food again and were more likely to survive and leave descendants. Nature constrains each species' capacity for both classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Our preparedness to associate a CS with a US that follows predictably and immediately is often (but not always) adaptive. During operant training, animals may display instinctive drift by reverting to biologically predisposed patterns.
Natural responses and defensive mechanisms that keep animals from getting sick can outweigh classical conditioning and classical learning, respectively.
Because of biological limitations, certain relationships are simpler for animals to learn than others. Every species picks up skills that help it survive; this is known as readiness. They were less likely to consume the same poisonous meal again and more likely to live and leave offspring if they were able to pick up taste aversions quickly.
Each species' potential for both classical and operant training is limited by nature. It is frequently (but not always) adaptive of us to anticipate a CS with a US that follows reliably and quickly. Animals may exhibit instinctual drift during operant training by returning to biologically predisposed habits.
Learn more about to biological constraints visit here :
https://brainly.com/question/9137527
#SPJ4
polar bears and snowy owls are found north of the arctic circle where there are few terrestrial reptiles. how do they survive these conditions?
Is Ophelia pregnant in Hamlet?.
People can stage Hamlet like that, but there is no indication in the script that Ophelia is pregnant. The best evidence that she is pregnant with Hamlet is the song she sings at the end.
Had Hamlet's Ophelia a sex?To her father and her brothers, Ophelia had not sex and a vessel of morality destined to be a faithful wife and faithful mother. To Hamlet, she is a sexual object, a depraved deception lover
Who should Ophelia marry?She was a young noblewoman from Denmark, the daughter of Polonius, the sister of Laertes, and a potential wife of Prince Hamlet, whose actions plunged her into a state of insanity and eventually drowned. It arrives. Along with Queen Gertrude, Ophelia is one of the two female characters in the original play.
To learn more about Ophelia visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3801290
#SPJ4
What is evolutionary in biology essay?.
Evolutionary biology is the study of how characteristics of groups of organisms evolve through successive generations.
The process of evolution is a complex one in which traits are passed down from one generation to the next, changing the characteristics of living things over many generations. On that idea, many scientists concur. For hundreds of years, people have worked to develop this theory and make it plausible and credible. Some evolutionists contend that the only sources for anti-evolutionists are either religious doctrines or flimsy scientific evidence. Many scientists agree with the second law of thermodynamics, which asserts that "...everything that is ordered tends to become disorganized over time." Any physical system that is left unattended will degrade or lose its internal organization and energy.
Hence, evolutionary biology track flow of genetic information for evolution.
To know more about Evolution.
https://brainly.com/question/13492988
#SPJ4
what did griffit observe when he injected a mixturew of heat-killed, desease casuing bacteria and live harmless bacteria into mice
In his subsequent experiment, Griffith combined live, non-lethal bacteria from the R strain with heat-killed S-strain bacteria and administered the resulting mixture to laboratory mice. Many of the infected mice perished from pneumonia.
What did Griffith's study reveal about DNA?Griffith came to the conclusion that S strain bacteria had changed R strain bacteria based on his observation. The S strain bacteria were heat-killed, but the R strain gained a "transforming principle" from them that rendered them virulent.
What was established by the Griffith experiment?The first experiment to demonstrate that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation was Griffith's experiment, which Frederick Griffith reported on in 1928.
To know more about Griffith's experiment visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/8950307
#SPJ4
assume the random variable x is normally distributed with mean 50 and standard deviation 7. compute the probability. be sure to draw a normal curve with the area corresponding to the probability shaded.
The probability of the variable P(x>42)=0.1271.The graphs are attached below.
What is probability?The area of mathematics described as probability concerns with appropriate units of the possibility that an event will occur or that a statement is true. An venue's probability is a number between 0 and 1, where, roughly speaking, 0 indicates the event's impossibility and 1 represents certainty.
Relation between X and variable Z
=Z=(X-μ) /σ
=Ф(z)=P(Z ≤ z)
=P(X>42)=p(Z>(42-50)/7
=P=(Z>-(8/7))
=P=(Z>-1.1429)
=p(X>42)=P(Z> -1.1429)
=1 - p(Z<1.1429)
=1 - Ф(1.1429)
=1 - 0.8729
=0.1271
To know more about the probability, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/11234923
#SPJ4
How did life began on Earth?.
Many scientists believe that RNA, or something similar to RNA, was the first molecule to self-replicate on Earth and initiate the evolutionary process that led to higher life forms, including humans.
How did life originate on Earth?The earliest life forms we know of were microscopic organisms (microbes) that left their presence signals in rocks about 3.7 billion years ago. The signal consisted of a type of carbon molecule produced by living organisms.After cooling, simple organic molecules began to form under the hydrogen blanket. Some scientists believe that these molecules eventually combine to form RNA. RNA is a molecular player that has long been considered essential for the development of life. In short, the stage for the emergence of life was set shortly after the birth of the Earth.Why does life exist on earth?Life exists only on Earth for the following reasons: Earth has all the basic needs for life to survive. The temperature and atmosphere of the earth make life comfortable for living things.
To learn more about life on earth visit:
https://brainly.com/question/2000925
#SPJ4
Based on what you know about ptc-tasting and assuming our sample is representative of the human population, do you predict that the gene is evolving under natural selection? Why or why not?
Yes, the genes are evolving under natural selection. R.A. Fisher hypothesized that the ubiquitous phenotypic alteration in PTC perception results from balanced natural selection in favor of heterozygotes.
What is Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) perception?Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste is a typical trait that has been. Therefore, variation in PTC perception may represent variation in dietary preferences over the course of human history and may be associated with modern people' vulnerability to diseases. Because tasting other bitter compounds, many of which are poisonous, is correlated with the capacity to detect PTC, this feature has genetic, epidemiologic, and evolutionary significance associated with nutrition. We looked at patterns of DNA sequence variation in the recently discovered PTC gene, which contributes up to 85% of the trait's phenotypic variance, in order to test R. A. Fisher's well-known theory that natural selection has maintained variety in PTC perception. The entire code region was examined. In a sample of 330 chromosomes drawn from African (n=62), Asian (n=138), European (n=110), and North American (n=20) populations, we examined the entire coding region of PTC (1,002 bp) using new statistical tests for natural selection that take into account the potential confounding effects of human population growth. The "taster" and "nontaster" phenotypes were represented by two intermediate-frequency haplotypes, respectively. Similar haplotype frequencies were found in Africa, Asia, and Europe.
To know more about the PTC tasting, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14732007
#SPJ4
____________ reflexes are stimulated by stretching or chemical stimulation of the myenteric plexus, which can result in peristaltic contractions.
Short reflexes are stimulated by chemical simulation of or stretching the myenteric plexus. This can result in peristaltic contractions.
Peristaltic contraction, also known as peristalsis, is a radially symmetrical relaxation and contraction of muscles that propagate in a wave down a tube in an anterograde direction. It is progression of coordinated contraction of involuntary circular muscles. It is preceded by a simultaneous relaxation of the circular muscle and contraction of the longitudinal muscle in the lining of the gut.
Peristalsic contraction is generally directed towards the anus. This sense of direction might be attributed to the polarization of the myenteric plexus. It is referred to as the myenteric reflex because of the reliance of the peristaltic reflex on the myenteric plexus.
Learn more about peristalsis here: https://brainly.com/question/3223318.
#SPJ4
the pedigree shown displays the occurrence of an inherited disease. for individual in the fourth generation with two heterozygous parents, what is the liklihood that they will be impacted by the disease
The likelihood that the fourth generation will be impacted by the disease is 25% such that the child is homozygous recessive.
What is meant by heterozygous?
Each pair of chromosomes in a diploid animal contains two alleles, one from the father and one from the mother, for each gene that determines a trait. A gene can exist in two or more different forms, known as alleles, and they can all be present at the same location, or locus, on a chromosome. The term "heterozygous" describes the presence of several alleles for a given trait. You have a heterozygous genotype for that gene if the two versions differ from one another. Which qualities are expressed depends on how the two alleles are related.
If both parents are carriers of the recessive allele for a disorder, all of their children will face the following odds of inheriting it:
25% chance of having the recessive disorder
50% chance of being a healthy carrier
25% chance of being healthy and not have the recessive allele at all.
Let's say you and your partner are both carriers for cystic fibrosis, an illness that is genetically inherited but is very painful. Of course, you are concerned about how healthy and typical your children will be. Let's define "A" for this example as the dominant allele that is normal and "a" as the recessive aberrant allele that causes cystic fibrosis. You and your partner are heterozygous since you are both carriers (Aa). Only people who are homozygous recessive are affected by this condition (aa). According to the Punnett square, you have a 25% chance of having a healthy homozygous (AA) child, a 50% chance of having a healthy heterozygous (Aa) carrier child, just like you and your partner, and a 25% risk of having a child with a genetic disorder.
To learn more about pedigree from the given link :
https://brainly.com/question/20326943
#SPJ4
true or false?: tubulin dimers will add to either end of a growing microtubule although they add more rapidly to the plus end than the minus end?
True. However, careful analysis demonstrated that minus ends in cells do undergo tubulin addition, although this process is slow.
what are microtubule?
Microtubules are polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to eukaryotic cells. Microtubules can be as long as 50 micrometers, as wide as 23 to 27 nm and have an inner diameter between 11 and 15 nm. Tubulin is a highly conserved αβ dimeric protein present and is essential for all eukaryotes. αβ-Tubulin dimers assemble into microtubules, dynamic polymers important in a variety of functions, most noticeably, mitosis. Tubulin assembly and disassembly are linked to guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis.
To learn more, microtubule click the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/15107590
#SPJ4
Many aspects of the angiosperm life cycle make flowering plants particularly well-suited to life on land. In fact, angiosperms are the most diverse and widespread of all plants.
Which six of the following statements reflect angiosperm adaptations to life on land?
In angiosperms, a gametophyte protects a dependent sporophyte from desiccation.
Flowers attract animal pollinators carrying pollen from other plants of the same species.
Fruits aid in the dispersal of seeds by wind or by animals that carry or eat the fruits.
In many angiosperms, the male gametophyte contained in a pollen grain can be transported many miles away by wind or animal pollinators.
Floral parts of the sporophyte protect the reduced female gametophyte from drying out and from UV radiation.
Fertilization in angiosperms is dependent on the presence of water.
Spores contain a supply of stored food, enabling the embryo to remain dormant until conditions are suitable for germination.
Seeds protect and nourish plant embryos, and fruits protect the seeds.
Seeds enable plant embryos to be dispersed long distances from the parent plant via wind or animals.
Flowers attract animal pollinators carrying pollen from other plants of the same species
Fruits aid in the dispersal of seeds by wind or by animals that carry or eat the fruits.
In many angiosperms, the male gametophyte contained in a pollen grain can be transported many miles away by wind or animal pollinators.
Floral parts of the sporophyte protect the reduced female gametophyte from drying out and from UV radiation.
Seeds protect and nourish plant embryos, and fruits protect the seeds.
Seeds enable plant embryos to be dispersed long distances from the parent plant via wind or animals
These are the six true statements:
1. Through animals or the wind, seeds enable plant embryos to spread over great distances from the parent plant.
2. The male gametophyte contained in a pollen grain can travel many miles by animal or wind in different angiosperms.
3. Animals or wind that eat or carry fruits aid in the dispersal of seeds.
4. The fruits shield the seeds, and the seeds feed and shield the developing plant life.
5. The reduced female gametophyte is protected from UV rays and extinction by the floral components of the sporophyte.
6. Animal pollinators that carry pollen from related plants are fascinated by flowers.
What makes the angiosperm life cycle special?Angiosperms are the only organisms that can undergo double fertilization; the megasporangium, which is sheltered inside the ovary of the carpel, is covered by two layers of integuments and the ovary wall.
The other claims that were made are untrue. The angiosperms do not produce spores; however, the developing embryo-filled seed is produced after fertilization. The seeds contain cotyledons that display food substance that has been stored. Abiotic and biotic agents work together to spread the seeds.
As opposed to pteridophytes and bryophytes, which cannot complete their life cycles without water, angiosperm fertilisation is not dependent on water. In angiosperms, the sporophyte, which protects the female gametophyte, is the main plant body.
To know more about angiosperm life cycle visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13814800
#SPJ4
