write the iupac and common names, if any, of the carboxylate salts produced in the reaction of each of the following carboxylic acids with naoh : 2-bromopropanoic acid

Answers

Answer 1

According to the question IUPAC Name: Sodium 2-bromopropanoate

Common Name: Sodium bromopropionate

What is Sodium?

Sodium is a chemical element found on the periodic table with the symbol 'Na'. It is the sixth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up roughly 2.8% of the total mass. Sodium is an alkali metal, and it is highly reactive when it comes into contact with water. This is due to its high electronegativity and its tendency to form ions in solution. Sodium is a necessary nutrient for all living organisms, and it helps to maintain the balance of fluids in the body, allowing cells to function properly. It is also involved in the transmission of nerve signals, muscle contractions, and other processes. In its pure form, sodium is a soft, silver-white metal that has a melting point of 97.8 °C. Sodium can be found in many natural sources, including sea water and many types of rock.

To learn more about Sodium

https://brainly.com/question/25597694

#SPJ4


Related Questions

in this equation n is the number of molecules in the system, and and are constants. what is an equation of state for this system, or what is equal to?

Answers

The equation given refers to the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas. The equation of state for an ideal gas is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of molecules, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.

This equation states that the product of the pressure and volume of a gas is proportional to the number of molecules present and the temperature of the gas, with the constant of proportionality being the gas constant. This equation is useful in determining the behavior of gases under different conditions, such as changes in temperature or pressure.
In an equation of state for a system with n molecules, constants are used to describe the behavior of the molecules under different conditions. A common equation of state is the Ideal Gas Law, which can be written as:

PV = nRT

In this equation:
- P is the pressure of the system
- V is the volume of the system
- n is the number of molecules (or moles) in the system
- R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K))
- T is the temperature of the system in Kelvin

This equation relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas with the number of molecules in the system and the gas constant.

For more information on ideal gas visit:

brainly.com/question/31463642

#SPJ11

the term___________could be defined as about 30 individual, sequential chemical reactions that form three metabolic pathways: one in the cytoplasm and two within the mitochondrion.

Answers

The term "cellular respiration" could be defined as about 30 individual, sequential chemical reactions that form three metabolic pathways: one in the cytoplasm and two within the mitochondrion.

Sequential chemical reactions that form three metabolic pathways: one in the cytoplasm and two within the mitochondrion.

The term you are looking for is "Cellular Respiration." Cellular respiration consists of about 30 individual, sequential chemical reactions that form three metabolic pathways: one in the cytoplasm (glycolysis) and two within the mitochondrion (the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain). These pathways work together to convert glucose into ATP, providing cells with the energy they need to function.

Learn more about cellular respiration here,

https://brainly.com/question/14158795

#SPJ11

a gas at stp occupies 28 cm3 of sspace. if the pressure changes to 3.8 atm and the temperature increases to 203 c find the new colume

Answers

The new volume is 9.76L if a gas at STP occupies 28 [tex]Cm^{3}[/tex] of space and the pressure changes to 3.8 atm and the temperature increases to 203 c.

The ideal gas formula is given as:

[tex]\frac{P_{1}V_{1} }{T_{1} } = \frac{P_{2}V_{2} }{T_{2} }[/tex]

By Cross multiplying, we get

[tex]P_{1}V_{1} T_{2} = P_{2} V_{2} T_{1}[/tex]

Now, calculate second volume as:

[tex]V_{2} = \frac{P_{1}V_{1}T_{2} }{P_{2}T_{1} }[/tex]

[tex]P_{1}[/tex] = 760 ATM

[tex]V_{1}[/tex] = 0.028 L

[tex]T_{1}[/tex] = 273 K

[tex]P_{2}[/tex] = 3.8 ATM

[tex]V_{2}[/tex] =?

[tex]T_{2}[/tex] = 203°c to Kelvin equals to 273 + 203 = 476 K

Now, Substitute the values given into the formula:

760×0.028×476/3.8×273

=10129.28/1037.4

=9.76

Therefore the [tex]V_{2}[/tex] is 9.76L

The general gas equation, often known as the ideal gas law, is the equation of state for a fictitious ideal gas. It has a number of limitations, but it provides a decent approximation of the behavior of numerous gases under various circumstances.

The ideal gas law (PV = nRT) connects the macroscopic characteristics of ideal gases. The particles in an ideal gas don't interact with one another, take up no space, and have no volume.

An ideal gas is a fictitious gas that perfectly complies with the gas laws because its molecules take up very little space and interact with no one else. The term "ideal gas" refers to a gas that abides by all gas laws at any temperature or pressure.

Learn more about ideal gas law:

https://brainly.com/question/30458409

#SPJ4

Explain the Problem with valence bond theory (that resonance couldn't explain)

Answers

The problem with Valence Bond theory is that it cannot explain the phenomenon of resonance, which is best described using the molecular orbital theory.

What is Valence bond?

According to VB theory, a chemical bond is formed by the overlap of two atomic orbitals, and there is no way to describe a bond that is intermediate between a single bond and a double bond, for example. Resonance structures, which imply that a bond is intermediate between two different bond orders, cannot be explained using VB theory.

To address this problem, chemists developed the molecular orbital (MO) theory, which is a more powerful tool for understanding chemical bonding. In MO theory, a molecule is described by a set of molecular orbitals, which are formed by the combination of atomic orbitals on the constituent atoms. These molecular orbitals extend over the entire molecule, and the electrons in these orbitals are not localized on any one particular atom. MO theory can explain resonance, as the different possible resonance structures of a molecule correspond to different distributions of electrons in the molecular orbitals.

To learn more about Valence bond

https://brainly.com/question/23129240

#SPJ4

What is the electron pair geometry around oxygen in a hydronium ion?.

Answers

A hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) is a molecule consisting of a water molecule with an additional hydrogen ion attached to it. The oxygen atom in a hydronium ion has four electron groups around it, which gives it a tetrahedral electron pair geometry.

The electron geometry around the oxygen in a hydronium ion is the same as in a regular water molecule, which also has a tetrahedral electron pair geometry. The geometry is determined by the number of electron groups around the central atom, regardless of whether they are lone pairs or bonding pairs.

The oxygen atom has two lone pairs of electrons and two bond pairs (one with each hydrogen atom), giving it a tetrahedral electron pair geometry with sp³ hybridization. This geometry allows the hydronium ion to have a dipole moment, which makes it a polar molecule.

To know more about the hydronium ion refer here :

https://brainly.com/question/14619642#

#SPJ11

Which of these metals is the easiest to oxidize? a) sodium b) iron
c) aluminum
d) lithium
e) gold

Answers

The easiest metal to oxidize among the given options is sodium (a). Sodium has only one valence electron, which makes it highly reactive with other elements. It readily loses this valence electron to form a sodium ion with a +1 charge. This reaction results in the formation of sodium oxide (Na2O) and sodium peroxide (Na2O2) when it reacts with oxygen.

Sodium is so reactive that it can even catch fire when exposed to air or water, making it a hazardous material. On the other hand, iron (b) and gold (d) are relatively stable metals and do not easily react with oxygen to form oxides. Lithium (c), although it has a similar valence electron configuration to sodium, is not as reactive as sodium due to its smaller atomic size and higher ionization energy.

In conclusion, among the given options, sodium is the easiest metal to oxidize due to its high reactivity and low ionization energy.

you know more about easiest metal to oxidize pls visit-

https://brainly.com/question/8543126

#SPJ11

what functional groups can be made when an alkene is reacted with o3 followed by dms? choose all that apply.

Answers

The functional groups that can be made when an alkene is reacted with O3 followed by DMS are aldehydes and/or ketones.

In this reaction, the alkene undergoes ozonolysis, which breaks the double bond and forms the corresponding carbonyl compounds.

The reaction of O3 with an alkene, also known as ozonolysis, breaks the double bond and creates two carbonyl groups. These carbonyl groups can then be reduced by DMS to form either aldehydes or ketones, depending on the substitution pattern of the alkene.

Therefore, the reaction is ozonolysis, which breaks the double bond of the alkene and forms carbonyl compounds.
When an alkene is reacted with O3 followed by DMS, the double bond breaks, leading to the formation of aldehydes and/or ketones as the main functional groups.

To learn more about alkene visit:

brainly.com/question/31033378

#SPJ11

hydrogen- is radioactive and has a half life of years. calculate the activity of a sample of hydrogen- . give your answer in becquerels and in curies. round your answer to significant digit.

Answers

The activity of a sample of hydrogen- , rounded to the nearest significant digit, is N × 0.00693 Bq and N × 2.56 × 10⁻¹² Ci.

What is sample?

Sample in chemistry is a small amount of a substance that is used to conduct a chemical analysis. It is often taken from a larger quantity of a material and used to determine the composition or properties of the material. For example, a chemist may take a sample of a compound and analyze it to determine its melting point and boiling point.

The activity A of a sample of a radioactive material is the number of radioactive decays per unit time. The half-life of a radioactive material is the time it takes for half of the original amount of material to decay.

For a sample of hydrogen- , the activity A can be calculated using the equation A = N × 0.693/t, where N is the initial number of atoms in the sample and t is the half-life of hydrogen- (in years).

Given that the half-life of hydrogen- is years, the activity A in becquerels (Bq) is:

A = N × 0.693/t = N × 0.693/ = N × 0.00693

The activity A in curies (Ci) can be calculated by multiplying the activity in becquerels by 3.7 × 10⁻¹⁰:

A = N × 0.00693 × 3.7 × 10-10

Therefore, the activity of a sample of hydrogen- , rounded to the nearest significant digit, is N × 0.00693 Bq and N × 2.56 × 10-12 Ci.

To learn more about sample

https://brainly.com/question/25736513

#SPJ4

Where did the spread of opera start and where did it go?

Answers

With the production of Jacopo Peri's mostly forgotten Dafne in Florence in 1598, opera began in Italy at the end of the 16th century.

Particularly from Claudio Monteverdi's L'Orfeo and quickly spread throughout Europe: Jean-Baptiste Lully in France, Henry Purcell in England, and Heinrich Schütz in Germany

Where was opera popularized?

The first nation where opera gained popularity was Italy. Claudio Monteverdi and Jacopo Peri called it home. This exciting form of entertainment eventually spread throughout the remainder of Europe. Italy, France, and Germany are the primary producers of opera.

Learn more about Producer:

brainly.com/question/29391287

#SPJ4

A mixture of two compounds on a TLC plate will move a short distance (Rf = 0.1) and appear as a single spot only if a very polar solvent is used. Which two ways should the system be adjusted for better results (Rf = 0.4 and separation)?

A. Using a less polar eluent and a more active adsorbant (stationary phase)

B. Using a less polar eluent and a less active adsorbant (stationary phase)

C. Using a more polar eluent and a less active adsorbant (stationary phase)

D. Using a more polar eluent and a more active adsorbant (stationary phase)

Answers

The system should be adjusted using a more polar eluent and active adsorbent (stationary phase) to achieve better results with a higher Rf value (0.4) and separation between the two compounds. Option D is the correct answer.

In chromatography, the eluent refers to the solvent or mixture of solvents that are used to move a sample through the stationary phase (the material in the column). A polar eluent is a solvent system that has a high polarity and can dissolve polar compounds effectively. In general, polar eluents are used in chromatography when the sample is composed of polar compounds or when the stationary phase is also polar. For example, in normal-phase chromatography, a polar stationary phase is typically used along with a polar eluent, such as a mixture of water and an organic solvent like methanol or acetonitrile. Polar eluents can also be used in reversed-phase chromatography, which uses a nonpolar stationary phase and a polar eluent. This type of chromatography is often used to separate nonpolar compounds, such as lipids and hydrophobic proteins. The choice of eluent depends on the type of chromatography being performed and the properties of the sample being analyzed. The polarity of the eluent can have a significant impact on the separation of different compounds, as more polar compounds will have a stronger interaction with the polar eluent and will therefore move more slowly through the column.

Learn more about polar eluent here:

https://brainly.com/question/28557521

#SPJ11

An aluminum hydroxide solution has a pOH of 5.7, while a sodium cyanide solution has a pOH of 13.1. Which solution has the greater concentration of hydroxide?

Answers

The aluminum hydroxide solution has a greater concentration of hydroxide ions than the sodium cyanide solution.

Which solution has a greater concentration of hydroxide ions - an aluminum hydroxide solution with pOH 5.7 or a sodium cyanide solution with pOH 13.1?

The pOH of a solution is related to the hydroxide ion concentration [OH-] by the formula:

[tex]pOH &= -\log[OH^-][/tex]

To compare the hydroxide ion concentrations of the given solutions, we can use this formula to calculate the [OH-] for each solution:

[tex][OH^-] &= 10^{-pOH}\[/tex]

For the aluminum hydroxide solution:

[tex][OH^-] &= 10^{-5.7} = \text{1.995}\times10^{-6}\text{ M}\[/tex]

For the sodium cyanide solution:

[tex][OH^-] &= 10^{-13.1} = \text{7.943}\times10^{-14}\text{ M}[/tex]

Therefore, despite the fact that both solutions are basic, the aluminum hydroxide solution has a greater concentration of hydroxide ions than the sodium cyanide solution.

To learn more about hydroxide ions, visit: https://brainly.com/question/28464162

#SPJ4

A solution is prepared by dissolving 2. 33 g of C_60 (buckminsterfullerene) in 100 g of toluene at 30 degree C. A. If the vapor pressure of pure toluene at this temperature is 5 kPa, what is the vapor pressure of toluene in the solution? b. What is the change in the chemical potential of toluene caused by the addition C_60?

Answers

A- the vapour pressure of toluene in solution is 4.98 kPa, B-the addition of C₆₀ to toluene causes a decrease in the chemical potential of toluene by approximately 13.6 J/mol.

a) The vapor pressure of the toluene solution can be calculated using Raoult's law:

mass of toluene = 100 g

molar mass of toluene = 92.14 g/mol

moles of toluene = 100 g / 92.14 g/mol = 1.085 mol

mass of C₆₀ = 2.33 g

molar mass of C₆₀ = 720.64 g/mol

moles of C₆₀ = 2.33 g / 720.64 g/mol = 0.00323 mol

total moles = 1.085 mol + 0.00323 mol = 1.088 mol

The mole fraction of toluene is therefore:

x(toluene) = 1.085 mol / 1.088 mol ≈ 0.997

The vapor pressure of the toluene solution can now be calculated using Raoult's law:

P(solution) = x(toluene) × P(toluene)

where P(toluene) is the vapor pressure of pure toluene at 30°C, which is given as 5 kPa. Therefore:

P(solution) = 0.997 × 5 kPa ≈ 4.98 kPa

b) The change in the chemical potential of toluene caused by the addition of C₆₀ can be calculated using the formula:

Δμ = RTln(γ₁/γ₁°)

Using the value of P(solution) calculated in part (a), we can calculate the activity of toluene in the solution:

P(solution) = x(toluene) × P(toluene) = 0.997 × 5 kPa ≈ 4.98 kPa

The activity coefficient of toluene in the solution can now be approximated as:

γ₁ = P(solution) / P(toluene) = 4.98 kPa / 5 kPa = 0.996

The change in chemical potential of toluene can now be calculated:

Δμ = RTln(γ₁/γ₁°) = (8.314 J/mol/K) × (303 K) × ln(0.996/1) ≈ -13.6 J/mol.

learn more about Vapour pressure here:

https://brainly.com/question/2693029

#SPJ4

why is the salt of the weak acid needed? check all that apply. why is the salt of the weak acid needed?check all that apply. to neutralize added h3o to provide the conjugate base to provide the conjugate acid

Answers

The salt of a weak acid is needed to provide its conjugate base. This is because when the weak acid reacts with a strong base, it forms a salt and water. The salt contains the conjugate base of the weak acid, which can react with any excess hydrogen ions (H3O+) in a solution to neutralize it. Additionally, the conjugate base can act as a buffer, helping to maintain the pH of the solution by absorbing excess hydrogen ions or releasing them as needed. The salt does not provide the conjugate acid of the weak acid, as this would require the addition of a strong acid to the solution.In chemistry, a conjugate base is the species that is formed when an acid donates a proton to a base. For example, when hydrochloric acid (HCl) donates a proton to water (H2O), the resulting species is the chloride ion (Cl-), which is the conjugate base of HCl.

Similarly, a conjugate acid is the species that is formed when a base accepts a proton from an acid. For example, when ammonia (NH3) accepts a proton from water (H2O), the resulting species is the ammonium ion (NH4+), which is the conjugate acid of NH3.In general, the conjugate base of a strong acid is weak, and the conjugate acid of a weak base is strong. For example, the conjugate base of HCl (which is a strong acid) is Cl-, which is a weak base. Similarly, the conjugate acid of NH3 (which is a weak base) is NH4+ which is a strong acid.The concept of conjugate base and conjugate acid is important in acid-base reactions and the calculation of acid and base strength.

To know more about conjugate acid visit:

https://brainly.com/question/31229565

#SPJ11

a substance is insoluble in water at low temperatures but becomes soluble at higher temperatures. which pec diagram best explains the solubility of this substance in water? m

Answers

The pec diagram that best explains the solubility of a substance in water that is insoluble at low temperatures but becomes soluble at higher temperatures is a diagram that shows an upward curve.

A pec diagram represents the solubility of a substance in water at different temperatures and pressures. The upward curve on the diagram represents an increase in solubility as the temperature increases. This indicates that the substance becomes more soluble in water at higher temperatures.

Therefore, the best pec diagram to explain the solubility of a substance that is insoluble at low temperatures but becomes soluble at higher temperatures is the diagram that shows an upward curve.

To know more about solubility, visit;

https://brainly.com/question/9098308

#SPJ11

if the acid and base solutions are of equal concentration, what volume ofacid will titrate a 20.00 ml sample of the base?

Answers

The volume of acid required to titrate a 20.00 mL sample of base is 20.00 mL, assuming that the concentration of the acid and base is equal.

To determine the volume of acid required to titrate a 20.00 mL sample of base, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the concept of stoichiometry.

Let's assume that the acid and base react in a 1:1 ratio, which means that one mole of acid reacts with one mole of base.

We are given that the concentration of both acid and base solutions is equal, but we don't know the exact concentration. Therefore, we can represent the concentration of the acid and base as "C."

Reaction between the acid and base can be written as;

acid + base → salt + water

Since we assume that the acid and base react in a 1:1 ratio, we can say that one mole of acid reacts with one mole of base. Therefore, the number of moles of base present in the 20.00 mL sample can be calculated as follows;

moles of base = concentration of base x volume of base

= C x 20.00 mL

= 0.0200 C moles

Since the acid and base react in a 1:1 ratio, the number of moles of acid required to titrate the base is also 0.0200 C moles.

Now, we can use the concentration of the acid to determine the volume of acid required to titrate the base. The number of moles of acid can be calculated as follows;

moles of acid = concentration of acid x volume of acid

We want to find the volume of acid, so we can rearrange the equation as follows;

volume of acid = moles of acid / concentration of acid

= 0.0200 C / C

= 0.0200 L

= 20.00 mL

Therefore, the volume of acid is 20.00 mL.

To know more about volume here

https://brainly.com/question/13338592

#SPJ4

what does specific activity tell us during purification?

Answers

Specific activity is an essential parameter during protein purification that provides valuable information on the purity and catalytic efficiency of an enzyme. It is defined as the ratio of enzyme activity to the total protein concentration in a sample. A higher specific activity indicates that the enzyme is more concentrated, thus signifying increased purification and fewer contaminants.

During the purification process, it is crucial to monitor specific activity to assess the progress and effectiveness of each purification step. By comparing the specific activity before and after a particular step, one can determine if the method is successful in isolating the desired protein while removing impurities. Furthermore, specific activity can be used to identify the optimal conditions, such as pH and temperature, for maximizing the catalytic efficiency of an enzyme.

In summary, specific activity serves as a critical tool in evaluating the success of purification techniques and ensuring the isolation of a high-quality enzyme with minimal contaminants. By carefully monitoring specific activity, researchers can optimize the purification process and improve the overall yield of their target protein.

To know more about Specific activity click this link

brainly.in/question/2393946

#SPJ11

determine the number of moles of gas in a 2.01 l container at 287.4 k and a pressure of 1.36 atm. round your answer to two decimal places.

Answers

There are 2.63 moles of gas in a 2.01 l container at 287.4 K and a pressure of 1.36 atm. Rounding the answer to two decimal places gives us 2.63 moles.

What is pressure ?

Pressure is a force per unit area applied to an object. It is measured in units such as pascals (Pa), atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury (mmHg), and pounds per square inch (psi). Pressure is typically caused by the weight of the atmosphere pressing down on an object, or by a fluid pushing against the object. Pressure can also be created by the movement of the object, such as when a liquid is stirred or when a gas is compressed. When pressure is applied, it can cause objects to deform, move, or change shape.

The number of moles of gas in a 2.01 l container can be determined by using the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Plugging in the given values, we get:1.36 atm * 2.01 L = n * 0.0821 * 287.4 K

Solving for n, we get,n = (1.36 atm * 2.01 L) / (0.0821 * 287.4 K)

n = 2.63 moles.

To learn more about pressure

https://brainly.com/question/24719118

#SPJ4

write the net ionic equation that describes the reaction that occurs when a solution of barium nitrate is added to a flask containing sulfate ions.

Answers

The net ionic equation for the reaction between barium nitrate and sulfate ions is: Ba2+ + SO42- → BaSO4 (s) In this reaction, the barium ions (Ba2+) from the barium nitrate solution react with the sulfate ions (SO42-) in the flask to form solid barium sulfate (BaSO4).

The nitrate ions (NO3-) from the barium nitrate solution do not participate in the reaction and remain in solution. Write the balanced molecular equation:Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) → BaSO₄(s) + 2NO₃⁻(aq)  Write the total ionic equation by breaking all soluble ionic compounds into their respective ions Ba²⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) → BaSO₄(s) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) Remove the spectator ions (ions that are present on both sides of the equation)  

In this case, the nitrate ions (2NO₃⁻) are the spectator ions. Write the net ionic equation by including only the ions that participate in the reaction: Ba²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) → BaSO₄(s) So, the net ionic equation that describes the reaction that occurs when a solution of barium nitrate is added to a flask containing sulfate ions is: Ba²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) → BaSO₄(s).

To know more about nitrate solution visit:

https://brainly.com/question/15095408

#SPJ11

What color will a solution be if it contains only k2cro4.

Answers

A solution containing only K2CrO4 will have a yellow color. Potassium chromate (K2CrO4) is a yellow-colored chemical compound that is highly soluble in water. When dissolved in water, the K2CrO4 compound dissociates into K+ and CrO42- ions, which give the solution its characteristic yellow color. Therefore, a solution containing only K2CrO4 will have a yellow color, which can range from pale yellow to bright yellow depending on the concentration of the solution.

What is green chemistry in oxidation rxn?(oxidation lab)

Answers

By applying green chemistry principles in oxidation reactions, we can promote the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly chemical processes.

What is green chemistry?

Green chemistry is a set of principles and practices aimed at designing chemical processes and products in a way that minimizes the use and generation of hazardous substances and wastes. In the context of oxidation reactions, green chemistry principles can be applied to promote the use of environmentally benign oxidants and reaction conditions, reduce waste generation, and maximize the efficiency of the reaction.

Some examples of green chemistry strategies that can be applied in oxidation reactions include:

1. Using oxygen or air as the oxidant, instead of hazardous chemicals such as chromium(VI) reagents.

2. Using heterogeneous catalysts that can be easily separated and reused, instead of homogeneous catalysts that can generate toxic wastes.

3. Optimizing reaction conditions, such as temperature, pH, and solvent choice, to minimize energy consumption and waste generation.

4. Using renewable feedstocks, such as biomass or waste materials, as the starting materials for the oxidation reaction.

By applying green chemistry principles in oxidation reactions, we can promote the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly chemical processes.

Learn more about oxidation reaction on:

https://brainly.com/question/21851295

#SPJ4

Which one of the following thermodynamic quantities is not a state function?a. workb. enthalpyc. entropyd. internal energye. free energy

Answers

The correct answer is (a) work. A state function is a property that depends only on the current state of the system and not on the path taken to reach that state.

In other words, the value of a state function is determined by the initial and final states of a system and not the process used to get there. Enthalpy, entropy, internal energy, and free energy are all examples of state functions because they are determined solely by the initial and final states of a system. Work, on the other hand, is not a state function because it depends on the path taken to get from the initial to the final state. The amount of work done on or by a system can vary depending on the details of the process used to change the system's state.

To learn more about work, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/31050706

#SPJ11

Which type of milk is commonly used as a base for many thai dishes?.

Answers

Coconut milk.

Cocunut milk is used in Thai dish as it is thicker than usual dairy milk and also it is unsweetened milk which good support of spicy food.

if an indicator electrode measures a potential relative to the s.c.e. of -0.461 v, what is the potential relative to the ag/agcl reference electrode? (remember: ag/agcl ref sat'd kcl)

Answers

To convert the potential relative to the S.C.E. to potential relative to the Ag/AgCl reference electrode, we can use the following equation E(Ag/AgCl) = E(S.C.E.) + E(S.C.E./Ag/AgCl) the potential relative to the Ag/AgCl reference electrode is -0.262 V.

An electrode is a conductor through which electrical current enters or leaves a medium, typically an electrolyte or a solution. Electrodes can be made of various materials, depending on the application, and may be designed to either generate or detect electrical signals. In electrochemistry, an electrode is typically used to facilitate the flow of electrons between a chemical reaction and an external circuit. There are two types of electrodes: the anode and the cathode. The anode is the electrode at which oxidation occurs, while the cathode is the electrode at which reduction occurs.

To know more about reduction visit :

https://brainly.com/question/28813812

#SPJ11

What is the pH of a 0.25M solution of sodium lactate?
(A) 2.34. (B) 4.67. (C) 3.88. (D) 7.00. (D) 6.56. (E) 9.29. (F) 8.63. (G) 10.34.

Answers

Sodium lactate is the salt of a weak acid (lactic acid) and a strong base (sodium hydroxide). The sodium ion has no effect on pH. Lactic acid dissociates as follows:

CH3CH(OH)COOH(aq) + H2O(l) → CH3CH(OH)COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq)

The Ka for lactic acid is 1.38 × 10^-4.

Since sodium lactate is a salt of the conjugate base, the lactate ion, we can assume that it hydrolyzes in water as follows:

CH3CH(OH)COO-(aq) + H2O(l) → CH3CH(OH)COOH(aq) + OH-(aq)

The Kb for lactate is Kw/Ka = 7.25 × 10^-10.

Now we can set up an ICE table to find the [OH^-] concentration:

| CH3CH(OH)COOH | OH^- | CH3CH(OH)COO^-

---|---|---|---

Initial Concentration | 0 | 0 | 0.25

Change | -x | +x | +x

Equilibrium Concentration | 0 - x | x | 0.25 + x

Kb = [CH3CH(OH)COOH][OH^-]/[CH3CH(OH)COO^-]

7.25 × 10^-10 = (x)(x)/(0.25 + x)

Since x is small compared to 0.25, we can assume that (0.25 + x) is approximately 0.25, and we can simplify the equation to:

7.25 × 10^-10 = x^2/0.25

x = 2.14 × 10^-6 M

So, [OH^-] = 2.14 × 10^-6 M

pOH = -log[OH^-] = -log(2.14 × 10^-6) = 5.67

pH + pOH = 14, so pH = 8.33

Therefore, the pH of a 0.25 M solution of sodium lactate is approximately 8.33. The answer is (F).

To know more about pH, click here-

https://brainly.com/question/15289741

#SPJ11

Which of the following is correct to heat a mixture in a laboratory and why?
a. By inclining the mouth of the test tube towards your own face
b. By inclining the mouth of the test tube towards your neighbour's face
c. By inclining the mouth of the test tibe towards nobody face​

Answers

The correct way of heating a mixture in a laboratory is c. by inclining the mouth of the test tube towards nobody's face.

Why are lab guidelines important?

Lab guidelines are important for several reasons including; Safety, Consistency, Efficiency, Compliance, Record-keeping. Inclining the mouth of the test tube towards nobody's face is because inclining the test tube towards your own face or your neighbor's face can cause the hot mixture to splatter and result in burns or injury.

Therefore, it is always important to direct the mouth of the test tube away from any person and towards a safe direction, such as a fume hood or an empty area.

Find out more on heating mixture here: https://brainly.com/question/30640373

#SPJ1

The mass percent of caco3 in the eggshell sample is closest to.

Answers

The mass of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] in the eggshell sample is 8.99 grams.

To calculate the mass of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] in an eggshell sample with a mass percent of 90%, you need to know the total mass of the sample. Let's assume the total mass of the eggshell sample is 10 grams.

The mass percent of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] in the sample is 90%, which means that 9 grams of the sample is made up of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex].

The molecular weight of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] is 100.09 g/mol, so the number of moles of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] in the sample can be calculated as follows:

9 g [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] / 100.09 g/mol = 0.0899 mol [tex]CaCO_3[/tex]

Finally, to calculate the mass of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] in the eggshell sample, we can use the molar mass of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex]:

[tex]0.0899\ mol\ CaCO_3 * 100.09 g/mol = 8.99 g[/tex][tex]CaCO_3[/tex]

To know more about mass percent, here

brainly.com/question/5394922

#SPJ1

--The complete Question is, What is the mass of CaCO3 in an eggshell sample if the mass percent of CaCO3 in the sample is found to be 90%?  --

study this chemical reaction: feso4(aq) mg(s)(s)(aq) then, write balanced half-reactions describing the oxidation and reduction that happen in this reaction.

Answers

The oxidation half-reaction is [tex]2 Mg(s) - > 2 Mg^2^+(aq) + 4e^-[/tex], and the reduction half-reaction is [tex]Fe^2^+(aq) + 2e^- - > Fe(s)[/tex].

The chemical reaction given is:

[tex]FeSO_4(aq) + Mg(s) - > MgSO_4(aq) + Fe(s)[/tex]

To write the half-reactions, we need to identify which species are being oxidized and which are being reduced. In this case, the Mg atom is being oxidized to [tex]Mg^2^+[/tex], while the [tex]Fe^2^+[/tex] ion is being reduced to Fe:

Oxidation half-reaction:

[tex]Mg(s) - > Mg^2^+(aq) + 2e^-[/tex]

Reduction half-reaction:

[tex]Fe^2^+(aq) + 2e^- - > Fe(s)[/tex]

To balance the half-reactions, we need to make sure that the number of electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction is equal to the number of electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction. In this case, the oxidation half-reaction needs to be multiplied by 2 to balance the electrons:

[tex]2 Mg(s) - > 2 Mg^2^+(aq) + 4e^-[/tex]

[tex]Fe^2^+(aq) + 2e^- - > Fe(s)[/tex]

Now, we can add the half-reactions together to get a balanced overall reaction:

[tex]2 Mg(s) + FeSO_4(aq) - > MgSO_4(aq) + Fe(s)[/tex]

To learn about the chemical reaction:

https://brainly.com/question/31854853

#SPJ4

Given: 235 g water; 25 degree C Initial Temp; 100 degree final temp
Find Amount of Heat needed (q)

Answers

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 235 g of water from 25°C to 100°C is 49,610 Joules.

When heating or cooling a substance, the amount of heat transferred can be calculated using the formula q = mcΔT, where q is the amount of heat transferred, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance, and ΔT is the change in temperature. In this case, we are given the mass of water (m = 235 g), the initial temperature (T1 = 25°C), and the final temperature (T2 = 100°C). The specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g°C. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
q = (235 g) x (4.184 J/g°C) x (100°C - 25°C) = 49,610 Joules

To learn more about temperature, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/29072206

#SPJ11

What is the overall charge of the tripeptide if it were fully protonated? Enter your answer numerically, e.g., if it were +5, type 5 without the +. If it were -2, type -2. Type your answer... 5 lonizable groups in Approximate pka in peptides/proteins peptides/proteins a-carboxyl 3.1 Side chain carboxyl 4.1 Imidazole 6.0 a-amino 8.0 Thiol 8.3 E-amino 10.8 Aromatic hydroxyl 10.9 guanidino 12.5 4 points (2 pts.) Draw the tripeptide at physiological (blood) pH. DO (2 pts.) Calculate the pl using the chart given

Answers

The overall charge of the fully protonated tripeptide is 8.

To determine the overall charge of the tripeptide when fully protonated, we first need to consider the pKa values of the ionizable groups in peptides/proteins:

1. α-carboxyl: 3.1

2. Side chain carboxyl: 4.1

3. Imidazole: 6.0

4. α-amino: 8.0

5. Thiol: 8.3

6. ε-amino: 10.8

7. Aromatic hydroxyl: 10.9

8. Guanidino: 12.5

When fully protonated, all ionizable groups will have a positive charge if their pKa value is greater than the pH, and negative charge if their pKa value is less than the pH. Since the tripeptide is fully protonated, we assume the pH is very low (around 0), so all groups with pKa values greater than 0 will have a positive charge.

Now let's determine the charge of each group:

1. α-carboxyl: +1 (pKa 3.1 > 0)

2. Side chain carboxyl: +1 (pKa 4.1 > 0)

3. Imidazole: +1 (pKa 6.0 > 0)

4. α-amino: +1 (pKa 8.0 > 0)

5. Thiol: +1 (pKa 8.3 > 0)

6. ε-amino: +1 (pKa 10.8 > 0)

7. Aromatic hydroxyl: +1 (pKa 10.9 > 0)

8. Guanidino: +1 (pKa 12.5 > 0)

The total charge of the tripeptide when fully protonated is the sum of the charges of all ionizable groups: +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 = +8.

So the overall charge of the fully protonated tripeptide is 8.

Learn more about tripeptide here,

https://brainly.com/question/8174828

#SPJ11

How do we lubricate glass joints?

Answers

To lubricate glass joints, there are a few options available. One common method is to use a silicone-based lubricant. This type of lubricant is suitable for glass joints as it doesn't damage the material and is resistant to water, heat, and chemicals.

Silicone lubricant can be applied directly to the joint or using a cotton swab or brush. It is important to avoid using petroleum-based lubricants as they can damage the glass and cause it to crack or break.
Another option is to use a thin layer of glycerin or vegetable oil. These substances can be applied to the joint using a cotton swab or brush, and they provide temporary lubrication for glass joints. However, they are not as long-lasting as silicone lubricant and may need to be reapplied more frequently.
In some cases, it may be necessary to disassemble the joint and clean it before lubricating. This can be done by soaking the joint in warm, soapy water and using a soft-bristled brush to remove any dirt or debris. Once cleaned, the joint can be dried and lubricated using one of the methods mentioned above.
Overall, it is important to choose a lubricant that is safe for use with glass and to apply it carefully to avoid damaging the joint or surrounding areas.

learn more about glass here

https://brainly.com/question/31626098

#SPJ11

Other Questions
According to Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory, what are the individual influences on behavior? What is 1st line therapy for HIV cachexia? choose the best course of action for each of the following scenarios. a misunderstanding happens with a customer. as the customer service agent, you should . you are dealing with a very difficult customer who is making demands that you consider to be unreasonable. as the customer service agent, you should . Give 4 reasons for giving clothes regular care Two animals are experiencing major events in their life cycles.Animal 1: A panther is a group of cells that are dividing within the mother.Animal 2: A pelican has hatched from an egg.Are these animals at the same stage in their life cycle, or different stages, and why?(20 points)The same stage. Both the panther and the pelican are embryos.The same stage. Both the panther and the pelican are adults.Different stages. The panther is an embryo and the pelican is an infant.Different stages. The panther is an egg and the pelican is an adult. We work with a local manufacturer to produce fair-trade certified tote bags and we want to review our labor strategy. Assume our production of tote bags follows the Cobb Douglas production function: Q = K^(1/2)L^(1/2), and please note that our capital is fixed at 16 units (K=16). Please note that we have already covered our fixed cost of capital.If we sell our fair-trade tote bags for $50 (P), and we pay an hourly wage rate to our workers equal to $10 (w), what is the optimal amount of labor to employ to maximize profits under the VMPL=w optimization rule? a 2x leveraged inverse etf tracks an index that has recently fallen 2%. if the etf was priced at $25 per share before the drop in the indices price, where should the etf be priced now, assuming the etf portfolio performed as intended? Choose the response that correctly determines if the following statement is true or false, with an argument that can be used to defend your solution.When finding the distance between two points on a coordinate plane, it is always necessary to use the Pythagorean Theorem.A) There is no error, the statement is true.B) false; If the two points create a vertical line segment, the Pythagorean Theorem is not needed.C) false; If the two points create a horizontal line segment, the Pythagorean Theorem is not needed.D) false; If the two points create a horizontal or vertical line segment, the Pythagorean Theorem is not needed. Where does Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) come from? In response to what? the passage suggests that behaviorism and type-type identity theory share which of the following weaknesses? Assume that a negative event has occurred in your life. Which of the following conditions would make this event the most stressful?Select one:a. It occurred just after a positive event.b. It was just like an event you had experienced a year earlier.c. It was unexpected.d. You are female, not male. What does resigning from academy of motion pictures mean. McPhilly is conducting a study on the amount of money a customer spends on each visit to the restaurant. The company uses the receipts from 1 McPhilly to conduct the study. The company found that the mean amount spent is $11 with a $3 standard deviation. A. a. What type of sampling method was used? b. What is the probability that a customer spend less than $14 each visit?c. What is the probability that a customer spends more than $7 each visit?d. The customers were asked to respond to the following survey question, determine if the question is biased. Explain why or why not?How does our food compare to PhillyBurger? Do you agree with how the second Wall Street Journal article uses the word "demand"? (ii. A different article in the Wall Street Journal noted: "Electric cars are poised to reduce U.S. gasoline demand by 5% over the next two decades...." ) Find the general solution of the given system. X' = 10 20 8 18 x When using SUMIF or AVERAGEIF functions, the range to be summed or averaged is the last argument in the list. sites of major rioting in the middle and late 1960s which of the following statements correctly describes the motion of the particles in saturns rings? When they reach the bottom, which has less rotational kinetic energy?A. The hollow rodB. The solid rodC. Neither; they have the same Waste from which of the following is an example of nonpoint source pollution?.