The model is subjected to a 100lb total force with the use of solidworks simulation.
How do you locate the reaction force in a simulation using solidworks?
Following analysis execution, right-click Results and choose List Result Force to display response forces. Select Reaction force from the Options menu in the PropertyManager. Additionally, you can choose Results Advisor > List Result Force (Simulation CommandManager). For rigid bodies, reaction forces are not considered.
What standards are most appropriate for evaluating ductile material failure in fusion 360 simulation?The default criterion is yield strength. The yield strength to Von Mises equivalent stress ratio is used to calculate the safety factor. For ductile materials like steel and aluminum in particular, the Von Mises stress is a reliable indicator of failure.
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A corgi dog has a mass of 10 kg and is running at you with a velocity of 5 m/s. What is the momentum of the dog?.
The momentum of the dog will be 50Kgm/s.
What is Momentum?Momentum is the product of the mass of a body and its velocity. Momentum is a vector quantity meaning it has both magnitude and direction.
From Isaac Newton’s second law of motion which states that the time rate of change of momentum is equal to the force acting on the body.
Also, according to Newton’s third law, when a force is applied on a body there is an equal and opposite reaction, so any change in the momentum of one body is balanced by an equal and opposite change of the momentum of another body. So, in the absence of any external force acting on a collection of bodies, their total momentum never changes; this is the law of conservation of momentum.
Momentum, p = mass (m) x velocity (v)
where m = 10kg
v = 5m/s
p = 10 x 5
p = 50kgm/s.
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the number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbirtals that are combined. when two atomic orbitals are combined, one of the resulting mos is at a lower energy than the original atomic orbitals; this is a bonding orbital. the other mo is at higher energy than the original atomic orbitals; this is an antibonding orbital. molecular orbital (mo) theory treats a molecules as a collection of nuclei with mos delocalized over the entire structure. group of answer choices
The overall amount of atomic orbitals that go into creating a molecular orbital is equal to that number. Two H protons make up a chemical H2, which is.
What is the primary energy source?The sun is one of most significant energy sources. Almost all of the energy on earth comes from the sun, which is where it all began. Sunlight provides us with solar thermal energy and can also be used by solar (photovoltaic) cells to generate electricity.
Why is energy so crucial?Because it is a core human requirement, power plays a significant role in our daily lives. Our living thing constructions are not only heated by energy, but also cooled by it.
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a plane is flying horizontally with speed 279 m/s at a height 1390 m above the ground, when a package is dropped from the plane. the acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . neglecting air resistance, when the package hits the ground, the plane will be
When the package hits the ground, the plane will be 4,687.2 m away.
What is the time of motion of the package?
The time taken for the package to fall from the given height is known as the time of motion of the package and the magnitude is calculated by applying the following kinematic equation.
h = vt + ¹/₂gt²
where;
v is the initial vertical velocity of the package = 0g is acceleration due to gravityt is the time of motion of the packageh = 0 + ¹/₂gt²
t = √(2h/g)
t = √ [ (2 x 1390) / ( 9.8) ]
t = 16.8 seconds
The horizontal displacement of the plane at this time;
X = ut
where;
u is the horizontal speed of the planet is the time of motion of the packageX = 279 x 16.8
X = 4,687.2 m
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for the composite bar of prob. 2.111, determine the residual stresses in the tempered-steel bars if p is gradually increased from zero to 98 kips and then decreased back to zero.
The load in the column has an eccentricity of 13.13 mm.
The column has a maximum stress of 78.72 MPa.
a)
P = 310 kN is the axial load that is applied to the column.
At the middle of the column, there is a ym = 9 mm deflection.
The column has an elasticity modulus of E = 200 GPA.
The column measures L= 6.5 m in length.
Consult the textbook's Appendix C, "Properties of Rolled-Steel Shapes."
Rolled-steel form for W25058;
7,420 mm2 is the cross-sectional area.
I = Iy = 18.7106 mm4 is the smallest moment of inertia on the y-axis.
R = ry = 50.3 mm is the smallest radius of gyration on the y-axis.
S = Sy = 185103 mm3 is the section's section modulus.
The column's length (L) and its effective length (Le) are equal (L).
Le = L= 6.5 m
Using the equation, determine the critical load (Pcr).
Pcr = π2EI(Le)2
The elastic modulus in this instance is E.
Change E to 200 GPa, I to 18.7 106 mm4, and Le to 6.5 m.
Pcr=π2 * 200 GPa * 109 N/m21 GPa * 18.7 * 106 mm4 * (1 m1,000 mm)
4(6.5)
2 = 873,665 N * 1 kN1,000 N = 873.665 kN
Using the equation, ascertain the load's eccentricity (e).
ym=e[sec(π2PPcr)−1]
The column's deflection in this instance is ym.
Change ym to 9 mm, P to 310 kN, and Pcr to 873.665 kN.
9 = e * [sec(π2310873.665) − 1]
e = 13.13 mm
As a result, the load's eccentricity within the column is 13.13 mm.
b)
P = 37 kN is the axial load applied to the rod.
P = 310 kN is the axial load that is applied to the column.
At the middle of the column, there is a ym = 9 mm deflection.
The column has an elasticity modulus of E = 200 GPA.
The column measures L= 6.5 m in length.
Consult the textbook's Appendix C, "Properties of Rolled-Steel Shapes."
Rolled-steel form for W25058;
7,420 mm2 is the cross-sectional area.
I = Iy = 18.7106 mm4 is the smallest moment of inertia on the y-axis.
R = ry = 50.3 mm is the smallest radius of gyration on the y-axis.
S = Sy = 185103 mm3 is the section's section modulus.
c)
The section's section modulus in this case is S.
Change I to 18.7106 mm4 and S to 185103 mm3.
c = 18.7 × 106185 × 103 = 101.08 mm
Using the equation, determine the highest tension in the column (max).
σmax = PA(1+ecr2sec(π2PPcr))
Replace P with 310 kN, A with 7,420 mm2, E with 13, C with 101.08 mm, R with 50.3 mm, and Pcr with 873.665 kN.
σmax = 310 kN×1,000 N1 kN7,420 mm2×(1 m1,000 mm)2(1+13.13×101.0850.32sec(π2310873.665))
=78.72×106 Pa×1 MPa106 Pa=78.72 MPa
Consequently, the column's maximum stress is 78.72 MPa.
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What is the bug's speed at the end of this displacement? assume that the speed is due entirely to the wind.
The work done by the wind is 90 × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex] Joules and the bug's speed at the end of this displacement is 6.32 m/s.
The bug's speed can be calculated by the formula -
Work = Force × displacement
Keep the values in formula to find the work done -
W = (4i - 6j) × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex] × (9i - 9j)
Performing multiplication on Right Hand Side of the equation -
W = (36 + 54) × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex]
Performing addition on Right Hand Side of the equation
W = 90 × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex] Joules
The bug's speed at the end is -
W = 1/2mv²
As 1000 gram = 1 kg
So, 45 gram = 45 × [tex] {10}^{-3} [/tex] grams
90 × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex] = 1/2 × 45 × [tex] {10}^{-3} [/tex] × v³
v² = (2 × 90 × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex]) ÷ (45 × [tex] {10}^{-3} [/tex])
v² = (180 × 10) ÷ 45
v² = 1800/45
v² = 40
v = ✓40
v = 6.32 m/s.
Hence, the work done is 90 × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex] Joules and bug's speed is 6.32 m/s.
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The complete question is -
A 45 gram bug is hovering in the air. A gust of wind exerts a force (4i - 6j) × [tex] {10}^{-2} [/tex] N on the bug. How much work is done by the wind as the bug undergoes displacement 9i - 9j. What is the bug's speed at the end of this displacement? assume that the speed is due entirely to the wind.
determine the maximum absolute values of the shear and bending moment. (round the final answer to one decimal place.)
Its maximum quantitative measurements of the bending moment and shear moments are equal at Mmax=0.8538kN.m.
What does the term "bending moment" mean?The vertical pressure or load given to a horizontal beam that causes bending is known as the bending moment. A ductility is a force that can change along a bar or beam's length and causes it to bend.
What different bending moments are there?Depending on the direction of the bending, there are two different types of bending moments: Positive or negative bending: The top fiber experiences compression, which prompts a tension (or tugging) response in the bottom fibre. Young's modulus for the beam's material is same in both tension and compression.
Briefing:
Take P = 3.5 kN
Taking moments about A,
RB×1=3.5×0.3+3.5×0.7+0.450
RB=3.95kN
Resolving the forces vertically,
RA+RB=3.5+3.5
RA+3.95=3.5+3.5
RA=3.05kN
3.05/x=3.95/(1-Xx)
x=0.436m
Mmax=3.05×0.436−3.5×0.136
Mmax=0.8538kN.m
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while having a discussion technician a says that late model vehicles with two and three coat finishes are less susceptible to acid rain technician b says that it is still possible for acid rain to create a peripheral etch or ring on the clear coat of these vehicles
To provide a layer of protection, many automobile proprietors use a ceramic coating package like Armor Shield IX to offer a hard, thin, and invisible protect over clean coats, plastic, vinyl wraps, glass, even headlights, and wheels.
Doing so will now no longer defend from rock chips or put off stains, however a ceramic coating software repels water, prevents acid rain from penetrating to the substances, lowering the ability of oxidation, and thus, retaining the floor protected.
Acid rain outcomes whilst sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) are emitted into the surroundings and transported with the aid of using wind and air currents.
The SO2 and NOX react with water, oxygen and different chemical substances to shape sulfuric and nitric acids. These then blend with water and different substances earlier than falling to the ground.
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What are 3 examples of implied powers?.
In physics, implied powers are important for understanding the behavior of matter and energy. Three examples of implied powers in physics include the conservation of energy, the conservation of momentum, and the law of gravity.
The conservation of energy is an example of an implied power in physics. This law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be transformed from one form to another.
The conservation of momentum is another example of an implied power in physics. This law states that the momentum of a system is constant, and that it can only be changed by an external force.
The law of gravity is a third example of an implied power in physics. This law states that two objects will be attracted to each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
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Consider a weathered rock or soil particle lying on a slope. How will the gravitational force pulling the particle downward along the land surface vary with the inclination of the slope?.
The gravitational force pulling a weathered rock or soil particle downward along the land surface will decrease as the slope angle is lessened.
The gravitational force acting on a body is due to the mass of the object. If an object is falling straight down, the gravitational force acting on the body is given by,
W = m g
W = Weight / Force of gravity
m = Mass
g = Acceleration due to gravity
If the object falls through a slope, its acceleration will be less than 9.8 m / s² which is the value of g when it falls straight down. the value of acceleration will decrease as the angle of slope is decreased.
Therefore, the gravitational force pulling the particle will decrease with decrease in angle of slope.
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12 1 point question at position 12 find the parallel line segments in the diagram and write a mathematical statement showing the parallel line segments.
The parallel line segments are ΔABC ~ ΔAED
Solution:
Parallel line segments: BC/ED
Similar triangles: ΔАВС ~ΔAED
Reason for Similar triangles
In ΔABC and ΔAED, we have
<A= <A (common)
m <ABC = M <AED (Corresponding Angles)
M<ACB = M<ADE (corresponding Angles)
= ΔABC ~ ΔAED
Parallel lines or parallel line segments are always them. They never meet at an equal distance from each other. edge. A table or book is a parallel segment. If a line crosses two sides of a triangle and bisects them equally, the line must be parallel to the third side of the triangle.
Parallel lines are lines that do not intersect or intersect at any point in the plane. They are always parallel and at the same distance from each other. Parallel lines are lines that do not intersect. It can be said that parallel lines meet at infinity. If the slopes are the same and the y-intercepts are different.
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an airplane flying into a headwind travels the 1680-mile flying distance between two cities in 3 hours. on the return flight, the airplane travels this distance in 2 hours and 30 minutes. find the airspeed of the plane (in mi/h) and the speed of the wind (in mi/h), assuming that both remain constant.
Speed of plane, x = 616 mph and speed of wind, c = 56 mph
What is speed?Time rate at which an object is moving along a path is known as speed, whereas velocity is the rate and direction of the movement of object.
Let x be the speed of plane and c be the speed of wind
then x - c = speed without wind; and x + c= speed with wind
We know, distance=speed* time
2hr30min = 150 min=2.5 hr
1680 =(x-c)* 3
1680 =3x -3c --- (1)
1680 = (x+c)* 2.5
1680 =2.5x+2.5c ----(2)
Multiply equation (1) with 2.5 and equation (2) with 3
4200 = 7.5x -7.5c
5040 =7.5x + 7.5c
Adding these 2 equation to eliminate c
9240 =15 x
Speed of plane, x = 616 mph
1680 =3x -3c
3c =3x-1680
3c =3(616) -1680
3c =168
Speed of wind, c = 56 mph
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Frequently, attention in an equilibrium situation is confined to a plane. An example would be a ladder leaning against a wall, which is in danger of slipping only in the plane perpendicular to the ground and wall. By orienting a Cartesian coordinate system so that the x and y axes are in this plane, choose which of the following sets of quantities must be zero to maintain static equilibrium in this plane.
\sum F_x and \sum \tau_z and \sum F_y
\sum F_z and \sum \tau_x and \sum \tau_y
\sum \tau_x and \sum F_x and \sum \tau_y and \sum F_y
\sum \tau_x and \sum F_x and \sum \tau_y and \sum F_y and \sum \tau_z
To preserve static equilibrium in this plane, the following sets of quantities must all be zero: ∑Fx and ∑τz and ∑Fy
We can see from the question that we must demonstrate the collection of values that must be zero in order to maintain static equilibrium on the provided plane.
As a result, we can see that the set of variables that must equal zero in order to maintain static equilibrium in the given plane is composed of Fx, Fy, and τz
This is due to the fact that a system must have all of its components' forces added together to equal zero in order for it to remain in equilibrium.
Thus, To preserve static equilibrium in this plane, the following sets of quantities must all be zero: ∑Fx and ∑τz and ∑Fy
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calculate the theoretical volume of water in the distillate. compare this value and the estimated volume of alkenes which you calculated in the pre-lab assignment with the values that you actually observed.
On the reaction of the methyl cyclohexanol with water as mentioned methylcyclohexane is formed.
In the reaction one mole of the reactants give one ole of the product.
The theoretical yield of the product s given as 14.164
The molar mass of 1-methyl cyclohexene is =12
7=96g/m o l
Then number if theoretical moles= 14.164/96 =0.1475 moles
the moles of the reactants taken would be same as the moles of the product that has to be formed =0.1475 moles of cyclol hexanol and water
so as w know that density of water is = 1g/ml
so for 0.1475 moles of water = 0.1475
Hexanol is a colorless liquid with a fruity smell. it's far used as a flavoring additive, as an insecticide, inside the processing of leather-based, and within the manufacture of antiseptics, perfumes, plasticizers and other chemical compounds. * n-Hexanol is on the risky Substance list because it's miles mentioned by way of DOT and NFPA.
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Consider a lamina occupying the region R and having the density function rho: R is the rectangular region with vertices (0, 0), (0, 3), (8, 3). rho(x, y) = ((xy)^(1/2)).
a) Find the moments of inertia Ix, Iy, and I0 about the x-axis, y-axis, and origin, respectively.
b) Find the radii of gyration with respect to the x-axis, y-axis, and origin, respectively.
There are specified boundary conditions.y = root of x – 1 – y = 3 – x – y = 0, and y = 0 when x is subtracted from the answer.
Find the moments of inertia ?
We must determine how much the area of rwill be now that we have the figure. Using integration, we will obtain the d l of r, whose area is equal to the integration of the 122 root of our x minus 1 dx plus the integration of limit 2233 minus x Dx. From here, we can write that 2 divided by 3 multiply x, minus 1 whole to the power 3 divided by 2 limit 1 to 2 plus 3 x minus x, squared y = root of x – 1 – y = 3 – x – y = 0, and y = 0 when x is subtracted from the answer.To learn more about boundary conditions refer
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when measuring the power of a 3 phase circuit at 55 percent power factor using only 2 wattmeters, one wattmenter will read?
One of the two wattmeter will read 0.696 W in a 3 phase circuit at 55% power factor.
How do two wattmeters measure power?Two voltage readings made with reference to the same phase (line) and two currents flowing into that phase are used in the two-wattmeter approach. The three-phase system is assumed to be balanced, with the sum of all voltages equaling 0 V and the sum of all currents equaling 0 A.
What is the 3 phase power measurement's power factor?Three wattmeters are needed to calculate the overall power factor in a three-phase, four-wire system. Watts are measured by each metre, and measurements of volts and amps are also taken. By dividing the total watts from each metre by the total volt-amps, the power factor is derived.
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An illustration of a triangle. Two arrows labeled a and b go up the two sides of the triangle to the top of the triangle labeled gas. An arrow labeled c goes across the bottom from the point labeled solid to the point labeled liquid. Which changes of state do the labels represent? a: b: c:.
the labels a: b: c represent sublimation : evaporation : melting
what is sublimation, evaporation and melting?
sublimation - Sublimation is the process by which solid substance becomes gaseous (or vapor) without going through the liquid state.
evaporation - It is the process by which a liquid becomes a gas. This is common when a puddle of water evaporates or clothing is dried after washing.
melting - The melting point is the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid. This is 32F or 0C for water under normal atmospheric conditions. It can be influenced by pressure or impurity, so it is critical to specify the conditions.
here,
The arrow a goes up from point solid to pint gas is a process of sublimation.
The arrow b that goes up from point liquid to point gas is a process of evaporation.
The arrow c that goes across the bottom from point solid to point liquid is a process of melting.
the labels a: b: c represent sublimation : evaporation : melting
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Answer:sublimation, vaporization, melting
Explanation: right on edge
54(a) Define the capacitance of a capacitor
(b) State:
three factors on which the capacitance
a parallel plate capacitor depends.
(ii) two uses of capacitors.
(c) The plates of a parallel - plate capacitor
are 5mm apart and 2m² in area. The plates
are in vacuum. A potential difference of 1kv
is applied across the capacitor.
Calculate the:
(i)
Capacitance
(ii) charge on each plate
ii) electric intensity in the space between them
iv) energy stored in the capacitor
[NECO,2000] [Permitivity of free space.
Do=8.85x10-¹² Nm²C²1
a) The ratio of the electric charge on each conductor to the potential difference (i.e., voltage) between them is used to express capacitance.
b) The area of the plates, the spacing between them, and the type of insulating material or dielectric between them are the three variables that have an impact on a parallel-plate capacitor's capacitance.
c) The area of each plate, the dielectric material separating the plates, and the distance between the plates all affect the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
What is Capacitor?An electrostatic field of energy is stored in a capacitor, a passive electrical component. A capacitor is made up of two conducting plates and an insulating substance called the dielectric in its most basic form.Farads (F), which bear the name of English physicist Michael Faraday, are the units used to measure the capacitance of a capacitor (1791–1867). There is a lot of capacitance in a farad.a capacitor is an electrical energy storage device that consists of two conductors that are isolated from one another and placed near to one another. A straightforward illustration of such a storage system is the parallel-plate capacitor.A dielectric material and two metal plates serve as the building blocks of a capacitor.To learn more about Capacitor refer to:
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Cargo is tied with rope on the roof of a 4.5-foot-tall car: The car travels down road at 40 milh and hits a concrete barrier and the rope snaps, allowing the cargo to propel forward Find the time it takes for the cargo to hit the ground and the horizontal distance the cargo travels. Let y represent height in feet; let x represent horizontal distance in feet, and let t represent time in seconds Equation 1: y -l6.lt2 + 4.5 Equation 2: y 0.0047x2 + 4.5
It takes 0.58 seconds for the cargo to hit the ground and it travels 0 feet horizontally.
What is cargo?
Bulk goods transported by water, air, or land are referred to as cargo. In the language of economics, freight refers to cargo that is transported for profit at a freight rate. Originally referring to a shipload, the term "cargo" is now used to refer to all forms of freight, including that transported by rail, van, truck, or intermodal container. Because perishable inventory is always moving toward a final end-use, even when it is kept in cold storage or another similar climate-controlled facility, the term "cargo" is also used to refer to goods in the cold-chain. Freight is a term that is frequently used to refer to the flows of goods that are transported via any mode of transportation. In particular by shipping lines and logistics operators, multi-modal container units, designed even though reusable carriers to facilitate unitized handling of a goods contained, are also known as cargo.
To solve for the time it takes for the cargo to hit the ground, we need to solve for t. To do this, we'll use Equation 1 and set y = 0, since the cargo will hit the ground at y = 0.
0 - 16.1t2 + 4.5
16.1t2 = -4.5
t2 = -4.5 / 16.1
t = √(-4.5 / 16.1) ≈ 0.58 seconds
To solve for the horizontal distance the cargo travels, we'll use Equation 2, setting t = 0.58 seconds.
0.0047(x2) + 4.5
x2 = (4.5 - 4.5) / 0.0047
x2 = 0 / 0.0047
x = √(0 / 0.0047) ≈ 0 feet
Therefore, it takes 0.58 seconds for the cargo to hit the ground and it travels 0 feet horizontally.
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a bungee jumper with mass 61.0 kg jumps from a high bridge. after reaching his lowest point, he oscillates up and down, hitting a low point eight more times in 40.0 s . he finally comes to rest 26.0 m below the level of the bridge. Calculate the spring stiffness constant and the unstretched length of the bungee cord.
The spring constant stiffness and the unstretched length of the bungee cord is 18.91 m
A bungee jumper mass m is = 61.0 kg
the time period is T = 40.0s / 8
= 5s
T = 2π√ (m /k )
5s = 2π √ 61.0 / k
spring constant k = 98.09 N/m
let the unstreched length is L
then the extension in the cord is x = mg / K
= 61.0 kg * 9.8 / 98.09
= 6.09 m
unstreched length of the bungee jump cord is L = 25 - 6.09 m
= 18.91 m
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what fraction of ice is submerged when it floats in fresh water, given the density of water at 0 oc is very close to 1000 kg/m3. density of ice is 0.917 g/cm3.
The fraction of ice submerged when it floats in fresh water is 0.9.
Given that the density of water is 1000 kg/m³ and density of ice is 0.917 gm/cm³.
Converting gm/cm³ to kg/m³ we get, 0.917 gm/cm³ = 917 kg/m³
ρ₁ = 1000 kg/m³, ρ₂ = 917 kg/m³
V₁ = volume of water displaced = xV₂, V₂ = volume of ice submerged
Archimedes principle states that, the buoyant force on the ice will be equal to the weight of the water displaced. Using this principle in the above question.
ρ₁V₁= ρ₂V₂
V₁ = ρ₂V₂/ρ₁
xV₂ = 917 V₂/1000
x = 0.9
Thus, the fraction of ice submerged in water is 0.9.
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Identify the conditions for an elastic collision in a closed system. check all that apply. energy is conserved. velocities may change. momentum is conserved. kinetic energy is conserved. objects stick together after the elastic collision. one object may be stationary before the elastic collision.
For all collisions in a closed gadget, momentum is conserved. In some collisions in a closed machine, kinetic electricity is conserved. when both momentum and kinetic strength are conserved, the collision is called an elastic collision.
An elastic collision is a collision wherein there's no net loss in kinetic energy inside the gadget due to the collision. each momentum and kinetic energy are conserved quantities in elastic collisions.
Kinetic energy is the energy an item has because of its movement. If we want to boost up an item, then we must practice pressure. applying a force calls for us to do paintings. After work has been accomplished, strength has been transferred to the item, and the object can be shifted with a new regular speed.
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Answer:
1234 and 6
Explanation:
100% on edge
the glass core of an optical fiber has an index of refraction 1.64. the index of refraction of the cladding is 1.49.
Consequently, an optical fiber's glass core has a 0.58° index of refraction.
What is index of refraction?The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum (c) to the speed of light in a medium (c') is known as the index of refraction (n): The propagation vector in the new medium has a different angle with respect to the normal as a result of this difference in speed when light travels from one medium to another at an angle. The refractive index of glass is 1.5. This indicates that the speed of light in glass is not independent of light color and is 1.5 times slower than in a vacuum.
What is the thinnest index for glasses?The thinnest, flattest, and most aesthetically pleasing lens ever created is a high index 1.74 lens. These incredibly thin lenses provide you the best in both technology and aesthetics because they are 5% thinner than 1.67 high index lenses and approximately 50% thinner than plastic.
Briefing:refractive index of glass (n₁)= 1.64
refractive index of cladding,(n₂) = 1.49
To ensure that the refracted angle in the cladding is 90°, we must determine the critical angle in the core.
Using Snell's Law we have
n₁ x sin (θ₁ ) = n₂ x sin(θ₂)
θ₂ = 90°
n₁ x sin (θ₁ ) = n₂ x sin(90°)
Ɵ₁=sin⁻¹ (n₂/n₁)
Ɵ₁=sin⁻¹ (1.49/1.64)
Ɵ₁=sin⁻¹(0.908)
Ɵ₁=90.58
However, the normal is used to quantify this angle.
= 90° - 90.58°
= 0.58°
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a helium-neon laser emits laser light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm and a power of 2.3 mw. at what rate are photons emitted by this device?
These photons are emitted by this devices at rate 73.2 x 10¹⁴
The rate of photons emittedPhotons can be absorbed or emitted from atoms if the electrons in the atom transition from a state expressed in quantum numbers. The movement of electrons from a lower quantum state to a higher quantum state requires photons.
To determine the rate of the emitted photon, find the energy of each photon first.
Use formula:
E = hc/λ
h is Planck's constant and c is the speed of light.
h = (6.628) (10⁻³⁴) Js
c = (2.998) (10⁸) m/s
So,
E = hc/λ
= (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴) (2.9 × 10⁸) / (632.8 x 10⁻⁹)
= 3.14 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
Hence the energy emitted = 2.3 x 10⁻³
So, the rate:
= 2.3 x 10⁻³ / 3.14 x 10⁻¹⁹
= 73.2 x 10¹⁴
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What percentage of the final current I0 flows through an inductor L in series with a resistor R , three time constants after the circuit is completed?
The required percentage of the final current that flows is 95 %.
The percentage of the final current flows through an inductor Using the decay of current in the RL circuit,
[tex]I = I_{0} ( 1 - e^{\frac{-l}{r} } )[/tex]
It is given that an inductor L in series with a resistor R
So, l = 3r
Then,
[tex]I = I_{0} ( 1 - e^{\frac{-3r}{r} } )\\\\I = I_{0} ( 1 - e^{-3 } )[/tex]
Now,
[tex]I = I_{0} ( 1 - e^{-3 } )\\\\ I = I_{0} ( 1 - 0.04978 } )\\\\I =I_{0} *0.95[/tex]
So,
[tex]\frac{I}{I_{0} }*100 = 95 %[/tex]
Hence, The required percentage of the final current that flows is 95 %.
A force perpendicular to the charge's own velocity and the magnetic field acts on it when the charge is travelling through a magnetic field.
The magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials is described by a magnetic field, which is a vector field.
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TRUE/FALSE. founders' shares, a type of classified stock owned by the firm's founders, generally have more votes per share than the other classes of common stock.
A sort of categorized stock known as founders' shares is owned by the company's founders and typically has more voting rights per share than other classes of common stock.
What is founders' shares ?This is accurate since founders typically hold the earliest shares of a company, giving them a greater number of voting rights per share than other classes of common stock.The founders of the company own founders' shares, a sort of categorized stock that often has higher voting power per share than other classes of common stock.The shares given to a company's founders are referred to as founders stock.Up until a dividend is due to the holders of common stock, the stock frequently doesn't generate any income.When the shares in founders stock become exercisable is determined by the vesting schedule.To learn more about founders' shares refer
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the differences between the spectra of type ia and type ib become more obvious as the supernova ages. in particular, the helium features in type ib spectra strengthen, and at late times the spectra show mostly intermediate mass elements like oxygen. this is a clear contrast to the type ia supernovae whose late-time spectra are dominated by iron and cobalt lines. this dominance of intermediate mass elements at late times indicated that type ib have a similar origin to the type ii supernovae, being massive stars that undergo core-collapse. the key difference between these three types of core-collapse supernovae is that snii are still surrounded by their shell of hydrogen gas. while type ib have lost this, only having their helium shell left. on the other hand, type ic have lost both their hydrogen and helium shells. this is reflected in the presence of hydrogen in the snii spectra, the absence of hydrogen but the presence of helium in type ib spectra, and the absence of both hydrogen and helium in the spectra of type ic. however, further evidence that the progenitors of type ib are massive stars, comes from the discovery of a limited number of supernovae which had normal type ii spectra at maximum but the spectra of type ib supernovae as late times. this transition from snii to snib is possible strongly suggests a common origin for both of these types of supernova.
A supernova is a powerful and luminous explosion of a star. It has the plural form supernovae or supernovas.
The transient astronomical event occurs during the last evolutionary stages of a massive star or when a white dwarf is triggered into runaway nuclear fusion. The original object, either collapses to a neutron star, or is completely destroyed. The peak optical luminosity of a supernova can be comparable to that of an entire galaxy before fading over several weeks or months.
The last supernova to be directly observed in the Milky Way galaxy was Kepler's Supernova in 1604, appearing not long after the also visible, but the remnants of more recent supernova have been found. Observations of supernova in other galaxies suggest they occur in the Milky Way on average about three times every century.
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Part Description Answer The two main categories of pipes we examine for our physics of sound study are Save 1. straight pipes with red waves and straight pipes with blue waves a pipe with both ends open, and a pipe with one end closed a pipe with pressure and a pipe with displacement a pipe with no openings and pipe with many openings 5.56 pts. 100% 10% try penalty Hints: Q,0 You have an open pipe and closed pipe of the same length: Which will have the higher (fundamental frequency 5.56 pts.100% 33% try penalty 1. open pipe 2. closed pipe 3. they will have the same frequency Hints: 0,0 What is the harmonic n = 3 of an open-open pipe 9 m in length? (include units with answer) 5.56 pts.100% Format Check 2% try penalty Bonus hint Hints: 1,0 What is the harmonic n = 3 of an closed-open pipe 9 m in (length? (include units with answer) 5.56 pts. 100% Format Check 2% try penalty Bonus hint Hints: 0,0
Examining the types of Organ Pipes, we evaluate,
A) 2) A pipe with both ends open, and a pipe with one end closed
The first pipe is called an open pipe and the second pipe is called a closed pipe
B) 1) open pipe
If L is the length of the pipes,
fundamental frequency of open pipe, f(open)= v/(2*L)
fundamental frequency of closed pipe, f(closed)= v/(4*L)
clearly, f(open) = 2*f(closed)
C) 5th harmonic of open pipe, f5 = 5*v/(2*L) = 5*343/(2*2) = 429 Hz
D) 5th harmonic of closed pipe, f5 = 5*v/(4*L) = 5*343/(4*2) = 214 Hz
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Two wheels are free to spin about the same axle. The moment of inertia of wheel 1 is 2.58 kg m2, and the moment of inertia of wheel 2 is 1.30 kg m2. When the axle is in its initial position, wheel 1 spins clockwise with an angular speed of 35.00 rad/s, and wheel 2 spins counterclockwise with an angular speed of 39.00 rad/s.
(a) What is the magnitude of the angular momentum of the two disk system in this initial position?
kg m2/s
(b) The axle is rotated, or tilted, by 180° to its final position. What is the magnitude of the vector quantity ?L?
kg m2/s
(c)The wheels are returned to their initial position, and wheel 2 spins clockwise at 39.00 rad/s. What is the magnitude of the angular momentum of the two disk system in this new configuration?
kg m2/s
(d)The axle is once again rotated, or tilted, by 180° to its final position. What is the magnitude of the vector quantity ?L?
kg m2/s
L = I, where L is angular momentum, I is rotational inertia, and (the Greek letter omega) is angular velocity, is the formula for angular momentum.
What is the angular momentum rule?(a) The two wheels' moments of inertia are I 1 = 2.12 kg/m2 and I 2 = 1.44 kg/m2.The same axle can be freely spun by two wheels. Wheel 1 has a moment of inertia of 2.12 kg m 2 while wheel 2 has a moment of inertia of 1.44 kg m 2.5.27 kg. #m2. = c. 1. 12. (10)(0.452) + 10(0.2252)d + c. 2.The mass moment of inertia of the wheel about an axis perpendicular to the pageThe polar opposite is true.This was how things were developing.The direction it is currently traveling is this.I decided to make this either positive or negative.A body's resistance to a change in the direction of its rotation or angular momentum is measured by its mass moment of inertia, also referred to as rotational inertia.To learn more about the angular momentum refer to:
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using disks or washers, find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by the curves y
The volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by the curves y is 76π/3.
How to calculate volume?The area between the red lines and x-axis is revolved around the blue line. We take the large disk and subtract the area of the smaller one.We can divide up the problem into two parts. The first is when y < 2. The second is when 2 < y < 4. In the first scenario, the outer radius is 3 and the inner is 1. The volume is therefore,(π*32 – π*12)*2 = 8π*2 = 16π
For the second part, The outer radius is 3 still, but the inner radius is x - 1. But since we are integrating with respect to y, we'll say y - 1. And it's evaluated from 2 to 4:
∫24 π(32 – (y-1)2) dy
= π∫24 9 – (y2 – 2y + 1) dy
= π∫24 9 – y2 + 2y – 1 dy
= π∫24 8 – y2 + 2y dy
= π[8y – (1/3)y3 + y2]24
= π{[8×4 – (1/3)43 + 42] – [8×2 – (1/3)23 + 22]}
= π{[32 – 64/3 + 16] – [16–8/3 + 4]}
= π(32 – 64/3 + 16 – 16 + 8/3 – 4)
= π(28 – 56/3)
= π(84 – 56)/3
= 28π/3
We add this to 16π from earlier to get
(48 + 28)π/3
= 76π/3
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car b is rounding the curve with a constant speed of 54 km/h, and car a is approaching car b in the intersection with a constant speed of 72 km/h. determine the velocity which car a appears to have to an observer riding in and turning with car b. the x-y axes are attached to car b. is this apparent velocity the negative of the velocity which b appears to have to a non-rotating observer in car a? the distance separating the two cars at the instant depicted is 40 m.
The velocity of car A relative to the observer of car B when the car B is not rotating is, V = ( 20i - 15j ) m/s
Velocity of car B with which it is rounding is: Vb = 54km/hr = 15m/s
velocity of car A with which it is approaching car B: Va = 72km/hr = 20m/s
Distance between the two cars, d = 40m
velocity is car A is
Va = Vb + Vb/r × d + V ( V is the velocity of car A relative to the observer of car B)
20i = 15j + 15/100k × ( -40i ) + V
20i = 15j - 6j + V
V = ( 20i - 9j ) m/s
Thus the velocity of car A relative to the observer of car B = ( 20i - 9j ) m/s
The velocity of car A relative to the observer of car B when the car B is not rotating, V = ( 20i - 15j ) m/s
As this velocity is not negative relative to the previously calculated velocity.
Thus, this apparent velocity is not negative.
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