A high-pressure, fast-moving mixture of pyroclastic debris, including fragments and gas typically ejected vertically from a volcanic vent, is called a plume.
A plume is a column of hot gas and ash that rises from a volcanic vent. The column of gas and ash can reach heights of several kilometers. Plumes can be very dangerous because they can cause widespread damage and destruction.When a plume forms, the hot gas and ash rise into the atmosphere. The plume can be carried long distances by the wind. Plumes can cause damage to buildings, crops, and forests. They can also cause respiratory problems in people and animals.
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Explain how the GAC affects the weather and climate of the tropics. (6 marks)
Global atmospheric circulation (GAC)
The movement of air across the planet occurs in a specific pattern. The whole system is driven by the equator, which is the hottest part of the Earth. Air rises at the equator, leading to low pressure and rainfall.
When the air reaches the edge of the atmosphere, it cannot go any further and so it travels to the north and south. The air becomes cold and falls to create high pressure and dry conditions at around 30° north and south of the equator. Large cells of air are created in this way. Air rises again at around 60° north and south and descends again at around 90° north and south. Global atmospheric circulation creates winds across the planet and leads to areas of high rainfall, like tropical rainforests, and areas of dry air, like deserts.
Global circulation can be described as the worldwide system of winds by which the necessary transport of heat from tropical to polar latitudes is accomplished. In each hemisphere, there are three cells (Hadley cell, Ferrel cell, and Polar cell) in which air circulates through the entire depth of the troposphere. The troposphere is the name given to the vertical extent of the atmosphere from the surface, right up to between 10 and 15 km high.
Hadley cell
Hadley Cells are the low-latitude overturning circulations that have air rising at the equator and air sinking at roughly 30° latitude. They are responsible for the trade winds in the Tropics and control low-latitude weather patterns.
The largest cells extend from the equator to between 30 and 40 degrees north and south and are named Hadley cells, after English meteorologist George Hadley. Within the Hadley cells, the trade winds blow towards the equator, then ascend near the equator as a broken line of thunderstorms, which forms the Inter-Tropical-Convergence Zone (ITCZ). From the tops of these storms, the air flows towards higher latitudes, where it sinks to produce high-pressure regions over the subtropical oceans and the world's hot deserts, such as the Sahara desert in North Africa
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viscosity is function of temperature and composition, so which magma would have the highest viscosity (least likely to flow)?
The magma with the highest viscosity would be the one that is the most felsic, or the one with the highest silica content. This is because silica is a major component of magma, and the more silica there is in a magma, the higher its viscosity will be.
A magma's viscosity determines how easily it flows. The higher the viscosity, the more difficult it is for the magma to flow. The magma with the highest viscosity would be the one that is the most felsic, or the one with the highest silica content. This is because silica is a major component of magma, and the more silica there is in a magma, the higher its viscosity will be.
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on the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere, which location on earth has the most hours of daylight?
On the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere, The Arctic Circle has the most hours of daylight.
What takes place on the solstice?The earth's tilt toward or away from the sun is at its greatest during the summer solstice. As a result, the sun appears at its maximum elevation on the summer solstice, and its noontime position remains rather constant for several days before and after.
Why are solstices significant and what are they?Earth's axis of rotation is tilted by about 23.4 degrees in relation to its orbit around the sun, which causes solstices to occur. Since the Northern and Southern Hemispheres receive different amounts of sunlight throughout the course of a year, this tilt determines the seasons on our planet.
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how are recent changes to the cryosphere and oceans similar to natural changes to the cryosphere and oceans when going from a glacial period to an interglacial period?
The recent changes to the cryosphere and oceans similar to interglacial period in the following way :
Glaciers and ice sheets melt thereby causing an increase in sea levels.
What do you mean by glacial and interglacial periods and what are the changes which can be seen?
Glacial periods referred to that period which consisted of large amounts of ice, while in the interglacial period there was little to no ice. The
The whole period ranged from 1,20,000-11,500 years ago. In the recent period, the sea ice has thinned very much especially in the Arctic sea area and the summer extent has decreased substantially. The cryosphere is constantly melting due to human actions along with some natural consequences as well. It is leading to a very small snow season and disappearance of caps, glaciers and intermontane glaciers.
There is an adverse effect on climate. We are currently living in an interglacial period which is constantly affected by our action
Hence, Glaciers and ice sheets melt thereby causing an increase in sea levels.
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climate science relies on computer models to analyze the many variables of past (and future) climate change. is this an acceptable way of doing science?
No, scientific conclusions can only be proven using direct measurements.
A controlled, meticulously documented, and replicable (reproducible) experiment is used to test a hypothesis, according to one definition of the scientific method. In actuality, there are numerous approaches to do scientific research. Nevertheless, the aforementioned definition is a fair summarization or approximation of a lot of scientific work.
As instructors administer tests, quizzes, demonstrations, and reports throughout a course or programme, direct measurements are used to give concrete evidence of student learning. They frequently involve capstone projects, tests, and essays, and are graded using rubrics.
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an extrusive rock is an igneous rock that occurs at earth's surface. group of answer choices true false
This statement is False. Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock is produced when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the Earth's surface.
What are Extrusive rocks?
There are many possible outcomes when a volcano erupts. Numerous compounds can erupt from the volcano's vent, and earthquakes are frequently measured. Typically, gaseous material, including ash and gaseous chemicals, billows from the top. The mountain's face is covered in lava, some of which can erupt out of the summit at high speeds and fall to the ground as chunks of swiftly cooling rock. Extrusive rock refers to the lava that cools on the volcano's surface and in the vicinity.
Extrusive rock is an igneous rock type that crystallises and cools on the earth's surface. A particular kind of rock called igneous rock is created when magma, which is another name for lava that is still present beneath the ground, cools and crystallizes. When the igneous rock breaks through the earth's surface, such as during a volcanic eruption, it can either cool slowly just below the surface of the planet or swiftly. When identifying rocks, this is crucial since igneous rock will always seem uniformly smooth or grainy.
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How are folds and faults created?
Answer:
The movement of the Earth's plates leads to rocks being compressed into each other, and this in turn leads to the formation of folds and faults. Folds form when the layers of rock bend around, and defects occur when rock layers break, and in some cases slide over each other.
Explanation:
Folding- Folding occurs when tectonic processes stress a rock, and the rock bends, instead of breaking. This can create a variety of landforms as the surfaces of the folded rocks are eroded. Anticlines are folds shaped like an arch, and synclines are shaped like the letter 'U.
Faults are planes of detachment resulting when rocks on either side of the displacement slip past one another. Significant faults within Earth's crust result from the action of plate tectonic forces, with the largest forming the boundaries between the plates, such as the megathrust faults of subduction zones or transform faults. Energy release associated with rapid movement on active faults is the cause of most earthquakes.
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describe the airflow around a low-pressure center (cyclone) and a high-pressure center (anticyclone) and the weather associated with each.
A cyclone is a large scale air mass that rotates around a low-pressure center. The rotation is caused by the Coriolis force, which is stronger at the poles than at the equator. The cyclone's rotational energy is transferred to the atmosphere, which causes the air to rise. This rising air causes the pressure at the center of the cyclone to drop, which causes the wind to speed up. The cyclone's rotational energy is also transferred to the water, which causes the waves to grow larger. The cyclone's wind and waves can cause extensive damage to coastal areas.
The anticyclone is the opposite of the cyclone. It is a large scale air mass that rotates around a high-pressure center. The anticyclone's rotational energy is transferred to the atmosphere, which causes the air to sink. This sinking air causes the pressure at the center of the anticyclone to rise, which causes the wind to speed up. The anticyclone's rotational energy is also transferred to the water, which causes the waves to grow smaller. The anticyclone's wind and waves can cause extensive damage to coastal areas.
how does a muscle pull a bone
Answer:
Muscles are attached to bones by tendons and help them to move. When a muscle contracts (bunches up), it gets shorter and so pulls on the bone it is attached to. When a muscle relaxes, it goes back to its normal size. Muscles can only pull and cannot push. Therefore muscles have to work in pairs to move a joint.
Explanation:
Hoped dat help
Read the section titled "Candomble and Catholicism. " How did Africans continue to practice their native religions in Brazil after arriving as slaves? (Site 1)
The Catholic Church and slave owners felt it was necessary to convert Africans to Christianity when they were brought to Brazil. The slaves would become more submissive, they reasoned. The Africans have come up with a variety of methods to maintain their religious practices.
- A lot of Africans were openly practicing Christianity while secretly praying to their own deities.
- They hid their sacred deity emblems inside of Catholic saint statues.
- They misrepresented Catholic gatherings as Candomble worship groups.
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Please help due tonight. Need help with both please.
Answer:
Should I answer the two questions
in the last several weeks, 99 days saw rain and 67 days saw high winds. in that same time period, 149 days saw either rain or high winds. how many days saw both rain and high winds?
in the last several weeks, 99 days saw rain and 67 days saw high winds. in that same time period, 149 days saw either rain or high winds. 17 days sow both rain and high winds.
How to solve the problem?
So as we can see, there was 99 rainy days and 67 days of high wind.
Now it is mentioned that there are 149 days in which one of the actions occurred.
so must formulate this problem as,
Days rained+ Days with the high wind - Days when both happened= 149
and now we will put the numbers over here.
99+67-X=149
X=99+67-149
X=17
So there are 17 days in total where there is both rain and high wind.
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The government will help you in the following ways,should an eruption damage your home or business.
Public servants keep their communities safe by creating and practicing emergency plans, educating the public about local threats, and notifying them of emergency procedures in disaster management.
What is disaster management?
Disaster management is the process by which we "prepare for, respond to and learn from the effects of severe failures." It is how we cope with the human, material, economic, or environmental impacts of a given disaster.
Disasters can have human causes, despite the fact that nature frequently causes them. Disasters are viewed by emergency managers as recurrent events that include four phases: mitigation, readiness, response, and recovery.
The objectives of disaster management initiatives are to minimize or eliminate possible losses from hazards, ensure immediate and appropriate support to catastrophe victims, and achieve a quick and efficient recovery.
Disasters are significant setbacks to a community's ability to function that go beyond what it can handle on its own. Natural, man-made, and technical risks, as well as a number of other variables that affect a community's exposure and vulnerability, can all result in disasters.
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with the help of the text in unit 1 and from your studies find out the definitions
of the following terms inland drainage
Answer:
Inland drainage refers to the drainage system where the streams of the rivers do not meet into an ocean or a sea instead they empty their waters in an Inland ocean or a lake.
Explanation:
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Answer:
-_-
Explanation:
crazy
Sir Edmund Hillary, from the country of New Zealand, along with his Sherpa guide, Tenzing Norgay, were the first two people to summit Mt. Everest. The year was 1953. It is said they buried cookies at the summit as a gift to the goddess of the mountain. Hillary spent 4 hours each day riding a train to go to school. He spent lots of this time reading books.What types of books did young Hillary especially enjoy reading?
As Sir Edmund Hillary along with his Sherpa guide "Tenzing Norgay" were the first two people to summit Mt. Everest, the types of books he enjoy reading when he was younger would likely be an adventure books.
Who was known as Sir Edmund Hillary?He was a popular New Zealand mountain climber and Antarctic explorer who with the Tibetan mountaineer "Tenzing Norgay" was the first to reach the summit of Mount Everest (29,035 feet [8,850 metres] which is the highest mountain in the world.
Even though he made his living as beekeeper, he climbed mountains in New Zealand, in the Alps and finally in the Himalayas, where he climbed 11 different peaks of over 20,000 feet. This made him ready to confront the world's highest mountain. Mt. Everest.
In one of Hillary's speech, his words is as quoted"...read a lot of books about adventure, to actually getting involved in things like mountaineering, and then becoming a reasonably competent mountaineer...".
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the high temperature of earth's interior is mainly due to group of answer choices radioactive processes. great internal pressure. the earth's natural heat. friction, as plates move past one another.
The high temperature of the earth's interior is mainly due to radioactive processes.
Radioactive processes can be described as the processes in which the atoms that have an unstable nucleus split in an effort to form stable nuclei.
The radioactive process is highly exothermic which means that a large amount of thermal energy or heat is released as a result of a radioactive reaction.
This thermal energy trapped in the interior of the Earth due to the radioactive process is one of the leading causes of high temperatures of the Earth.
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Using Figure 1, describe the global distribution of LICs
approximately how often do locked segments of the san andreas fault (california) break, resulting in major earthquakes?
Approximately once every hundred and fifty years locked segments of the san andreas fault break, resulting in major earthquakes .
What is meant by Earthquakes ?
An earthquake is the shaking of the Earth's surface caused by a rapid release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere, which generates seismic waves. It is also referred to as a quake, tremor, or temblor. Earthquakes can range in strength from those that are so little that no one can feel them to those that are powerful enough to throw things and people into the air, destroy vital infrastructure, and devastate entire cities.
The number, kind, and size of earthquakes that occur in a region during a specific time period is known as its seismic activity. The average rate of seismic energy release per unit volume is what is known as seismicity at a certain region on Earth. Tremors, which are not earthquakes, are also referred to as seismic rumbling.
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Japan's population distribution and reasons for it
• What life is like in an Indian slum and how you can improve it
The population of Japan is spread out very differently. Due to the country's hilly terrain, the population has been forced to congregate in the few plains and lowlands, particularly around the Pacific coast.
The topography, climate, water supply, and soil are just a few of the physical factors that might have an impact on a country's population growth. Rates of female infertility, birth rates, access to healthcare, growing urbanization, immigration and emigration trends, and education.In India, slum inhabitants frequently struggle with issues such a lack of clean water, ongoing slum migration, a lack of sewage or waste disposal facilities, pollution, and unhealthy living conditions. Some of the fundamental characteristics of slum housing are high levels of pollution, a lack of necessities, and crowded living quarters.Thus this is about Japan's population and life in slums.
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what problem might a country located in an arid region face if they store large amounts of water in a reservoir?
A country located in an arid region may face several problems if it stores large amounts of water in a reservoir. One problem is evaporation. If the reservoir is not covered, a significant amount of water may evaporate, especially in hot weather.
Another problem is leakage. If the reservoir is not well-constructed, water may leak out, reducing the amount available for use. Finally, if the reservoir is not regularly maintained, it may become clogged with sediment, reducing its capacity to store water.If a country located in an arid region stores large amounts of water in a reservoir, the water may evaporate quickly due to the hot, dry climate. In addition, the reservoir may become a breeding ground for mosquitoes, which can spread diseases such as malaria.
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I don't want to millions mister by jim garland imagery
What is the equation for the line of reflection
Answer
X=3
Y=3
X=Y
X=6
Answer: X=Y
Explanation: you can flip it and get the reflection through x=y, so you would switch the numbers
What are their plans for the near and far future in regard to travelling to the moon?.
LAUNCH SPACECRAFT
Future plans include for launching the SLS rocket with the crew aboard Orion, which will do two Earth orbits before traveling to the moon.
The Space Launch System (SLS) was launched from Cape Canaveral in Florida at 1:47 a.m. EST on November 16, 2022 (6:47 a.m. GMT). This was the rocket's maiden voyage and the first step in NASA's journey back to the moon. This launch marks the beginning of the Artemis program, hence the mission's designation as Artemis I.
NASA will spend a total of $93 billion on the Artemis program between 2012 and 2025, and each SLS/Orion launch will cost around $4.1 billion.
NASA planned to launch an unmanned spacecraft as part of the Artemis I mission as early as this weekend to orbit the moon and return to Earth around one month later. In 2025, if everything goes according to plan, a future expedition could land astronauts on the moon.
However, a mission to the moon has scientific significance in and of itself. For example, rocks obtained during previous expeditions revealed the moon's origin: It likely formed from debris after an asteroid the size of Mars collided with Earth about four billion years ago.
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which of the following is not true? group of answer choices radiometric dating means placing events in their proper sequence using the law of superposition. the term paleozoic describes the era of ancient life forms. rapid burial and possession of hard parts are necessary conditions for the preservation of plant or animal remains as fossils. the geologic time scale was originally developed by using relative dating.
Using the theories of geologic time scale, we got the geologic time scale was originally developed by using relative dating is not true.
The geologic time scale, or the geological time scale, (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of the Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that actually uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and the geochronology (scientific branch of geology that aims to determine the age of rocks). It is used basically by Earth scientists (including the geologists, the paleontologists, the geophysicists, the geochemists, and the paleoclimatologists) to describe the timing and the relationships of events in geologic history.
Hence, the false statement is the geologic time scale was originally developed by using relative dating.
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5 In England, a law forbid letting a vehicle engine run unnecearily while not moving. What iue i
thi law intended to addre?
A water pollution
B climate change
C air pollution
D dependence on imported oil
Answer:I think C
Explanation:
What is the relationship between tectonic plates, earthquakes, and volcanoes?
There are 7 major tectonic plates. When they move together or slide by each other it creates earthquakes. When they press together they form mountains. Thats how the alps were formed! Just like that if the two tectonic plates that had formed a mountain separate, lava will come out and therefor we call them volcanos , as there is magma under the plates when it comes to the surface it is then called lava.
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what is the approximate maximum temperature range for the formation of metamorphic rocks (in degrees celsius):
200oC is the approximate maximum temperature range for the formation of metamorphic rocks.
How are metamorphic rocks formed ?
Rocks that undergo metamorphosis are created when heat and pressure transform the original or parent rock into a whole new rock. Sedimentary, igneous, or even another metamorphic rock can serve as the parent rock. The Greek root of the term "metamorphic" means "To Change Form."
At subduction zones, the descending rock strata have two effects that lead to metamorphism: first, the shearing of the plates as they pass one another changes the rocks that come into touch with the descending rocks. Because of this friction, some of the rock will melt as it descends. Rock that melts is classified as igneous rather than metamorphic, however rock close to the melting rock may undergo metamorphism due to heat.
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which river in the northern united states floods almost every year due to ice jams and snow melt? select one: a. red river b. mississippi river c. missouri river d. chattahoochee river e. nile river
Answer:
the red river
Why was the design of Brasilia is considered a vision of the future why doesn’t the design work
Answer:
You got this! Determine which equation is false, based on the solution set S:{4}.
3t = 12
3m + 7 = 14
4(4c + 1) = 68
9 = 5p − 11
Explanation:
