Answer:
Correct answer is option D.
Explanation:
As we know when we are doing experiments we have a group or groups where we will be testing our treatment and one that will have the same conditions but without treatment, so we can compare groups, the present case is no exception, the control group is row 2 and the test subject row 1, there is difference between rows, to be sure that the fertilizer has an effect, we could do a statistical test, however, the preliminary results show a difference, so we can say that the correct answer is option D.
each of the following reactions has been reported in the chemical literature. predict the product in each case, showing stereochemistry where appropriate.
(a): This is an elimination reaction. The reaction proceeds in 3 steps; Step 1: Protonation of alcohol, step 2: Loss of leaving group, and step 3: Deprotonation to form an alkene. Elimination (E1) reaction dominates than substitution (SN1) reaction because the formed HSO4- anion is a poor nucleophile and tends not to add to the carbocation intermediate formed. Hence the product formed is I, is trans.
(b) This is a dihydroxylation of the alkenes reaction. A catalytic amount of OsO4 is used along with an oxidizing agent, which oxidizes the reduced osmium(VI) into osmium(VIII) to regenerate the catalyst. The reaction proceeds in 2 steps; Step 1: Cis addition of OsO4 to double bond and form 4 member cyclic osmate ester. Step 2: Hydrolysis of the intermediate to 1.2-diol. Hence the product formed is II, is cis.
(c) This is hydroboration - oxidation reaction. The reaction proceeds through the addition of H- on the more substituted carbon and BH2 on the less substituted carbon of the double bond. The reaction is a syn addition. Hence the product formed is III.
(d) This a reduction reaction where carboxylic acid (-COOH) is reduced to 1o alcohol (-CH2OH). Hence the formed product is IV.
Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, involves the take a look at the relative spatial association of atoms that form the shape of molecules and their manipulation.
The observation of stereochemistry specializes in stereoisomers, which by means of definition have an equal molecular method and series of bonded atoms (constitution), however, differ within the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space. for that reason, it's also referred to as 3-d chemistry three-dimensionality.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
Each of the following reactions has been reported in the chemical literature. Predict the product in each case, showing stereochemistry where appropriate.
this reaction is an oxidation reduction reaction. mg 2hcl ---> mgcl2 h2 what substance is getting oxidized?
[tex]Mg + 2HCl[/tex] -> [tex]MgCl_{2} + H_{2}[/tex]
Redox reactions, also known as oxidation-reduction processes, involve the transfer of electrons from one species to another. The species that loses electrons is oxidized, whereas the species that gets electrons is reduced.Beside that, we can also identify redox reactions by assigning oxidation numbers to atoms in molecules and assuming that all bonds to the atoms are ionic. An increase in oxidation number during a reaction indicates oxidation, while a drop indicates reduction.In this case, Magnesium metal is being oxidized to magnesium cations ([tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex]) and its oxidation number is increasing (from 0 on the reactants' side to +2 on the products' side).to know more about redox reactions, go to:
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During the evaporation process, what separates the liquid component of the solution from the solid component?
During the evaporation process, liquid components separates from the solid components
Evaporation process means the change liquid water to gaseous water called evaporation and during evaporation process the soluble solid can be separated from its liquid component by allowing the liquid component to evaporate either by its own or by heating and also during evaporation the liquid component is lost to the atmosphere and the solid remains behind
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(HELPPP FAST PLEASEE!)
Suppose you made a wave by pinching the coils of a spring together and then letting go. a few seconds later, the springs coils arent as far apart in its compressions or as far apart in its rarefactions. what has happened to the wave, and what type of wave does this model?
This model shows longitudinal waves.
A longitudinal wave is a form of a wave that travels within the direction of the medium, however, a transverse wave is every other sort of wave that travels within the path of the medium. Longitudinal waves are made of compressions and rarefactions, at the same time as transverse waves are the product of crests and troughs.
In a longitudinal wave, the debris is displaced parallel to the course the wave travels. An instance of longitudinal waves is compressions transferring along a slinky. we can make a horizontal longitudinal wave with the aid of pushing and pulling the slinky horizontally.
Longitudinal waves are mechanical waves that require a medium for propagation, transverse waves are non-mechanical waves that do not require a medium for propagation. Longitudinal waves include compressions and rarefactions, whilst transverse waves include crests and troughs.
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6. Which statement describes starches, fats, proteins, and
DNA?
A) They are used to store genetic information.
B) They are complex molecules made from smaller
molecules.
C) They are used to assemble larger inorganic
materials.
D) They are simple molecules used as energy
sources.
The correct answer is (A)
The statement that describes starches, fats , proteins and DNA:
They are used to store genetic information.
Explain about genetic information?The linear sequence of nucleotides in DNA contains genetic information. Each DNA molecule is a double helix composed of two complementary strands of nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds formed by G-C and A-T base pairs.The majority of DNA is found in the cell nucleus (where it is known as nuclear DNA), but a small amount can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or (mtDNA). Mitochondria are cell structures that convert energy from food into a form that cells can use.DNA contains biological information in the form of sequences of four nucleic acid bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G) strung along ribbons of sugar-phosphate molecules in the shape of a double helix.
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what would happen if a grasshopper (primary consumer) was removed from a food web ?
Calculating Energy of a Photon
4. The blue color in some fireworks occurs when copper(I) chloride is heated to approximately 1500 K and emits blue light of wavelengths 4.50 x 10^7 m. How much energy does one photon of this light carry?
Hint: use the relationship between the energy of a photon, Planck's constant, the speed of light, and the wavelength.
5. Calculate the energy possessed by a single photon of the following type of electromagnetic radiation: frequency 5.23 x 10^20 s-1
(4) The energy carried by one photon of light is 4.42 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.
(5) The energy possessed by a single photon with frequency 5.23 x 10^20 s-1 is 3.47 x 10⁻¹³ J.
What is the energy of the photon?The energy of the photon is calculated as follows;
E = hf
E = hc/λ
where;
h is Planck's constantc is speed of lightλ is wavelength of the photonE = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ x 3 x 10⁸) / (4.5 x 10⁻⁷)
E = 4.42 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
The energy possessed by a single photon with frequency 5.23 x 10^20 s-1 is calculated as follows;
E = hf
E = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ x 5.23 x 10²⁰)
E = 3.47 x 10⁻¹³ J
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Which formula contains a metal and a nonmetal?
O MgO
O SO2
O CO
O H₂O
MgO contains metal and non metal. Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal and a Nonmetal.
Why are metals and nonmetals used?Electrical wires, cooking utensils, and other items are made of copper. Typically, zinc is used to coat iron to protect it. Manufacturing of electrical wires, packaging, kitchenware, and other items uses aluminium. Non-metals For example, welding torches and the manufacture of ammonia and methyl alcohol both utilise hydrogen.
Binary compounds are chemical mixtures made up of two unique components. An element is a substance that, when broken down chemically, cannot be further broken down into any simpler compounds. Magnesium oxide, calcium chloride, and sodium fluoride are all chemical elements.
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A mixture of different substances contains pepper, leaves, vinegar, and oil. Which part of this mixture is soluble in water?
A. Leaves
B. Oil
C. Pepper
D. Pepper
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A marble has a mass of 0.230kg and a volume of 0.212L. What is the density of the marble in g/mL? Will
this marble FLOAT or SINK in water? EXPLAIN!
The density of the marble in g/mL is 1.084g/mL. As the density of Marble is 1084kg/m3 that is greater than that of water 1,000 kg/m3, hence it will sink.
Describe density.
Density, or mass per unit volume, is defined as the ratio of mass to volume.
Density is the mass of a material substance per unit Density. Density is defined by the formula Density = M / V, where d stands for Density, M for mass, and V for volume.
It gauges how much "stuff" an object contains in relation to its volume (cubic metre or cubic centimeter). In essence, Density is a measurement of how closely together matter is packed.
Grams per cubic centimetre are a typical unit of measurement for density. For instance, while Earth has a density of 5.51 grammes per cubic centimetre, water has a density of 1 grammes per cubic centimetre.
Water Density = 1,000 kg/m3
Marble density= 0.230kg / 0.212L
= 1.084g/mL
=1084kg/m3
As the density of Marble is 1084kg/m3 that is greater than that of water 1,000 kg/m3, hence it will sink.
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If you have 1.00 mole of each reactant, which will be the limiting reactant?
The reactants are the one to the left side, so they are Cu and HNO₃.
Their coefficients are 3 and 8, so for each 3 Cu that reacts, we will need 8 HNO₃
The Limiting reactant is the one that we have less considering the proportions they will react.
Let's see the two possible cases.
If we have 1 mol of Cu, we need to divide it by its coefficient and multiply it by the coefficient of HNO₃:
HNO₃ --- Cu
8 --- 3
[tex]\begin{gathered} \frac{n_{HNO_3}}{8}=\frac{n_{Cu}}{3} \\ n_{HNO_3}=\frac{8n_{Cu}}{3}=\frac{8\cdot1}{3}mol=\frac{8}{3}mol=2.666\ldots mol \end{gathered}[/tex]This means that we need about 2.7 mol of HNO₃ to react all the 1 mol of Cu we have.
Since we have 1 mol of HNO₃, we don't have enough.
If we make the other way around, we will get the following:
1 mol of HNO₃, so we need:
Cu --- HNO₃
3 --- 8
[tex]\begin{gathered} \frac{n_{Cu}}{3}=\frac{n_{HNO_3}}{8} \\ n_{Cu}=\frac{3n_{HNO_{3}}}{8}=\frac{3\cdot1}{8}mol=0.375mol \end{gathered}[/tex]So, we would need 0.375 mol of Cu to react with all 1 mol of HNO₃ we have, and since we have 1 mol of Cu, this is enough.
So, we have two pos
Which of the following is the most stable isotope?
Isotopes AQ4
A. Polonium-210
B. Uranium-237
C. Francium-227
D. Plutonium-238
The most stable isotope among the the isotopic substance given from above is Plutonium-238.
The correct answer choice is option d.
How is Plutonium-238 the most stable isotope?Isotopy is the existence of a chemical element which result to having the same atomic number but different mass number.
From the given task above, the only isotope which is most stable is the Plutonium-238. This is because this isotope has a half life of alot of years; specifically; about 82,000,000 years.
Another interesting thing of factor which makes Plutonium-238 the most state from above is that Plutonium-238 itself decays into uranium-240 through alpha radiation.
There are three different types of radiation in science, these are as follows:
Alpha decayBeta decayGamma decay.In conclusion, we can now deduced from the above solution that Plutonium-238 is the most stable isotope from above.
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True or False?
Mendeleev organized elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic number.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
because hydrogen is the first element and the atomic mass is 1 and after that the atomic number is kept increase
At 1.00 atm, a sealed weather balloon contains 20.0 L of helium gas at 25 °C. Assume that no he
escapes and the pressure is constant. What is the volume of helium in the weather balloon at 35C
According to Charles' law, with consistent pressure, the volume of an excellent gas gains in direct ratio to the absolute temperature.
At 35°C, the weather balloon holds 20.67 L of helium.
Which is gas law?According to Charles' law, with constant pressure, the volume of an ideal gas increases in direct proportion to the absolute temperature. The relationship between a gas's pressure, volume, and temperature is known as a gas law. According to Boyle's law, which bears Robert Boyle's name, a gas's pressure P and volume V vary inversely at constant temperature, or PV = k, where k is a constant. The behavior of a gas at a constant temperature is described by Charles' law, which was called after J. Boyle's Law. The law, which asserts that the volume of a gas is inversely proportionate to the pressure it exerts at a fixed temperature, was developed by Robert A. Boyle in 1662.[tex]\frac {V_{1}}{T_{1}}[/tex]=[tex]\frac {V_{2}}{T_{2}}[/tex]
[tex]V_{1} = first volumeV_{2} = second volumeT_{1} = first temperatureT_{2} = second temperature[/tex]
[tex]V_{2} =\frac{ V_{1} X T_{2}}{T_{1}}[/tex] temperature are in kelvin. Here's the formula to convert Kelvin to Celsius: ° C = K − 273.15
[tex]V_{2}[/tex] = 20.67 L
The volume of helium in the weather balloon at 35C is 20.67 L.
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if a 348 g sample of water (Cp= 2.06 J/g°C) at 127 °C is cooled to 103 "C, find the change in enthalpy of the system
The change in enthalpy of the system -1.67 x [tex]10^4[/tex] J
Given the data contains,
The mass of the sample is 348g.
The initial temperature is 127 [tex]^oc[/tex].
The final temperature is 103 [tex]^oc[/tex].
The change in temperature is calculated as,
ΔT = T2 - T1
ΔT = 103 - 127 = -24[tex]^oc[/tex]
The change in temperature is -24[tex]^oc[/tex].
The heat content of the system is calculated as,
q = mc ΔTq = 348 x 2.010 x (-24)
q = -1.67 x [tex]10^4[/tex] J
What is temperature ?Temperature, a measure of hotness or coldness, expressed on one of several arbitrary scales, indicating the direction in which thermal energy spontaneously flows—that is, from a hotter body. Temperature does not correspond to the energy of a thermodynamic system; e.g. a burning match is at a much higher temperature than an iceberg, but the total thermal energy of an iceberg is much greater than the energy contained in a volcano.
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Who determined that atoms could break apart into smaller atoms, releasing energy in the process?
Marie Curie
Robert A. Millikan
Albert Einstein
Ernest Rutherford
Ernst Rutherford determined that atoms could break apart into smaller atoms, releasing energy in the process.
In his model of an atom, he determined that an atom can be divided and an atom contains a nucleus in it which contains a positively charged particle called a proton. He discovered proton by the scattering of α particles in his gold foil experiment.
From his gold foil experiment, he concluded that atoms can be split into smaller atoms, and by doing so releases enormous energy during the process.
This was a base for formulating the nuclear fission reactions and research related to that.
Hence, Ernst Rutherford is responsible for the discovery of the nucleus and determined that atoms can be split into smaller atoms.
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dehydration reactions create bonds which link monomer units
Dehydration reactions create covalent bonds which link monomer units.
In organic chemistry, monomers are single-unit compounds that join with other compounds through covalent bonds.
When multiple units of monomers join they form giant molecules called polymers.
In glucose, monomers are joined together through glycosidic linkages and join to form large complex molecules or polymers such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
Similarly, in biochemical reactions, a dehydration reaction occurs between glucose and fructose monomers, where a small water molecule is produced as a byproduct. Sucrose is formed as a result of a dehydration reaction.
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a 2.58 g sample of kno3 was added to 98.57 g of water in a coffee cup calorimeter. the initial temperature of the water was 22.5 °c and the temperature of the solution after mixing was 20.4 °c. on the basis of this experiment, what is the heat of solution per mole of kno3?
The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/goC.
What is specific heat?
The quantity of heat needed to increase the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius. Typically, the units of specific heat are calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius. The specific heat of water, for instance, is 1 calorie (4.186 joules) per gram per degree Celsius.
The total mass of the solution =g of KNO3 + g of water
= (2.58+ 98.57) g
= 101.15 g
Change in temperature =(20.4 – 22.5) degree celcius = -2.1 degree celcius
q = mcΔT= 101.15 g x 4.184 j/goC x -2.1oC= -8 8.74 J
Moles of KNO3= 2.58/101.11= 0.0255 mol
The heat that is being lost by the water is being gained by KNO3 so it is + heat of solution per mole(J)= 888.74 J/0 .0255 mol= 34829.82257 J/mol= + 35 K J/mol
Hence, the heat of solution per mole is kno3 is 35KJ/mol
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The air we breathe can also affect weathering in several ways. Which of the answers provided below is NOT a way that air is considered to contribute to weathering?
Select one:
a.
The ozone in the air will make rock brittle and crack.
b.
Wind will act as an abrasive agent wearing down rock.
c.
Oxygen in the air will act as a chemical agent and oxidize iron in rocks thereby wearing them down.
The ozone in the air will make rock brittle and crack is not considered to contribute to weathering.
Weathering is a process that breaks down or disintegrates the rocks which are present on the surface of our planet. The air we breathe can affect weathering in several ways.
Wind will act as an abrasive agent wearing down rock. The wind when it comes in contact with rocks would carry small particles from the rock along with it. In long run, the rock would disintegrate.
Oxygen in the air will act as a chemical agent and oxidize iron in rocks thereby wearing them down. The rocks with iron in it would react with oxygen in the air and would turn to rust. The process is called oxidation. Rust in rock would weaken them and wear it down.
The ozone in the air would not make rock brittle and crack. It makes rubber brittle by breaking the bonds in rubber polymer.
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How many moles of CO2 are present in 225g?I also need an explanation
Let's see that in the periodic table, we have the molar mass of every element. In this case, carbon has a molar mass of 12 g/mol and oxygen of 16 g/mol. The conversion from grams to moles is dividing the mass by the sum of the molar mass of the compound.
In this case, we have 1 atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen. Doing the algebraic sum for each of them with their molar mass we're going to obtain:
[tex]\text{Molar mass of CO}_2=1\cdot12\frac{g}{mol}+2\cdot16\frac{g\text{ }}{mol}=44\frac{g\text{ }}{mol}[/tex]So, 225 g of carbon dioxide will be:
[tex]225gCO_2\cdot\frac{1molCO_2}{44gCO_2}=5.11molCO_2.[/tex]So, finally, we have 5.11 moles in 225 grams of CO2.
Which of the following atoms in their ground states ae expected to be diamagnetic? Select all that applya) Bab) Sic) Znd) Se
Answer
a) Ba
b) Si
c) Zn
Explanation
The presence of unpaired electrons in an atom orbitals indicates paramagnetic properties. When no unpaired electron is observed in an atom orbitals, such an atom possesses diamagnetic properties.
Therefore, atoms in their ground states that are expected to be diamagnetic in the options are:
a) Ba
b) Si
c) Zn
who dicoverd the electron
Answer:
Joseph John Thomson
Explanation:
Joseph John Thomson is widely recognized as the discoverer of the electron.
Give the number of significant figures indicated. 78
Answer: 2 significant figures
the number 78 has 2 significant figures
Significant figures are the number of digits, starting at the first non-zero digit. A zero after a non-zero number, like anything not zero, which is not a decimal, is not counted as a significant figure. So the first non zero, non decimal is 7 and the next is 8. There are no more numbers after that.
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What type of elements are likely to form ionic bonds and why
Answer:
An ionic bond is formed when a metallic element and a non-metallic element form a compound. Elements form ionic bond to gain more stability.
Rank the following glassware used in lab from least accurate (1) to most accurate (3).
- Beaker
- Graduated cylinder
- Volumetric pipette
These glasswares can be ranked from the least accurate (1) to the most accurate (3) as follows;
Beaker - 1
Graduated cylinder - 2
Volumetric pipette - 3
The beakers are considered to be the least accurate since they are in graduations of 25 or 50 ml. They are also not calibrated during manufacturing.
Graduated cylinders are more precise than beakers since they have permanently marked incremental graduations incorporated in the cylinder hence making them more accurate at reading the volumes of the inside liquids.
Volumetric pipettes are the most accurate as compared to the other two given glassware as they allow the measurement to four significant figures and have an error of a few hundredths of a milliliter.
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Name the weather in which days are shorter, nights are longer and the tilt is away from the sun.
(I don’t know why it’s said like this but help..)
Which are physical changes?
Select all that apply.
O curling hair with rollers
O cutting cheese with knife
O cooking egg whites in skillet
O cleaning stains with bleach
at its boiling point, the vaporization of 0.579 mol ch4 (l) requires 4.76 kj of heat. a. what is the enthalpy of vaporization of methane? b. an electrical heater was immersed in a flask of boiling ethanol (c2h5oh) and 22.45 g of ethanol was vaporized when 21.2 kj of energy was supplied. what is the enthalpy of vaporization of ethanol?
The enthalpy of vaporization of methane is 8.22KJ and enthalpy of vaporization of ethane is 44.25KJ.
We know, the enthalpy of vaporization is defined as the amount of energy required by one mole of compound to get completely evaporated.
a. So, it is given that 0.579 moles of methane takes 4.76 KJ of energy.
So, 1 mole of methane will take 4.76KJ/0.579 energy.
Hence, the enthalpy of vaporization of methane is 8.22 KJ.
b. The amount of energy required to evaporate 22.45 grams of ethane is 21.2 KJ.
We know already,
Moles = mass of substance given/molar mass of substance.
Molar mass of ethane = 46g/mol.
So,
Moles of ethane = 22.45/46
Hence, the energy required to evaporate one mole of ethane = 21.2 ×46/22.45
Energy required = 44.25 KJ.
Hence, the enthalpy of evaporation of ethane is 44.25KJ.
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Which of the following compounds contain an ionic bond?
a. SiC14
b. CsBr
c. FeBr3
d. CH4
Option B is correct. Caesium bromide, also known as cesium bromide, is an ionic compound of caesium and bromine with the formula CsBr.
An ionic bond is formed when a positively charged ion bonds with a negatively charged ion, in which one atom donates electrons to the other. An example of an ionic bond is the chemical molecule sodium chloride. Carbon shares four valence electrons with each hydrogen atom, resulting in a covalent bond. Methane is the chemical compound's name. Carbon cannot transfer its four valence electrons to each hydrogen atom, which is why it is not an ionic bond. Electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions holds ionic solids together.
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Riya is reading a book in her balcony suddenly see observes fire at her neighbours house in their kitchen she Rashid and inform the old lady who is the only one there finding the overturn kerosene can cause the fire really immediately opens the fire extinguisher and put the fire out which values are shown by Riya
Riya is reading a book in her balcony suddenly see observes fire at her neighbors house in their kitchen she Rashid and inform the old lady who is the only one there finding the overturn kerosene can cause the fire really immediately opens the fire extinguisher and put the fire out shows we should always help neighbors.
Riya used fire extinguisher not water because water being heavier than oil settle down at the bottom and oil floats over this water and continues to burn.
The values are shown by Riya is that we should always help neighbors .
Thus, Riya is reading a book in her balcony suddenly see observes fire at her neighbors house in their kitchen she Rushes and inform the old lady who is the only one there finding the overturn kerosene can cause the fire really immediately opens the fire extinguisher and put the fire out shows we should always help neighbors.
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