A translocation between chromosomes 8 and 14 results in an enhancer element in direct control on the c myc gene if the enhancer element leads to over expression this mutation is called intrachromosomal translocation.
The B-cell cancers Burkitt's lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(ALL) are characterised by the reciprocal chromosome translocation, or t(8;14), which involves the heavy chain locus on chromosome 14 and the c-myc oncogene on chromosome 8.
The intrachromosomal translocation connecting one c-myc allele to one of the immunoglobulin genes causes the dysregulation of c-myc gene expression in Burkitt's lymphoma. This physical connection encourages interactions between immunoglobulin and c-myc gene regulatory regions, which have an impact on the commencement and elongation of c-myc transcription.
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Dna can undergo many types of modifications. one of these is methylation. which bases are methylated more often in human dna?
Cytosine base is methylated in DNA methylation.
A biological process called DNA methylation involves the addition of methyl groups to the DNA molecule. Without altering the sequence, methylation can modify the activity of a DNA region. DNA methylation often suppresses gene transcription when it occurs at a gene promoter.DNA methylation is the process of adding a methyl group to DNA, further altering gene function and impacting gene expression.Cytosine and adenine, two of the four bases in DNA, are the bases that can be methylated.The most frequent DNA methylation in humans is the covalent attachment of a methyl group to the fifth carbon of the cytosine ring, producing the product 5-methylcytosine.learn more about DNA methylation here: https://brainly.com/question/6612810
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Question 6
Do you think the results of this experiment would differ if a different person did it? What individual factors
would affect the person's results?
Enter your answer to Question 6 here:
It is very important to know that the results of the experiment would differ if a different person did simply because of error, uncontrollable conditions or variables
The individual factors which would affect the person's results are:
VariablesStressStrainWhat is scientific method?Scientific method involves the process establishing facts through observation, testing and experimentation.
So therefore, it is very important to know that the results of the experiment would differ if a different person did simply because of error, uncontrollable conditions or variables
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Which substance can be found in the bloodstream of a nonsmoker five hours after exposure to environmental tobacco smoke?
Nicotine found in the bloodstream of a nonsmoker five hours after exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
Chewing tobacco and other tobacco products contain the chemical nicotine. The most accurate approach to assess nicotine exposure in smokers and non-smokers exposed to ambient tobacco smoke is to measure cotinine in people's blood.
Within seconds after inhaling nicotine, it reaches the brain. Nicotine enhances the release of neurotransmitters, brain chemicals that help control mood and behavior.
Nicotine is a toxic and very addicting substance. It may result in an increase in heart rate, blood flow to the heart, blood pressure, and artery constriction (vessels that carry blood). In addition to contributing to artery wall hardening, nicotine may also increase the risk of a heart attack.
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The biomedical model focuses on ___________; the biopsychosocial model focuses on _____________
The biomedical model focuses on Microlevel influence on health (chemical imbalances); the bio-psychosocial model focuses on micro and macrolevel effects and their interactions with one another in impacting health and illness.
The biomedical model is centred on the treatment and eradication of symptoms. According to this model, diseases were understood to have physiological etiologies that were detected through specific biochemical markers and were to have ministered through physical interventions.
A person's perspective of their symptoms and how they and their families react to them are the main topics of the bio-psychosocial model, in contrast. The biological, psychological, and social aspects of life all have a role in defining one's health, according to the bio-psychosocial model.
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A woman has observed a bump on her external genitalia that over the course of a few weeks seemed to grow into a small cauliflower-like mass. It is not particularly painful, and she has had no other symptoms. This is likely due to Group of answer choices syphilis. chlamydia. human papillomavirus. herpes simplex virus.
A woman observed a bump on her external genitalia that over the course of a few weeks seemed to grow into a small cauliflower-like mass likely due to human papillomavirus.
What is the human papillomavirus?The human papillomavirus is a viral infection caused by different types of viruses and associated with a sexual mode of transmission.
The human papillomavirus generally causes mid to light infections but it must be properly treated in clinical settings.
In conclusion, a woman observed a bump on her external genitalia that over the course of a few weeks seemed to grow into a small cauliflower-like mass likely due to human papillomavirus.
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Most scientists use scientific methods in which of the following orders?
A. Conduct an experiment, collect the data, and analyze data
B. Conduct an experiment, draw conclusions, and form a hypothesis C. Conduct an experiment, analyze data, and state the question
D. Conduct an experiment, form a hypothesis, and state the question
The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to?
Hi there,
I hope you and your family are staying safe and healthy!
The answer is: Acetyl - CoA
So basically Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down within the cytoplasm of a cell to form pyruvate. Then under aerobic conditions, pyruvate can diffuse into Mitochondria and then convert to Acetyl-CoA as aerobic metabolism continue.
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Happy to help!
~Garebear
The ____________________ explosion is a radiation of animals with hard parts that marks the start of a new eon in geologic time.
The Cambrian explosion is a radiation of animals with hard parts that marks the start of a new eon in geologic time.
What is Cambrian period?
The Cambrian Period is the first geologic period of the Paleozoic Era ("Time of Ancient Life"). This period lasted from 541 million to 485.4 million years ago, more than 55 million years ago, and marked a dramatic burst of evolutionary change in life on Earth, known as the "Cambrian Explosion". Among the animals that evolved during this period were chordates — animals with a dorsal nerve cord; brachiopods with hard bodies that resembled clams; and arthropods—the ancestors of spiders, insects, and crustaceans.
Although there is some scientific debate as to which fossil strata should mark the beginning of this period, the International Commission on Stratigraphy places the lower limit of the period at 541 million years ago, when worms making horizontal burrows first appeared in the fossil record. The end of the Cambrian period is marked by evidence in the fossil record of a mass extinction about 485.4 million years ago. The Cambrian period was followed by the Ordovician period.
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The branch of the Archaic Homo sapiens that was regionally adapted to Siberia and the Tibetan Plateau are called
The branch of the Archaic Homo sapiens that was regionally adapted to Siberia and the Tibetan Plateau are called Denisovans.
Who are Denisovans?Denisovans are very old hominins (tribe) which were present all over Asia during lower and middle Paleolith.These are now extinct species. Their evidence is obtained from physical remains and DNA available from fossils.According to fossil evidences, they are thought to have lived in Siberia, Tibet and Laos.These reached Tibetian Plateau and were well adapted to high altitude.According to DNA evidences, they had dark eyes, hairs, skin and Neanderthal like build and features.They are known to have interbred with modern humans and it is found that the Tibetians inherited high altitude gene from the Denisovans who were extinct soon after mating with the modern humans.Learn more about Denisovans here:
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The way that organisms are
spread out is known as their
A. location
B. dispersion
C. climate
D. community
Answer:
the answer is B. dispersion
What is the largest mass of neuronal cell bodies found within the central nervous system?
Axons up to 1 meter long can be seen inside some nerve cells. The longest cell in the human body is the neuron, which links the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to other areas of the body.
What is the function of neurons in CNS?In both the central and peripheral nervous systems, neurons transmit messages. Their purpose is to transmit chemical and electrical signals to and from the brain.
Information is transmitted via neurons. They interact between various brain areas and between the brain and the residual of the nervous system through with electrical impulses and chemical signals.
The distinctive unit of the neurological system is the neuron. Dendrites, cell bodies, and axons represent the three different constituents of all neurons.
Therefore, neurons are the largest mass of neuronal cell bodies found within the central nervous system.
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Anna read a magazine article about Alaskan ice storms. Anna's friend Sam asked her what the article was about, and she explained the article's main points. What active reading strategy did Anna use?
A. Summarizing
B. Drawing inferences
C. Making predictions
D. Making mental images
You dropped your 24-hour-old mannitol salt agar and macconkey agar plates of staphylococcus aureus. How would you visually be able to tell the difference now?
S.aureus on mannitol salt agar will have a yellow halo (fermentation), whereas the crystal violet on the MacConkey agar would inhibit its growth.
Staphylococcus aureus:About 30% of people have a type of bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus in their noses. Staphylococcus often doesn't hurt anyone, although occasionally it might result in infections. These staphylococcus infections, which can be serious or lethal in healthcare facilities, include:
When bacteria enter the bloodstream, it is called bacteremia or sepsis.Pneumonia is a disease that primarily affects persons with underlying lung conditions, especially those who are using mechanical ventilators.Endocarditis is a heart valve infection that can cause heart failure or stroke.Osteomyelitis is a bone infection that can be brought on by staphylococcus bacteria entering the circulation or by direct contact, such as after trauma (such as a foot puncture wound or IV drug usage).Learn more about staphylococcus here:
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Carrying capacity is:
Select one:
a.
The maximum number of individuals that can fit into an area
b.
The ability of an environment to accommodate a growing population
c.
The greatest number of individuals that an area can sustain over the long term
What are articulations? junctions in the body that connect organ to bone junctions in the body that connect muscle to nervous tissue junctions in the body that connect bone to bone junctions in the body that connect muscle to organ
Junctions in the body that connect bone to bone
A joint, sometimes referred to as an articulation, is where two or more bones come together. The majority of joints only have one articulation. The names of two bones are included in each articulation (or sockets).
What is a Joint or articulation ?Bones are connected through joints, often referred to as articulations. They enable specialised movement while while giving the skeletal system stability.
Histologically, according to the predominant kind of connective tissue, joints can be categorised. i.e., synovial, fibrous, and cartilaginous.Movement, like that of the limbs, and stability, like that of the skull's bones, are both made possible by joints.Learn more about Joint or Articulation here:
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The structure of the cell membrane was discovered in 1895 by _________. finding a similarity to olive oil, he discovers membranes are made of __________.
In 1895, Ernest Overton proposed that cell membranes were made of lipids
According to the lipid bilayer theory, which Gorter and Grendel put forth in 1925, the cell membrane bilayer structure can be described using crystallographic research and observations of soap bubbles.
What is Cell membrane ?All cells have a cell membrane, also known as a plasma membrane, which separates the interior of the cell from the external environment.
A semipermeable lipid bilayer makes up the cell membrane. The movement of materials into and out of the cell is controlled by the cell membrane.Biological membranes serve three main purposes. First, they prevent harmful substances from entering the cell. Second, they have receptors and channels that let certain molecules, like ions, nutrients, wastes, and metabolic products,Third, they divide metabolic processes that are necessary but incompatible that take place within organelles.Learn more about Cell membrane here:
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The succinate dehydrogenase reaction is unusual for a dehydrogenase because it uses ________ as an electron acceptor (oxidizing agent) that is regenerated by ubiquinone
The succinate dehydrogenase reaction is unusual for a dehydrogenase because it uses FAD as an electron acceptor.
What is FAD?Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme linked to various proteins that participates across several metabolic enzyme reactions.
A flavoprotein is a protein that contains a flavin group, which can be FAD or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
Since it uses FAD as an electron acceptor that is regenerated by ubiquinone, the succinate dehydrogenase reaction is peculiar for a dehydrogenase.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Your question seems incomplete, the probable options are:
A) ATPB) NADPC) MalonateD) FADNerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called question 34 options: motor. cranial. efferent. afferent
Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called afferent nerves.
What are afferent nerves?Afferent nerves are the nerves responsible for the transmission of sensory signals from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system which consists of the brain and the spinal cord.Afferent nerves are also known as sensory nerves.Afferent nerves or sensory nerves are responsible for carrying the information of the five senses i.e., touch, taste, smell, vision, and, hearing to the brain.Thus, the nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called afferent nerves.
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________ also known as birds, are now thought to be members of the large theropod family tree.
Dinosaurs also known as birds, are now thought to be members of the large theropod family tree.
Theropods, a group of two-legged dinosaurs that includes the enormous Tyrannosaurus rex and the smaller velociraptors, are the ancestors of modern birds. When compared to most current birds, the theropods that were most closely related to avians were giants, had large snouts, big teeth, and little space in between the ears.
Archaeopteryx, a hybrid animal with feathered wings but dinosaur teeth and a long bony tail, is the only fossil connection between birds and dinosaurs. These animals appeared to have evolved into birds in just 10 million years, a mere flash in evolutionary history, by acquiring feathers, wings, and flight.
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If a linear piece of dna has three sites for a particular restriction enzyme, into how many fragments will that restriction enzyme cut the dna?
If a linear piece of DNA has three sites for a particular restriction enzyme, it will be cut into 4 fragments. If the DNA is circular, the number of obtained fragments will be N for N recognition sequences for the specified restriction enzymes however if the DNA is linear, the number of obtained fragments will be (N+1).
A bacterial protein called the restriction enzyme cleaves DNA at specific locations. The recognition sequences, or short and distinct nucleotide sequences, are recognized by restriction enzymes in DNA. When a DNA sequence is recognized by the restriction enzyme, it hydrolyzes the bond between neighboring nucleotides and cleaves the DNA molecule.
The restriction enzymes guard against bacteriophages on the living bacteria. They identify the bacteriophage and cleave at its restriction sites, destroying its DNA.
The use of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering is crucial. In order to introduce foreign DNA for gene-editing purposes, restriction enzymes cut DNA at a specified location, which makes them a crucial tool.
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The immune system not only fights pathogens; it also fights foreign cells, such as those introduced during tissue transplantation. this type of immune reaction is called?
The immune system not only fights pathogens; it also fights foreign cells, such as those introduced during tissue transplantation. this type of immune reaction is called Graft rejection or transplant rejection .
The immune system of the person who gets an organ after transplant surgery may alert them to the foreign nature of the organ. This occurs when the immune system of the patient notices that the antigens on the organ's cells are "mismatched."
Blood transfusion reactions or transplant rejection can be caused by mismatched or imperfectly matched organs. Doctors match the organ recipient and donor in order to lessen the likelihood of this reaction.
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The immune system not only fights pathogens; it also fights foreign cells, such as those introduced during tissue transplantation. This type of immune reaction is called Transplant or Graft rejection.
Rejection occurs when the recipient’s immune system recognizes the donor tissue as foreign or non-self, thereby, triggering an immune response. The major histocompatibility complex markers MHC I and MHC II which are more specifically known as Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs), play an important role in transplant rejection.
The immune response linked with a transplanted organ consists of both cellular (lymphocyte mediated) and humoral (antibody mediated) mechanisms. Although other cell types are also involved, the T cells are central in the rejection of grafts.
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In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions?.
In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions - -----Acinar cells.
In response to a high fat and protein meal, CCK would be stimulated and in turn would stimulate an enzyme-rich secretion from the pancreas.
What are Acinar cells?
The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. It synthesizes, stores, and secretes digestive enzymes. Under normal physiological conditions, digestive enzymes are activated only once they have reached the duodenum.
What is the function of acinar cells?
Pancreatic acinar cells synthesize and secrete almost all the digestive enzymes active in the lumen of the small intestine which are necessary for nutrient digestion. Both synthesis and secretion are highly regulated over both short and long time frames to insure an appropriate supply of digestive enzymes.
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Where does antidiuretic hormone (adh) exert its effects to promote water reabsorption?
The antidiuretic hormone primarily acts in the kidneys to increase water reabsorption.
What is antidiuretic hormone?It is also called human vasopressin. It is synthesized by special nerve cells present in the hypothalamus. It is then transported to the posterior pituitary gland and from there it is released into the blood.
This hormone acts on the kidneys and the blood vessels. It helps in controlling and maintaining the normal blood pressure of the body. It works by maintaining the fluid volume in the body by keeping a check on the water that is passed out through urine.
This is done by reabsorption of some amount of water from the urine through a designated area in the kidney.
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The sensory receptors, neurons and pathways make up the ________ division of the nervous system
Answer:
afferent division
Explanation:
Receptors, sensory neurons, and sensory pathways make up the afferent division of the nervous system.
Which is a function of the cell structure that is labeled x? it stores lipids. it helps in cell metabolism. it provides support. it transports proteins.
A function of the cell structure that it provides support to labeled x .
What is the function of cell?
They give the body structure, absorb nutrients from meals, turn those nutrients into energy, and perform certain tasks. Additionally, cells have the ability to replicate themselves and contain the body's genetic material. Each component of a cell has a different purpose.What is cell structure and function?
Cell architecture - Individual parts of the cell structure each have a specific purpose that is necessary to carry out life's processes. Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell organelles are some of these elements. Continue reading to learn more about the composition and operation of cells.3 Major Functions of a Cell -
Energy Generation.- Living cells exist in a perpetually active biological state. .Molecular Transport - Each cell is surrounded by a membrane that delineates its boundaries and acts as a gatekeeper, controlling the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. Reproduction.Learn more about cell structure
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Answer: B
Explanation:
It provides support.
Draw and label nucleus, mitochondria, smooth er, rough er, lysosome, nucleolus, ribosome, chloroplast, central vacuole, vesicles, peroxisome, cytoskeleton
Nucleus is the main component of the cell and carries out the vital processes of the cell.
For learning about its structure, a nucleus diagram is quite helpful. Important components of its structure include.One feature of the nucleus that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic ones is the nuclear membrane. Additionally, it has a double-layer structure. It also has phospholipids in it.The nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, or nucleus sap, nuclear matrix, chromatin, and nucleolus are some of the several structures that make up the nucleus. The nuclear membrane, also referred to as the nuclear envelope, creates an envelope-like structure surrounding the nuclear contents.learn more about Nucleus here:
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4.4-1 Anaerobic Respiration
For each of the processes shown below,
Lactic acid fermentation
complete the summaries by filling in the blanks.
• use the empty boxes in the diagrams to indicate the name and number of the molecules produced.
For lactic acid fermentation, the correct options are:
pyruvatehydrogenNADHlactic acidLactic acidpyruvatemitochondriaFor ethanol fermentation, the correct options are:
pyruvateCO₂acetyl CoAacetyl CoAacetaldehydeAcetaldehydehydrogenNADHethanolWhat is a anaerobic respiration?Anaerobic respiration is respiration which occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Oxygen is used as an electron acceptor during respiration. However, when oxygen is absent or insufficient, other molecules are used as electron acceptors in order to produce energy.
Anaerobic respiration in large organisms may result in the formation of lactate known as lactic acid fermentation.
In lactic acid fermentation, after glycolysis, the two pyruvate molecules receive hydrogen atoms from NADH creating lactic acid. Lactic acid can be converted back into pyruvate in the liver. The pyruvate can then enter into the mitochondria and cellular respiration, can proceed.
On the other hand, anaerobic respiration in microorganisms produce ethanol and is known as ethanol fermentation.
After glycolysis, the two pyruvate molecules lose a CO₂ atom, creating acetyl CoA. The acetyl CoA atom combines with hydrogen to form acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde receives a hydrogen atom from NADH, resulting in the production of ethanol.
In conclusion, anaerobic respiration can occur either as a lactate fermentation or ethanol fermentation.
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Which complement pathway involves antibodies despite being part of the innate immune system?
The classical pathway is complement pathway involves antibodies despite being part of the innate immune system.
Complement system represents a major part of the innate immunity. It is a cascade of soluble proteins and membrane expressed receptors and regulators, which operates in plasma, in tissues, on cell surface, and even within the cell.
The classical pathway, which is triggered directly by pathogen or indirectly by antibody binding to the pathogen surface the MB-lectin pathway and the alternative pathway, which also provides an amplification loop for the other two pathways. As part of the innate immune system, complement acts immediately to start the process of removal and resolution of the problem. Complement works with the inflammatory cells of the innate immune system and those of adaptive or acquired immunity.
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What is the term ecologists use for the biological characteristics of a species that influence how quickly a population can potentially increase?
Biological characteristics of a species that influence how quickly a population can potentially increase in number is life-history strategies.
What are life history strategies?The life history of a species gives us an idea of how a species survives and reproduces during its lifetime.This includes factors which affect the fitness of an organism like life span, maturity rate, death rate, parental care.Two types of life history strategies are Semelparous (those that can reproduce only once in their lifetime) and Iteroparous (those that can reproduce multiple times over their lifetime e.g. humans).Life history strategies relate to natural selection, adaptation and fitness of an organism.Factors like the size, number and sex ratio of offspring, time of reproduction, age and size at which an organism matures affect the life history of an organism.Learn about reproductive strategy here:
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The tissue from which all other connective tissue eventually rises is called?
Answer:
Mesenchyme
Explanation:
All other connective tissues eventually arise from mesenchyme
hopefully this helps :)
The tissue from which all other connective tissue eventually rises is called mesenchyme.
Undifferentiated connective tissue includes mesenchyme, also known as mesenchymal connective tissue. Although it may come from other germ layers, such as mesenchyme made from neural crest cells, it is mostly formed from the embryonic mesoderm (ectoderm). Multipotent stem cells called mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located in bone marrow and are crucial for the development and maintenance of skeletal tissues like cartilage, bone, and the fat that makes up bone marrow. While essential to morphogenesis during development, mesenchyme is typically a transitive tissue that is absent from mature animals.Mesenchymal stem cells are an exception; they can be found in trace amounts in bone marrow, lipids, muscles, and the dental pulp of infant teeth.
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