In a collusive agreement where two firms act like a monopoly, the price equation is P = 32 - 2Q, and the marginal cost is MC = 16. The cartel supplies 8 units and incurs a loss of $132.
(a) The cartel will supply a quantity of 8 units (4 units per firm), and consumers will pay a price of $16 per unit.
(b) If the firms decide to split production evenly, each firm will supply 4 units. To determine the profit, we need to calculate the total revenue and total cost. Total revenue is given by price multiplied by quantity, which is (32 - 2(4)) * 4 = $96. Total cost is the sum of the individual costs, which is (16 * 4) + (16 * 4) = $128. Therefore, both firms will incur a loss of $32 each.
(c) If firm B decides to cheat and increase production by one unit, the new quantity supplied by firm B will be 5 units, while firm A will continue to supply 4 units. The new price will be determined by the new quantity, so we have P = 32 - 2(5) = $22. Firm B's profit can be calculated by multiplying the new price by the quantity supplied, which is (22 * 5) = $110.
(d) Firm B has an incentive to cheat because by increasing its production, it can capture additional market share and earn higher profits. In this case, firm B's profit increases from $32 (by sticking to the cartel agreement) to $110 (by cheating and increasing production by one unit).
(e) The cartel is not likely to be stable in the long run. Firm B's incentive to cheat demonstrates a lack of trust and cooperation among the firms. When one firm has an opportunity to increase its profit by deviating from the agreed-upon output, it creates a temptation for others to follow suit. This behaviour can lead to a breakdown of the cartel as firms pursue their self-interests and engage in price competition, ultimately reducing their joint profits.
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Which of the following are likely to have very elastic demand with respect to price? Select the correct answer below: 0 Items that take a large share of an individual's income. O Goods with many substitutes. O Luxury goods. O All of the above. Content attribution
When a slight change in the price of the commodity causes a considerable change in the quantity demanded, it's known as elastic demand.
Elasticity of demand is the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a shift in price. Elasticity of demand can be determined by examining how demand shifts in response to a shift in prices. When there is a large change in demand due to a small shift in price, it is known as elastic demand. It's about how much a customer adjusts their buying patterns when the price of a commodity changes.Thus, the goods with many substitutes are likely to have very elastic demand with respect to price. The greater the number of substitutes accessible, the more elastic the demand will be. Elastic demand occurs in situations where customers can easily substitute one item for another, so if the price of one item rises, demand for the other will rise.Offering a wide range of substitutes will make a consumer more likely to switch away from your product when the price rises, as opposed to simply paying the higher price. This is because a company with a very inelastic demand curve will be able to raise prices without seeing a significant drop in demand, while a company with a very elastic demand curve will be unable to do so. Thus, the correct option is B - Goods with many substitutes.
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Question Three [15 MARKS] a. What is accountability? (1 Mark) b. What is corruption? (1 Mark) c. In one sentence each, outline the three essential elements of Accountability. (3 Marks) d. In five ways, explain how the administrator can be ethical, using the Ross's Prima Facie Duties. (10 Marks)
Accountability refers to the obligation of individuals or organizations to take responsibility for their actions, decisions, and their consequences.
a. Accountability is the concept of being answerable and responsible for one's actions, decisions, and their outcomes. It involves being transparent, providing justifications, and accepting consequences for one's conduct. b. Corruption refers to the misuse of power, typically by individuals in positions of authority, for personal gain or to undermine the fairness, integrity, and effectiveness of systems or institutions. c. The three essential elements of accountability are:
- Answerability: Being able to explain and justify one's actions and decisions. - Responsibility: Acknowledging the duties and obligations associated with a particular role or position. - Enforcement: Having mechanisms in place to ensure compliance and hold individuals or organizations accountable for their actions.
d. An administrator can be ethical by following Ross's Prima Facie Duties, which include: 1. Fidelity: Being faithful to commitments and keeping promises. 2. Reparation: Making amends or compensating for any harm caused. 3. Gratitude: Showing appreciation and acknowledging help or support received. 4. Non-maleficence: Avoiding causing harm or minimizing potential harm to others. 5. Justice: Being fair and impartial in decision-making and treating individuals equitably.
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Lorraine and Peter are evaluating their life insurance needs. Peter makes $3,500 per month after tax, and Lorraine clears $1,200 per week after tax. Lorraine and Peter just had a new baby boy and while Peter already has life insurance, Lorraine does not. With the birth of their new baby, they have just completed a household budget and estimate that they will have total household expenses of $6,200 per month going forward. Lorraine would like to purchase an insurance policy to protect their family in the event of her death. She estimates the money would be needed until her son reaches age 25, at which point she assumes he would be financially independent and Peter would be retired. Using the capital drawdown method, which of the following is the CORRECT amount of life insurance Lorraine should buy? $67,500 $420,000 $810,000 $1,860,000
The capital drawdown method is a technique that determines the amount of insurance that would be required if all the insurance funds were invested, with the interest and capital being used to generate an income for a given period of time.
The capital drawdown method is calculated as: Capital drawdown = required capital / capital factor Capital factor = 1 - (1+r)^-n / r Where r is the expected interest rate and n is the duration of the income stream. To calculate Lorraine's insurance requirements using the capital drawdown method, the first step is to determine the total income required and then calculate the present value of that income stream.
Using the above formula, the capital factor for Lorraine would be calculated as: Capital factor = 1 - (1+0.06)^-25 / 0.06= 12.839Using this factor, the amount of life insurance Lorraine requires would be calculated as: Life insurance = total income required / capital factor Total income required = monthly household expenses x 12 x duration= $6,200 x 12 x 25= $1,860,000Therefore, the CORRECT amount of life insurance Lorraine should buy is $1,860,000.
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How often is unauthorized access to patient data due to employee error?
A. Almost always
B. Sometimes
C. Rarely
D. Never, by legal definition
Unauthorized access to patient data due to employee error can occur, but it is generally considered to be a rare occurrence. Unauthorized access to patient data refers to instances where healthcare employees, intentionally or unintentionally, gain unauthorized access to patient records or disclose confidential information.
While there have been cases where such breaches have occurred due to employee error, they are generally considered to be rare. Healthcare organizations typically implement strict security measures and access controls to prevent unauthorized access to patient data. These measures include employee training, implementing robust authentication protocols, and monitoring systems to detect and prevent unauthorized access. While no system is completely foolproof, the healthcare industry is committed to protecting patient privacy and minimizing the risk of unauthorized access.
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A firm has fixed operating costs of $19495, a sale price per unit of $32, a variable cost per unit of $10, and interest expense of $1012. At a base sales level of 10657 units, the firm's degree of operating leverage is_____(2 marks)
The firm's degree of operating leverage is approximately 0.0686.To calculate the degree of operating leverage (DOL), we can use the formula:
DOL = Contribution Margin / Operating Income
First, let's calculate the contribution margin:
Contribution Margin = Sale Price per unit - Variable Cost per unit
Contribution Margin = $32 - $10
Contribution Margin = $22
Next, let's calculate the operating income:
Operating Income = Total Revenue - Total Costs
Operating Income = (Sale Price per unit * Base sales level) - (Variable Cost per unit * Base sales level + Fixed Operating Costs + Interest Expense)
Operating Income = ($32 * 10,657) - ($10 * 10,657 + $19,495 + $1,012)
Now, let's calculate the DOL:
DOL = Contribution Margin / Operating Income
DOL = $22 / Operating Income
By plugging in the values, we can find the DOL:
DOL = $22 / Operating Income
Please provide the value for Operating Income to calculate the exact DOL.
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Which of the following will make monetary policy more effective in changing nominal GDP?
a. a fixed velocity of money
b. a flat investment demand curve
c. a high marginal propensity to save
d. a money demand curve that is very flat
e. an aggregate expenditure curve that is very flat
The factor are which make monetary policy more effective option is e. An aggregate expenditure curve that is very flat.
What factor will make monetary policy more effective in changing nominal GDP?The effectiveness of monetary policy in changing nominal GDP depends on the responsiveness of aggregate expenditure to changes in interest rates and money supply.
When the aggregate expenditure curve is very flat, it means that a small change in interest rates or money supply will have a large impact on overall spending and, consequently, on nominal GDP.
This indicates that monetary policy can be highly effective in stimulating or restraining economic activity.
On the other hand, options a, b, c, and d do not directly affect the responsiveness of aggregate expenditure to monetary policy actions and, therefore, do not necessarily make monetary policy more effective in changing nominal GDP.
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The founder of a company must start from scratch and make several critical decisions including ___________. A)choosing the product(s) to sell. B)choosing the best strategy for selling them. C)raising the money necessary to develop the product(s). D)All of the above.
The founder of a company must start from scratch and make several critical decisions, including D) All of the above.
Starting a company requires the founder to make various important decisions that lay the foundation for the business. These decisions encompass choosing the product(s) to sell, selecting the best strategy for selling them, and raising the necessary funds to develop the product(s).
Choosing the product(s) to sell involves identifying a market need or opportunity and determining the goods or services that will fulfill that need or capitalize on the opportunity. This decision involves market research, understanding customer preferences, and assessing the competitive landscape.
Selecting the best strategy for selling the products involves determining the marketing approach, distribution channels, pricing strategies, and sales tactics that will effectively reach and attract customers.
Raising the money necessary to develop the product(s) involves securing funding through various means, such as personal investment, loans, venture capital, or crowdfunding. This decision is crucial to acquire the resources and capabilities needed to bring the product(s) to market.
All of these decisions are critical for the founder to establish a viable business and set it on a path to success.
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List these in order of size, with the biggest being on top and smallest at bottom: (Moon, Solar System, Universe, Planet, Galaxy, Sun). 1. Universe 2. Galaxy 3. Solar System 4. 5. 6. (biggest) (smallest) (I'll manually check for typos) What is a light-year? O The power needed to keep all the lights on Earth turned on for a year O The distance light travels in 1 year O The amount of time it takes light to go from the Sun to the Earth O The length of 1 year on Earth O A toy with the first name Woody that comes alive when people aren't looking A parsec is OSmellier than Equal to OSmaller than Larger than an astronomical unit (AU). O Incomparable to D Question 4 What is a constellation? Similar types of stars across the entire sky O A group of stars that orbit each other An apparent collection of stars in the sky that form a pattern A star and the planets that revolve around t An energy company headquartered in Texas 2 pts
An apparent collection of stars in the sky that form a pattern.
1. Universe, 2. Galaxy, 3. Solar System, 4. Planet, 5. Moon, 6. Sun. Light year is defined as the distance light travels in 1 year. This unit of measurement is used in space to define distances. This distance is equivalent to approximately 9.461 x 10^12 kilometers. Hence the correct answer is option B.A parsec is a unit of measurement that is used in astronomy to define distance. This unit is used to define the distance of objects that are extremely far from Earth. One parsec is equivalent to 3.26 light-years. Hence the correct answer is "larger than an astronomical unit (AU)".A constellation is an apparent collection of stars in the sky that forms a pattern. These stars seem to be present close to each other and they form different shapes in the sky. These shapes are referred to as constellations. Hence the correct answer is "An apparent collection of stars in the sky that form a pattern".
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Roxette corporation is offering a 30 year fully amortising home loan at a nominal interest rate of 4.5% pa. quarterly. If you can afford to make quarterly payments of $3.200, how much will the loan be worth in 30 years time? round your answer to two decimal places.
a). $804,539.83
b). $922,530.75
c). $611,542.09
d). $887,150.90
e). $778,601.29
To calculate the loan amount, we can use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity:
FV = P * ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r
Where:
FV = Future value of the loan
P = Quarterly payment amount
r = Nominal interest rate per quarter
n = Number of quarters (30 years * 4 quarters per year = 120 quarters)
Plugging in the given values:
FV = $3,200 * ((1 + 0.045/4)^120 - 1) / (0.045/4)
FV ≈ $804,539.83 (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, option a) $804,539.83 is the correct answer.
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Which of the following characteristics would be an indicator that a company would benefit from switching to activity based costing O Only one homogenous product is produced on a continuous basis O The existing cost system is reliable and predictable O Overhead costs are high and increasing with no apparent reason The costs of implementing ABC outweigh the benefits oving to the next question prevents changes to this answer.
The correct answer is: "Overhead costs are high and increasing with no apparent reason."
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing method that assigns costs based on the activities and resources consumed by each product or service. It is particularly useful when overhead costs are high and there is a need for more accurate cost allocation.
Switching to ABC can provide more detailed insights into the cost drivers and activities that consume resources, allowing for better cost management and decision-making. By identifying and allocating costs based on activities, ABC can provide a more accurate picture of the actual costs associated with producing products or delivering services.
If a company's overhead costs are high and increasing without a clear reason or understanding of which activities are driving those costs, implementing ABC can help identify the specific activities that contribute to the overhead costs. This information can then be used to better control and reduce costs.
The other options are not indicative of a need for switching to ABC. Producing a single homogeneous product continuously does not necessarily require the use of ABC, as traditional costing methods may be sufficient. The reliability and predictability of the existing cost system suggest that it may not be necessary to switch to ABC. If the costs of implementing ABC outweigh the benefits, it would not be beneficial for the company to adopt ABC. Therefore, the option "Overhead costs are high and increasing with no apparent reason" is the most relevant indicator that a company would benefit from switching to activity-based costing.
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What are the issues the company
will face if it suffers a devastating fire and will be unable to
produce products for the next 18 months. What is the action plan
that will minimize the impact on the c
If a company suffers a devastating fire and cannot produce goods for the next 18 months, it is likely to face a variety of issues, including loss of revenue and market share, as well as potential legal and regulatory consequences.
An action plan can be developed to reduce the impact on the company by taking specific steps.
Here are the issues the company will face if it suffers a devastating fire:
Loss of revenue: The inability to produce products for 18 months will result in a significant loss of revenue for the company. This may cause the company to lose its market position and profitability, which can lead to bankruptcy.
Legal and regulatory consequences: The fire and its aftermath may have legal and regulatory implications. The company may face legal claims from its employees, shareholders, and other stakeholders. Additionally, regulatory bodies overseeing workplace safety and environmental standards may impose fines and penalties.
Loss of market share: The company may lose its market share and brand value due to the fire. Customers may lose faith in the company and its products, leading them to switch to more reliable competitors.
The following steps can be taken to minimize the impact on the company:
Implement a business continuity plan: Develop a business continuity plan (BCP) that outlines steps to cope with the effects of the fire. The BCP should include a contingency plan for product distribution and identify alternate production sites or partners.
Regular testing and review of the plan is essential to ensure its effectiveness.
Rebuild the company's reputation: After the fire, the company needs to rebuild its reputation. It should take measures to reassure customers, employees, and other stakeholders that it is actively addressing the situation and implementing measures to prevent future incidents. Compensation may be offered to those who suffered due to the fire.
Collaborate with stakeholders: The company should collaborate with its stakeholders to address the issues arising from the fire. This includes working closely with employees, suppliers, and regulatory bodies to resolve legal and regulatory implications.
The company may also consider strategic partnerships with other companies to meet its production needs during the recovery period.
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SU me left 0:47:30 Use the following table to answer the question about taxes, where P = Price buyers pay, P, Price: sellers receive, and Q = equilibrium quantity. Table No Tax With Tax $15.00 $14 $14 $13.00 4200 3700 How much is the tax and how much revenue is generated from the tax? Hint: Use the data to draw the graphs and find the slopes. a. $1; $3,700 Ob. $2:$7.400 $2,51,000 Od. $1:$500 a ad My Courses Д
The tax is $1 and the revenue generated from the tax is $3,700. This suggests that taxes can impact market outcomes by affecting prices and quantities exchanged between buyers and sellers.
To determine the tax and revenue generated, we need to analyze the data in the table and observe the changes in price and quantity when the tax is imposed.
In the "No Tax" scenario, the equilibrium price is $15.00, and the equilibrium quantity is 4,200. This means that at this price, buyers are willing to purchase 4,200 units and sellers are willing to sell the same amount.
In the "With Tax" scenario, the equilibrium price decreases to $14.00, and the equilibrium quantity decreases to 3,700. This suggests that the tax has impacted the market by reducing both the price buyers are willing to pay and the price sellers receive.
To find the tax amount, we calculate the difference between the price buyers pay (P) and the price sellers receive (P). From the table, we see that the difference is $1.00 ($15.00 - $14.00). Therefore, the tax is $1.00.
To determine the revenue generated from the tax, we multiply the tax amount ($1.00) by the quantity sold at the new equilibrium quantity. Thus, the revenue generated is $3,700 ($1.00 * 3,700).
In this scenario, a $1.00 tax is imposed, resulting in a decrease in the equilibrium price and quantity. The tax generates $3,700 in revenue. This suggests that taxes can impact market outcomes by affecting prices and quantities exchanged between buyers and sellers.
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some "trends to watch" in understanding the risk interdependencies include:
Some of the trends to watch in understanding risk interdependencies are increasing interdependence among risks, the influence of systemic factors, and the significance of culture.
Explanation:Interdependence between risks: Risks are becoming increasingly interconnected. One danger may have an impact on the potential for another hazard or risks, making it difficult to manage and mitigate hazards.Systemic factors: In addition, system-wide issues may exacerbate these risks, resulting in a dangerous and unpredictable environment that requires new risk assessment methods.Culture: There is a growing recognition of the significance of corporate culture in risk management. A positive risk culture may aid in the implementation of risk management policies by improving risk identification, analysis, and response.It is recommended that organizations that employ a comprehensive and integrated risk management approach to cope with these emerging risk trends.
There are a few major trends to be aware of as we understand risk interdependencies. The interdependence among risks is increasing, making it more challenging to manage and mitigate risks. One risk can have a direct impact on another risk or potential hazard, creating a domino effect that complicates the situation. System-wide problems may also exacerbate these risks, leading to an uncertain and dangerous environment that necessitates new risk assessment methods. Finally, it has become clear that corporate culture plays a vital role in risk management. A positive risk culture may help identify, analyze, and respond to risks, improving risk management policies. Companies should implement a comprehensive and integrated risk management approach to tackle these emerging risk trends.
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Describe two actions you would take starting today: one to improve the appeal of resume and; two, to improve profile as an HR candidate. Summarize these changes so each action is SMART (S=specific, M=measurable, A=achievable, R=realistic, T=time oriented).
To improve the appeal of the resume, the two actions that one would take starting today are: One is to tailor the resume to fit the specific job position and; Two, to highlight achievements that demonstrate the candidate's competencies.
What is SMART ?Summarize these changes so each action is SMART as follows:
S- Specific: Tailor the resume to match the specific job requirements.
M- Measurable: Incorporate the significant achievements and quantifiable results from previous work experiences.
A- Achievable: Create a resume that is realistic to the job being applied for.
R- Realistic: The candidate should identify and describe their skills, experiences, and career goals.
T- Time-bound: Submit the job application and resume by a specified date.
For improving the profile as an HR candidate, the two actions that one would take starting today are: One, to identify and network with other professionals in the industry and; Two, to continue education and training in the field.
Summarize these changes so each action is SMART:S- Specific:Joining HR industry associations to network and building relationships with professionals in the industry.
M- Measurable: Attending and participating in industry conferences and workshops to increase knowledge.
A- Achievable: Completing online courses or training programs for further career advancement.
R- Realistic: One should have a good understanding of their career aspirations and work towards it.
T- Time-bound: Schedule time for attending webinars, conferences, and other training sessions to improve knowledge and skills.
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Mutt asks Jeff to remodel Mutt’s kitchen for $10,000. The actual value of the job is $8,000. Jeff makes a mistake and goes to Mike’s house next door and begins remodeling his kitchen. Mike watches Jeff do the remodeling, but says nothing to stop him. When Jeff finishes, Jeff asks Mutt for payment, but Mutt refuses saying that the job never got done. When Jeff asks Mike for payment, Mike refuses saying that he never asked Jeff to perform the remodeling. Jeff sues both Mutt and Mike. How should the court rule with regard to Jeff's claim against Mutt; and how should the court rule with regard to Jeff's claim against Mike? Explain your answers. If you conclude that Jeff is entitled to recover some amount from either Mutt or Mike, make sure you state how much Jeff is entitled to recover.
The court should rule in favor of Jeff against Mutt because there was a valid contract between Mutt and Jeff. Mutt had asked Jeff to remodel his kitchen, and Jeff had agreed to do so for a fee of 10,000. Jeff had completed the work as agreed upon.
Mutt's refusal to pay Jeff for his services rendered constitutes a breach of contract. Mike, on the other hand, did not enter into any contract with Jeff. Jeff mistakenly remodeled Mike's kitchen without his knowledge or consent. Mike did not ask Jeff to do any remodeling work, nor did he pay him anything.
Jeff cannot sue Mike for any payment. Jeff has no legal recourse against Mike. Jeff should be entitled to recover 10,000 from Mutt for the breach of contract. The contract was for 10,000, which Mutt agreed to pay Jeff. However, Jeff could only recover the difference between the contract price (10,000) and the actual value of the work (8,000), which is 2,000. Therefore, Jeff would be entitled to recover 2,000 from Mutt.
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Consider a bond which has a face value of $2,000, a coupon of $50, and is known to have a yield to maturity of 8%. Suppose that the bond matures in five years. What is the present value of the bond? O $199.63 O $1,526.77 O $1,560.80 O $373.85
Option b: the present value of the bond based on the information provided through the calculation is $1,526.77
The present value of the bond can be calculated using the present value formula.
The formula for present value is given as:
P = C/ (1 + r) nHere,P represents the present value of the bond.
C represents the coupon amount.
r represents the yield to maturity (in decimal).
n represents the number of years until maturity. T
he calculation is as follows:
Given,
Face value of the bond = $2,000
Coupon of the bond = $50
Yield to maturity = 8%
Time to maturity = 5 years
The coupon payments will be received for 5 years, which means that the bond has 5 payments left. The first payment will be received at the end of the first year, and the last payment will be received at the maturity. The bond price is the present value of all these payments.
Now, the bond price is calculated as follows
:P = $50/ (1 + 0.08)1 + $50/ (1 + 0.08)2 + $50/ (1 + 0.08)3 + $50/ (1 + 0.08)4 + $2,050/ (1 + 0.08)5
Using a financial calculator or Excel, this equation can be solved to obtain:P = $1,526.77
Therefore, the present value of the bond is $1,526.77. Hence, the correct option is O $1,526.77.
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How citizen engagement in budgeting might be different, depending on if it is a local, state, or federal budget.
Citizen engagement in budgeting differs depending on whether it is a local, state, or federal budget. This is due to differences in the budget processes, the scale of the budget, and the potential impact of the budget on citizens.
Local budgets usually have smaller scales than state and federal budgets. As a result, citizen engagement in local budgeting is often more accessible than in the other two cases. Due to the small scale of local budgets, citizens are more likely to have direct contact with their representatives and may even be able to attend public meetings and hearings to voice their opinions. In addition, local budgets may include items that have a direct impact on citizens' daily lives, such as local parks and libraries, so citizens are more likely to engage with the budget to ensure that their needs and interests are met.
State budgets cover larger areas than local budgets, which can make them more difficult to engage with. However, because state budgets are more complex, there may be more opportunities for citizens to engage in the budgeting process. This may include public hearings, legislative meetings, and online tools to provide feedback to representatives.
Federal budgets are the largest and most complex of the three, making it difficult for citizens to engage with the process directly. However, there are still ways for citizens to be involved in the budgeting process. Citizens can contact their representatives to express their views, attend public hearings, and participate in advocacy campaigns that focus on specific issues. The level of citizen engagement in budgeting varies depending on the budget's size, complexity, and impact on citizens' daily lives. Therefore, it is essential to understand these factors and take them into account when designing a citizen engagement strategy.
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Time lett Question 3 Not yet answered Freddy runs a business selling clocks. He buys 894 clocks for $44 each (including GST) and sells for $77 each in GST). He is registered for GST credits. How much should he remit to the ATO once all the clocks are sold? Marked out of 2 P Flag question Answer: evious page ACC301 TAX LAW T1 2022 Jump to... Library's Online
Freddy is running a business selling clocks. He has purchased 894 clocks for $44 each (including GST) and has sold for $77 each (including GST). He is also registered for GST credits. Calculate how much money he should remit to the ATO once all the clocks are sold.
The first thing that needs to be calculated is the cost of each clock excluding GST:GST-inclusive price = $44Therefore, the GST-exclusive price = 44 / 1.1 = $40 (rounded to the nearest dollar).Thus, the cost of 894 clocks (excluding GST) = 40 x 894 = $35,760.Next, we'll calculate the revenue from selling 894 clocks at $77 per clock:Revenue (including GST) per clock = $77Therefore, the revenue (excluding GST) per clock = 77 / 1.1 = $70 (rounded to the nearest dollar).Therefore, the total revenue from 894 clocks is 70 x 894 = $62,580.Now we can determine Freddy's GST payable to the ATO:
Output tax payable to ATO = 1/11 x GST-inclusive sales(1/11) x 62,580 = 5680There's one final calculation to be done: Freddy's GST credit.GST credit = 1/11 x GST-inclusive cost of goods sold(1/11) x 35,760 = 3240Finally, Freddy's net GST payable to the ATO would be the difference between his output tax payable and GST credit.5680 - 3240 = $2440.Thus, Freddy should remit $2440 to the ATO once all the clocks are sold.Answer: Freddy should remit $2440 to the ATO once all the clocks are sold.
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answer sheets)
Steven Ltd (Lessor) and Shane Ltd (Lessee) enter into a lease agreement for a vehicle on 30 June 2020. Details of the lease agreement are as follows: Lease term 3 years $36,500 Annual Rental Payment i
In the given scenario, the lease term is 3 years, annual rental payment is $36,500.Therefore, the total lease payment made by Shane Ltd over 3 years will be:3 × $36,500 = $109,500
And, the lease liability will be calculated as the present value of the lease payment discounted at the interest rate of 10%.
Using the annuity due present value formula, we get:
$109,500 × (1 − (1 + 0.10)-3)/0.10
= $273,241.60
Now, the lease liability will be distributed over 3 years as follows:
Year 1: $273,241.60 × (1 + 0.10) -1
= $32,210
Year 2: $273,241.60 × (1 + 0.10) -2
= $50,216.61
Year 3: $273,241.60 × (1 + 0.10) -3
= $74,073.34
Therefore, the entries to be recorded by Steven Ltd (Lessor) and Shane Ltd (Lessee) in their respective books are as follows:Steven Ltd (Lessor) books:Year 1 30 Jun 2020Rent Receivable A/C $36,500Lease Liability A/C $32,210Interest Income A/C $4,290(To record the lease agreement)Shane Ltd (Lessee) books:Year 1 30 Jun 2020Lease Asset A/C $32,210Lease Liability A/C $32,210(To record the lease agreement)
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Discuss the ways in which these challenges must be addressed simultaneously if a high performing organisational structure is to be created with examples. Discuss the ways in which these challenges must be addressed simultaneously if a high performing organisational structure is to be created with examples. Discuss the ways in which these challenges must be addressed simultaneously if a high performing organisational structure is to be created with examples.
In order to create a high-performing organizational structure, certain challenges must be addressed simultaneously. These challenges include developing a sound organizational culture, ensuring effective communication, and building strong teams.
The following ways must be considered to address challenges simultaneously if a high performing organizational structure is to be created:
1. Building a sound organizational culture
Building a sound organizational culture is the most important factor for an organization. A strong organizational culture can help to develop employees, improve performance, and develop the organization. The culture of the organization can be changed by introducing new processes, values, or beliefs in the organization.
2. Effective communication
Effective communication is a key factor that contributes to a high-performing organizational structure. Effective communication ensures that everyone is on the same page and that goals and objectives are communicated clearly. It is important to maintain open communication channels and ensure that employees feel valued and heard.
3. Building Strong Teams
Building strong teams is another important factor for creating a high-performing organizational structure. Strong teams are built on the foundation of trust, collaboration, and mutual respect. They are able to work together to achieve common goals, and they are able to hold each other accountable for their actions.
Examples:
There are numerous examples of organizations that have successfully addressed these challenges simultaneously to create a high-performing organizational structure. For example, the US Navy SEALs are an elite fighting force that is renowned for its high-performing organizational structure. They have a strong organizational culture that is based on teamwork, discipline, and resilience. They also communicate effectively, ensuring that everyone is on the same page. Additionally, they build strong teams by training together and developing strong bonds.
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Relative to negotiations, explain and discuss the third party
approach in using arbitration.
The third-party approach to arbitration has some drawbacks is the answer. Arbitration is a popular method of dispute resolution where a third party acts as a neutral mediator to resolve disputes between two or more parties.
In this process, a third party (the arbitrator) makes decisions based on the evidence presented by both parties involved in the dispute. Arbitration is considered to be an important tool for resolving disputes because it offers an alternative to the courts, which are often overburdened and expensive. In addition, arbitration proceedings are private, which means that the public is not privy to the details of the dispute.
One of the main advantages of arbitration is that it can help to avoid costly litigation. Unlike litigation, where a judge has the final say, arbitration is designed to be a more flexible and informal process. The arbitrator's decision is usually final and binding, and the parties are bound to accept the arbitrator's decision. However, the third-party approach to arbitration has some drawbacks. For example, there is no guarantee that the arbitrator will be impartial, and the parties may not have an equal say in the outcome of the dispute. This can lead to an unfair outcome, which can be difficult to appeal.
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During the year, Jack's Bakery incurred $4 000 in fixed costs and $14 000 in variable costs. There's a pandemic and Jack is concerned about future sales and so Jack asked you to explain what would happen to its fixed and variable costs if the number of cakes produced next year is halved. Please provide Jack with specific amounts for fixed and variable costs. 3--Tatiane sells hand-knitted scarves for $35 each. Tatiane spends $50 each day to lease vending space. Tatiane's variable costs are $15 per scarf. How many scarves should Tatiane plan to sell each day to breakeven? (Please round your answer up to the nearest whole scarf.)
1. During the year, Jack's Bakery incurred $4 000 in fixed costs and $14 000 in variable costs. There's a pandemic and Jack is concerned about future sales and so Jack asked you to explain what would happen to its fixed and variable costs if the number of cakes produced next year is halved
. Please provide Jack with specific amounts for fixed and variable costs.Jack's Bakery has incurred fixed and variable costs of $4,000 and $14,000 respectively during the year. If the number of cakes produced next year is halved, the fixed costs will remain unchanged since they are fixed regardless of the number of cakes produced.However, the variable costs will be halved. Therefore, the bakery's fixed costs would remain $4,000, and the variable costs would be $7,000. (14,000 / 2 = 7,000).2. Tatiane sells hand-knitted scarves for $35 each. Tatiane spends $50 each day to lease vending space. Tatiane's variable costs are $15 per scarf. How many scarves should Tatiane plan to sell each day to break even? (Please round your answer up to the nearest whole scarf.)The breakeven point is the number of scarves that must be sold to equal the fixed cost and variable cost. The cost per scarf includes a variable cost of $15 and a fixed cost of $50, resulting in a total cost of $65. Therefore, Tatiane should sell 3 scarves per day to break even. ($50 ÷ ($35 - $15) = 3)
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Market demand is given as QD = 150 - P. Market supply is given as QS = 4P. In a perfectly competitive equilibrium, what will be the value of consumer surplus? O a. $9216 O b. $7200 O C. $1800 O d. $23
In a perfectly competitive equilibrium, the value of consumer surplus will be $1800.
Consumer surplus represents the difference between the maximum price a consumer is willing to pay for a good or service and the actual price they pay in the market. In a perfectly competitive market, the equilibrium occurs where the quantity demanded (QD) equals the quantity supplied (QS). To find the equilibrium price, we can set QD equal to QS:
QD = QS
150 - P = 4P
Solving for P, we find P = 30. Substituting this value back into the demand equation, we can calculate the equilibrium quantity:
QD = 150 - P
QD = 150 - 30
QD = 120
To calculate consumer surplus, we need to find the area below the demand curve and above the equilibrium price. In this case, the area is a triangle with base 120 and height 30, resulting in a consumer surplus of (1/2) * 120 * 30 = $1800.
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Question 6 Not yet answered Marked out of 3.00 Flag question In economics, scarcity is not the same as shortage. Explain why this is so.
The difference between scarcity and shortage is an essential concept in economics. Scarcity refers to the limited supply of a resource that is insufficient to satisfy the wants and needs of all the people who need or want it. A shortage,
On the other hand, is a situation where demand exceeds supply at a given price. Thus, the two concepts are distinct, and one does not necessarily lead to the other. Scarcity and shortage may sound like the same concepts, but they are different. In economics, scarcity refers to the limited supply of a resource that is not sufficient to meet all the demands for that resource. Scarcity exists because there are finite resources and unlimited wants. Therefore, scarcity is always present. On the other hand, a shortage is a situation where the demand for a particular good or service exceeds the supply of that good or service at the prevailing market price. A shortage is a temporary phenomenon that can be caused by many factors, including a sudden increase in demand, a decrease in supply, or the introduction of new regulations.
In conclusion, the key difference between scarcity and shortage is that scarcity is a fundamental economic concept that is always present, while a shortage is a temporary phenomenon that occurs when demand exceeds supply at a given price. Scarcity means that there are limited resources available to meet unlimited wants, while a shortage means that there is not enough of a particular good or service to go around at the current market price.
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In Macroland currency to deposit ratio is equal to cr=0.5 and reserve to deposit ration is determined by the central bank as 77 = 0.4. We know that initially the money supply is equal to M = 150, and the government decides to print an additional 30 units of currency to pay its debts. Finally, we know that the real GDP in this economy grows by 20 percent each year. Using this information, calculate the inflation caused by this monetary expansion.
The inflation caused by this monetary expansion is 44%. The solution to the problem is obtained by calculating the initial and final velocity of money, the quantity of money supply after the expansion, and using the equation of exchange.
Given values:
Cr = 0.5
Rd = 0.4
M = 150
dM = 30
g = 20%
1. We start by calculating the initial velocity of money, V1:
MV1 = PY1
Y1 = 1
V1 = PY1/M = 1 × 1/150 = 1/150
2. Next, we calculate the final velocity of money, V2:
Y2 = (1 + g)Y1 = 1.2 × 1 = 1.2
M2 = M + dM = 150 + 30 = 180
MV2 = P2Y2
180V2 = P2(1.2)
V2 = P2(1.2)/180
3. We calculate the quantity of money supply after the monetary expansion using the money multiplier:
dM = R × D
dM = R × (1/Cr) × M
dM = 0.4 × (1/0.5) × 150
dM = 120
Total money supply after the monetary expansion = M + dM = 150 + 120 = 270
4. Substituting the values of M, V, and Y in the equation of exchange, we get:
270V2 = P2(1.2)(Y1)
5. Solving equation (4) using the formula for V2:
150V2 = (P2)(1.2)
V2 = (1.2P2)/150
6. Substituting the value of V2 in equation (3):
P2 = (270/150)(1.2P2)/(1.2P2) = 1.44P1
7. Finally, we calculate the inflation using the formula:
Inflation = [(P2 - P1)/P1] × 100
Inflation = [(1.44 - 1)/1] × 100
Inflation = 44%
Therefore, the inflation caused by this monetary expansion is 44%. The solution to the problem is obtained by calculating the initial and final velocity of money, the quantity of money supply after the expansion, and using the equation of exchange. The given values and formulas are used to determine the inflation rate resulting from the monetary expansion.
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QUESTION 3 All of the following statements are correct about controllable costs except all costs are controllable at some level of responsibility within a company. all costs are controllable by top management. fewer costs are controllable as one moves up to each higher level of managerial responsibility. costs incurred directly by a level of responsibility are controllable at that level. QUESTION 13 A distinguishing characteristic of an investment center is that revenues are generated by selling and buying stocks and bonds. interest revenue is the major source of revenues. the profitability of the center is related to the funds invested in the center. O it is a responsibility center which only generates revenues.
Answer to QUESTION 3The correct statement is "all costs are controllable by top management"
Answer to QUESTION 13A distinguishing characteristic of an investment center is that the profitability of the center is related to the funds invested in the center
.Explanation: Controllable cost is a cost that can be changed in the short term through management decisions. These costs can be reduced or eliminated without affecting the basic nature of the product or service.All of the following statements are correct about controllable costs except all costs are controllable by top management. This statement is incorrect. A certain number of costs may be beyond the control of management, such as the costs of raw materials, salaries, rent, and taxes, which can all increase or decrease without managerial control.Fewer costs are controllable as one moves up to each higher level of managerial responsibility. This statement is correct. Lower-level managers have greater control over the costs for which they are responsible than do top managers. Top managers have little control over the uncontrollable expenses and must concentrate on the controllable ones, while lower-level managers are more involved in production and can exert greater control.Costs incurred directly by a level of responsibility are controllable at that level. This statement is correct. A manager has direct responsibility for the cost under his or her control, and the manager is held accountable for it.Answer to QUESTION 13A distinguishing characteristic of an investment center is that the profitability of the center is related to the funds invested in the center.Explanation:Investment center is one of the four types of responsibility centers that is responsible for generating revenues and controlling costs, as well as managing the assets invested in it. The investment center is primarily concerned with generating profits, and its success is measured in terms of return on investment (ROI), which is the ratio of profits earned to assets invested.A distinguishing characteristic of an investment center is that the profitability of the center is related to the funds invested in the center. Interest revenue is not the primary source of revenue for an investment center. The investment center is not a responsibility center that only generates revenue, but it is concerned with the effective use of the resources invested in it.
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For each of the following accounting practices, state the most appropriate accounting concept or principle underlying the practice: 2. 1. Based on MFRS 111 Construction contracts, an expected loss on a construction contract should be recognized in full as an expense as soon as loss is probable. BB Co. rents a plant from CC Co., the legal owner of the plant. Based on the agreement, the substantial risk and rewards of the plant now lies with BB Co. As such, the plant is recognized as an asset in BB Co.'s accounts. 3. Companies Act 2016, requires key accounting and other reports to be properly kept and maintained at the entity's registered office. 4. Based on MFRS 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, cash at bank must be presented separately from overdraft.
Accounting Principles are the fundamental concepts, guidelines, and rules that govern the field of accounting. They provide a framework for preparing, presenting, and interpreting financial statements and ensure consistency and comparability in financial reporting.
The most appropriate accounting concept or principle underlying the practice of recognizing an expected loss on a construction contract is the Matching Principle. The matching principle states that expenses should be recognized in the same period as the related revenues. In this case, recognizing the expected loss as an expense when it becomes probable ensures that the expenses are matched with the revenues generated by the construction contract.
The most appropriate accounting concept or principle underlying the requirement to properly keep and maintain accounting and other reports at the entity's registered office, as per the Companies Act 2016, is the Principle of Proper Record-Keeping. This principle emphasizes the importance of maintaining accurate and reliable records of financial transactions and other relevant information. It ensures transparency, accountability, and facilitates compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
The Principle of Classification is the most suitable accounting concept or principle for the separate presentation of cash at bank from overdraft, as required by MFRS 101 Presentation of Financial Statements. According to the Principle of Classification, items in financial statements should be categorized according to their nature and function. It enables a clear difference between cash resources held by the entity and its liabilities in the form of overdrafts by showing cash at the bank separately from overdrafts, giving users of financial statements more accurate and useful information.
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Why doesn’t New Zealand switch to exporting high-value added commodities like rare earth metals or oil instead of low-value added commodities like farm products? What else could New Zealand do to improve its trade imbalance?
New Zealand is well recognized for exporting a vast range of farm products; therefore, it is considered as one of the largest exporters of agriculture products globally. The reason behind the fact that New Zealand exports low-value commodities is its over-dependence on primary sectors like agriculture, forestry, and fishing, and weak on manufacturing and service sectors.
New Zealand has a comparative advantage in the production of low-value commodities, which means the country has the potential to produce goods and services more efficiently than other countries. And, these commodities are more in demand in the global market. The products are in high demand in the market as they are unique, natural, and nutritious products; these are also produced under strict environmental and quality standards.Therefore, New Zealand should not switch to high-value added commodities like rare earth metals or oil instead of low-value added commodities like farm products. The country should develop its existing comparative advantage by implementing better technology, more efficient production, and creating new product lines and distribution channels.
New Zealand could take various measures to improve its trade imbalance. Some of them are as follows: First, New Zealand should increase its investment in research and development (R&D) to develop new products, technology, and process improvements that could create a new competitive edge. Second, the country should take steps to expand its manufacturing and services sectors. Third, it should invest in infrastructure development such as roads, ports, and airports. Fourth, the country should strengthen its relationships with other countries by developing trade agreements. Fifth, New Zealand should develop its human capital by increasing education and training programs for its population. Sixth, the government could also incentivize businesses to invest in new areas and innovative technologies. Long Answer New Zealand is recognized for exporting a vast range of farm products; therefore, it is considered as one of the largest exporters of agriculture products globally.
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Activity: Please help me with one :((( You are asked to develop a loyalty program for a hotel or restaurant. Go on the Internet and find out what information you can find out about loyalty programs, including existing hotel or restaurant loyalty programs. Write up a summary of your findings. The book's Web site has some suggestions on how to set up your search.
A loyalty program is a rewards program that incentivizes frequent customers to keep returning to a particular business. Customers sign up for these programs and accrue points or credits that can be redeemed for rewards, such as discounts, free items, or other perks.
Loyalty programs offer an excellent opportunity for hotels and restaurants to boost customer loyalty and encourage repeat business. Many hotels and restaurants have already implemented loyalty programs and have reported significant success. For example, hotels may offer free nights or room upgrades to loyal customers, while restaurants may offer discounts or free meals.
Loyalty programs are typically structured to reward customers based on the frequency and value of their purchases. Customers can earn points or credits by making purchases, and these points can be redeemed for rewards. Loyalty programs can also offer additional perks, such as early check-in, late check-out, or free Wi-Fi.
There are several key factors to consider when developing a loyalty program, including the program's structure, the rewards offered, and the target audience. It's essential to ensure that the program is easy to understand and use, and that the rewards are valuable and appealing to customers. Finally, it's important to promote the loyalty program through various channels, such as social media, email marketing, and in-store signage, to ensure that customers are aware of the program and its benefits.
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Question 33(Multiple Choice ) (05.04 MC) Which of the following will lead to an increase in a country's existing national debt? O Nominal interest rates in the country fall. O Income tax receipts increase. The central bank sells government bonds. The government engages in deficit spending to stimulate the economy. The government uses contractionary fiscal policies to address spiraling inflation. Question 32(Multiple Choice ) (05.04 MC) As year 2 begins, suppose a country has a debt of $24 million. If the government has an added deficit of $37 million in Year 2, then how much is the public debt at the end of Year 2? O $13 million $24 million O $37 million O $61 million O $85 million
The government has an added deficit of $37 million in Year 2. So, the public debt at the end of Year 2 will be:$24 million + $37 million = $61 million Therefore, the public debt at the end of Year 2 is $61 million.
An increase in a country's existing national debt is caused by government engaging in deficit spending to stimulate the economy. If the government has an added deficit of $37 million in Year 2, then the public debt at the end of Year 2 is $61 million.
How the following will lead to an increase in a country's existing national debt?The correct answer is the government engages in deficit spending to stimulate the economy. When a government spends more money than it receives in revenue, it incurs a budget deficit.
This, in effect, raises the government's borrowing requirement, which contributes to an increase in a country's national debt. As a result, the national debt is impacted by the deficit. As a result, when a government engages in deficit spending to stimulate the economy, it results in an increase in the national debt. How much is the public debt at the end of Year 2?As year 2 begins, a country has a debt of $24 million.
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