Small mount of activated charcoal in final product does not affect the melting point of the compound because some compound has high impurity weight.
The activated charcoal can remove impurities in the gaseous and iquid state from many solutions. By the process of adsorption the activated charcoal attracts these molecules to the surface of the charcoal. A small amount of impurities left from the charcoal used in some step. It does not affect the melting point of the compound because some compound has high impurity weight.
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based on the flow and storage estimates in boxes l4 and l5, how many years would it take to exhaust the fossil fuels reserves shown in the model?
It will take 111190 GT/ 158.5 GT = 701.5 years to exhaust the fossil fuels If every year 158.5 GT of fuel is used up.
Total Carbon storage in gigatons for the following spheres of the earth are,
Atmosphere: 750 GT
Geosphere: (66000+300+3000+1580)GT = 70880 GT
Oceans:1020 GT+ 38000 GT= 39020 GT
Biosphere: 540 GT
Storage (Gigatons) % of Total Storage
Atmosphere: 750 GT 0.67%
Geosphere: 70880 GT 63.75%
Oceans: 39020 GT 35.1%
Biosphere: 540 GT 0.48%
Total Storage: 111190 GT
The carbon exchange due to plant growth and decomposition removes more carbon from the atmosphere than they put into it. Exchange between industries ,mining ,agriculture and cities in the form of fossil fuel burning put more carbon into the air than they remove. Based on the carbon emission rates listed in the box L5, a total of 158.5 GT carbon is emitted per year into the atmosphere by all sources. The double of this amount that is the total carbon emission in the atmosphere two times of the current emission rate) is 158.5 x 2 = 317 GT .If emission stayed fixed at the given rates, the time required by the industrial society to double the amount of current carbon amount in the atmosphere will be Industries ,mining ,agriculture and cities in the form of fossil fuel burning add 7GT/yr of carbon to the atmosphere. Therefore 317 GT of carbon will be added in 317/7 = 45.29 years.
Industrial society will add 7GT in 1 year.
Industrial society will add 317 GT in 317/7=45.29 years.
According to box L4 the total fossil fuels reserves is about 111190 GT.
According to box L5 , the number of years it would take to exhaust the fossil fuels reserves will be appx. 701.51 years.
Checking the amount of carbon emitted into the atmosphere from box L5, we can estimate that about (90+1.5+ 7+60) GT = 158.5 GT of carbon is emitted into the atmosphere every year that means the carbon in the fossil fuel is used up. The total reserve is about 111190 GT.
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select from this list the one metal or alloy that is best suited for each of the following applications, and cite at least one reason for your choice:
List of metal or alloy that is best-suited include :
1) Block of an internal combustion engine is made of grey cast iron because it is ductile and hard enough to bear the loads.
2) Steam heat exchanger is made up of stainless steel material as it has high resistance to corrosion and has the capacity to bear high-temperature differences.
3) For jet engine turbofan blades, titanium alloys are being used because they can able to bear high pressure and high energy loads.
4) Tool steel is used to make drill bit material as it has high tensile and point strength.
5) Aluminum alloys are used for cryogenic applications as it is the best suited for work at low temperatures.
6) Magnesium is used for pyrotechnics as it gives works on the effect of heat, light, and gas.
Alloy, a metallic substance composed of two or more elements, as both a compound or a solution. The components of alloys are ordinarily themselves metals, though carbon, a nonmetal, is an essential constituent of metal.
Alloys, in trendy, are more potent and harder, less malleable, much less ductile, and greater corrosion-resistant than the alloy's predominant metallic.
An alloy is created with the aid of mixing metallic with another issue, both any other metal or a nonmetal substance. Metallic alloys are commonly made by means of melting the substances, mixing them collectively, after which letting them cool to room temperature, ensuing in a strong material.
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Using the graph below, match the following ranges of sucrose concentrations to their
corresponding descriptions of solution strength which depended on their measured
percentage mass change.
Change in mass
Either, hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic please help
Depending on their measured percentage mass change, they are hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic respectively.
A hypotonic tonic solution is any external solution that has a low solute attention and high water attention compared to frame fluids. In hypotonic solutions, there is an internet movement of water from the solution into the body.
A hypotonic answer is a solution that has lower osmotic stress than every other option to which it's miles as compared. it could additionally suggest an answer that contains a lower amount of solute compared with the solute concentration inside the other solution throughout a semipermeable membrane.
A hypertonic solution is a sort of solution that has a higher awareness of solutes at the outside of the mobile than at the interior of the cellular. Water will move out of the cellular to the vicinity of higher solute awareness inflicting the mobile to wrinkle or shrivel.
0.0 - 0.3 hypotonic
0.3- isotonic
0.3- 1.0 hypertonic
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according to the following reaction, how many grams of calcium hydroxide are required for the complete reaction of 22.6 grams of sulfuric acid? sulfuric acid (aq) calcium hydroxide (s) calcium sulfate (s) water (l)
The correct answer is 41.53 g.
We'll begin by writing the balanced reaction. This is illustrated below:
H₂SO₄ + Ca(OH)₂ —> CaSO₄ + 2H₂O
Next, we shall determine the mass of Ca(OH)₂ that reacted and the mass of CaSO₄ produced from the balanced reaction. This can be obtained as follow:
Molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 40 + 2(16 + 1)
= 40 + 2(17)
= 40 + 34
= 74 g/mol
Mass of Ca(OH)₂ from the balanced reaction = 1 × 74 = 74 g
Molar mass of CaSO₄ = 40 + 32 + (16×4)
= 40 + 32 + 64
= 136 g/mol
Mass of CaSO₄ from the balanced reaction = 1 × 136 = 136 g
From the balanced reaction above,
74 g of Ca(OH)₂ reacted to produce 136 g of CaSO₄.
Finally, we shall determine the mass of CaSO₄ produced by the reaction of 22.6 g of Ca(OH)₂. This can be obtained as follow:
From the balanced reaction above,
74 g of Ca(OH)₂ reacted to produce 136 g of CaSO₄.
So, 22.6 g of Ca(OH)₂ will react to produce = (22.6 × 136)/74 = 41.53 g of CaSO₄.
Therefore, the mass of CaSO₄ were obtained from the reaction is 41.53 g.
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Do the data suggest that any of these possible control elements are actual control elements?.
The Data suggest that any of these possible control elements are actual control elements is all the three are appear to be control.
The data suggest that any of these possible control elements are actual control elements is that all the three elements are to be control. The mRNA produce is differed in each of the construct from the intact enhancer. they are different from the level produced by the intact enhancer construct. control element are which remains unchanged or we can say that unaffected by the other variables.
Thus, control elements are actual control elements is all the three are appear to be control.
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the barrier to rotation about the c-c bond of bromoethane is 3.6 kcal/mol. what energy value can be assigned to an h-br eclipsing interaction?
The highest energy strong form and enhance productivity has stain power of 15Kj/mole due to two H-H eclipsed events with the a smear energy of 4Kj/mole. Thus, the H-Br eclipses factor is 15-2(4) = 7Kj/mole.
What is the purpose of bromoethane?Ethane with a bromo substituent is called bromoethane, a bromoalkane. It functions as an alkylating agent and is a common chemical building block in many synthetic strategies. It functions as a solvent, a coolant, a local anesthetic, an alkylating agent, and a carcinogen.
Is bromethane prohibited?As a result, the 1997 Montreal Convention on Ozone Depleting Substances' phase-out criteria apply to it. Bromomethane was included in the list of ODS to also be phasing down by the London Amendments in 1990.
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approximately how many half-lives must pass for the amount of radioactivity in a substance to decrease to below 0.5 %% of its initial level?
The amount of radioactivity in a substance to decrease to below 0.5 %% of its initial level is 8 half-lives.
Radioactivity is the phenomenon of the spontaneous disintegration of unstable atomic nuclei to atomic nuclei to shape more energetically stable atomic nuclei. Radioactive decay is an extraordinarily exoergic, statistically random, first-order technique that happens with a small amount of mass being converted to electricity.
Calculation:-
The rate of radioactive decay is often characterized by the half-life of a radioisotope.
Half-life (+1/2) is the time of its initial level.
this w This can also be solved by way:-
N = No ( + ) where, N
= initial round
= 8 half-lives.
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or a polymer-matrix fiber-reinforced composite, (a) list three functions of the matrix phase. (b) compare the desired mechanical characteristics of matrix and fiber phases. (c) cite two reasons why there must be a strong bond between fiber and matrix at their interface.
Functions of a matrix phase:
1. For binding of the fibers so that the applied stress can be distributed.
2. Matrix phase protects the surface and inhibits the fibers from external damage.
3. Crack occurrence and crack spreading are reduced by separating the fibers
The matrix phase has the mechanical characteristics of good ductility, low elastic modulus, and relatively easy to mold whereas the fiber phase is able to withstand force and is also brittle, and stiff to improve overall toughness.
There must be a strong bond b/w fiber and matrix because :
1. To minimize the risk of failure due to fiber taking off.
2. To improve the stress progression from fiber to matrix and vice versa.
A polymer is a substance or material together with very large molecules referred to as macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. Due to their vast spectrum of homes, both synthetic and natural polymers play vital and ubiquitous roles in regular lifestyles.
Products made from polymers are all around us: garb made from synthetic fibers, polyethylene cups, fiberglass, nylon bearings, plastic bags, polymer-primarily based paints, epoxy glue, polyurethane foam cushion, silicone heart valves, and Teflon-covered cookware.
A number of the beneficial houses of diverse engineering polymers are excessive electricity or modulus-to-weight ratios, toughness, resilience, resistance to corrosion, lack of conductivity, color, transparency, processing, and coffee price.
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What is the mass of 2 mol of NH3?.
Mass of 2 mol of NH3 is 34 grams.
The number of moles of a substance is equal to the ratio of its given mass in a chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of that substance. One mole of any substance will be equals Avogadro's number, that is, 6.023 × 1023. It is also used to express concentration units such as mole per litre or molecular weight.
Mass which is symbolized as m, it is a dimensionless quantity that is representing the amount of matter in a particle or object. The standard unit of mass in the International System (SI) is the kilogram.
To calculate the mass of NH3 we use the below formula;
number of moles = weight of the substance
Molecular weight
weight = number of moles × Molecular weight
weight = 2 × 17 ⇒ 34 grams
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strategies that limit or prevent greenhouse gas emissions and/or enhance activities that remove these gases from the atmosphere are known as:
The term "Green Power Partnership" refers to tactics that reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions and/or increase activities to decrease greenhouse gas.
The U.S. EPA's Green Power Partnership (GPP) is a voluntary programme that promotes the use of green power by businesses as a way to lessen the negative environmental effects of using conventional electricity. More than 1,300 Partner organizations currently use millions of kilowatt-hours of green energy on a voluntarily basis for the Partnership. Is known as Green Power Partnership
A greenhouse gas (GHG or GhG) is a gas that produces the greenhouse effect by absorption and emission of radiant energy in the thermal infrared range. The main greenhouse gases on Earth are water vapour and methane.
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what substance is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of molten calcium bromide, cabr2 ? assume standard conditions. express your answer as a chemical formula.
The product that get deposited at the cathode of the electrolytic cell has been the Bromine .
Electrolysis has been defined as the decomposition of the chemical compound in the presence of electric current. The product of the chemical reaction has been the deposited on the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell. The anode inside the cell has been negative electrode and attracts the positive ions inside the solution. The cathode has been the positive electrode, and attract the negative ions.
The decomposition of calcium bromide results in the formation of calcium and bromine ions .The product deposited at the cathode of the electrolytic cell has been the Bromine .
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210 mg 2-bromo-5-nitropyridine and an excess of benzylamine. what is the theoretical yield of product
The theoretical yield of product is 0.210g.
What is a theoretical yield?Based on the stoichiometry of the chemical equation, theoretical yield is computed. The quantity of product produced once the limiting reactant has been fully converted is known as the theoretical yield of a chemical process.It is the amount of product that a perfect (theoretical) chemical reaction would generate, which is different from the amount generated by a reaction in a lab. The theoretical yield is frequently expressed in grams or moles. The exact yield is calculated by experimentation.The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield is calculated to get the percent yield. It is the greatest amount of product that could be produced using the quantities of reactants specified.To learn more about theoretical yield , refer:
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TRUE/FALSE mg of a drug to be added to 100 ml of d5w and administered over 45 minutes. the drug is available as 250 mg / 20 ml. the drop factor is 12 gtts/ml
Dr. Kline has ordered 500 mg of a drug to be added to 100 ml of D5W and administered over 45 minutes. The drug is available at 250 mg / 20 ml. The drop factor is 12 gtts/mL. You set the IV for 26.67 gtts/min (drops per minute)
To calculate drug dosage
IV Drip rate = (100 ml * 12 gtts/ml) / (45) = 26.67 gtts per minute.
A kind of glucose is dextrose (sugar). A vein receives an IV injection of 5% dextrose in water to replenish lost fluids and give the body carbs. Dehydration, insulin shock, and low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) are all treated with 5% dextrose in water (fluid loss)
5.0% Dextrose in Water (D5 or D5W, an intravenous sugar solution) A crystalloid that is both isotonic and hypotonic that is given to treat hypernatremia and provide the kidneys access to free water. While switching from D5W to saline as the default drug diluent had no impact on blood glucose control, it did increase the prevalence of hypernatremia and hyperchloremia while having no impact on the prevalence of AKI or mortality. For patients who are critically ill, D5W might be a better option as the default diluent. Dextrose (D5) is administered to stop catabolism. Change to LR if you intend to provide more than 3–4 liters of normal saline due to the possibility of "expansion acidosis." Normal people can receive dextrose at a rate of 0.5 g/kg/hour without experiencing glycosuria. Approximately 95% of the dextrose is retained at the maximal infusion rate of 0.8 g/kg/hour.
The complete question is:
Dr. Kline has ordered 500 mg of a drug to be added to 100 ml of D5W and administered over 45 minutes. The drug is available at 250 mg / 20 ml. The drop factor is 12 gtts/mL. You set the IV for ____ gtts / min.
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outline the steps in the gluconeogenesis pathway that require unique enzymes that are not found in the glycolytic pathway. (4 pts) which of these enzymes is dependent on the coenzyme biotin (1 pt)? g
Gluconeogenesis enzymes include pyruvate carboxylase, PEP carboxykinase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, and glucose 6-phosphatase.
Gluconeogenesis is the process by which non-carbohydrate substrates (such as lactate, amino acids, and glycerol) are converted into glucose. Both lactate and alanine are converted to pyruvate before entering the mitochondrion and being carboxylated to oxaloacetate (OAA) by pyruvate carboxylase (PC).
Gluconeogenesis is the process by which new glucose is synthesized from noncarbohydrate precursors, and it provides glucose when dietary intake is insufficient or absent. It also regulates acid-base balance, amino acid metabolism, and the synthesis of carbohydrate-derived structural components.
The glycolytic pathway is an important metabolic pathway in the body. It consists of a series of enzymatic reactions that convert glucose (glycolysis) into pyruvate, resulting in the energy sources adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
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Is NH4NO3 → N2O 2H2O a decomposition reaction?.
Yes the above given reaction is a decomposition reaction.
A decomposition reaction can be defined as the chemical reaction in which one reactant breaks down into two or more products. The general format of a decomposition reaction is provided below.
AB -> A + B ; Where AB is the parent molecule (reactant) and A & B are the product molecules.
Disproportionation reaction, also sometimes called dismutation reaction, is basically a type of redox reaction involving simultaneous reduction and oxidation of atoms of the same element from one oxidation state (OS) to two different oxidation states.
NH4NO3 undergoes redox reaction to form N2O and Water
[tex]NH_{4}NO_{3}[/tex] → [tex]N_{2}O[/tex] + [tex]2H_{2}O[/tex]
In this reaction, two nitrogen atoms in the reactant are present in different oxidation states. Hence, it is not a disproportionation reaction and is a decomposition reaction
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Why are there no fields in my pivot table?.
A pivot table cell can be selected by right-clicking it and choosing Show Fields List first from menu. By doing so, the field list will become visible once again and resume acting normally.
What are pivot tables and how do they function?One of the fundamental tools for data is the pivot table. Many significant business concerns can be swiftly resolved with pivot tables.
Pivot Tables can be thought of as a form of visual storytelling even if they are merely tables and lack real graphics.
Can two Pivot Tables be combined?Most tools demand the somewhat tedious process when comparing two Table or merging them. With some exclusions, like Lumeer, numerous Pivot Table that have the same structure can be laid over.
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What are the 4 types of sanitizer?.
Chlorine-based cleansers, quaternary ammonium, peroxyacetic acid, and iodine sanitizers are all included in the statement.
What exactly does "sanitizer" mean?a substance or object intended to reduce or remove hazardous components (like bacteria) from surfaces. Beginning in September, sales of hand sanitizers with alcohol remained about 17percent on average higher then they were at the exact time last year.
Is alcohol a potent sanitizer?However, antimicrobials with 60 and 95% methanol are suitable in general. The Center for Prevention and Control recommends formulas that contain 75% isopropyl alcohol and 80% (percent amount) ethanol.
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a solution is prepared by adding 1.50 g of solid cacl2 to a volumetric flask to make 100.0 ml of aqueous solution. what is the molarity of the final solution?
The molarity of 1.50g of [tex]CaCl_2\\[/tex] in 100 ml of the aqueous solution is 0.135M.
What is the molarity (M) of a solution?
It is the number of moles of solutes per liter of the solution. It depends upon the volume of the solution.
The equation for calculating the molarity is as follows:
[tex]M= \frac{n}{V}[/tex]
Where,
M= Molarity of the solution
n= number of moles of solute
V= volume of solution in liters
Calculation:
The chemical formula of calcium chloride = [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex]
The molecular weight of calcium chloride = 110.98 g/mol
The number of moles [tex]CaCl_{2}[/tex] is calculated using the following formula,
[tex]n=\frac{mass in grams}{molecular weight} \\ \\ =\frac{1.50}{110.98} \\ \\ = 0.0135 moles[/tex]
The volume of solution in liters= 0.1 L
Therefore molarity of the solution = [tex]\frac{number of moles of solute}{volume of solution in litre}[/tex]
=[tex]\frac{0.0135}{0.1}[/tex]
= 0.135M
The molarity of the calcium chloride is 0.135M.
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every step in a fischer esterification is an equilibrium. how do you drive the reaction towards products in this experiment?
Le Châtelier's Principle states that we can move the equilibrium's position to the right by either adding an excessive amount of a reactant or by deleting one of products. If utilize significant amount more of one reactant.
What in chemistry is a reactant?A component that is involved at the outset of a chem reaction is known as a reactant. Products are the component(s) to the east of the arrow. A product is the substance that is also present after a chemical process has finished.
What other names do reactants go by?A compound that is a reactant is that which is present at the outset of a chemical reaction and changes as the reaction develops. They can also be refereed to as reagents or beginning materials.
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what is the name given to a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature?
Answer:
Saturated solution
Explanation:
A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute for a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.
What are the 4 steps of effective cleaning and sanitizing?.
The four steps to an efficient sanitation and cleaning routine are cleaning, washing, disinfecting, and drying time.
Why is it crucial to clean and sanitize?Pest infestations can be avoided by regularly cleaning and sterilizing. Your company can keep in compliance with legal requirements regarding food safety by regularly cleaning and sanitizing. Customers and staff are protected by cleaning and sanitizing from health hazards like contaminated food and food allergies.
What does sanitizing accomplish?Sanitizing reduces the amount of bacteria on surface or items to the a safe level as determined by regulations for public health. To reduce the chance of an infection spreading, this method either cleans or disinfects surfaces or objects.
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Titanium is extracted from titanium chloride as shown. Calculate
the mass of sodium needed to react with 126 g of titanium chloride.
TICL4 +
4Na Ti + 4NaCl
As per the given balanced reaction 4 moles or92 g of sodium is needed for one mole or 189.6 g of titanium chloride. Thus, the mass of sodium needed for 1256 g of TiCl₄ is 61.1 g.
What is titanium chloride?Titanium chloride is an ionic compound formed by losing electrons from Ti to chlorine atoms. The molar mass of TiCl₄ is 189.6 g. Given the balanced reaction of titanium chloride with sodium metal.
The atomic mass of sodium is 23 g/mol. Hence 4 moles of sodium is 4 × 23 = 92 g. Thus, 92 g of sodium is needed to react with 189.6 g of TiCl₄ . Therefore, the mass of Na needed to react with 126 g of TiCl₄ is calculated as follows:
mass of Na = 126 g × 92 g/189.6g
= 61.1 g.
Hence, the mass of sodium metal required to react with 126 g of TiCl₄ is 61.1 g.
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design a synthesis of 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene from benzene or any mono-substituted benzene. q1 part 1 out of 6 choose the best option for the immediate precursor to the target molecule. p1a p1a1 p1a2 p1a3 p1a4 p1a5
2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is synthesized from benzene in the following sequence.
Chlorination of benzene:
This is the halogenation reaction of benzene. In this step, benzene is reacted with chlorine gas in the presence of a Lewis acid (i.e. FeCl3). This leads to the formation of chlorobenzene as shown in the red step below.
Nitration of chlorobenzene:
The chlorine atom of benzene has an ortho-paradirecting effect. Nitration of chlorobenzene thus yields para-nitrochlorobenzene as shown in the blue step below.
Bromination of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene:
Bromination is carried out in this step by reacting bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid. The chlorine, which is ortho-paratropic in nature, and the nitro group, which is metatropic in nature, orient the incoming Br+. (electrophilic) to the desired location. Therefore, 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is synthesized in good yield.
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Based on your data, is Ca(OH)2 soluble, insoluble, or sparingly soluble? Explain why you made your decision using your value of Ksp in this lab.
Ca(OH)2 is sparingly soluble in water. We get this information from the Solubility product of Ca(OH)2.
The solubility product constant is the equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a solid substance into an aqueous solution. It is denoted by the symbol Ksp. The solubility product is a kind of equilibrium constant and its value generally depends upon the temperature.
We calculate the solubility product by taking the solid's solubility that is then expressed in the units of moles per liter (mol/L), known as its molar solubility.
The solubility product (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2 at 25∘C is 4. 42×10−5. From this we can infer that Ca(OH)2 is only slightly soluble in water (0.16g Ca(OH)2/100g water at 20°C) by forming a basic solution that is generally called as lime water. The solubility generally decreases with increasing temperature.
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methyl
A hydrocarbon radical containing one positive charge (CH3).Neutral
Having no preference or tendency to move one way or the other; neither acid nor base.
Neutral having no preference or tendency to move one way or the other; neither acid nor base.
An atom in a molecule is given a formal charge (FC) if all chemical linkages involve equitable sharing of electrons among all atoms, regardless of their relative electronegativity.
[Number of valence electrons] = formal charge - [electrons in lone pairs Plus 1/2 the number of bonding electrons]
For carbon, there are 4 valence electrons.
There are two non-bonded electrons (it has a lone pair)
There are three bonds encircling carbon.
Consequently, formal charge = 4 - (2 + 3) = 4 - 5 = -1.
Formally, C in CH3 has a negative 1 charge.
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how many reducing equivalents are transferred to electron carriers after one turn of the citric acid cycle?
The electron transport chain (ETC) used the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2 produced by the TCA to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
In redox reactions, chemical species that transfer the equivalent of one electron are referred to as reducing equivalents. The phrase is widely used in biochemistry. A hydrogen atom or electron in the form of a hydride ion can serve as a reducing equivalent. Chemistry uses a wide variety of reductant substances.The term reducing equivalent in biochemistry refers to any of a variety of chemical species that participate in redox reactions and transfer the equivalent of one electron. A redox reaction causes an actual or formal transfer of electrons, which changes the oxidation state of the atoms or ions.To learn more about oxidative phosphorylation -
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which statement about a solution of rubbing alcohol that is 30% isopropanol and 70% water is correct? multiple choice question. isopropanol is the solvent. water is the solute. water is the solvent.
A solution of rubbing alcohol that is 30% isopropanol and 70% water is isopropanol is the solvent. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is solvent ?A solute may be dissolved by a solvent, which creates a solution. In addition to being a liquid, a supercritical fluid, a solid, or a gas can also be a solvent.
We can say that isopropyl alcohol is the solvent in a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol that is 70-30 because it has a larger volume.
Microorganisms are destroyed by a 70% isopropyl alcohol solution by causing the cell wall's plasma membrane to dissolve. The thin layer of peptidoglycan that makes up the gram-negative bacteria's plasma membrane is easily broken down by alcohol. Since it contains 70% isopropyl alcohol, it is referred to as pharmaceutical alcohol.
Thus, option A is correct.
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this true pathogen is a non-coliform, gram-negative, oxidase-negative, non-motile member of the family enterobacteriaceae and it does not produce hydrogen sulfide gas.
This true pathogen is a non-coliform, gram-negative, oxidase-negative, non-motile member of the family Enterobacteriaceae shigella.
How is hydrogen used in chemistry?Many other applications exist for hydrogen. It is used in the chemical industry to produce cyclohexane and formaldehyde, which are intermediates in the synthesis of polymers and medicines, as well as ammonia for agricultural fertilizer (the Haber process). In the course of the oil-refining process, it is also employed to eliminate sulfur from fuels.
Why is hydrogen so popular?Hydrogen is the smallest and most prevalent element in the universe, consisting just of a hypothetical particle and a single electron. Hydrogen is thought to make about 90% of the universe that can be seen. The primary fuel which most stars "burn" to create energy is hydrogen.
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identify the list in which the atoms are ordered by increasing zeff for a valence electron calculated by the simple or approximate method?
Atoms in increasing order of Z[tex]_eff[/tex] for valence electron by simple or approximate method are Si<P<S<Cl.
What is an atom?An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.
The protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral and hence the nucleus is positively charged. The electrons which revolve around the nucleus are negatively charged and hence the atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.
Atoms of the same element are similar as they have number of sub- atomic particles which on combination do not alter the chemical properties of the substances.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was,identify the list in which the atoms are ordered by increasing Zeff for a valence electron calculated by the simple or approximate method? A) P<S<Si<Cl B) Si<P<S<Cl C) Ck<S<P<Si D) S<Cl<P<Si E) Si<P<Ck<s
Use a sheet of paper to answer the following question. When complete, take a picture of your answer and attach the file to this assignment. Draw the products obtained in each of the following reactions, assuming that only one equivalent of each reagent is used in each case: HBr Br2
When an alkene reacts with a hydrogen halide, such as hydrogen bromide (HBr), a substitution reaction occurs. Similarly, When an alkene reacts with bromine, a bromonium ion intermediate is formed.
This is known as an addition reaction, as the hydrogen halide adds across the double bond of the alkene. During this reaction, the hydrogen atom of the hydrogen halide bonds with one of the carbons of the alkene, while the halide (chlorine in the case of HCl) bonds with the other carbon.
This creates a new single bond between the carbons, and produces a halogenated alkane, with a chlorine atom bonded to the carbon atoms that were previously bonded by the double bond. The other product of the reaction is hydrogen chloride (HCl), which is a gas and is released into the atmosphere.
When an alkene reacts with bromine, a bromonium ion intermediate is formed. This occurs when the bromine molecule attacks the double bond in the alkene and forms a bridge between the two carbon atoms.
A bromine atom is then displaced from the bromine molecule, resulting in a bromonium ion with a positive charge on the carbon that was attached to the bromine molecule.
This bromonium ion is attacked by a second bromine molecule, resulting in the formation of a vicinal dibromide molecule.
This is a stereospecific reaction, meaning that it will produce two different stereoisomers of the dibromide product, depending on the orientation of the bromonium ion intermediate.
The reaction of an alkene with bromine is an example of an electrophilic addition reaction, which is a type of reaction that involves the addition of an electron-deficient species to an electron-rich species.
This type of reaction is important in organic synthesis, as it allows for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and can be used to synthesize a variety of compounds. The images of the products are attached below for both cases.
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