The correct statements about the reaction sequence are:
(i) the products P and R can form an addition product with HCN, (ii) the product Q has no chiral center, (iii) the product R can undergo a Cannizzaro reaction, and (iv) the product S is a saturated hydrocarbon.The reaction sequence provided is an example of an aldol condensation reaction, which is a type of organic reaction in which two molecules of an aldehyde or ketone condense to form a beta-hydroxy carbonyl compound.
In this reaction sequence, the aldehyde or ketone molecules react with each other in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid, to form an aldol product. The aldol product can then be further reacted with additional aldehyde or ketone molecules to form an addition product, such as an aldol dimer. The aldol dimer can then be hydrolyzed with a base, such as sodium hydroxide, to form the final product.
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A gas has a temperature of 14ºC, and a volume of 4.5 liters. If the temperature is raised to 29ºC and the pressure is not changed, what is the new volume of the gas?
The gas's new capacity is 4.8 Liters. A gas has a volume of 4.5 liters and a temperature of 14ºC . When the temperature reaches 29 °C.
What is the variable in the equation for an ideal gas?The ideal gas constant is the name of something like the variable in the equation. The ideal gas equation's choice of units for tension, temperature, and volume affects the classical physics constant's value.
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ (Charles' Law)
T is in Kelvin. Celsius temp plus 273.15 = K
T₁ = 14 +273
= 287 K
T₂ = 29 + 273
= 303 K
4.5 / 287 = V₂ / 303
V₂ = 4.75 L
= 4.8 L
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Particles in a solid are the ( most OR least ) restricted.
Microscopic particles make up all liquids, gases, and solids, but their behavior varies between the three phases:
A gas at a microscopic level.A liquid saw through a microscopeA solid in its smallest detail.What is meant by Microscopic Level?The term "microscopic scale" comes from the Ancient Greek "mikrós," which means "small," and "skopé," which means "to look" examine, inspect') refers to the smaller scale of things and events that can't be seen with the bare eye and require a lens or microscope to see clearly.
A chemical reaction occurs when reactant atoms, ions, or molecules are transformed into product atoms, ions, or molecules at the molecular level. On the microscopic scale, the temperature is simply defined as the average energy of microscopic motions of a single particle in the system per degree of freedom. This necessitates the breaking of some bonds, the formation of additional bonds, and the relocation of some nuclei.
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A gas occupies 250 ml when the barometer reads 720 mm. How many milliliters will it occupy when the barometer reads 740 mm?
The volume (in mL) of the gas when the barometer reads 740 mmHg is 243.24 mL
How do I determine the volume of the gas?The following data were obtained from the question given above:
Initial volume of gas (V₁) = 250 mLInitial pressure of barometer (P₁) = 720 mmHg New pressure of barometer (P₂) = 740 mmHgNew volume of gas (V₂) = ?The new volume of the gas can be obtained by using the Boyle's law equation as shown below:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
720 × 250 = 740 × V₂
180000 = 740 × V₂
Divide both sides by 740
V₂ = 180000 / 740
V₂ = 243.24 mL
Thus, we can conclude from the above calculation that the volume is 243.24 mL
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the terms that best describe the isomeric relationship between staggered and eclipsed ethane are responses configurational, achiral, diastereomers. configurational, achiral, diastereomers. , conformational, chiral, enantiomers. conformational, chiral, enantiomers. , conformational, achiral, diastereomers. conformational, achiral, diastereomers. , configurational, chiral, enantiomers. configurational, chiral, enantiomers. , conformational, achiral, enantiomers.'
The terms that best describe the isomeric relationship between staggered and eclipsed ethane are B: "conformational, achiral, diastereomers."
An isomeric relationship refers to the relationship between two or more chemical compounds having the same molecular formula but differing in the arrangement of their atoms. Isomers can be classified into different types such as structural isomers, stereoisomers, and conformational isomers based on the differences in their molecular structure.
In the context of this question the isomeric relationship between staggered and eclipsed ethane is described as "conformational, achiral, diastereomers.
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Mothballs are composed primarily of the hydrocarbon naphthalene (C10H8 ). When 1.312 g of naphthalene burns in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature rises from 24.710 ∘C to 30.188 ∘C .Find ΔrH for the combustion of naphthalene at 298 K . When considering phase, assume all reactants and products are at 298 K.
Explanation:
To find ΔrH for the combustion of naphthalene, we can use the equation: ΔrH = qp / n
where qp is the heat absorbed by the bomb calorimeter and n is the number of moles of naphthalene.
First, we need to find qp. We can use the formula: qp = mcΔT
where m is the mass of naphthalene, c is the specific heat capacity of the calorimeter, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Given that m = 1.312 g, c = 4.184 J/g°C, and ΔT = 30.188 - 24.710 = 5.478 °C
qp = (1.312 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(5.478 °C) = 27.948 J
Next, we need to convert the mass of naphthalene to moles. We can use the molar mass of naphthalene, which is 128.17 g/mol
n = m / M = 1.312 g / 128.17 g/mol = 0.0103 mol
Finally, we can use the equation ΔrH = qp / n to find ΔrH:
ΔrH = qp / n = 27.948 J / 0.0103 mol = 2713.8 J/mol
Therefore, the ΔrH for the combustion of naphthalene at 298 K is 2713.8 J/mol.
In addition to the 4Ps of marketing, it is also important to consider the sustainability, ethics and social responsibility in the twenty-first century marketplace when launching a campaign. It is important to consider the impact the product, service or campaign has on the environment and the society, how it is produced and how it is marketed to the public. Additionally, understanding the target audience, their demographics and what they value is important to create an effective marketing campaign.
2.360 moles of lead oxide into grams
For instance, for number two, the mass of lead oxide is equal to the moller mass of 2-3 g times 2.360 moles. This is 5.26 8 g in weight.
How do oxides affect the body of a human?Elevated nitrogen dioxide concentrations can harm the human respiratory system and make someone more susceptible to and more severely affected by asthma attacks and respiratory infections. Chronic lung damage may result from prolonged exposure to high nitrogen dioxide levels.
How did oxygen turn into oxide?The two half-filled outer orbitals of oxygen lead to the assumption of a negative oxidation state in all of its molecules. The oxide ion O2 is produced when these orbitals are filled through electron transfer.
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How many GRAMS of carbon tetrachloride are present in 1.71 moles of this compound ?
The solution equals 0.0065009910760895. We'll presume you're changing from moles of carbon tetrachloride to grams.
How many carbon tetrachloride moles are there in each mole of this compound?There are 6.0231023 molecules in 1 mole of a given chemical. As a result, 2.25 1024 molecules make up 3.74 mol of carbon tetrachloride.
The grams of an element in a compound can be determined in what way?Calculate the atomic weight of each element in the compound by multiplying its number of atoms by its atomic weight (found in the periodic table). 3. Compute the total and add units of grams/mole to the number.
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Suppose you are making a solution of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7. The formula calls for 0.85% acl (M-58.44 g/ 01), 5 mM sodium phosphate pH 7, and 1 M sodium EDTA pH 7. You have NaCl as a dry chemical; you have sodium phosphate and sodium EDTA as 100 mM stock solutions. Starting with 800 mL of water, quantitatively outline how you would prepare 1 L of PBS? (5 pts)
Once all the components are added, you need to mix them well and adjust the final volume to 1 L with water. You can check the pH of the solution using a pH meter or pH paper to make sure it is 7.
To prepare 1 L of PBS, you will need to add the following components to 800 mL of water:
Sodium Chloride (NaCl): 0.85% (w/v) of 1 L of PBS is 8.5 g, so you need to add 8.5 g of NaCl to the 800 mL of water.
Sodium Phosphate: 5 mM of 1 L of PBS is 5 × 10⁻³ moles, so you need to add (5 × 10⁻³ moles / 100 mM) × 10 mL of the 100 mM sodium phosphate stock solution to the 800 mL of water.
Sodium EDTA: 1 M of 1 L of PBS is 1 mole, so you need to add (1 mole / 100 mM) × 10 mL of the 100 mM sodium EDTA stock solution to the 800 mL of water.
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Sonali heard sound of thunderbolt 5 second after she's of clash of lightning how far is she from the place where lightning occurs speed if sound 330 m/s
The distance can be calculated using the formula: d = v * t, where d is the distance, v is the speed of sound (330 m/s), and t is the time elapsed (5 seconds).
So, the distance is: 330 m/s * 5 s = 1650 meters.
75 POINTS!!!
Describe the plate movements in a Divergent(Constructive), Convergent (Destructive) and a Transform (Conservative) Plate Margin. (these are also called plate boundaries). Your answer should define these THREE types of margins or boundaries by explaining the type of movement that occurs.
The type of movement that occurs in the plate movement listed above include the following:
A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other.A convergent boundary occurs when lithospheric plates are moving towards one another.Transform boundaries are created when tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally.What is a Tectonic plate?These are gigantic pieces of the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle and are made up of oceanic crust and continental crust.
A convergent boundary as the name implies occurs when lithospheric plates are moving towards one another.
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if reaction is favorable and spontaneous in forward direction is it spontaneous in reverse direction
No. If a reaction is favorable and spontaneous in foreword direction, it is not spontaneous in reverse reaction unless the reaction is at equilibrium.
A forward direction will make it non-spontaneous for the reverse direction. It is non-spontaneous unless the reaction is at equilibrium. The forward reaction is spontaneous due to the products of the forward reaction are favored at equilibrium. Reactions are favorable for spontaneous when they result in a decrease in enthalpy and an increase in entropy of the system. A spontaneous reaction is defined as a reaction that favors the formation of products at the conditions under which the reaction is occurring. A nonspontaneous reaction is defined as a reaction that does not favor the formation of products at the given set of conditions.
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The catalyst does actually participate in the reaction but is regenerated in a later step of the reactions.
Catalyst is a material that speeds up a chemical reaction without changing chemically on its own in the process.
In a catalysed process, the catalyst typically reacts chemically with the reactants but is ultimately renewed, maintaining the same catalyst concentration. Each catalyst molecule has the potential to cause the transformation of several reactant molecules because the catalyst is not consumed. One catalyst molecule may be able to change as many as several million molecules each minute for an active catalyst. later, at the end of reaction catalyst remain same.
By reducing the activation energy, a catalyst quickens the process.
The catalyst only gets eaten in one phase and gets rebuilt in another, not actively participating in the reaction. and it only needs a minimal amount.
The reaction's equilibrium constant is unaffected by a catalyst. It only quickens the pace at which equilibrium is reached.
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The metal cadmium becomes superconducting at temperatures below 0.56 K Calculate the temperature at which cadmium becomes superconducting in degrees Celsius. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.
-269.15 degree Celsius is the temperature at which cadmium becomes superconducting.
When chilled below a threshold temperature, certain materials have the ability to conduct direct current (DC) electricity without losing energy (referred to as Tc). When these materials reach the superconducting state, they also release magnetic fields.
One of nature's most fascinating quantum phenomena is superconductivity. It was found in mercury that had been cooled to liquid helium temperature, or about -452 °F, or only a few degrees above absolute zero, more over 100 years ago.
Early on, scientists were able to describe what happened in superconductivity, but for nearly 50 years, the why and how of superconductivity remained a mystery.
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draw the individual amino acids that form this tripeptide. draw the zwitterion forms.
The zwitterion form of a tripeptide would show the zwitterion forms of its three individual amino acids.
The needed diagram is attached below:
Peptides and proteins are made up of amino acids. There are 20 common amino acids that may be used to make peptides. Each amino acid has a core carbon atom known as the alpha carbon, which is linked to an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a distinct side chain R group.
A tripeptide is a peptide that is made up of three amino acids. When an amino acid is in an aqueous solution with a pH equal to its pI, it takes on the zwitterion form (isoelectric point). The amino acid is neutral and exists as a zwitterion at its pI because it contains equal quantities of positive and negative charges.
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Classify each type of matter as an element, a compound, a heterogeneous mixture, or a homogeneous mixture. [element = silver, calcium, silicon][compound = sulfur trioxide, toluene, sugar][heterogeneous mixture = soil, orange juice with pulp][homogeneous mixture = hot tea, air, salt water]
Silver, calcium, silicon etc. are pure elements and toluene, sulphur trioxide, sugar etc. are compounds formed by the combination of different elements.
What are mixtures ?Mixtures are combinations of two or more individual components. They can be chemically mixed or just adhered by physical mixing. Homogenous mixtures form one phase with all components in a single phase. For example salt solution, sugar solution etc.
Heterogenous mixtures forms separate phases and appear as different layers in the system. For example, soil, juice with pulp, sand etc.,
Different compounds are formed by the combination of atoms of different elements through chemical bonding such as ionic bonding, covalent bonding etc.
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How many silicon atoms are in each molecule of trisilylamine?
A chemist must dilute 41.6 mL of 3.13 M aqueous sodium thiosulfate (Na2S20,) solution until the concentration falls to 1.00 M. He'll do this by adding distilled water to the solution until it reaches a certain final volume. Calculate this final volume, in liters. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
The final volume of the of the dilute solution is 0.13 L. This is calculated by using dilution equation.
Dilution is defined as the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a solution by mixing with more solvent like adding more water to the solution. Dilution means to add more solvent without the addition of more solute. Dilution decreases the concentration of the solute in the solution. According to the dilution equation,
M1V1 = M2V2
Here, M1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, M2 is the concentration after mixing or diluting and V2 is the total final volume of the solution.
M1 = 3.13 M
V1 = 41.6 mL
M2 = 1.00 M
V2 = M1V1 / M2
V2 = 3.13 x 41.6 / 1.00
V2 = 130.21 mL
= 0.13 L
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When does a chemical bond form? Explain in terms of attractions, repulsions and potential energy.
Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms that are both nonmetals form a bond. A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged electrons in each atom. Because the nuclei are both positively charged, they repel one another. Because they are both negatively charged, electrons repel each other.
Why do bonds have potential energy?A chemical bond can be compared to an attractive force between atoms. As a result, atoms and molecules have chemical potential energy.
Attraction is a force that exists between two or more dissimilar or opposing charges. Two charges with dissimilar properties attract each other. Repulsion is a force that exists between two or more charges that are similar or like. Two charges with similar characteristics repel each other.
Thus, When atoms are bonded to other atoms, their potential energy is lower than when they are separated.
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A container containing 5.00L of a gas is collected at 100K and then allowed to expand to 20.0 L. What must the new temperature be in Celsius in order to maintain the same pressure? (3 sig figs for answer)
30 points
The new temperature of the gas is 400 K.
What is the new temperature of the gas?We have to remind ourselves of the Charles law. The Charles law states that, the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to the temperature as long as the pressure have been held as constnat.
In the case of the problem that we have here, we can be able to write that;
Initial temperature (T1 ) = 100 K
Initial volume V1 = 5 L
Final temperature T2= ?
Final volume V2 = 20 L
V1/T1 = V2/T2
V1T2 = V2T1
T2 = V2T1/V1
T2 = 20 L * 100 K/5 L
T2 = 400 K
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A motorcycle emits 9.5 g of carbon monoxide per kilometer driven. How many pounds of carbon monoxide does the motorcycle generate over 5.0 years if the motorcycle is driven 15,000 miles per year?
Question options:
A) 2.3 × 104 lb CO
B) 2.5 × 103 lb CO
C) 8.9 × 101 lb CO
D) 9.8 × 102 lb CO
The answer is A) 2.3 × 104 lb CO.
Per mile ridden, the motorcycle emits carbon monoxide(CO)e, we must first change the distance from miles to kilometers. Since 1 kilometer equals 0.621371 miles, 15,000 miles equal 24140.25 km.
The entire amount of CO created can now be calculated by multiplying the emission rate by the distance traveled.
2.28 104 g CO is equal to 9.5 g CO/km * 24140.25 km.
The options in the question are in pounds, thus we must first convert this number to pounds.
If 1 lb is equal to 453.59 g, then 5.03 g CO per 453.59 g/lb equals 2.28 g 104 g CO.
We can state that the result will be 2.3 x 104 pounds of CO by rounding up.
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2. What is one advantage to using scientific notation? What is one disadvantage?
What is a chemical reaction system?(1 point) Responses everything outside the reaction everything outside the reaction a diagram used to show energy changes in a reaction a diagram used to show energy changes in a reaction the reactants and products in a reaction the reactants and products in a reaction a container in which chemical reactions take place a container in which chemical reactions take place
Answer:
the reactants and products in a reaction
Explanation:
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When smelling too many intense smells, it can become
difficult to tell the difference between odors.
true or false ?
The given statement that "When smelling too many intense smells, it can become difficult to tell the difference between odors." is TRUE.
How does this happen?
When you are exposed to strong or intense odors for a prolonged period, it can overstimulate your sense of smell and make it difficult to distinguish between different scents.
This phenomenon is called olfactory fatigue or adaptation. It occurs because the nerve receptors in your nose become less sensitive to the odor after continuous exposure, making it harder to detect subtle differences in smell.
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3. How much white soft paraffin and zinc oxide is required to make 300g of the product? Rx Zinc oxide...12% Salicylic acid...1% Starch...15% White soft paraffin q.s to 100%
White soft paraffin is used as a barrier cream, forming an oil layer on the skin's surface to prevent water from evaporating.
Define zinc oxide?
Zinc oxide is a topical medication used to treat or prevent minor skin irritations such as burns, cuts, and diaper rash. Some items can be used as sunscreen.
Zinc Oxide which is also known as Calamine or Zinc White is an inorganic compound. It basically occurs naturally as the mineral zincite. It is mostly manufactured synthetically.
Zinc oxide powders are commonly found in foot powders and makeup. It is also used as an ointment in diaper rash and sun protection products.
Zinc oxide is a sunscreen ingredient derived from minerals. Zinc oxide is ideal for both daily and intense sun exposure due to its ability to block the broadest spectrum of UV light. It protects against both UVA and UVB rays.
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Classify the following statements as describing atoms, molecules, or both. drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
Mg and S are atoms, H₂ and SO₃ are molecules and HBr is a molecule.
The smallest component of ordinary stuff that makes up a chemical element is an atom. On the periodic table, they are listed.
An electrically neutral collection of two or more atoms bonded together by chemical bonds is referred to as a molecule.
Mg and SBoth sulfur and magnesium are atoms, and we can both find them on the periodic table.
H₂ and SO₃H₂, a molecule made up of two hydrogen atoms. A molecule known as SO₃ has one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms.
HBr is A molecule made up of one hydrogen and one bromine atom is called HBr.Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was
Classify the following statements as describing atoms, molecules, or both. drag the appropriate items to their respective bins. a. Mg S b. H2 SO3 c. HBr
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What do the organisms in each tropic level eat?
The collection of species in an ecosystem that are at the same level in the food chain is referred to as a trophic level. A food chain has five basic trophic levels, each of which has a different nutritional connection to the main energy source.
Based on their eating habits, organisms in a chain are divided into various stages or trophic levels.
The producers, or green plants, are found on the first and lowest level. The organisms in this trophic level consume sunlight and water and nutrients as a means of food and nutrition.
The second-level creatures, or herbivores, or plant eaters, eat the plants or their products.
Primary carnivores, or meat eaters, consume herbivores in the third level.
Secondary carnivores consume primary carnivores at the fourth level. Since many creatures graze on many trophic levels, these classifications are rarely rigidly enforced.
For instance, certain omnivores—which are carnivores but sometimes occasionally ingest plant material or animal carcasses—are also herbivores.
A further trophic level called the decomposers or transformers is made up of creatures like bacteria and fungi that convert waste products and dead organisms into nutrients that the producers may use.
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check all the boxes that properly complete the statement: the purpose of ch202 is to... follow the content of the lecture course on a day-to-day basis. provide a lab grade the becomes a portion of the ch201 lecture course grade. keep students busy when they could be napping. conduct experiments involving quantitative aspects of chemistry. reinforce the content of ch201 with hands-on experience. familiarize students with calculations involving significant figures. introduce students to equipment for quantitative analysis and the techniques for using it. incorrect: your answer is incorrect.
The correct answers to the statement "The purpose of CH202 is to…" are:
Follow the content of the lecture course on a day-to-day basis.Provide a lab grade that becomes a portion of the CH201 lecture course grade.Reinforce the content of CH201 with hands-on experience.Familiarize students with calculations involving significant figures.Introduce students to equipment for quantitative analysis and the techniques for using it.CH202 is designed to help students reinforce the content of CH201 by providing hands-on experience with laboratory experiments and equipment. Through these activities, students learn more about the quantitative aspects of chemistry, such as calculations involving significant figures and the techniques for using equipment for quantitative analysis.
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a battery establishes a voltage v on a parallel-plate capacitor. after the battery is disconnected, the distance between the plates is doubled without loss of charge. match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer.
When a battery establishes a voltage V on a parallel-plate capacitor, the electric field between the capacitor plates is proportional to the voltage.
After the battery is disconnected, the distance between the plates is doubled without loss of charge, which means that the electric field between the plates is also doubled. This means that the electric potential difference between the plates is also doubled.
This means that the electric field between the plates is also doubled, which causes the electric potential difference between the plates to double as well.
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Construct an electron arrangement for mg m g by indicating how many electrons are in the first, second, and third energy levels.
The electron configuration of magnesium is shown by stating that there are 12 electrons in the first shell, 8 electrons in the second level, and 2 more electrons in the third level.
The atom contains electrons, which are negatively charged particles. The electrons in the atom revolve around the nucleus, which also contains protons and neutrons.
When there are electrons in an atom's orbital, it is said to have an electron arrangement. Electrons can also be found in the atom's various cells.
Since magnesium will occupy the first shell, there will be 12 electrons in Mg. It is still necessary to insert 12-2=10 electrons. The final two electrons and eight remaining electrons will both be in the n=2 level.
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Suppose a new element with an average atomic mass of 22.826 u is discovered on Mars. This element is composed of two
isotopes. The most abundant isotope has a natural abundance of 79.183% and an isotopic mass of 23.085 u.
Calculate the isotopic mass of the least abundant isotope.
isotopic mass:
u
Average Atomic Mass = (Mass of Isotope 1 x Fractional Abundance of Isotope 1) + (Mass of Isotope 2 x Fractional Abundance of Isotope 2) + ……
How can you figure out which isotope is the most abundant?To identify the most abundant isotopic form of an element, compare the provided isotopes to the periodic table’s weighted average. The three hydrogen isotopes (seen above) are, for example, H-1, H-2, and H-3. Hydrogen’s atomic mass, or weighted average, is around 1.008 amu ( look again at the periodic table).
Bromine (Br) has an atomic mass of 79.90. The primary isotopes are 79 and 81, which add up to the 79.90amu value. The 79 has 44 neutrons, while the 81 has 46. While it has no effect on the normal atomic mass, scientists have created bromine isotopes with masses ranging from 68 to 97.
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