Correlation coefficients are used to measure the relationship or association between two variables. When it comes to personnel selection, the correlation coefficient is used to determine the reliability of a personnel selection tool.
In this context, reliability refers to the consistency and stability of the tool in measuring what it is intended to measure. For example, if a personality test is designed to measure a particular trait, such as conscientiousness or agreeableness, a high correlation coefficient would indicate that the test is reliable in measuring that trait consistently over time and across different situations.
Similarly, if a selection tool, such as a cognitive ability test or a job simulation, is designed to predict job performance, a high correlation coefficient between the test scores and job performance would indicate that the tool is reliable in predicting job performance. In other words, the higher the correlation coefficient, the stronger the relationship between the two variables, and the more reliable the selection tool.
It is important to note, however, that correlation does not imply causation. A high correlation coefficient does not necessarily mean that the selection tool causes job performance, but rather that there is a consistent and stable relationship between the two variables. Therefore, it is important to use correlation coefficients in conjunction with other validity evidence, such as content validity and criterion-related validity, to make informed decisions about personnel selection tools.
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A hollow cast iron 5m long column with both ends fixed is required for support a load of 1000KN if the external diameter of the column is 250mm find its thickness take working stress as 80mpa and rankings constant as 1/1600
The required thickness of the cast iron column is approximately 16.8mm. we can use the formula for the buckling stress of a column:σ_critical = π^2 * E / (KL/r)^2
What is buckling Stress?
The abrupt change in shape (deformation) of a structural component under load, such as the bowing of a column under compression or the wrinkling of a plate under shear, is referred to as buckling in structural engineering.
To find the required thickness of the cast iron column, we can use the formula for the buckling stress of a column:
σ_critical = π^2 * E / (KL/r)^2
where σ_critical is the critical buckling stress, E is the modulus of elasticity of cast iron, K is the Rankine's constant (1/1600 for a fixed-fixed column), L = length of the column, and r = radius of the column.
The external diameter of the column is 250mm, so the radius is r = 250/2 = 125mm.
The modulus of elasticity for cast iron is around 200,000 N/mm^2.
We can then calculate the critical buckling stress:
σ_critical = π^2 * 200,000 / (1/1600 * 5000/125)^2
σ_critical = 80 N/mm^2
Since the working stress of the column is 80 N/mm^2, which is equal to the critical buckling stress, we can calculate the required thickness t using the formula for stress in a column:
σ = P / (π * r^2 / 4)
where P is the load on the column, and π * r^2 / 4 is the cross-sectional area of the column.
Given that the load on the column is 1000 KN, we can calculate the required thickness:
t = P * 4 / (π * r^2 * σ)
t = (1000 * 1000) * 4 / (π * 125^2 * 80)
t = 16.8 mm
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