Determine the number of neutrons in each of the following atoms given the mass number and atomic number. 1. An atom of oxygen with a mass number of 17 and an atomic number of 8 has a total of 9 neutrons. 2. An atom of aluminum with a mass number of 24 and an atomic number of 13 has a total of 11 neutrons. 3. An atom of phosphorous with a mass number of 31 and an atomic number of 15 has a total of 16 neutrons. 4. An atom of potassium with a mass number of 39 and an atomic number of 19 has a total of 20 neutrons. 5. An atom of fluorine with a mass number of 19 and an atomic number of 9 has a total of 10 neutrons.

The name of each compound is:

An ether molecule consists of two hydrocarbon groups connected by an oxygen atom. This type of molecule is an organic compound which is characterized by its low boiling and melting points, and its low solubility in water. Ether molecules are widely used in organic synthesis and as solvents.

These molecules are highly flammable and can be explosive when mixed with air. They are also highly volatile, meaning that they can easily evaporate into the atmosphere and can be difficult to contain. Because of these properties, ether molecules are often used as a fuel in small engines and rockets.

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Trapping carbon dioxide inside will make the inner field cool because the heat energy absorbed by carbon dioxide is not available inside.

Green gases are gases which are capable of intense absorption of heat energy that is radiating out from the earth surface. Therefore, the heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere itself and make the surroundings warmer.

The presence of green house gases will raise global warming which in turn affects the ecosystems worsely and melts the snow in polar regions. A building with walls capable of trapping these gases and locked there make the inner part cooler are called green houses.

Thus, the unavailability of carbons dioxide affect the biome there especially for plants because, in the absence of carbon dioxide, photosynthesis does not takes place.

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1 kPa is equal to 0.145038 PSI. Pascal or kilopascal, as well as in many other units including torr, atmosphere, and bar.

A gas’s pressure can be represented in the SI units of pascal or kilopascal, as well as many other units such as torr, atmosphere, and bar. A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure; other gas pressures can be measured with one of various types of manometers.

Millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) is the most often used pressure unit. Pressure is commonly measured in atmospheres. One atmosphere of pressure (atm) is equal to 760 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Pressure is represented in SI in derived units called pascals. At a temperature of 60 degrees Fahrenheit and an atmospheric pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch, gas is frequently measured in cubic feet. Production of natural gas

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The percentage by mass of each metal in the jewelry is given as :

The percentage by mass of gold is : (mass of gold / total mass of jewelry) x 100% = (10.65 g / 7.74 g) x 100% = 137.5%

and the percentage by mass of copper is : (mass of copper / total mass of jewelry) x 100% = (4.91 g / 7.74 g) x 100% = 63.5%

Question 2

The piece of red gold jewelry has a purity of : (137.5%) x 24 = 33 carats

percentage by mass is described as a way of expressing a concentration or describing the component in a particular mixture.

We know that the piece of red gold jewelry contains 137.5% gold and 63.5% copper by mass.

To calculate the carats, we will use the formula:

carats = (percentage of gold in alloy) x 24

Therefor, the piece of red gold jewelry has a purity of : (137.5%) x 24 = 33 carats.

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Photosynthesis will be greatest at 30% light intensity according to the graph.

Light intensity affects photosynthesis by providing the energy needed for the process to occur. At low light intensities, photosynthesis proceeds at a slower rate, while at higher light intensities, photosynthesis proceeds at a faster rate. At 30% increase, rate of photosynthesis will increase.

However, if the light intensity is too high, it can damage or kill the plant, as it can cause the temperature inside the leaf to rise, leading to thermal stress. This can lead to a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis, or even a complete cessation of the process.

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Answer:

The initial temperature of the carbon graphite before it was added to the water was 31.69°C.

Explanation:

To calculate the initial temperature, we need to use the formula for heat:

Heat = Specific heat capacity x mass x change in temperature

The heat absorbed by the water is:

Heat absorbed by water = 4.18 J/g°C x 60 g x (24°C - 20°C) = 10,212.8 J

The heat absorbed by the carbon graphite is:

Heat absorbed by carbon graphite = 0.709 J/g°C x 20 g x (Tinitial - 20°C) = 1418.Tinitial - 28360

Since heat is conserved, the heat absorbed by the carbon graphite is equal to the heat absorbed by the water:

1418.Tinitial - 28360 = 10,212.8 J

Tinitial = (10,212.8 + 28360) / 1418 = 31.69°C

The initial temperature of the carbon graphite before it was added to the water was 31.69°C.

The statement that describes the property of pure water is that water can hold many molecules in solution. That is option E.

Water molecule is a chemical compound that is made up of elements such as oxygen and hydrogen which are chemically combined together.

The physical and chemical properties of water include the following:

Water can hold many molecules in solution because they have high polarity.

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Considering the definition of Avogadro's Number, while cooking you burn 5×10²⁶ atoms of carbon, you burned 830.15 moles of carbon.

Avogadro's number refers to the number of elementary entities (ie, atoms, electrons, ions, molecules) that exist in one mole of any substance.

Avogadro's number is currently defined as the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12 and its known approximate value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole.

You can apply the following rule of three: if 6.023×10²³ atoms are contained in 1 mole of carbon, then 5×10²⁶ atoms are contained in how many moles of carbon?

amount of moles of carbon= (5×10²⁶ atoms × 1 mole)÷ 6.023×10²³ atoms

amount of moles of carbon= 830.15 moles

Finally, you burned 830.15 moles of carbon.

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Answer:

Non-aromatic

Explanation:

The compound clearly is not cyclic, thus can not be considered amongst compounds that are aromatic or semi-aromatic.
Hence, it should be non-aromatic.

The freezing point depression of an aqueous solution is directly proportional to the concentration of solute particles. This relationship is described by the equation:

ΔTf = Kf x molality

where ΔTf is the change in freezing point, Kf is the freezing point depression constant for water, and molality is the concentration of solute particles in the solution.

The Van't Hoff factor (i) is the ratio of the number of solute particles in a solution to the number of solute particles in an ideal solution. In this case, the Van't Hoff factor can be calculated using the freezing point depression:

i = (ΔTf / (Kf x molality)) + 1

Given that the freezing point of the solution is -2.90 °C, the freezing point depression constant for water is 1.86 °C/m, and the molality of the solution is (mass of solute / mass of solvent) = (0.590 g / 1000 g) = 0.00059 m, we can calculate the Van't Hoff factor as:

i = (-2.90 / (1.86 x 0.00059)) + 1

i = 3

So, the Van't Hoff factor for this solution is 3, which means that for each solute particle in the solution, there are 3 solute particles in an ideal solution.

At a given temperature, solubility is the maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent. Temperature and pressure are two direct factors that influence solubility. Temperature influences the solubility of both solids and gases, whereas pressure influences only the solubility of gases.

Polar molecules primarily attract water molecules via hydrogen bonding. They successfully compete with hydrogen bonds between water molecules, making them easily soluble in water.

Because nonpolar molecules lack regions of partial positive or partial negative charge, they are not electrostatically attracted to water molecules. When nonpolar substances are added to water, they remain separate and form layers or droplets rather than dissolving.

Thus, If molecules are non-polar, this means there are no dipoles or entire charges on the atoms in the compound.

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Answer: A) The amount of air in a room never changes.

It is a state of balance between opposing forces or actions that is either static (as in a body acted on by forces whose resultant is zero) or dynamic (as in a reversible chemical reaction when the rates of reaction in both directions are equal).

Economic equilibrium is a condition or state in which economic forces are balanced. In effect, economic variables remain unchanged from their equilibrium values in the absence of external influences.

a) The amount of air in a room never changes: the amount of air does not change as the amount of air leaving the room is same as that of the air entering the room and hence the  reaction is in equilibrium.

b) The amount of water in a cup decreases as it evaporates: The amount of water is decreasing that means the reaction is taking place in one direction and hence the reaction is not in equilibrium.

c) The percentage of nitrogen gas in a room decreases steadily: the amount decreases that means the reaction is taking place in one direction and hence the reaction is not in equilibrium.

d) A blade of grass grows taller : the plant gets taller that means the reaction is taking place in one direction and hence the reaction is not in equilibrium

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The volume of the gas at 40 degrees C, given that it's volume was 60 L at 301.5 K is 62.3 L

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Using Charles' law equation, we can obtain the volume of the gas at 40 degrees C as illustrated below:

V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂

60 / 301.5 = V₂ / 313

Cross multiply

301.5 × V₂ = 60 × 313

301.5 × V₂ = 18780

Divide both side by 301.5

V₂ = 18780 / 301.5

V₂ = 62.3 L

Thus, we can conclude from the above calculation that the new volume of the gas is 62.3 L

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The new volume of the gas is 62.3 L.

We have to use the Charles law here. In this law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in kelvins), provided that the pressure and number of moles of the gas remain constant. It can be expressed as: V/T = k, where V is the volume, T is the temperature in kelvins, and k is a constant.

We have that;

V1/T1 = V2/T2

V1 = initial volume]

V2 = final volume

T1 = initial temperature

T2 = final temperature

Then;

V1T2 = V2T1

V 2 = V1T2 /T1

V2 = 60 * 313/301.5

V2 = 62.3 L

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In a molecule or covalent bonding, elements having Octet electrons to obtain the stability with eight electrons.

One element that does not follow the octet rule is hydrogen. For stability only require stable electrons.

A molecule can present covalent bond but can be chemical.

Covalent bonding is a type of chemical bonding that occurs when two or more atoms share electrons in order to form a strong bond between them. This type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons in a way that gives each atom a full outer shell of electrons, known as the octet rule. This means that all atoms in the bond must have a total of eight electrons in their outermost shell. The atoms involved in a covalent bond form a molecule, which is held together by the shared electrons.

The octet rule is a guideline that states that atoms will bond in a way that allows them to have a full outer shell of electrons. This means that they must share electrons in order to reach a total of eight electrons in their outermost shell. The sharing of electrons creates a strong bond between the atoms that form a molecule. The sharing of electrons also results in the creation of a covalent bond.

However, not all elements follow the octet rule. For example, hydrogen only requires two electrons to reach a stable state, so it does not need to share electrons in order to reach the octet rule. Therefore, a hydrogen molecule will not have a covalent bond.

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Answer:

The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed before the other reactant(s) in a chemical reaction. To find the limiting reactant, we need to find how much product is formed from each reactant, and then compare which reactant forms the least amount of product.

The balanced equation for the reaction is 4H2O+7CO2---> C7H8+9O2

From the given data, we have 50g of H2O and 250g of CO2.

We can calculate the limiting reactant by using the stoichiometry of the equation.

The stoichiometry is the relationship between the amount of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.

From the balanced equation, we know that 4 moles of H2O and 7 moles of CO2 are needed to produce 1 mole of C7H8 and 9 moles of O2.

From the data we have, 50g of H2O is equivalent to 2.86 moles H2O.

And 250g of CO2 is equivalent to 5.36 moles of CO2.

Now, using the balanced equation, we can calculate the amount of product that forms from each reactant:

From 2.86 moles of H2O: 2.86 moles H2O * (1 mole C7H8 / 4 moles H2O) = 0.715 moles C7H8

From 5.36 moles of CO2: 5.36 moles CO2 * (1 mole C7H8 / 7 moles CO2) = 0.766 moles C7H8

As we can see, the CO2 is the limiting reactant because it forms less product than H2O.

The amount of excess reactant is the amount of the reactant that is not used up in the reaction, we can calculate this by subtracting the amount of product that forms from the limiting reactant from the initial amount of the reactant.

Excess reactant of H2O is 50g - (0.715 moles * 18.02g/mol) = 37.5g

Excess reactant of CO2 is 250g - (0.766 moles * 44.01g/mol) = 191g

So, the limiting reactant is CO2 and there is 191g of excess CO2 leftover.

Explanation: In a chemical reaction, the limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed before the other reactant(s) run out. The limiting reactant determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant present.

The moles of H2O: 50g/18g/mol = 2.778 moles

The moles of CO2: 250g/44g/mol = 5.68 moles

Next, we can use the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation to find the number of moles of each reactant required to react with each other.

The number of moles of H2O required: 4 moles H2O / 4 moles H2O/1 mole C7H8 = 1 mole C7H8

The number of moles of CO2 required: 7 moles CO2 / 1 mole C7H8 = 7 moles CO2

From the above we can see that H2O is the limiting reactant since it is consumed before the CO2.

To calculate the excess reactant, we subtract the number of moles of the limiting reactant from the number of moles of the other reactant.

The excess moles of CO2 = 5.68 moles - 1 mole = 4.68 moles

The excess moles of H2O = 0 moles (since H2O is limiting reactant)

The mass of the excess CO2 = 4.68 moles x 44 g/mol = 205.12 g

So, CO2 is the excess reactant and 205.12 g of CO2 is leftover.

Answer:

313.52 pm

Explanation:

Perhaps you should check your working:

[tex]\frac{1 * 154}{2 * 0.2456}[/tex]

≈ 313.52

(I have used a calculator lol, my arithmetic skills are terrible when I am not dealing with numbers in scientific notations)

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

0.139

Explanation:

Explanation:

square pyramidal

T-shaped

octahedral

Answer:

The total mass of all substances and the total number of atoms of each element will always be the same before and after a chemical reaction, this is based on the Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Conservation of atoms. This law states that in any chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products and the number of atoms of each element is conserved.

A 12.6g piece of metal is heated at 287 degrees Celsius and dropped into 86.0g of water at 26.0 degrees celcius. the metal and water come to the same temperature at 57.7 degrees celcius. Therefore, the specific heat of the metal is 0.43J/gK.

The quantity of heat energy needed to increase a substance's temperature per unit of mass is known as specific heat capacity. A material's specific heat capacity is a physical characteristic.

Because its value is inversely correlated with the magnitude of the system under study, it is also an illustration of an extended feature.

Heat lost by the metal = Heat gained by the water and colorimeter system

mCΔT=(M+m)CT

12.6g ×C×110=(150+25)×4.186×13

C=(175×4.186×13)/(110×200)=0.43J/gK

Therefore, the specific heat of the metal is 0.43J/gK.

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III. A neutral atom always has the same number of neutrons and electrons.[TRUE]

One of the particles that make up the atomic nucleus is the neutron. The atom itself is a basic unit of matter consisting of an atomic nucleus and an electron cloud. Electrons are the part of the atom that is negatively charged.

While the part of the atom that is positively charged is the proton. One of the particles that make up the atomic nucleus is the proton. Protons aren't the only particles that make up the atomic nucleus. In addition to protons, the particles that make up the atomic nucleus are neutrons which are neutral.

In other words, the particles that make up the atomic nucleus are protons and neutrons. However, not every atom has a neutron particle as one of the particles that make it up. Hydrogen-1 atomic nucleus, no neutrons in it.

From this explanation it can be seen that the atom is a material composed of electrons and atomic nuclei. While the particles that make up the atomic nucleus are protons and neutrons.

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Answer:

Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2NaCl(aq) → PbCl₂(s)↓ + 2NaNO₃(aq)

Explanation:

The precipitate formed is PbCl₂, which contains lead in it
∴ Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2NaCl(aq) → PbCl₂(s)↓ + 2NaNO₃(aq)

Answer:

4.5 x 10^23 formula units of KMnO4 contains 4.5 x 10^23 x (1 K + 1 Mn + 4 O) = 4.5 x 10^23 x 6 = 2.7 x 10^24 atoms.

Each functional group has a particular set of chemical properties that it to be identified.

The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a known quantity of solvent at a certain temperature is its solubility.

The solubility of the compound is determined as the concentration of unionized compound in solution when the measured pH slope is interpolated to zero.

These properties can be demonstrated by observing solubility behavior, while others can be in chemical reactions that are accompanied by color changes, precipitation formation, or other visible affects.

According to the presence of their functional group, organic compounds can be classified in different families and class.

The types of compounds soluble in a particular solvent are summarized on the following:

Water Soluble Compounds

5% Sodium Hydroxide Soluble Compounds

5% Sodium Bicarbonate Soluble Compounds

5% Hydrochloric Acid Soluble Compounds

96% Sulfuric Acid Soluble Compounds

Solubility of Amphoteric Compounds

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Answer:

27800

Explanation:

1litre =1000cm3

27.8 ×1000

=27800cm3

b. Steps #2 and #3

Step #1: Blowing up a balloon is not necessary to charge the objects, as it does not involve any rubbing or contact with other materials.

Step #2: Rubbing the balloon against your hair is necessary to charge the balloon.

Step #3: Rubbing a plastic fork against your hair is necessary to charge the fork.

Step #4: Bringing the two objects together and observing what happens is not necessary to charge the objects, but it is necessary to observe the effects of the charges on the objects.

Answer:

5.67 cm^2

Explanation:

The melting of the candle wax and the burning of the candle wick are physical changes, as the molecules of the wax and wick have been rearranged and heated but their chemical composition has not changed.

The glass jar getting hot and the soot being deposited on the inside of the jar are both chemical changes, as the molecules of the glass and the soot have been chemically altered.

Chemical changes occur when a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, resulting in the formation of new substances.

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The alcohols, amides, and thiols are usually the functional groups of side chains. These are acidic or basic amino acids. The side chains contain heteroatoms that are capable of forming permanent dipoles within the R-group

The naturally-occurring amino acids contain an e alpha-carbon, an amino, carboxylic acid, and an R group. The R group side chains may be either nonpolar, polar and uncharged, or charged, depending on the functional group, the pH.

Others contain polar uncharged functional groups such as alcohols, amides, and thiols. A few amino acids are basic or acidic (carboxylic acid functional groups).

The side chains contain heteroatoms (O, S, or N) that are capable of forming permanent dipoles within the R-group.

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