Draw a valid lewis structure for methane, ch4. What is the formal charge on the carbon atom?.

The correct sequence of ideas that led to the current model of the atom is as follows:

1. Dalton developed the theory that all matter is made of atoms.  

2. Thomson discovered that atoms contain electrons.

3. Rutherford discovered that atoms have a nucleus.

4. Bohr developed the model in which electrons orbit the nucleus.

5. Schrödinger developed the electron cloud model of the atom.

An atom is the smallest unit of a chemical element that can take part in a chemical reaction.

The atomic theory of matter is the theory that all matter is composed of atoms.

Atoms are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons.

Several scientists contributed ideas that led to the current model of the atom. These scientists include:

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Complete question:

Order the sequence of ideas that led to the current model of the atom. Place a number in front of each event to show the correct order.

Rutherford discovered that atoms have a nucleus.

Dalton developed the theory that all matter is made of atoms.

Schrödinger developed the electron cloud model of the atom.

Bohr developed the model in which electrons orbit the nucleus.

Thomson discovered that atoms contain electrons.

Answer:

The least reactive metals would be Platinum, Gold, Palladium, Osmium and Silver and in the decreasing order.

Of the following elements: Fluorine, Rubidium, Cesium, and Gold  is the LEAST reactive:

Gold

Answer:

There are two primary hair removal methods with electrolysis: galvanic and thermolytic. Galvanic hair removal chemically destroys the hair follicle. Thermolytic removal uses heat to destroy the follicle.

Explanation:

The pH of 10 g dm -3 HCL​ is 3. The pH scale determines how acidic or basic water is. The range is 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality.

Acidity is indicated by pH values below 7, whereas baseness is shown by pH values above 7. In reality, pH is a measurement of the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in water.

Hydrogen potentials are what PH stands for. It speaks of how many hydrogen ions are present in a solution. This serves as a gauge for the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. On a pH scale, the pH value ranges from 0 to 14.

A solution's pH is a significant indicator of its chemical composition. The pH may affect how readily available nutrients are, how biological processes work, how bacteria behave, and how chemicals behave.

[ H⁺ ] = 10 − 3 M,

pH = − log [ 10 − 3 ],

pH = 3.

Thus, The pH of 10 g dm -3 HCL​ is 3.

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The three samples of an ideal gas, all at the same temperature, occupy identical containers with the same volume. the particle mass is proportional to the  size of particles.  the gas samples has the greatest pressure is in which has greater no. of moles.

The equation for an  ideal gas given as :

P V = n RT

where,

P = pressure

V = volumes in L

T = temperature at K

n = moles

R = 0.082 L atm / mol K = gas constant

since volume and temperature are constant , then :

P = n

therefore greater the number of moles , greater will be the pressure.

Thus, The three samples of an ideal gas, all at the same temperature, occupy identical containers with the same volume. the mass of the particle is proportional to its size.  the gas samples has the greatest pressure is in which has greater no. of moles.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Ionic bonds form between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms. Electron transfer produces negative ions called anions and positive ions called cations. These ions attract each other.

Explanation: An ionic bond is formed because sodium is a part of the Alkali metals and Oxygen is a non-metal and a gas. 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O (s) OR Na + O2 → NaO2 (s).

Answer:

Explanation:

Ionic bonds form between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms. Electron transfer produces negative ions called anions and positive ions called cations. These ions attract each other.

A nucleoside triphosphate containing a 5-carbon deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous base thymine would be called a thymidine monophosphate.

Nucleotides are comprised of three components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. Each of these elements is referred to as an "n" (nucleotide), so when we combine them all together, we get nucleotides like dATP and dTTP.

Thymidine is the name of the parent nucleotide from which derivative nucleotides are made. Thymidine monophosphate contains thymine and a phosphate group, which makes it different from other nucleotides. In this case, it has one phosphate group attached to its 5-carbon deoxyribose sugar, which is also called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

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The volume of 0.250 m sulfuric acid necessary to react completely with 74.3 g sodium hydroxide is 3.7 L.

The chemical reaction of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide is given as below:

H2SO4 + 2NaOH ------- Na2SO4 + 2H2O

From above, we noticed that, one mole of sulfuric acid react with two moles of sulfuric acid.

Therefore, firstly we convert grams of sulfuric acid into moles.

As we know that, molar mass of sodium hydroxide is 40 g.

It is defined as the given mass to the molar mass of substance.

Mathematically,

Moles = Given mass / molar mass

Given mass of sulfuric acid = 74.3 g

By substituting all the values, we get

Moles = 74.3 / 40

= 1.85 mol

So, 1/2 moles of sulfuric acid one moles of sodium hydroxide.

Or, 1.85 moles of sodium hydroxide react with 1/2 × (1.85) moles of sulfuric acid.

1.85 moles of sodium hydroxide react with 0.925 moles of sulfuric acid.

Now,

Concentration of sulfuric acid = 0.250 M

Moles of sulfuric acid = 0.925 mol

C = m/ V

V = m/ C

= 0.925/ 0.250 = 3.7 L

Thus, we concluded that the volume of 0.250 m sulfuric acid necessary to react completely with 74.3 g sodium hydroxide is 3.7 L.

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It  is true about free radicals. a. they are unstable and highly reactive molecules.

Hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl ions are two examples of oxygen-containing molecules with an unbalanced number of electrons. The unequal distribution of electrons makes it simple for them to interact with other molecules. To combat free radicals, use antioxidants. Heart disease and cancer are caused by free radicals. an unstable molecule type produced by typical cell metabolism The physiological metabolism produces some of these reactive molecule species (RMS), also known as "Hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl ions are two examples of oxygen-containing molecules with an unbalanced number of electrons. The unequal distribution of electrons makes it simple for them to interact with other molecules. To combat free radicals, use antioxidants. Heart disease and cancer are caused by free radicals. an unstable molecule type produced by typical cell metabolism The physiological metabolism produces some of these reactive molecules species (RMS), also known as "free radicals" or "oxidants." Cell compartments and cells are hurt or destroyed when RMS concentrations go above a certain free radicals" or "oxidants." Cell compartments and cells are hurt or destroyed when RMS concentrations go above a certain point. These reactive molecules species (RMS), also known as "free radicals" or "oxidants," are a by-product of some physiological processes.

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When one puts food coloring into water, the water will turn the color of the food coloring. Also, when you leave a cut apple out, it will change to a brown color. The options that indicate a chemical reaction are:

In the case of A, chemically speaking, the nature of the water has been altered. It is now a mixture, not water. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that can be easily separated.

In the case of B, the process that has taken place is called Oxidation.

Redox reactions occur when the oxidation states of the substrate change. The loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of a chemical or atoms within it is referred to as oxidation. Reduction is the addition of electrons or a reduction in the oxidation state of a chemical or its atoms.

Decomposition Reaction is one of the several forms of redox reactions.

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Since 2 2.60 PPM singlet was seen for the /C-CH, Proton, and IHNMR data clearly showed the presence of acetophenone. IHNMR chemical with a multiplicity of 2.60 PPM is singlet, and there are 3 photons in total.

IHNMR chemical with a multiplicity of multiple number of photons of 7.49 to 7.45 PPM and a Proton number of 1. acetophenone number of photons in an IHNMR chemical with a multiplicity of 7.60 - 7.55PPM is multilaterally 2. IHNMR Chemical of multiplicity 7:98 - 7.94 PPM is multiplet no. of Proton is 2. So, Acetophenone chemical will be administered. Only one at proton comparatively shielded opposition and miter will give multiple in the benzene ring according to the IHNMR value of one singlet observed at 2–6 1 PPM. OxfordCryosystems.

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The volume of the solution that would result by diluting 0.1M solution to 0.05M is 100ml.

The molarity of the substance is defined as the number of moles of solute per unit volume of solution in liters.

Hence, if we can write,

Molarity = moles/volume

Moles = molarity x volume

Moles are always constant, so,

initial molarity x initial volume = final molarity x final volume

The initial volume is 50ml and initial molarity is 0.1M, after diluting, the final molarity is 0.05M.

Putting values,

50 x 0.1 = Volume of NaOH after dilution x 0.05

Volume of NaOH after dilution = 100 ml.

So, the volume of the resulting solution after dilution is 100ml.

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To understand the connection between free energy and the equilibrium constant. The sign of a chemical reaction's standard free energy change G° determines whether the reaction will tend to proceed forward or backward. Similarly, the relative signs of G° and S° determine whether or not temperature affects the spontaneity of a chemical reaction, and if so, how much.

G is only relevant for changes where the temperature and pressure remain constant. Most laboratory reactions are performed under these conditions; the system is usually open to the atmosphere (constant pressure), and the process begins and ends at room temperature (after any heat we have added or which is liberated by the reaction has dissipated.)

The Gibbs function is crucial because it is the single master variable that determines whether a given chemical change is thermodynamically possible.

Thus, if the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products, the entropy of the world will increase when the reaction occurs as written, and the reaction will tend to occur spontaneously. In contrast, if the free energy of the products exceeds that of the reactants, the reaction will tend to proceed in the opposite direction rather than the one specified.

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The hydronium-ion concentration of the solution containing 0.0085 M Ba(OH)₂ is 0.017M and the hydroxide-ion concentration of the solution containing 0.0085 M Ba(OH)₂ is 5.88 × 10⁻¹³ M.

Given,

Ba(OH)₂ = 5.88 × 10⁻¹³ M

Dissociation of Ba(OH)₂ is given as :

Ba(OH)₂ → Ba²⁺ + OH⁻

Balanced equation:

Ba(OH)₂ → Ba²⁺ + 2OH⁻

As 1 mole of barium hydroxide produces 2 moles of hydroxide ions, so the concentration of hydroxide ion is,

[OH⁻] = 2 × [Ba(OH)₂]

[OH⁻] = 2 × 0.0085 M

[OH⁻] = 0.017 M

The concentration of hydronium ion is as follows:

[H₃O⁺] = Kw / [OH⁻]

∴ Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴

[H₃O⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ / 0.017

⇒ [H₃O⁺] = 5.88 × 10 ⁻¹³

Hence, the hydronium-ion and the hydroxide-ion concentration of the solution containing 0.0085 M Ba(OH)₂ at 25°C are 5.88 × 10 ⁻¹³ and 0.017 M respectively.

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A buffer can not be made from  a strong acid and a salt.

We know that the term buffer has to do with the type of solution that we use to prevent any kind of change in the acidity or the alkalinity of a solution. In order words, the buffer is the type of solution that is used to prevent a change in the pH of the system.

Unfortunately, there can not be a buffer that is made from a strong acid and a strong base. Rather we can only have a buffer that is made from a weak acid and its salt  or a buffer that is made from a weak base and its salt.

Since HCl is  a strong acid and NaCl is a salt of  strong acid, it then follows that the combination of HCl and NaCl can never be used as a buffer.

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The alternative method to collect the gas and measure the volume is by a gas syringe.

What is a gas syringe?

Gas syringe is an equipment used to pump or withdraw gas from a closed container and can measure the volume of the gas produced in any chemical reaction.

The volume of the gas produced can be measured by reading the measuring scale on the gas syringe when the plunger moves in a gas syringe.

Hence, gas syringe is an alternative method to collect and measure the volume of the gas in a chemical reaction.

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A solution of 1.52 g of NH4SCN in 100 g of water in a calorimeter decreased in temperature by 3.1 °C when 3.15 g of Ba(OH)28H2O was added. Calculate the approximate amount of heat absorbed by the reaction using the following equation, assuming the specific heat of the solution and products is 4.20 J/g °C:

Ba(OH)2 + 8H2O + 2NH4SCN = 10H2O + Ba(SCN)2(aq), 2NH3(aq), and (l)

A material in one state is transferred into another substance in a different state through the process of absorption in chemistry (e.g., gases being absorbed by a liquid or liquids being absorbed by a solid).

The process of absorption is how the blood takes in the byproducts of digestion so that it can supply the rest of the body. The mucous membrane allows for the passage of the digested materials into the blood or lymph during absorption. The following mechanisms allow for absorption. basic diffusion

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14:1 (delta 11) denotes the presence of a single double bond at carbon 11, starting at the carboxyl terminus, in the fatty acid.

How is omega-3 created?

The chloroplasts of plants, including grass, leaves, green algae, and other plants, produce omega-3s. Fish, animals, and humans are unable to make omega-3s on their own. Instead, they obtain them from this vegetation.

Explanation:

With the exception of steroids, fatty acids are carboxylic acids that provide the structural foundation of fats, oils, and all other types of lipids. More than 70 have been found in the natural world. They are typically unbranched, have an even number of carbon atoms, and can be divided into groups based on the existence and quantity of carbon-to-carbon double bonds.

14:1 (delta 11) denotes the presence of a single double bond at carbon 11, starting at the carboxyl terminus, in the fatty acid.

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The ratio :14 (delta 11) inside the fatty acid indicates a lone double bond at carbon 11, starting at the 3'-end.

In their chloroplasts, plants such as grasses, leaves, cyanobacteria, and other flora all produce omega-3 fatty acids. Fish, animals, or humans cannot create omega-3s on their own. Instead, they get them from this facility.

Fatty acids, which are naturally acidic, are the components of oils, oils, and other lipids as well as the legos of steroids. The natural world has more than 70 that have been discovered. They can be classified into categories based on the number and amount of coal single bonds, and are often spindle-shaped.

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The the the molarity of na in the saline solution of nacl in the saline solution was 0.077 M.

Molar concentration is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, especially of a solute in a solution, in terms of the amount of substance according to the unit quantity of the solution. In chemistry, the most normally used unit for molarity is the variety of moles according to liter, having the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm³ in the SI unit.

Calculation:-

0.45% NaCl by mass

Density = 1.005 g/ml

0.45g NaCl in a total mass of 100 g

100 g in ml = 100/1.005 mL

                  = 99.50 ml

0.450 g NaCl in moles = 0.450 /M nacl

                                     = 0.450/58.44

                                     = 7.70 × 10⁻³ mol

Molarity of NaCl = 7.70 × 10⁻³ /99.50 × 100

                           = 0.077 M

Molarity (M) is the quantity of a substance in a sure volume of answer. Molarity is defined because the moles of a solute according to liters of a solution. Molarity is also called the molar awareness of a solution.

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if 100. ml of the solution in part 1 is concentrated by evaporation to give a final volume of 1.00 ml, the change in pH decreases by 2 pH increases by 2.

what is evaporation?

However, This procedure is therefore stated to include a shift in the liquids' condition of matter.

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The Correct answer is A) small, simple hydrocarbon molecules the following best summarizes the composition of hydrocarbon molecules in this outcrop of tar sand.

Crude oil, natural gas, and coal all contain hydrocarbons, which are organic molecules made of hydrogen and carbon. Humans have modified them to be utilized as an energy source, such as in the production of gasoline and jet fuel.

The simplest organic molecules, hydrocarbons are composed exclusively of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Fuel is the most significant application of hydrocarbons. Among the most widely used hydrocarbon fuels include gasoline, natural gas, fuel oil, diesel, jet fuel, coal, kerosene, and propane. Plastics and synthetic fabrics like polyester are made using hydrocarbons as well.

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The solute potential at 26 degrees Celsius of the molar concentration of a sugar solution in an open beaker has been determined to be 0.5m is -12.4 bar.

Solute potential can be calculated by using:

Ψ = -iCRT

As we know,

i = 1

C = 0.5 (mol/L).,

R = 0.0831 L·bars/mol·K

T = 299K

Ψ = - 0.5*0.0831*299 = - 12.4 bar

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The plates which borders the great philippine plate are the:

It follows that all the plates which have the sea Philippines plates bordered have one thing in common. They are all defined by means of convergent boundaries. In order words, the Pacific, Sunda and Eurasia plates border the philippine plate are produced by different plates which are converging towards each other in several directions.

In conclusion, we can now know that one of the major plates which borders the sea philippines plate is the Pacific plates.

Complete question:

Which plates borders the philippine plate?

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Sodium can combine with element "X" so that the chemical formula is Na₂X. element "X" be Sulphur and compound is Na₂S - sodium sulfide.

Ionic bond involves the attraction in positive charge , cation and negative charged anion . The charge of amount of atoms balance to become a neutral compound. Sodium is a metal and have tendency to donate electron and become Na⁺ and Sulphur is a non metal and have tendency to accept electron and form S²⁻. The both combine and for a ionic compound. the 2 negative charge of sulfur atom may be neutralize by 2 Na⁺ atom.

2Na⁺   +   S²⁻   ------>    Na₂S

Thus, Sodium can combine with element "X" so that the chemical formula is Na₂X. element "X" be Sulphur and compound is Na₂S - sodium sulfide.

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There are 14 valence electrons assigned to the n atom.as it forms  NH4CL lewis structure.

Lewis structure can be explained the bonding pair from the lone pair electrons.it shows non bonding electrons.hydrogen atom form one covalent bond.cl is anionic monoatomic ligand. H is a diatomic anionic ligand. Nitrogen is the least electronegative atom goes at the center.Hydrogen atoms always go on the outside of lewis structure.

In this, N has 5 valence electron.Hydrogen has 1 and cl has 7 valence electron.that gives total 14 valence electrons.cl has 3 lone pairs and n has a lone pair..

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Answer is Δs=0.3kJ/K

Since, the tank is insulated rigid tank, The process is constant volume process,

Air as perfect gas

Obtain the properties from the table. Consider th state 1. P=100kPa, T, = 15°C

s=6.830kJ/kg-K

v=0.827 m³/kg

Constant volume process,

Consider the state 2. T = 40°C, v, v = 0.827 m²/kg

5,6.890 kJ/kg-K

Calculate the change in entropy,

Δs=m(s, -s) =5(6.890-6.830)

Δs=0.3kJ/K

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When a sealed balloon containing Helium is squashed so its volume decreases, and no helium enters or leaves the balloon the density of the Helium in the balloon increases.

Note that the expression or equation for density is:

Density = Mass/ Volume

But we know that the mass of the Helium Atom is Constant.

Lets assume that is is 1,

Hence,

Density = 1/V

Hence, if V reduces, D increases creating an inverse relationship.

Note that the term density refers to how much space an item or substance occupies (its volume) in proportion to the amount of matter in that thing or substance (its mass). Density may also be defined as the quantity of mass per unit of volume.

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Enantioselective are reactions that generate products that are enriched in one enantiomer.

Enantiomers are pairs of molecules that exist in two forms that are mirror images of each other but are not superimposable. The enantiomers are chemically identical in all other respects. Enantiomeric pairs are distinguished by the direction in which they rotate polarized light when dissolved in solution, either dextrorotatory (d or +) or levorotatory (l or -). Hence the term optical isomer.

The enantioselectivity of a chromatography system is defined as the preferential interaction of one enantiomer with a chiral selector. It is usually determined as the ratio of the retention factors of the two enantiomers in a chiral chromatography or electrophoresis system.

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