Answer:
cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.
As a result of an action potential, AcH is released from the axon terminal and attaches to receptors on the motor end plate. Sodium rushes in the T-tubules and all the steps occur until the muscle contracts in the leg and carry out the command transported by the motor neuron. Which gray horn is the cell body of the motor neuron located? Infer and explain if this is a positive or negative feedback
1) The cell body of the motor neuron is located in the ventral or anterior horn of the grey matter. From there, it extends to the motor unit. 2) Contraction refers to negative feedback in which the body reacts when facing a stimulus.
What is the anatomy of the spinal cord?The spinal cord is mainly composed of grey matter and white matter. The second one covers the first one.
The grey matter transversal section is composed of posterior, lateral, and anterior horns, also known as dorsal, lateral, and ventral horns, respectively.
Each type of horn contains a type of neuron.
In the posterior/dorsal horns, we can find sensory neurons that provide sensory information.In the thoracic area, we can find lateral horns with visceral motor neurons.
In the anterior/ventral horns, we can find motor neurons that extend to the skeletal muscle, which is the motor unit, to produce movement.
The motor neuron from the exposed example is located in the anterior or ventral gray horn.
This example refers to negative feedback because the neurotransmitter release causes a cascade effect that ends in muscle contraction, tending to suppress or counter the original stimuli.
Any change that might occur in the internal functioning will be countered by negative feedback to maintain homeostasis.
Negative feedback needs receptors, central control, and effectors.
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3. List the main phases of mitosis in order from start to finish. *
The main phases of mitosis in order from start to finish are as follows:
ProphasePrometaphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophase.What is Mitosis?Mitosis may be defined as a type of cell division through which a parental cell is successfully divided into two daughter cells. These daughter cells are genetically identical to the parental cells and generally diploid in nature.
Prophase is the longest phase of karyokinesis. In this phase, the nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear. In metaphase, the chromosomes are usually lined up in one plane by attaching to the spindle through the centromere.
Anaphase is the smallest phase of mitotic cell division. In this phase, the centromere splits, and chromosomes move to opposite poles. In telophase, the two sets of daughter chromosomes reached opposite poles and are converted into chromatin thread.
Therefore, the main phases of mitosis order from start to finish are well described above.
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Do you think the unofficial titles of some eras (i.e., Age of Fishes, Age of Reptiles,
Age of Mammals) are informative or an oversimplification? Explain your reasoning.
with alternative unofficial titles based on what you have learned about
Come up
each era
The unofficial titles of some eras such as Age of Fishes, Age of Reptiles and Age of Mammals are really informative and they are not oversimplifications because these periods reflect the emergence of different taxonomic groups in the course of evolution.
What are animal eras?The animal eras are periods during the geological time in which certain groups of animals appeared in the course of evolution, which results informative to determine how evolution (change) occurred due to natural selection.
For example, mammals emerged as a taxonomic group during the Cenozoic Era, which occurred approximately 65 million years ago and this period is known as the Age of mammals.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that an animal era is not only an oversimplified term because it also involves the emergence of certain taxonomic groups during the evolution and can serve to contextualize geological periods in a biological framework.
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Almost every cell in the human body is replaced every few years through the process of _____. replication mitosis meiosis duplication
Answer:
It Mitosis, it’s a process that replace every cells in the human body every few years.
Describe how plants make use of glucose
Answer:
plants use glucose through leaves
Why is the Establishment of biological research institutes so important in Ethiopia
The Establishment of biological research institutes is so important in Ethiopia because realizing its immense potential to exploit biotechnology and the life sciences requires the opening of many new R&D parks.
The establishment of numerous additional R&D parks is necessary in order for biotechnology and the life sciences to reach their full potential. Only by establishing several more R&D institutions can Ethiopia utilize its potential biological and genetic diversity as well as local knowledge of biological diversity.
Ethiopia is hampered in its efforts to establish biotechnology as a tool for the development of the country's economy since it has just five research centers, despite the capacity of the universities and colleges.
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Suppose you were observing an organism through the microscope and noticed that it moved toward the bottom of the slide and then it moved to the right. What does this tell you about the actual movement is the organism?
Answer: top of the slide and to the left
Explanation:
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Do the tissues lining the gastrovascular cavity in Cnidarians differ at any point in the cavity?
All cnidarians have two tissue layers. The outer layer is called the epidermis, whereas the inner layer is called the gastrodermis and lines the digestive cavity. Between these two layers is a non-living, jelly-like mesoglea
Cnidarias have an internal sac for digestion which is called the gastrovascular cavity. The gastrovascular cavity has only one opening, a mouth, through which the animal takes in food and releases waste. Tentacles radiate outward from the rim of the mouth.
The body wall of a cnidarian consists of three layers, an outer layer known as the epidermis, a middle layer called the mesoglea, and an inner layer referred to as the gastrodermis. The epidermis contains a collection of different types of cells. These include epitheliomuscular cells which contract and enable movement, interstitial cells that give rise to many other cell types such as egg and sperm, cnidocytes which are specialized cells unique to cnidarians which in some cnidarians contain stinging structures, mucus-secreting cells which glandular cells that secrete mucus, and receptor and nerve cells which collect and transmit sensory information.
The inner layer, the endoderm , has cells that produce digestive enzymes and break up food particles. The jellylike material between the two layers is called the mesoglea. All of these body layers surround a central cavity called the gastrovascular cavity, which extends into the hollow tentacles.
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when does dna replication happen?
Answer:
In short, DNA replication happens after the cell is done growing, during the S or synthesis phase. In eukaryotic cells, this happens in the nucleus, and in prokaryotic cells, this happens in the cytoplasm.
Explanation:
There are many different proteins, such as topoisomerase, ligase, and polymerase; leave a comment if you need details.
In the lungs of birds, where does gas exchange occur?
A. Across thin parenchymal cells in the alveoli
B. In the alveolar sacs
C. Across a thin network of bronchioles and blood vessels
D. Inside of the air sacs
The Atlantic puffin feeds on several species of Atlantic fish. A population of puffins living on Matinucus Rock was found to feed on the types of fish shown in the graph below. The beaks of this group of puffin are shaped to grasp Species A particularly well. Predict what would happen to the puffins’ beaks if another predator enters the area that is better at preying on Species A. Explain your reasoning based on what you know regarding genetic adaptations.
The number of Atlantic puffins that have adapted to species A will decrease as competition for species A increases. After several generations, the puffins that eat species B and C will be formed.
What is adaptation?
Adaptation is the process of changing in response to a changing environment. An example is seen in puffins. The puffin that eats species A has a different beak. When another predator enters who preys upon species A, then competition will increase. As a result, species A's consumption of puffin will decrease.
Those puffins that eat species B and C will survive. They will reproduce and produce more offspring. The number of puffins with beaks in Species B and C will increase over time.
Hence, after many generations, puffins of species B and C will increase.
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sebastian wants to make ball and stick models of the four macromolecules
Answer:
Sebastian wants to make ball-and-stick models of the four macromolecules. He has colored balls for each of the elements in these molecules, including the following. red: hydrogen black: carbon purple: oxygen green: nitrogen For a model of which macromolecule will he need mostly black and red balls? carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins
Explanation:
thers not much to explain about this but i tryed my best
how do you calulate a systems total energy
Read the problem and identify all variables given within the problem as well as all forms of energy using the equation for total mechanical energy, insert calculated values of kinetic energy and potential energy.
What is the main purpose of RNA? O To relay instructions for making proteins from the nucleus to the vacuole O To relay instructions for making proteins from DNA to the ribosome To relay instructions for making proteins from the cell membrane to the ribosome O To relay instructions for making proteins from the ribosome to DNA
Answer: The primary function of RNA is to create proteins via translation. RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for cellular processes. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
Explanation: I study microbiology
A river with large, smooth rocks on the bottom, small and medium sized sediment is moving downstream.
Which conditions resulted in the erosion of larger rocks, like the one circled in the image? Check all that apply.
low gradient, high volume
high gradient, low velocity
high gradient, high velocity
What is Erosion ?
Erosion is the geological technique wherein earthen substances are worn away and transported with the aid of using herbal forces together with wind or water. A comparable technique, weathering, breaks down or dissolves rock, however does now no longer contain movement. Erosion is the alternative of deposition, the geological technique wherein earthen substances are deposited, or constructed up, on a landform. Most erosion is accomplished with the aid of using liquid water, wind, or ice (commonly with inside the shape of a glacier). If the wind is dusty, or water or glacial ice is muddy, erosion is taking area. The brown colour suggests that bits of rock and soil are suspended with inside the fluid (air or water) and being transported from one area to another. Physical Erosion - Physical erosion describes the technique of rocks converting their bodily houses with out converting their simple chemical composition.
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Examples of isotope and non-examples of isotope.
Example: The three hydrogen isotopes are protium, deuterium, and tritium.
The isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are not examples.
What distinguishes isotopes?An isotope can be recognized by its mass, which is made up of all of its protons and neutrons. There are two ways to express isotopes. They both use the equation mass = (number of protons) + (number of neutrons).
Why are isotopes employed?There are several uses for radioactive isotopes. In medicine, cobalt-60 is frequently used as a radiation source, for example, to stop the growth of cancer. Radioactive isotopes are utilized as tracers for both metabolic process research and diagnostic purposes.
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Identify and define the anther, stigma, style, filament, pistil, petal, stamen, ovary, sepal, and ovule
A: Ovule: Ovule is that part of the plant which forms the seed of flowering plant when fertilized.
B: Ovary: The ductless reproductive gland is known as the ovary. It houses a large number of ovules. It is the part of plant where seed formation takes place.
C: Style: The stalk that joins the stigma and the ovary is long and slender, like a tube called style.
D: Stigma: The receptive tip at the top of each carpel in the gynoecium of a flower.
E: Pistil: The female reproductive organ of a flower, the pistil is located inside and is made up of three parts: the stigma, style, and ovary. The term "pistil" refers to all of this.
F: Anther: It is a yellow, sac-like structure. The pollen is placed and stored in the anther.
G: Stamen: Also referred to as an androecium, this is the male reproductive component. It is made up of : filaments and anthers.
H: Filament: It is a thin, threadlike structure that supports the anther.
I: Sepal: The green portion that lies under the petals and shields developing buds is known as a sepal.
J: Petal: Petals are a modified version of leaves that are brightly colored to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the flower's reproductive parts.
What are the different components of a flower?
The Vegetative components of flower are: Petals and Sepals.The Reproductive components of flower are:Stamen, Anther, Filament, Pistil, Stigma, Style, Ovary.
How does flowers reproduce?
Flowers are a plant's reproductive organs that participate in sexual reproduction. It contains the female reproductive organ known as a gynoecium and the male reproductive organ known as an androecium. Through pollination, the androecium's pollen grains are delivered to the gynoecium's stigma. The male gametes are transferred from the pollen grain to the female gamete that is already present in the ovary through the pollen tube as it grows and develops. The zygote is created when the male and female gametes combine. The ovules become seeds, and the ovary becomes fruit. When these seeds are spread in the soil, they germinate and produce new plants.
Therefore, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J are Ovule, Ovary, Style, Stigma, Pistil, Anther, Stamen, Filament, Sepal and Petal, respectively.
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Describe two ways that reproduction is different between mosses and conifers. Discuss the process and the product.
please help to fill in
In each ecosystem, there are many feeding relationships. A food chain represents a flow of energy through an ecosystem, and always begins with an organism called a producer, which is able to trap light energy and convert it to chemical energy. An organism of this type is eaten by a herbivore, which is a kind of consumer that feeds only on plant material. This type of organism is, in turn, eaten by a carnivore (an organism that consumes other animals).
i need help with 4d & 4e please! it’s due tmr
Denaturation of protein is the phenomenon where all the structures of proteins are disrupted except the primary structure. This happens because the primary structure is made up of covalent bonds that cannot be broken down easily. But the secondary or tertiary structures are made of non-covalent structures that are relatively easier to disrupt.
Enzymes are the proteinaceous agents that alter the rate of reactions. The enzyme activity is active when the protein exhibits the tertiary or quaternary structure. This is the reason why when protein denatures the enzyme activity also changes.
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Molecular basis of non infectious diseases
Answer:
NCDs share four major risk factors: tobacco use, physical inactivity, the harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets.
Explanation:
in coelomate animals, what type of tissue surrounds the digestive tube? What function does this type of tissue usually serve in other locations in the body?
The coelom is found between the intestinal canal and the body wall, lined with mesodermal epithelium. Coelom can absorb shock or provide a hydrostatic skeleton.
Coelomic fluid function of a hydrostatic skeleton, which helps for locomotion of soft-bodied animals and provide body a distinct shape. Contracting muscles can push against the coelomic fluid because of the fluid pressure.
In coelomate, the tissue that lines the inner side of the body cavity come from the same germ layer as the tissue lining from the outer side of the body cavity. Hence, The digestive tract of a coelomate functions as a coelom.
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In neuroscience terms, neurons have two types of impulses
4
What is an angiosperm?
A. a division of plants that uses only
leaves to attract herbivores and
pollinators
B. a division of plants that doesn't use
seeds to reproduce
C. a division of plants that bear their
seeds within a layer of tissue that
protects it this is answer
D. a division of plants that leave their
seeds exposed on the scales of cones
Answer:
C
Explanation:
If pH affects enzyme activity, then...
pH: Each enzyme has an optimum pH range. Changing the pH outside of this range will slow enzyme activity. Extreme pH values can cause enzymes to denature. Enzyme concentration: Increasing enzyme concentration will speed up the reaction, as long as there is substrate available to bind to.
Answer:
7>ph<14
Explanation:
if ph is 7 then its neutral, if ph lower than 7 and higher than 0 its acidic, if it's higher than 7 and lower than 14 its basic.
Lactose intolerance can be characterized by all of the following except
A. Results from the lack of lactase
B. Can be influenced by the environment
C. Does not involve a persons ability to digest milk
D. Is a good example of bio cultural evolution
E. Has a genetic bases
Lactose intolerance can be characterized by all of the following except does not involve a persons ability to digest milk
People with lactose intolerance are unable to fully digest the sugar in milk and as result they have diarrhea and gas and bloating after eating or drinking diary product and the condition which is also called lactose malabsorption and is usually harmless but its symptoms can be uncomfortable and most people with lactose intolerance can manage the condition without having to give up all diary food
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If you wanted to find support for the idea that all living things are composed of cells, what evidence would you need
to gather?
I would compare nonliving things and living things to determine if there are similarities
I would examine many kinds of living things under a microscope and look for the presence of cells
I would conduct experiments to determine the function of cells from many different living thing to see if they
are similar
I would examine nonliving things to verify that the smallest parts are not cells
I would examine many kinds of living things under a microscope and look for the presence of cells.
Option B is correct.
What proof is there that cells make up all living things?Using an early microscope, Robert Hooke finds dead cells. In order to see living cells like bacteria, Anton von Leeuwenhoek creates a more potent microscope. All living things are composed of cells, and cells can be created from other cells, according to Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.
What kind of proof would at least partially validate the cell theory's tenets?What kind of proof would at least one of the tenets of the cell theory be supported by? There are no cells in rocks or other nonliving substances. It has been found that cells change one type of energy into another. To observe nearly all cells, a microscope is required.
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How are global winds and global ocean currents related
How did Democritus contribute to the understanding of matter?
A
He saw the first atom under a microscope.
B
He is credited with first proposing the idea of atoms.
C
He is credited with being the first to think of elements combining to make more complex forms of matter with his idea of fire, water, air, and earth.
Democritus contribute to the understanding of matter as He is credited with first proposing the idea of atoms.
Democritus, state that atoms are definitive to the material they are composed of . In addition, Democritus believed that the atoms differed in size and shape, and their motion is also constant. when they collided with each other they get rebound or stick together.
Democritus state that all matter was formed of different types of tiny discrete particles . Democritus was the first person in the development of the atomic theory of the universe.
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Which of the following is at the root cause for all cancers?
A.) Obesity
B.) A breakdown of the cell division process
C.) antibiotic resistance
D.) The normal cell division process
Answer:
B
Explanation:
if the cell cycle during meiosis is impaired, it will rapidly produce cells(w cell division) that cannot be controlled anddddd it'll soon become cancer
