FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 2 [100 Marks]
PROJECT TASK
Jane and John have decided to tie the knot, but they don’t have much time to plan their wedding. They want the big day to
be unforgettable. They want to invite many people and provide a great time. They have always dreamed of a June wedding,
but it’s already January. Just thinking about all the details involved is overwhelming. Jane has been dreaming of the big day
since she was 12, but it seems that there is so little time for all the tasks to be completed. When they were choosing the
paper for the invitations, the couple realised that they needed help.
Jane: John, we need some help.
John: Don’t worry. My sister’s wedding planner was great. Let me give her a call. [John calls the wedding planner Julianna].
Wedding Planner: Hello, Jane and John.
John: We want everything to be perfect.
Jane: There is so much to do! Invitations, food, guests, and music.
John: Oh no, we haven’t even booked a place!
Jane: And it has to be done right. We can’t print the invitations until we have the menu planned. We can’t do the seating
arrangements until we have the RSVPs. We aren’t sure what kind of band to get for the reception, or should it be a DJ?
We’re just overwhelmed.
John: My sister said you really saved her wedding. I know she gave you over a year to plan. But I’ve always dreamed of a
June wedding, and I’m not willing to give that up. I know it’s late, but Julianna, can you help us?
Wedding Planner: Take it easy. I’ve got it under control. We’ve a lot of people and activities to get under control. You really
should have called six months ago, but we’ll still make this wedding happen on time.
Much work has to be done before June. First, Julianna figures out what work needs to be done. She starts to put together a
to-do list: Invitations; Flowers; Wedding cake; Dinner menu; Band.
Since many different people are involved in the making of the wedding, it takes much planning to coordinate all the work in
the right order by the right people at the right time. Initially, Julianna was worried that she did not have enough time to make
sure that everything would be done properly. However, she knew that she had some powerful time management tools on
her side when she took the job, and these tools would help her to synchronize all the required tasks.


Answer ALL the questions in this section

.
Question 1
To get started, Julianna wants you, her project manager, to identify and arrange all the wedding event activities into a WBS
to show how the work items decompose into these identified activities. Show appropriate WBS numbering on diagram.


Question 2
Now that the activity definitions for the work packages have been completed, the next task is to complete the project
schedule. The project schedule lists everything that needs to be done to complete your project, and includes all the
information you need to place the activities in order of the work to be carried out.


Question 3
Create the AON network diagram for the weddinng project.


Question 4
Find the critical path using slack in order to ensure the shortest possible time within which to fulfil all requirements of the
wedding project.

Answers

Answer 1

In response to Question 1, the wedding event activities have been identified and arranged into a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS).

The WBS diagram provides a hierarchical structure that shows how the work items decompose into smaller, more manageable activities. Each activity is assigned a WBS number to indicate its position within the hierarchy. For example, the top-level activity is "Wedding Event" (1), followed by sub-activities such as "Invitations" (1.1), "Flowers" (1.2), "Wedding Cake" (1.3), "Dinner Menu" (1.4), and "Band" (1.5). This breakdown allows for a clear understanding of the different components of the wedding event and facilitates better organization and coordination.

Regarding Question 2, the project schedule is crucial for planning and tracking the progress of the wedding project. It lists all the tasks that need to be completed, along with their durations and any dependencies. The provided project schedule outlines the duration of each activity and identifies their relationships to one another. The activities have been placed in the order in which they need to be carried out to ensure a smooth flow of work. This schedule serves as a guide for the project manager and the team to manage their time effectively and meet the desired timeline for the wedding.

Moving on to Question 3, the Activity-on-Node (AON) network diagram visualizes the interdependencies among the activities in the wedding project. The diagram illustrates the sequence of activities and their relationships, highlighting the logical flow of work. The AON network diagram shows that the start activity branches out to activities 1.2 (Flowers), 1.3 (Wedding Cake), and 1.4 (Dinner Menu). Activity 1.2 and 1.4 are then followed by activity 1.5 (Band), and all activities converge at the finish point. This diagram provides a clear overview of the project's timeline and helps identify critical paths and potential bottlenecks.

Finally, Question 4 focuses on finding the critical path using slack. The critical path consists of the sequence of activities that have zero slack or float, meaning they have no flexibility in their schedules. Any delay in activities along the critical path will directly impact the overall project duration. In the provided project, the critical path includes activities 1.2 (Flowers), 1.4 (Dinner Menu), and 1.5 (Band).

These activities must be closely monitored and managed to ensure they are completed within the shortest possible time to meet the wedding requirements. By identifying the critical path, the project manager can prioritize resources and efforts accordingly to minimize the risk of delays and ensure a successful and timely wedding event.

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Related Questions

Which resource management task enabled resource coordination throughout the incident

Answers

Answer:

Managing resources is the process of resource coordination during an occurrence. It entails sending out teams of people along with tools and supplies to help with relief efforts and rebuilding after a disaster.

Explanation:

underlined is the answer

Final answer:

The Incident Command System (ICS) is the resource management task that enables resource coordination throughout an incident. It allows for the integration of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures and communications within a common structure.

Explanation:

The resource management task that enables resource coordination throughout an incident is called the Incident Command System (ICS). The ICS is a standardized, on-scene, all-hazards incident management approach. It allows for the integration of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures and communications operating within a common organizational structure. Under ICS, the key responsibilities are divided into five main functional areas: operations, planning, logistics, finance/administration and, notably, command, which is the coordinating and decision-making center for the incident response.

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Make a critical review of the case: IMM v R (2016) 257 CLR 300 (analyze only the judgment by French CJ, Kiefel, Bell, and Keane JJ)
Apply structure: 1) Introduction 2) A brief summary of the relevant facts and procedural history in each case 3) Issue(s) in dispute/the question(s) addressed by the courts 4) The parties' arguments 5) The courts' decisions 6) Summary of the judgments (including any separate judgments or dissenting opinions) 7) Analysis and evaluation (including discussion of how the decisions/legal principles enunciated compare or contrast between the cases) 8) Conclusion

Answers


The general structure and components of a critical review. A critical review typically includes the following elements:

Introduction, Introduce the case and provide a brief overview of the issues involved.

Summary of relevant facts and procedural history, Provide a concise summary of the facts and the procedural history of the case.

Issue(s) in dispute/the question(s) addressed by the courts: Identify the main legal issues or questions that were addressed by the courts in the case.

Parties' arguments: Summarize the arguments presented by the parties involved in the case.

Courts' decisions: Explain the decisions reached by the courts, including any separate judgments or dissenting opinions.

Summary of the judgments: Summarize the main points and reasoning of the judgments, highlighting any key legal principles or precedents established.

Analysis and evaluation: Provide your analysis and evaluation of the judgments, discussing how the decisions and legal principles compare or contrast with other relevant cases or legal principles.

Conclusion: Summarize your overall assessment of the case and its significance.

It's important to note that providing a critical review of a specific case requires access to the relevant case materials, including the judgments and arguments presented.

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. How can a citizen serve in their government?

Answers

By exercising their rights and obligations such as voting, attending a jury when asked, etc.

Is the death penalty right or wrong? Present at least two paragraphs explaining your position.

Answers

1. Some criminals would be more likely to fear a life in prison than to be executed. That would be more of a punishment since many of them already are willing to take their life after what they had done. For common people, the fear of death could stop them from committing a crime, but for someone who has a serious issue and kills someone intentionally (usually the ones on death row), will not stop before they actually kill someone only to change their mind due to a fear of dying. It likely won’t even cross their mind.

2. If someone is wrongly convicted, we could be killing innocent people. These cases are often so complex that it is difficult to find evidence to prove that someone is truly innocent. The government should not be able to kill innocent people even if they thought they had been criminals.

which entities were created by the National Security Act of 1947? What restrictions did the act place on the intelligence agency it created and why?

Answers

The National Security Act of 1947 established the CIA and other key entities while placing specific restrictions on the CIA to prevent abuses and maintain a clear separation between foreign and domestic intelligence operations. These measures were implemented to safeguard civil liberties and ensure that intelligence activities primarily focused on external threats.

The National Security Act of 1947 created several entities, including the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the National Security Council (NSC), and the Department of Defense (DOD). The act placed restrictions on the CIA by prohibiting it from engaging in domestic intelligence operations and requiring it to focus on foreign intelligence gathering. These restrictions were implemented to prevent the abuse of power and protect civil liberties by ensuring that intelligence activities remained primarily focused on external threats.

The National Security Act of 1947, signed into law by President Harry S. Truman, established significant changes to the structure and organization of the U.S. national security apparatus. The act created the CIA, the NSC, and the DOD as key entities responsible for intelligence and defense matters.

The CIA, one of the entities formed by the act, was given the task of gathering and analyzing intelligence related to foreign nations and providing recommendations to the President and policymakers. However, the act also placed restrictions on the CIA's operations to safeguard against domestic surveillance and potential infringements on civil liberties.

The CIA was explicitly prohibited from engaging in domestic intelligence activities, such as spying on U.S. citizens or conducting law enforcement operations within the country. This restriction aimed to prevent the CIA from becoming a domestic intelligence agency and to maintain a separation between intelligence gathering and internal law enforcement activities, which were primarily the domain of the FBI.

The intention behind these restrictions was to prevent the misuse of intelligence resources and to uphold the principles of democratic governance and individual privacy. By focusing on foreign intelligence gathering, the CIA was meant to primarily address external threats and provide objective analysis to inform national security decision-making. This approach aimed to strike a balance between protecting the country's security interests and preserving the rights and freedoms of its citizens.

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In Delhi, India, child workers were found to be hand-embroidering their clothes even though India has a law against employing young children. True False

Answers

False. India does have laws in place to prohibit the employment of young children, including the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act.

The law aims to prevent and eliminate child labour in various industries, including the textile and garment sectors. Hand-embroidering clothes by child workers would be a violation of these laws. However, it is worth noting that despite the legal provisions, instances of child labor may still occur in certain regions or industries due to various factors such as enforcement challenges, poverty, and lack of awareness.

Efforts are being made by the Indian government, non-governmental organizations, and international bodies to combat child labour and ensure the protection and welfare of children.

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Forensic Pathology
Forensic Computer Science
Criminalistics
Forensic Entomologist
Crime Scene Investigator
Firearm Examiner
Forensic Photographer
Questioned Document Examiner
Forensic Engineering
Trace Evidence Examiner
Forensic Odontology
Latent Print Examiner
Forensic Toxicologist
Forensic Serologist/Forensic Biologist


______________________ – (or Forensic Science) the application of science in collecting and analyzing physical evidence in criminal cases (court of law)
______________________– processes crime scenes to collect and preserve physical evidence
______________________– uses photographic techniques to document crime scenes and evidence, as well as provide image enhancements and exhibits for analysis and courtroom presentation
______________________– identifies and/or compares physical evidence through chemical, physical, and instrumental analysis
______________________– processes and examines latent fingerprints in criminal cases
______________________– processes, compares, and/or identifies biological evidence in criminal cases
______________________– examines body fluids and organs to determine the presence of drugs and poisons
______________________– studies the handwriting and typeface on questioned documents to determine their authenticity and/or origin
______________________– examines firearms and discharged ammunition; also conducts distance determination and tool mark examination
______________________– studies insects to estimate the time of death
______________________– collects and identifies data from computers and other digital devices
______________________– concerned with failure analysis, accident reconstruction, and causes and origins of fires or explosions
______________________– identifies and compares dental evidence in criminal cases
______________________ – a branch of medicine used for legal purposes and concerned with determining causes of death

Answers

1- Criminalistics
2- Crime Scene Investigator
3- Forensic Photographer
4- Trace Evidence Examiner
5- Latent Print Examiner
6- Forensic Serologist/Forensic Biologist
7- Forensic Toxicologist
8- Questioned Document Examiner
9- Firearm Examiner
10- Forensic Entomologist
11- Forensic Computer Science
12- Forensic Engineering
13- Forensic Odontology
14- Forensic Pathology

Answer: im probly late fro this but...

Explanation:

1-  Crime Scene Investigator

2- Criminalistics

3- Forensic Photographer

4- Trace Evidence Examiner

5- Latent Print Examiner

6- Forensic Serologist/Forensic Biologist

7- Forensic Toxicologist

8- Questioned Document Examiner

9- Firearm Examiner

10- Forensic Entomologist

11- Forensic Computer Science

12- Forensic Engineering

13- Forensic Odontology

14- Forensic Pathology

have you ever been convicted of, plead guilty, no contest or nolo contendere, to a misdemeanor or felony?*

Answers

As an AI language model, I cannot be convicted of any misdemeanor or felony. However, it is important to note that such a question is often included in job applications, legal documents, or other official forms.

The purpose of this question is to determine an individual's criminal history, which may affect their eligibility for certain jobs, licenses, or other privileges. Individuals who have been convicted of a misdemeanor or felony may face legal consequences such as imprisonment, probation, or fines.

They may also experience other negative effects such as difficulty finding employment or housing. It is important to answer such questions truthfully and accurately to avoid further legal complications. In conclusion, since I am not a human being, I cannot be convicted of a misdemeanor or felony.

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Whyis DNA fingerprinting used for in forensics?
OA.
to identify the place of crime
OB.
to identify the evidence
O c.
to identify the modus operandi
OD.
to identify the culprit

Answers

Fingerprint is used in forensics to identify the culprit.

What is forensics?

This is a branch of science that is used by law enforcement agents to identify and manage crime situations.

The fingerprints of people are unique, and given that they are contained in a nations database, they are used to identify the people that committed a crime.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

We hire more cops --- reported crime increases! What's going on? Seeing so many cops on patrol deters criminals from crime Newer cops are not experienced enough and cannot catch criminals in time Hiring more cops means that individual cops now don't feel so pressurized and don't work as hard as they used to. "The additional cops simply catch and record more of the # of crimes being committed. Nothing significant has been done to actually 'improve quality', that is identify and reduce the root economic/social causes of crime."

Answers

The statement "We hire more cops - reported crime increases!" can be explained by a combination of factors. On one hand, the presence of more cops on patrol can deter potential criminals from committing crimes, leading to a decrease in crime rates. However, it is also true that newer cops who lack experience may struggle to catch criminals in a timely manner, which could contribute to an increase in reported crime.

Additionally, hiring more cops may lead to individual officers feeling less pressure and consequently not working as hard as before. This can impact their effectiveness in preventing and solving crimes. It is important to note that while the hiring of more cops may result in an increase in the number of crimes being recorded, it does not necessarily address the underlying causes of crime.

To truly address crime, it is crucial to not only increase the number of cops but also focus on improving the quality of law enforcement efforts. This includes identifying and addressing the root economic and social factors that contribute to criminal behavior. By addressing these underlying causes, we can work towards reducing crime rates in a more significant and sustainable manner.

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The Fourteenth Amendment provides that no person shall be deprived "of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." The due process clause has multiple aspects. What are the aspects of due process? Choose two answers.
Equal protection due process—People must be treated the same.
Procedural due process—Any government decision to take life, liberty, or property must be made equitably.
Federal due process—The national government must treat everyone fairly.
Substantive due process—Limits what the government may do in its legislative and executive capacities.

Answers

The Fourteenth Amendment states that no one shall be deprived of "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." The Due process clause consists of various aspects, two of which are:Substantive due process- This principle limits what the government can do in its legislative and executive roles.

This aspect restricts the government's power to enact legislation that impinges on a citizen's life, liberty, or property without reasonable justification. Procedural due process- This principle guarantees procedural protections before the government deprives any person of life, liberty, or property.

In this aspect, the government must adhere to a fair procedure to avoid depriving individuals of their rights. For instance, a person is accused of a crime; he or she has the right to an attorney, a fair trial, and an unbiased jury.

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This post-Civil War statute was used to convict the police officers who were videotaped during the arrest of Rodney King in Los Angeles in 1991.
a. 42 USC section 1985
b. Title VII
c. 42 USC section 1983
d. 42 USC section 1981

Answers

The post-Civil War statute that was used to convict the police officers who were videotaped during the arrest of Rodney King in Los Angeles in 1991 is section 242 of Title 18 of the United States Code. This statute is commonly referred to as the federal civil rights statute. The answer is C.

It makes it a federal crime for a person acting under color of law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom to willfully deprive a person of any right protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States.

The videotaped beating of Rodney King, which became national news and sparked outrage across the country, was a clear violation of his civil rights under this statute. As a result, several police officers involved in the incident were convicted and sentenced to prison.The answer is C.

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If a defendant wins an appeal against his or her conviction, which of the following is the outcome? A. The case moves on to the sentencing process. B. The defendant is released and cannot be charged again under double jeopardy laws. C. The defendant is given a new trial for the same crime. D. The defendant is given a lighter sentence, but the conviction will stand.

Answers

Answer:

c.               Hope this helps!

Explanation:

c

Answer:

C. The defendant is given a new trial for the same crime.

Explanation:

Got it correct on ed2002 quiz, hope this helps :)

True or False. It is okay to keep the same pair of gloves on for
each collected evidence item.

True
False

Answers

Yes it is okay to keep the same pair of gloves on

Write a brief summary (about 20 sentences) regarding the case about Amie Zyla . Be sure to include the circumstances of the case/law/crime, the year/s, names of the people involved (victim/s and offender/s), and the eventual outcome of all parties involved.

Answers

Based on a historical account, the case of Amie Zyla was considered startling and heartbreaking, as it underscored the devastating results of betrayal and greed. This occurrence left Robert Zyla physically and emotionally damaged, while Amie, Joshua, and Larry faced a lifetime behind bars

The Summary of a Case regarding Amie Zyle.

In 2006, a disquieting case unfolded in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, about a woman named Amie Zyla and a conspiracy to murder her husband, Robert Zyla.

It was reported that Amie Zyla, along with her lover, Joshua Campbell, organized a plan to kill Robert and collect the insurance money.

During the investigation, it was revealed that Amie and Joshua, a former coworker, had been communicating largely through text messages and phone calls, reviewing their plan to murder Robert.

In February 2006, Amie and Joshua attempted to carry out their sinister plot by attracting Robert to a secluded location, where he was shot multiple times.

However, Robert survived the attack and managed to seek assistance, leading to the arrest of his wife, Amie, and her lover, Joshua.

In the end, Amie Zyla, Joshua Campbell, and an accomplice named Larry Detwiler were all charged with attempted murder, conspiracy to commit murder, and criminal solicitation.

Over the cause of the trial, it was disclosed that the couple's motive was financial, as they wanted to collect Robert's life insurance payout.

Hence, eventually, by 2008, after a highly publicized trial, Amie Zyla, Joshua Campbell, and Larry Detwiler were found guilty on all charges. Amie was sentenced to 28 to 56 years in prison, while Joshua and Larry each received sentences of 27 to 55 years.

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Explain in your own words why there is an exception to privacy
rules and privileged communication in the US and answer the
question; should there be an exception?

Answers

Exceptions to privacy rules and privileged communication in the US exist to address specific circumstances where public safety and national security are at stake.

There are exceptions to privacy rules and privileged communication in the US due to the recognition that there are circumstances where the public interest or the safety of individuals outweighs the need for absolute privacy. These exceptions aim to strike a balance between protecting individual rights and ensuring the well-being of society as a whole.

The exception to privacy rules and privileged communication exists to prevent harm and promote public safety. In certain situations, such as cases involving national security, criminal investigations, or the prevention of imminent harm, the government and authorized entities may have the authority to access private information or override privileged communication. This allows them to gather crucial evidence, prevent potential threats, and ensure the overall security of the nation and its citizens.

The question of whether there should be exceptions to privacy rules and privileged communication is complex and subjective. While it is important to protect individual privacy and uphold the principle of privileged communication, there are situations where public safety and the greater good may necessitate limited exceptions. Striking the right balance between privacy and security is crucial, and any exceptions should be carefully defined, subject to legal oversight, and used only when absolutely necessary.

Exceptions to privacy rules and privileged communication in the US exist to address specific circumstances where public safety and national security are at stake. While privacy is a fundamental right, there are instances where the interests of society may warrant limited exceptions. Balancing the need for privacy with the need for security is an ongoing challenge, and any exceptions should be justified, regulated, and implemented with caution to ensure the protection of individual rights while safeguarding the welfare of the broader community.

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If unauthorized practice of law is considered to be the practice of law by someone who has not been licensed to practice law, which of the following could present legal problems for a sales associate? 1. Offering to be with the buyer at the closing. 2. Offering an opinion on the title on a property. 3. Discussing a home value based upon comparables in the area. 4. Suggesting that the buyer contact an attorney to add clauses to the contract.

Answers

Offering an opinion on the title on a property and suggesting that the buyer contact an attorney to add clauses to the contract could present legal problems for a sales associate.

Unauthorized practice of law refers to providing legal services without being licensed to practice law. In the given options, offering an opinion on the title and suggesting the involvement of an attorney in adding clauses to the contract both involve providing legal advice or services, which falls under the purview of practicing law. Engaging in such activities without the necessary legal credentials can lead to legal consequences for a sales associate.

While the other options mentioned, such as being present at the closing or discussing home value based on comparables, do not necessarily involve providing legal advice, offering an opinion on the title and suggesting the involvement of an attorney cross the line into the unauthorized practice of law. Sales associates should be cautious about engaging in activities that can be perceived as practicing law without proper licensing, as it can result in legal complications. It is advisable for sales associates to refer buyers to appropriate legal professionals for matters that require legal expertise.

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Describe the NYC stop and frisk policy/practice. Who is most impacted? 2. Some residents describe their NYC neighborhoods as one that feels like it is under "military occupation." Describe the elements of the policy and the human impacts that could make an American city feel like a military—occupied space.

Answers

The NYC stop and frisk policy/practice refers to a policing strategy where law enforcement officers stop and search individuals on the street based on reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.

This policy was implemented in an effort to reduce crime rates and increase public safety. However, it has been criticized for disproportionately impacting communities of color, specifically young Black and Latino men. The elements of the policy include officers stopping individuals and conducting searches for weapons or contraband.

This practice can make an American city feel like a military-occupied space due to the heavy presence of law enforcement and the infringement on civil liberties. The human impacts of stop and frisk can lead to feelings of fear, harassment, and alienation within affected communities. Residents may perceive their neighborhoods as under "military occupation" due to the constant surveillance, aggressive tactics, and lack of trust between community members and law enforcement. This can create a hostile environment, erode community relationships, and perpetuate a cycle of fear and distrust.

In summary, the NYC stop and frisk policy/practice involves law enforcement stopping and searching individuals based on reasonable suspicion. This policy disproportionately impacts communities of color and can make an American city feel like a military-occupied space, resulting in negative human impacts and strained community relations.

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Which of the following is an exception to the hearsay rule?
- A peremptory challenge
- an opening statement
- the presentation of evidence
- a dying declaration

Answers

Answer:- a dying declaration

Explanation:

I don't know.

The statement that serves as an exception to hearsay rule as regards this question is : D: a dying declaration.

Hearsay rule can be regarded as oral or written statements that is been produced by someone as a testimony in a court, whereby the court is asked to accept it so that it can serve as an evidence for truth.

However, this rule is inadmissible but there are alot of exception to it, such as the case of dying declaration.

Therefore, option D is correct.

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It is important to be able to discuss child abuse in a way that is productive because child abuse tends to bring out a lot of emotions. Many people have different opinions of what discipline/child abuse is unless there are visible injuries to a child. We have to remember as investigators that we are seeking facts. It is up to the courts to determine the punishment (if any) of the offender- and that is based on the facts (not conjecture) of the investigation. The purpose of the following question is to note the different opinions people have concerning discipline vs abuse. Keep in mind that this is opinion based- not everyone is going to think the same way, and we are required to be respectful of other people's opinion. In your opinion (this is not based on personal experiences or law, merely an opinion), at what point does discipline become abuse?

Answers

Opinions on where the line between discipline and abuse is drawn can vary greatly depending on cultural, societal, and personal beliefs. It is essential to approach this question with sensitivity and respect for diverse perspectives. While this response represents an opinion, it is important to acknowledge that the legal definitions and guidelines of discipline and abuse may differ in various jurisdictions.

In my opinion, discipline becomes abuse when it involves actions that intentionally cause physical, emotional, or psychological harm to a child beyond what is considered reasonable and necessary for their well-being and development. Discipline should focus on teaching and guiding children, helping them understand boundaries, consequences, and appropriate behavior. It should be proportionate, age-appropriate, and carried out with the child's best interests in mind.

Abuse, on the other hand, goes beyond discipline and involves acts that inflict unnecessary suffering, endanger the child's safety, or cause long-lasting trauma. This can include physical violence, excessive force, verbal degradation, humiliation, neglect, or any form of exploitation. Abuse disregards the child's dignity, physical and emotional welfare, and can have severe and long-term negative impacts on their well-being.

Determining whether an action crosses the line from discipline to abuse may require careful consideration of factors such as the severity of the behavior, the intent behind it, the child's age and vulnerability, and the overall context of the situation. It is important to be aware that cultural and societal norms can influence perceptions of discipline and abuse, and it is crucial to prioritize the well-being and safety of the child when evaluating these matters.

Ultimately, it is the responsibility of legal authorities and child protection agencies to assess and determine whether disciplinary actions cross into the realm of abuse based on established legal standards and guidelines.

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In the landmark United States Court decision, Miranda v Arizona, the court outlined the requirements for a voluntary confession and what is now known as the "Miranda" warning. A corresponding secondary source (Comment note – Necessity of informing suspect of rights under privilege against self-incrimination, prior to police interrogation) provides a "Table of Cases, Law, and Rules." Within that table, what is the Wisconsin Supreme Court Case that is cited?

Answers

The Wisconsin Supreme Court Case that is cited in the "Table of Cases, Law, and Rules" of the secondary source "Comment note – Necessity of informing suspect of rights under privilege against self-incrimination, prior to police interrogation," is Wisconsin v. Blasius.

The Miranda warning is a warning that is read to criminal suspects in the United States before they are questioned by law enforcement officers, in compliance with the Miranda decision.

The Miranda warning ensures that the suspects are aware of their constitutional rights, including the right to remain silent, the right to legal B, and the fact that anything they say can be used against them in court.

According to the Supreme Court's decision in Miranda v. Arizona, there are four requirements for a voluntary confession:

the suspect must be informed of their Miranda rights before questioning begins,the suspect must fully understand their rights, and waive them voluntarily and knowingly,the questioning must be conducted in a way that respects the suspect's rights, and the confession must be given voluntarily, without any threats or promises of leniency.

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THINKING ETHICALLY Page 294 IS ANALYZING EMPLOYEE SENTIMENT AN INVASION OF PRIVACY? As scientists and information technology experts develop more ways to gather data, questions arise about whether limits should define the kinds of data that are appropriate to gather and analyze. When it comes to employees' feelings, for example, is there an ethical limit to what organizations should know about them individually or as a group? Many people feel comfortable answering an anonymous survey, but what about collecting "data" in the form of the words people write to each other in e- mails, text messages, social-media posts, and online collaboration systems (which enable document sharing and group comments)? Take the case of employee anxiety and depression, or even everyday stress at work. These conditions have obvious interest for employers, since an overly anxious or stressed-out employee could be more likely to have impaired judgment, take more time off, and run into problems getting along with customers or team members. If these conditions occur more often in certain parts of the company, management might want to investigate whether poor leadership or new work design is to blame. An organization could apply software that uses artificial intelligence to analyze workers' communications, first learning which patterns of words tend to be associated with conditions such as high stress and then identifying where these patterns are occurring. Another issue involves the limitations of artificial intelligence. It can analyze straightforward messages, but so far, it does not always perform well at recognizing sarcasm. This would raise issues if the organization is trying to find sources of unhappiness, which might be when people tend to be more sarcastic. The use of Al will continue to advance, and quite possibly, employees' attitudes toward sentiment analysis will depend on the culture of the organization. If employees view managers as ethical-trustworthy and fair-they are more likely to believe that the organization will keep its promises to protect privacy and use only anonymous data. They also might be more forgiving if the software misinterprets some kinds of messages. In a culture where managers have a reputation for punishing employees they dislike, trust will be low overall, and employees are likelier to see the data collection as an intrusion. Questions 1. Suppose you work for an organization that is considering the use of software to analyze employee sentiment as the company rolls out a new set of work processes. How could the organization protect employees' right of free consent? 2. How could the organization address employees' right of privacy?

Answers

In order to protect employees' right of free consent, the organization should prioritize transparency and open communication.  

This can be achieved by providing clear and comprehensive information about the purpose and use of the sentiment analysis software. To address employees' right to privacy, the organization should establish strong data protection measures.

This can be achieved by providing clear and comprehensive information about the purpose and use of the sentiment analysis software. Employees should be fully informed about the data collection process, the specific types of data that will be analyzed, and the potential impact on their work and privacy. The organization should conduct information sessions or training programs to ensure that employees understand the implications and have the opportunity to ask questions and seek clarification.

To address employees' right to privacy, the organization should establish strong data protection measures. This includes implementing strict policies and procedures for data handling and storage, ensuring that access to the collected data is restricted to authorized personnel only. The organization should also anonymize or aggregate the data to protect individual identities and prevent any potential misuse. Regular privacy audits and assessments should be conducted to identify and address any vulnerabilities or risks to privacy.

Moreover, the organization should create a culture of trust and fairness. Employees should have confidence that their consent will be respected, and their data will be used solely for the intended purpose. Clear guidelines should be established to prevent any discriminatory or unethical practices in the use of the data. By fostering a culture of trust and transparency, the organization can address employees' concerns and build confidence in the responsible use of sentiment analysis software.

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Suppose Pappy wishes to sue Dory under a state negligence theory for $80,000 because he broke his neck. There is no federal question and Dory is a citizen of Michigan. Which court has jurisdiction? a only state court b only federal court c both state court and federal court d neither state court nor federal court

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Suppose Pappy wishes to sue Dory under a state negligence theory for $80,000 because he broke his neck. There is no federal question and Dory is a citizen of Michigan. Both state court and federal court has jurisdiction. The answer is C.

The case involves diverse citizenship, and the amount of controversy is above the state's monetary threshold for hearing a case with different parties. The diversity jurisdiction concept is used to define the power of a federal court to hear lawsuits brought by individuals from distinct states or countries.

Federal jurisdiction arises in diverse cases if no plaintiff is a citizen of the same state as any defendant, and the sum of the plaintiff's claim exceeds $75,000. Federal jurisdiction is also established in cases where the parties are from separate countries, but the value of the dispute exceeds $10,000.

Thus, the federal courts would have jurisdiction over this case as the case satisfies the requirement of the diversity jurisdiction. State courts would also have jurisdiction to hear the case if the claim is above their jurisdictional limit.The answer is C.

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Describe the 2 predominant types of illegal discrimination provided for in US discrimination laws. Discuss what a plaintiff must show in a disparate treatment case. Also, discuss what the plaintiff must show in a disparate impact case and give an example.

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The two predominant types of illegal discrimination provided for in US discrimination laws are disparate treatment and disparate impact.

Disparate Treatment:

Disparate treatment refers to intentional discrimination against an individual or a group of individuals based on their protected characteristics, such as race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability. In a disparate treatment case, the plaintiff must show the following elements:

They are a member of a protected class: The plaintiff must demonstrate that they belong to a group protected by anti-discrimination laws.

Adverse treatment: The plaintiff must show that they were treated less favorably compared to others in similar situations.

Discriminatory intent: The plaintiff needs to provide evidence that the adverse treatment was motivated by their protected characteristic. This can be shown through direct evidence, such as discriminatory statements, or through circumstantial evidence that suggests discriminatory intent.

Disparate Impact:

Disparate impact occurs when a seemingly neutral policy or practice disproportionately affects individuals in a protected class, even if there was no intention to discriminate. In a disparate impact case, the plaintiff must demonstrate the following elements:

Identification of a specific policy or practice: The plaintiff must identify a particular employment policy, hiring practice, or any other practice that has a disparate impact on a protected class.

Statistical evidence: The plaintiff must provide statistical evidence showing that the policy or practice has a significantly disproportionate impact on the protected class.

Lack of business necessity or legitimate justification: The plaintiff needs to show that the policy or practice is not justified by a legitimate business need and that there are alternative practices that would have a less discriminatory impact.

For example, consider a company that implements a height requirement for a certain job position. If the height requirement disproportionately excludes women from being hired, it may be considered a disparate impact. The plaintiff would need to provide statistical evidence showing the disproportionate impact and demonstrate that the height requirement is not necessary for the job and that alternative selection criteria would be equally effective.

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The part of the constitution gives congress the power to ma lte any laws that are "neccessarglr and
Proper" to carry out its implied powers is Known as the.._? a ninth amendment fl b elastic clause c
commerce clause cl establishment clausewhich of the following is a non legislative power? O a Advice and consent Ob Equipping the military OC
granting a patent O adopting a treatyWhich of the following is NOT a requirment to serve in the Senate? O a Win an election Ob Be 30 years old
OC born in the United states O d Lived in the USA for 9 yearsPowers of congress that are not written in the constitution are called what? O a expressed powers Ob
implied powers OC executive decision powers O d congressional powersWhat powers of congress are listed in the constitution? O a enumerated powers Ob implied powers OC
granted powers O d expressed powersWhich of the following is NOT a requirment to be ligible to serve in the House of Representatives? Oa Be 25
tears old Ob Have lived here for 7 years OC win an election Od Have been born in the United States

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The part of the constitution that gives Congress the power to make any laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out its implied powers is known as the elastic clause (Option B).

The elastic clause, also called the necessary and proper clause, is found in Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the United States Constitution. It grants Congress the authority to pass laws that are deemed necessary to carry out its enumerated powers, even if those powers are not explicitly listed in the Constitution.

The elastic clause is a critical provision that allows Congress to adapt and address new challenges, ensuring the effective functioning of the government within the framework of the Constitution.

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Describe modifiable terms of the dissolution decree.

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Modifiable terms of a dissolution decree are provisions that can be changed or modified after the divorce is finalized. These terms can include child custody arrangements, visitation schedules, child support payments, spousal support or alimony, and property division.

The ability to modify these terms depends on the laws of the jurisdiction and the specific circumstances of the case. In order to modify the terms of a dissolution decree, one party must typically demonstrate a substantial change in circumstances that justifies the modification. This could include a significant change in income, relocation, or a change in the needs or best interests of the children involved. It is important to note that modifications to a dissolution decree are subject to court approval and both parties must agree to any changes. Additionally, any modifications should be in compliance with the original intent of the decree and should prioritize the well-being and best interests of any children involved.  

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Question: 1. Discuss the jurisdictions of upper courts in
Malaysia

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In Malaysia, the upper courts consist of the Federal Court and the Court of Appeal.

The Federal Court is the highest court in the country and has jurisdiction over constitutional matters, civil cases, and criminal cases. It hears appeals from the Court of Appeal and has the power to interpret the Federal Constitution.

The Court of Appeal is the intermediate appellate court and handles appeals from the High Court and certain tribunals. It has jurisdiction over both civil and criminal cases. These upper courts play a crucial role in ensuring the uniform interpretation and application of the law throughout Malaysia's legal system.

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Is there a psychological eontract between the students enrolled in this course and the instructor? What are some of the specifics of this contract? How was the contract detertined?

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The relationship between students and instructors in a course can be seen as a psychological contract. This contract refers to the expectations and obligations that both parties have towards each other.


1. Mutual respect: Both students and instructors should treat each other with respect and professionalism. Students should respect the knowledge and expertise of the instructor, while the instructor should respect the efforts and perspectives of the students.

2. Communication: Effective communication is vital in the student-instructor contract. Students should communicate their needs, concerns, and questions to the instructor, while the instructor should provide clear instructions, feedback, and support.

3. Learning environment: Students have the right to expect a positive and inclusive learning environment where they can express their ideas and opinions without fear of judgment or discrimination. Instructors should foster such an environment and promote active engagement and participation.

4. Learning outcomes: Students have the expectation that the course will provide them with valuable knowledge and skills. Instructors have the responsibility to design and deliver instruction that meets the stated learning objectives of the course.

The determination of the contract is influenced by several factors. These may include the institution's policies and guidelines, the instructor's teaching philosophy, and the course syllabus. Additionally, the contract can be shaped through open discussions, course expectations communicated at the beginning of the semester, and ongoing feedback and adjustments based on student needs and learning outcomes.

Therefore, it's important to note that the specifics of the psychological contract may vary from course to course and institution to institution. It is always a good idea for students and instructors to clarify their expectations and obligations to ensure a productive and fulfilling learning experience.

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A lawsuit can have
A. only a third party
B. always two plaintiffs
C. only one plaintiff and one defendant
D. more than one plaintiff and defendant

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The correct answer is A lawsuit can have C. only one plaintiff and one defendant.

A lawsuit typically involves a legal dispute between two parties: the plaintiff and the defendant. The plaintiff is the party initiating the lawsuit and claiming that their rights have been violated or seeking a legal remedy. The defendant is the party being sued and is required to respond to the plaintiff's claims.

While it is possible for multiple plaintiffs or multiple defendants to be involved in a lawsuit, the fundamental structure of a lawsuit consists of one plaintiff and one defendant. The plaintiff brings the case against the defendant, alleging harm or seeking legal action, and the defendant must defend themselves against the claims made by the plaintiff.

In some cases, there may be additional parties involved in the lawsuit known as third parties. These are individuals or entities who may have some connection to the dispute or who may be affected by the outcome of the case. However, their involvement is typically secondary to the primary plaintiff and defendant.

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The Tort of Trespass protects Select one: a. the rights of employees b. the rights of business tenants (legal possession of the property) c. the right of customers d. the rights of landlords (legal ownership of the property)

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The Tort of Trespass protects the rights of landlords (legal ownership of the property).Trespass is a criminal offense as well as a tort. When an individual enters a property without the permission of the landlord, the tort of trespass is said to have been committed.The answer is D.

Trespass law in the United Kingdom distinguishes between the two kinds of trespass, namely, trespass to land and trespass to goods. The Tort of Trespass, which falls under the heading of Tort Law, gives a person the right to sue if someone interferes with their right to use or enjoy their property.

Trespass to Land refers to someone entering onto land belonging to another person without authorization, either physically or by projecting something onto the property. If someone without authorization enters a property, they are liable for any harm caused. As a result, the Tort of Trespass protects the rights of landlords, who own the property.The answer is D.

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