When a substance cannot move by osmosis or diffusion, it is because it cannot cross the plasma membrane due to its charge or size, and if it is by diffusion, it is because it is against its concentration gradient.
Why can't a substance go through osmosis or diffusion?A substance could not pass through osmosis since only water can pass to the place with the highest concentration. While by diffusion it could not happen due to its size or electric charge, neither if the concentration gradient is against it.
Active transport helps in this by passing elements against their concentration gradient, generating an energy expenditure for this to occur since this movement is not energetically possible.
Therefore, we can confirm that when a substance cannot move by osmosis or diffusion, it is because it cannot cross the plasma membrane due to its charge or size, and if it is by diffusion, it is because it is against its concentration gradient.
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One way that regulation is often studied is by examining the effects of mutations. For example, mutations within the parts of the lac operon have been well studied. Which of these mutants would be considered a constitutive mutant?.
The mutant so one can be taken into consideration as a constitutive mutant is a mutation withinside the gene for the repressor.
In the sphere of biology, a constitutive mutant may be defined as a mutation that outcomes withinside the overproduction of a gene. This situation takes place due to the fact the gene expression for that unique gene turns into uncontrollable.
A constitutive mutant might also additionally motive a mutation to arise withinside the repression of a gene. Repressors are proteins that prevent gene expression for a selected gene.
If, because of a mutation, a repressor is not capable of prevent the gene expression, then this may be a constitutive mutation.
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question 1 which cell type, molecule, or process listed below does not have a function or rolein both the innate and adaptive immune systems?
All the cell types, molecules, or processes listed above have a function or role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. These are macrophages, dendritic cells, complement, AMPs, and phagocytosis.
Innate or nonspecific immunity is the defense system with which we are born. These are the barriers that form the first line of defense in the immune response.
Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system that phagocytose bacteria.
Dendritic cells are responsible for initiating all antigen-specific immune responses. Complement is a system of plasma proteins that can be activated directly by pathogens.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) provide a principal first line of defense against invading pathogens. It is an ancient type of innate immunity found universally in all living organisms.
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Complete question:-
Which cell types, molecule, or process listed below does not have a function or role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems?
A) macrophages
B) dendritic cells
C) complement
D) AMPs
E) phagocytosis
Which ventilation allows warm air to escape while drawing in fresh, cooler air?
O Active
O Passive
O Natural
O Automatic
Passive ventilation allows warm air to escape while drawing in fresh, cooler air.
The correct option is B.
What is ventilation?Air is moved through the conducting tubes between both the lungs and the atmosphere during ventilation, often known as breathing. Pressure gradients created by the diaphragm or thoracic muscles flexing cause the air to travel through the channels.
Why is ventilation important biology?To keep the gradients in gas concentration in the alveoli, a breathing system is required. The concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen between both the blood and the alveoli causes gas diffusion.
What differentiates ventilation from respiration?The processes of respiration and metabolism are separate. Physiologic respiration involves the exchange of gases in the cells and the alveoli (external respiration). Mechanical ventilation involves the movement of air (internal respiration).
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Select more than 1 answer
Plasma is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT
A. carries nutrients like glucose and oxygen
B. carries hormones
C. carries antibodies and antitoxins
D. allows the blood to flow because it is mostly water
E. allows the body to maintain body temperature
F. carries waste products like carbon dioxide
Double-glazing all the windows in a house will cost £4000. It will mean a yearly saving of £200 on
energy bills. What is the payback time in years?
According to the given statement 20 is the payback time in years.
What is energy in Example?Energy can take on a variety of shapes. Examples of these include: electrical energy, energy, energy source, nuclear or atom energy, light energy, heat energy, mechanical power, gravity force, and so on. Each form has the ability to shift or transform into others.
Why is energy so important?Since it is a basic human requirement, energy plays a significant role in our daily lives. Our human-made structures are not only warmed by energy, but also cooled by it. To lift your thumb, get out of bed, or even walk down the street, you need energy.
Briefing:Based on the given conditions, formulate: 4000÷200
Cross out the common factor:20
Get the result:20
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A child is born with cystic fibrosis.
Which statement best describes the alleles possessed by the parents?
Answer:
A (both parents possess at least one recessive allele...)
Explanation:
because cystic fibrosis is a recessive gene generally, it would be best to assume that each parent has passed on the recessive gene.
Mark all of the terms that are related to the structure of DNA.
a
ribonucleic acid
b
guanine
c
double helix
d
hydrogen bonds
e
thymine
f
single helix
g
adenine
h
deoxyribonucleic acid
i
cytosine
j
uracil
11.4 what type of resolution response occurs with each of the following? (a) splinter (b) degradable tissue engineering scaffold (c) titanium bone screw (d) degradable meniscal arrow (used to repair meniscal tears) (e) breast implant (f) artificial heart valve leaflet (g) catheter (h) surface scar tissue (scab) (i) coral implant for bone repair
Extrusion resolution are Splinter, Surface scar tissue (scab), Resorption resolution are Degradable tissue engineering scaffold, Degradable meniscal arrow (used to repair meniscal tears), Integration resolution are Titanium bone screw, Artificial heart valve leaflet, Coral implant for bone repair and Encapsulation resolutions are Breast implant, Catheter.
During the transition from infection to decision, lipid mediator elegance switching takes vicinity wherein preliminary formation of proinflammatory mediators set off the manufacturing of enzymes that allow the reprogramming of leukocytes to generate specialised pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) from the equal PUFA precursors.
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. describe the three processes contributing to urine formation and indicate which way the fluids are moving
Urine is created primarily through three processes: glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Only waste and extra water are removed from the body thanks to these procedures.
What procedures make up glomerular filtration?The glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule restores nutrients to your blood and eliminates wastes, in the two-step process by which the nephrons function. Each nephron contains a glomerulus to filter blood and a tubule to return necessary substances to blood while expelling extra waste.
What exactly does reabsorption entail?Reabsorption. Reabsorption is the process by which water and other solutes are returned to the plasma from the tubule. Various amounts of water and specific solutes are reabsorbed over the whole length of the renal tubule.
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in pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls flower color, are crossed. what percentage will have white flowers?
In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls flower color, are crossed the white flower percentage will be 25%.
In the given question, the allele for a dominant trait is dominant to the purple flower.
The allele for the dominant flower is- P
The two genotypes for the dominant trait- PP
The allele for the white flower is - p
Therefore genotype for recessive trait- pp
The heterogeneous trait will be: Pp
Gene crossing:
If the cross is made between two white flowers that are between Pp x Pp
P p
P Pp Pp
p Pp pp
The probability of a white flower will be 1/4 which means 25%.
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4) How did Jim Curran's team at CDC react to the "new" disease that eventually came to be known as HIV/AIDS? How did their reaction compare or contrast to that of the NIH?
Anyone with HIV was avoided by everyone. The CDC’s reaction to the outbreak was as it should’ve been. And Dr. Jim, with the resources available to him, managed the situation in the best way he could.
What is HIV?
Also known as the human immunodeficiency virus, HIV is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system, making the person prone to more infections and diseases. It spreads through contact by bodily fluids of HIV infected person.
If untreated, HIV can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). The human body cannot fight HIV and no known effective cure exists as of today. So once HIV is contracted, it stays for life.
AIDS is the last stage of HIV, where the immune system is badly damaged.
Since it is a contagious disease, everyone avoided anyone with HIV. The CDC handled it in the best way possible, as did Dr. Jim.
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what are the two components of the cardiovascular system? group of answer choices veins and heart capillaries and veins arteries and heart heart and blood vessels arteries and veins
The two components of the cardiovascular system are arteries and veins. The cardiovascular system is in charge of distributing blood to various regions of the body.
cardiovascular system is made up of the organs and tissues listed below:
A closed blood cardiovascular system, Among these vessels are:
Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood out from the heart.Veins are Blood vessels that return blood to the heart.Capillaries are small blood veins that branch off from arteries to supply blood to all bodily tissues.The body has two blood circulation systems. The first is the circulatory system as a whole. This is the main blood circulatory system that transports blood to the body's organs, tissues, and cells. The pulmonary circulatory system is the second system. The circulatory system transports blood from the heart to the lungs. It is the site where oxygen enters and carbon dioxide exits the circulation.
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lymph nodes may be found individually, or clustered in specific regions of the body. which cluster of lymph nodes receives lymph from the head and neck?
Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes that receive lymph from the head and neck.
The sides and back of the neck include the cervical lymph nodes. Typically, these glands are incredibly tiny. The superficial and deep nodes, which are further divided into anterior and lateral cervical lymph nodes, are how the lymph nodes of the neck are normally arranged. These lymph nodes collect lymphatic drainage from the head lymph nodes and discharge it into the left or right lymphatic duct of the thoracic cavity.
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the major disadvantage of cassava as a dietary staple is that it is very low in protein. significant disadvantage of planting hybrid seeds?
Cassava contains less protein than other cereal grains, and the protein it does contain is of poor quality and contains relatively few important amino acids.
Describe proteins.Large, complex proteins known as protein perform a variety of vital roles in the body. They are crucial for the structure, operation, and control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and carry out the majority of their job inside cells.
What are the primary advantages of protein?A vital component of a processes that give you energy and allow your blood to transport oxygen around your body is protein. Furthermore, it helps in the production of antibodies which fight against infections and diseases & stimulates the development of new cells.
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Compared to other cereal grains, cassava has a lower protein content, and the protein that is there is of poorer quality and contains fewer essential amino acids.
Is cassava a sweet potato substitute?
Despite the fact that the spelling is sometimes confused, the two are unrelated. Similar to potatoes, cassava seems to be a root vegetable which can be prepared in a variety of ways. This starchy tuber has thicker skin and the appearance of a butternut squash or yam on the outside. Cassava seems to have a neutral flavour and a tender, airy texture when cooked.
Is cassava unhealthy for You?
Although cassava has a lot of carbohydrates, it also contains a lot of fiber and a good amount of vitamins and minerals.
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you have generated mutations in the dna sequence of a eukaryotic promoter at its tata box, resulting in severely reduced transcription of the downstream gene. you have identified a suppressor mutation at an independent gene locus that restores transcription of this gene. this suppressor mutation is most likely a dna sequence that encodes:
This suppressor mutation is most likely a DNA sequence that encodes: The TBP domain of the TFIID protein
A suppressor mutation is a second mutation that mitigates or reverses the phenotypic consequences of an already existing mutation in a process known as a synthetic rescue. Therefore, genetic suppression brings back the phenotype that existed before the initial background mutation.
TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a collection of evolutionarily conserved proteins called TBP-associated factors (TAFs) make up the TFIID protein. To the lp with complex assembly and transcription initiation, TAFs can change general transcription factors (GTFs), operate as coactivators, recognize promoters, and engage in basal transcription. TATA-binding protein (TBP), a protein that binds to TATA, is encoded by this gene. The N-terminal region of TATA-binding protein (TBP) is characterized by a lengthy glutamine chain. This area of the protein controls how actively the C terminus binds to DNA, and changes in DNA binding impact how quickly transcription complexes assemble and how quickly transcription begins. Spinocerebellar ataxia 17 is a neurological ailment that is categorized as a polyglutamine disease. It is caused by an extension of the number of CAG repeats, which normally ranges from 25 to 42 and increases the length of the polyglutamine string.
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Explore the biotic and abiotic factors of this system in the Factors menu, including the definitions of how
these factors are measured. Describe the difference between how the fishes are counted and how the
algae and coral are counted.
In ecology, biotic and abiotic elements refer to all living and nonliving components of an ecosystem. Biotic variables are related to living creatures and their interactions. Abiotic variables are non-living ecosystem components such as sunshine, water, temperature, wind, and nutrients.
The fish are estimated within a certain area while the coral and algae are calculated by seeing how many algae and coral cover the reef.
What are the benefits of Abiotic Factors to the Factors Menu?Abiotic variables are non-living elements of the environment that have a significant impact on living organisms. They can assist in determining how tall trees grow, where animals and plants live, and why birds migrate. Water, sunshine, oxygen, soil, and temperature are the most significant abiotic variables.
Abiotic variables are the ecosystem's non-living components, which include chemical and physical elements. Abiotic variables have an impact on other abiotic factors.
Furthermore, they have a significant influence on the diversity and quantity of life in an ecosystem, whether on land or in water. Living creatures would be unable to consume, develop, or reproduce without the presence of abiotic forces. The following is a list of some of the most important abiotic elements.
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the combined effects of inhibitory and excitatory effects on a postsynaptic cell will decide whether that cell generates an action potential. this principle is called .
Combined effects of inhibitory and excitatory effects on a postsynaptic cell decide whether cell generates an action potential and his principle is called summation.
What is summation?Additive effect of several electrical impulses on a neuromuscular junction that is the junction between a nerve cell and muscle cell is called summation. The stimuli cannot evoke a response individually but collectively they can generate a response.
Summation is the process of adding things up and similarly in the case of nervous system, it is about adding up the effect of multiple stimuli.
Summation is a neurotransmitter-induced tug-of-war between all excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Outcome of the contest determines whether a postsynaptic neuron becomes an active element in the neural circuit to which it belongs or not.
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So wind and rain make... *
O
extra water in the ocean
different temperatures of water
O different parts of the ocean have different amounts of salt
O the same temperature and salt in all areas
VERHEADSE
TERESTERE
MERN
Blanse san
SUGHTENER
TOM FEATUIS
digindek
sintisibl
Sentronnic
a relict
Answer:
cc
Explanation:
you have an rna molecule that contains introns. you wish to carry out an in vitro splicing reaction with this rna and cellular extracts. you want to determine if splicing is occuring via self-splicing or through the spliceosome. what enzyme could you add to the reaction to make this determination?
The enzyme could you add to the reaction to make this determination is Protease.
Splicing via the spliceosome requires a protein whereas self-splicing does not, so adding a protease to the reaction that degrades the protein ensures that the RNA is either spliced via self-splicing or spliced via the spliceosome. You can see if it has been spliced. The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNA is that prokaryotic mRNA is polycistronic whereas eukaryotic mRNA is monocistronic.
In addition, multiple structural genes of an operon are transcribed into a single mRNA whereas eukaryotic mRNA contains a single gene that is transcribed into one mRNA molecule. A type of RNA called transfer RNA assembles amino acids of proteins amino acid by amino acid. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a stop codon a three-nucleotide sequence that does not code for an amino acid.
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explain how dark matter gave rise to the structure of the universe
The dark energy does not have any local gravitational effects this energy generate a repulsive force, which tends to accelerate the expansion of the universe.
Dark matter played an important role in the formation of galaxies. Many studies have shown how location of dark matter in the universe depends on the light from distant galaxies bends as it reaches toward us.
Gravity and dark energy have involved in a cosmic pull and push. Gravity pulls galaxies closer together while dark energy pushes them apart. As a result universe is expansion or contraction depends on what force dominating, gravity or dark energy.
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Which factor most likely results in the loss of genetic variation from a small population?.
Answer: one of the factors can be genetic drift! Due to stochastic sampling error
Explanation:
although birds and mammals descended from different ancestors, they both have a four-chambered heart. this is the result of
Although birds and mammals descended from different ancestors but they both have a four-chambered heart and this is the result of convergent evolution.
How do birds and mammals have a four-chambered heart?
Birds and mammals have a four-chambered heart because of convergent evolution.
Both in mammals and birds, the heart is divided into four chambers that are: two atria and two ventricles. Oxygenated blood is separated from deoxygenated blood which improves efficiency of double circulation that required for supporting the warm-blooded lifestyle of mammals and birds.
Mammals have four main parts to the heart, a left and a right atrium and a left and a right ventricle which is called a four-chambered heart and other mammals and birds also have four-chambered hearts.
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a 75 year-old male presents to the er with the following stroke findings: right-sided hemiparesis (face and hand more affected than leg), homonymous hemianopsia of the right half of both visual fields, and aphasia. where is the location of his stroke?
B-shaped middle cerebral artery. As well as sensory findings in the PCA, amourosis fugax, or visual abnormalities in the internal carotid (ACA findings more common in the legs than the hands),
What are some homonym examples?Homophones are two words that have completely different meanings yet share the same spelling or sound. One wonderful homonym is "bear," which in addition being the word of an animal, also denotes "tolerating anything."
Why are homophones used?Numerous advantageous learning opportunities are provided by homophones. With the use of homophones, students may more clearly appreciate the benefits of phonemic writing and the variations between English pronunciation and spelling.
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Which of these is produced during photosynthesis?
A. chemical energy
B. water
C. carbon dioxide
Answer:
it's A
Explanation:
the chemical energy is in the glucose it produces along with the oxygen.
if heterozygous round crossed with homozygous round produce 2400 plant how many plant are pure round
If heterozygous round plant is crossed with a homozygous round plant, then it will produce 2400 plant from which 1200 plants were pure round i.e., homozygous (RR).
What is Inheritance?Inheritance is the transfer of characters from the parent generation to the offspring. It takes place through the DNA which contains chromosomes and genes. The genes are responsible for the development of various characteristics in the daughter generation.
According to Mendel's genetics, for each character or gene a pair of contrasting alleles which code for different phenotype is present.
Here, a heterozygous round plant (with two different alleles) is crossed with a homozygous round plant, which results into the production of 2400 plants in the F1 generation.
Therefore, the total number of plants which are pure round can be calculated by Punnett square.
Pure round plants are the plants which are homozygous (RR) and pure wrinkled plants are (rr).
Therefore, the number of plants which are pure red = 1/2 of the total plants or 50% of the total plants.
Thus, number of pure round plants = 1/2 × 2400
Number of pure round plants = 1200
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A long string of codons for amino acids, uninterrupted by a stop codon is called?.
Answer:
open reading frame
Explanation:
DNA molecule converted to amino acids as stated and has no stop codons = open reading frame
phenotypes that are influenced by the combined effects of both genetic and environmental factors are called
Phenotypic plasticity is the effect of both genetic and environmental factors.
What is Phenotypic plasticity?
It is basically defined as the ability of single genotypes to make different phenotypes when they are exposed to various environmental factors. It permits species to keep up with environmental changes (global changes) due to its environmental variability response mechanism.
Phenotypic plasticity is particularly crucial for plants, whose life style requires them to deal with constant ambient changes.
For example: water flea(daphnia) clones which are genetically identical, can have different morphologies depending on whether they were grown in presence or absence of predator.
Therefore, Phenotypic plasticity is the effect of both genetic and environmental factors
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nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue: a.adenoids b.paranasal sinuses c.mucosa d.epiglottis e.visceral pleura
The correct answer is a) Adenoids
They are present high up ion the throat behind nose. Adenoid glands are a part of the immune system that help in fighting the body against pathological bacteria and viruses that may cause infection. The adenoids are removed during an adenoidectomy if they have grown swollen or enlarged due to an infection or allergies. The lymphatic system fights infection and maintain body fluids in balance.
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Match the following facts about food chains and food webs.
______ show one set of predator/prey relationship
______ show all predator/prey relationships in the ecosystem
______ shows how energy is passed through different consumers
______ Does not include producers
a. Both food chains and food webs
b. Food chains
c. Food webs
d. Wrong since both food chains
and food webs do this
Answer:
- Food chains show one set of predator/prey relationship
- Food webs show all predator/prey relationships in the ecosystem
- Both food chains and food webs shows how energy is passed through different consumers
I'm pretty sure this is correct. I hope it helps :)
Analyze factors that affect carrying compacity
The factors that affect carrying capacity include the following:
FoodShelterWater etc.What is Carrying capacity?This is an ecological term which refers to the maximum number of individuals of a species that the environment can carry and sustain and is dependent on some factors such as food, shelter etc.
In the case of food, shelter and water , their availability in large proportion means that the number of species which the environment can sustain will be higher due to them having a direct relationship.
In the case of the organisms eating well and having a safe shelter , their reproductive rate will increase which will lead to more number of organisms being present in the environment and will therefore increase the carrying capacity in this scenario.
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