Answer:
because convection currents in the mantle provide the basic driving forces for plate motions
Explanation:
The motions of the Earth's tectonic plates are caused by the movement of the underlying mantle. The mantle is divided into two major layers: the upper lithospheric mantle and the lower asthenospheric mantle, through them the plate motions are connected with the movements of the mantle below.
The connection between the plate motions and the rest of the earts mantleThe plate motions are directly connected with the motions within the Earth's mantle. The Earth's mantle is a layer of solid rock that is located beneath the Earth's crust. This layer is constantly moving due to convection currents, which are caused by the heat from the Earth's core.
These convection currents cause the plates on the Earth's surface to move, which is known as plate tectonics. The plate motions are responsible for:
Creating mountains.Earthquakes.Volcanic eruptions.The movement of the plates also causes the creation and destruction of the Earth's crust. Therefore, the plate motions are directly connected with the motions within the Earth's mantle, and they are responsible for many of the Earth's geological features.
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the pacific ocean basin has a lot of earthquakes because it is surrounded by _____.
The so-called Ring of Fire, an area with a high frequency of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, is formed by volcanic arcs and oceanic trenches that partially encircle the Pacific Basin.
An earthquake is a sudden slip on a fault that causes the earth to tremble. The sides of the fault are forced together by stresses in the outer layer of the earth. When pressure builds up and the rocks suddenly slip, waves of energy are released, traveling through the earth's crust and causing the shaking we experience during an earthquake. As they move slowly and continuously against one another, the tectonic plates grind and scrape against one another, creating faults. For instance, there are two plates in California: the Pacific Plate, which stretches from western California to Japan and includes a large portion of the Pacific Ocean's floor, and the North American Plate. United States Plate (which is most of the North American continent and parts of the Atlantic Ocean). Along the San Andreas Fault, the Pacific Plate advances northwestward past the North American Plate at a rate of around two inches each year. There are numerous little shocks and a few moderate earth earthquakes as a result of the San Andreas Fault system's continual "creep" adaptation to this movement. In some areas, strain can accumulate over hundreds of years before finally releasing and causing large earthquakes. On previously unknown faults, both large and small earthquakes can happen; recent quakes in Virginia and Alabama are prime instances.
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the image shows mount st. helens two years after its 1980 eruption. given the shape of the volcano and presence of a lava dome (source of the steam), what is the most likely composition of the associated magma?
Mount St. Helens is a stratovolcano, which is typically associated with explosive eruptions. In the case of Mount St. Helens, the 1980 eruption was a very violent explosive eruption that produced a massive eruption column and pyroclastic flows.
Mount St. Helens is a stratovolcano located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Stratovolcanoes are tall, conical mountains that are composed of alternating layers of solidified lava, ash, and other volcanic debris that have accumulated over time. These volcanoes are typically associated with explosive eruptions due to the characteristics of the magma that they produce.
In the case of Mount St. Helens, the 1980 eruption was a particularly violent and catastrophic event that resulted in the loss of many lives and significant damage to the surrounding area. The eruption produced a massive eruption column that reached an altitude of over 15 miles, and pyroclastic flows that traveled at high speeds across the landscape.
The presence of a lava dome in the aftermath of the eruption indicates that the magma associated with Mount St. Helens is relatively viscous, or thick, and is rich in silica and volatile compounds. This type of magma is referred to as felsic or silicic magma, and it is characterized by a high viscosity, or resistance to flow, due to its high silica content.
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humans spread out of africa and across the rest of earth starting about 100,000 years ago, see the map of human migration below that is annotated with routes and times of migration in years before present (each arrow represents a new colonization). the effective population sizes of groups migrating into new geographic regions (e.g. europe) were typically very small (about 2,000 for the european case). given the pattern of human migration, and assuming that founder effects are stronger when longer distances are traveled, what part of the world should we expect the native human population to show the lowest amount of genetic variation?
Based on the pattern of human migration and assuming that founder effects are stronger when longer distances are traveled, we would expect the native human population of the Americas to show the lowest amount of genetic variation.
The native human population of the Americas is expected to show the lowest amount of genetic variation due to the founder effect that occurred during their colonization. The migration of humans out of Africa and into the Americas required crossing the Bering Strait, which was the longest distance of travel and established a small founder population of about 2,000 individuals. This small group of individuals carried only a subset of the genetic variation present in the larger population. This founder effect resulted in a reduction of genetic diversity in the population, as the genetic variation that was lost was random.
Founder effects are more significant when longer distances are traveled, and smaller founder populations are more likely to lose a significant amount of genetic variation. As a result, populations that were established through small founder populations are expected to have lower levels of genetic variation compared to populations that were established through larger founder populations. Therefore, the native human population of the Americas is expected to have the lowest amount of genetic variation due to the small founder population that colonized the Americas.
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this case study built upon what we covered in module 3 on groundwater. you are introduced to the differences between anthropogenic and geogenic contamination. if you are from the san antonio area, you know that we get most of our water from the edwards aquifer which is a cavernous limestone aquifer. the edwards runs roughly from the southwest around uvalde to the northeast toward austin, and water flows the same general direction. since it encompasses such a large area it runs through farmland, small towns, industrial areas, and cities. discuss the ways in which the aquifer could be contaminated by human activity, and the possible ways that it could be contaminated by geogenic sources. what careers outside of science would be involved in monitoring and mitigating contamination of the aquifer? what technologies might be valuable in helping with monitoring and mitigation?
The Edwards Aquifer in the San Antonio area is a critical source of water for many people, but it is vulnerable to contamination from both anthropogenic and geogenic sources.
Anthropogenic sources of contamination can include:
1. Agricultural runoff: Pesticides and fertilizers used in agriculture can seep into the soil and contaminate the groundwater.
2. Industrial activities: Industrial waste and chemicals can seep into the soil and contaminate the groundwater.
3. Improperly constructed or maintained septic systems: Septic systems can leak and contaminate the groundwater with fecal matter and other contaminants.
4. Landfills: Landfills can leak contaminants into the groundwater.
Geogenic sources of contamination can include:
1. Naturally occurring contaminants: Some areas may naturally have higher levels of contaminants such as arsenic or fluoride in the groundwater due to geological processes.
2. Saltwater intrusion: The Edwards Aquifer is a freshwater aquifer, but saltwater from the Gulf of Mexico can intrude into the aquifer in coastal areas, contaminating the freshwater.
To monitor and mitigate contamination of the aquifer, careers outside of science that may be involved could include legal professionals, policymakers, and public health officials. Legal professionals may be involved in drafting and enforcing regulations and laws related to groundwater contamination, while policymakers may be involved in developing strategies and funding programs to mitigate contamination. Public health officials may be involved in monitoring and assessing the health impacts of groundwater contamination on local communities.
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what is the gulf between russia and finland called?
The gulf between Russia and Finland is called the Gulf of Finland.
It is a shallow basin that connects the Baltic Sea with the Neva River in St. Petersburg.
The gulf is approximately 400 km long and 120 km wide at its widest point. The waters of the gulf are brackish and contain a variety of marine life. The gulf has significant strategic and economic importance, as it serves as a major shipping route for goods traveling between Russia and Finland. In addition, the gulf is also a popular tourist destination, with many recreational activities and sights to explore. Despite its importance, the gulf has been a site of historical tensions between Russia and Finland.
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Is it true all the world’s glaciers are retreating and levels rise explain your answers
Almost all glaciers are currently retreating due to a negative mass balance.
The low-elevation portion of the glacier is lost due to glacier retreat. According to a recent study, the world's glaciers are melting and receding more quickly than previously anticipated, with two-thirds of them expected to disappear by the end of the century if present climate change trends continue. Since at least the 1970s, glaciers have generally been losing mass worldwide (see Figure 1), which has contributed to the documented fluctuations in sea level (see the Sea Level indicator). The glaciers appear to have been losing mass since the 1950s, according to a longer measurement record from fewer glaciers. This phenomenon is primarily the result of human activity. in particular, since the Glaciers are rapidly melting, calving off into the sea, and retreating on land as a result of increased temperatures brought on by the industrial revolution, carbon dioxide emissions, and other greenhouse gas emissions.
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Of the following, what is generally true regarding push factors?
Responses
They open up opportunity.
They are generally negative.
They are enticing.
They always involve international movement.
Answer:They are generally negative
Explanation:A push factor is what pushes somebody away from an area; the movement does not always have to be international, therefore, push factors are generally negative.
Push factors are generally involve international movement. Hence, option (b) can be considered as the relevant choice of answer.
Give a brief account on Human migration.The movement of people with the intention of relocating, either temporarily or permanently, to a new location is referred to as human migration. Moving across great distances and from one country to another is common, but internal migration is also possible—in fact, it is the most common type of human migration worldwide. A second relocation may be made easier by the improved human capital that migration is frequently linked to, both at the individual and household levels, as well as through increased access to migratory networks. Studies have shown that migration is the most direct path out of poverty, and it has a significant potential to advance human development. Age has a role in migrating for both work and non-work reasons. Individuals, families, and big groups of people can all move. Migration can take the following four main forms: invasion, conquest, colonisation, and emigration/immigration.
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1. Which trig function should we use to solve for x in the image below? *
12
H
37
X
Sine (Sin)
O Cosine (Cos)
O Tangent (Tan)
Cosine is the trig function should we use to solve for x in the image below. Hence, option B is correct.
What is trigonometric?Trigonometry is the study of the relationships between the angles and the lengths of the sides of triangles
The six trigonometric functions are sin , cos , tan , cosec , sec and cot
Let the angle be θ, such that
sin θ = opposite / hypotenuse
cos θ = adjacent / hypotenuse
tan θ = opposite / adjacent
tan θ = sin θ / cos θ
cosec θ = 1/sin θ
sec θ = 1/cos θ
cot θ = 1/tan θ
Given data,
Let the triangle be ΔABC , where ∠B = 90°
Let the side AB be x
So , the adjacent side = x
The angle of the triangle ∠A is = 72°
So , θ = 72°
The hypotenuse AC = 8
And , by trigonometric relations , we get
cos θ = adjacent / hypotenuse
Substituting the values in the equations, we get
cos 72° = x / 8
Multiply by 8 on both sides, we get
x = cos 72° × 8
Now, cos 72° = 0.30901
Substituting the value of cos 72° , we get
x = 0.30901 × 8
x = 2.472
Thus, option B is correct.
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From the timing of lunar eclipses, the Ancient Greeks were able to?
calculate the distance from the Earth to the Moon
Answer:
The average distance to the Moon is 382,500 km.
Explanation:
the jet stream is a global pattern of atmospheric movement that influences patterns in local weather. based on the information provided in the weather map, which city shown most recently experienced a drop in temperature?
The information provided in a weather map showing the jet stream can be used to identify which city has experienced a drop in temperature.
The jet stream is typically depicted as a narrow band of strong winds at high altitudes, often shown in bright colors or bold lines on weather maps.The position and direction of the jet stream can have a major influence on local weather patterns, as it can carry cold or warm air masses from one region to another.When the jet stream is positioned over a particular region, it can cause temperatures in that area to drop.By analyzing the position and direction of the jet stream on a weather map, it is possible to determine which cities are likely to experience changes in temperature.If the jet stream is flowing from west to east, for example, then cities located to the west of the jet stream will generally experience warmer temperatures, while cities to the east will be cooler.If the jet stream is meandering or fluctuating, then the impacts on local temperatures can be more complex and difficult to predict.
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What is a levee?
What is a meander?
The series of processes in which rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes is called: ________
The series of processes in which rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes is called the rock cycle.
What is the rock cycle?Crystallization, metamorphism, and sedimentation are the three processes that are responsible for the transformation of one rock into another. By undergoing one or more of these processes, any type of rock has the potential to metamorphose into any other type of rock. This results in the formation of the rock cycle.
The rock cycle is an explanation of the relationships between the three different types of rocks and how the mechanisms that alter rocks from one type to another over time. Due to the cyclical nature of this process, the transformation of rock is referred to as a geologic cycle and, on planets that support life, a biogeochemical cycle.
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rank the following steps describing how a clastic sedimentary rock forms from its pre-existing parent rock. 1) lithification 2) deposition 3) transportation 4) weathering 5) erosion
Weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and lithification are the five steps in the formation of a clastic sedimentary rock from its pre-existing parent rock.
Weathering is the first step in the process of clastic sedimentary rock formation. Weathering is the breakdown of the parent rock into smaller pieces due to the action of wind, water, and temperature changes.
Erosion is the second step in the process of clastic sedimentary rock formation. Erosion is the process by which the smaller pieces of the parent rock are removed from the surface and transported to other locations due to the action of wind, water, and ice.
Transportation is the third step in the process of clastic sedimentary rock formation. Transportation involves the movement of the smaller pieces of the parent rock from one location to another.
Deposition is the fourth step in the process of clastic sedimentary rock formation. Deposition is the process of the smaller pieces of the parent rock being deposited in a new location.
Lithification is the fifth and final step in the process of clastic sedimentary rock formation. Lithification is the process of the smaller pieces of the parent rock being compacted and cemented together to form a solid rock.
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Full Question: Rank the following steps describing how a clastic sedimentary rock forms from its pre-existing parent rock. (5 items) (Drag and drop into the appropriate area). weathering, lithification, deposition, transportation, erosion
what periods of the paleozoic era are not represented by rock of the grand canyon? how might you account for such age gaps
The Paleozoic Era is a geological time period that spans from approximately 542 million years ago to 251 million years ago.
The Grand Canyon is an iconic geological feature in the southwestern United States, and it is composed primarily of rocks from the Paleozoic Era. However, there are some periods within the Paleozoic Era that are not represented by rocks in the Grand Canyon.
Specifically, the Silurian and Devonian periods are not represented, which account for a gap of around 100 million years.
One possible explanation for this gap is that the rock layers that were present during these periods were eroded away over time, either through natural processes like weathering and erosion or through a tectonic activity like uplift and folding.
Another possibility is that sediment deposition during these periods simply did not occur in the area that is now the Grand Canyon, due to changing sea levels and other environmental factors.
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As a rule of thumb, altitude corrections of less than 100 feet should be corrected by using ______
As a rule of thumb, altitude corrections of less than 100 feet should be corrected by using half the amount of the correction.
This rule of thumb is used in aviation to make small adjustments to altimeters, which measure an aircraft's altitude above sea level. Altitude corrections may be necessary due to changes in atmospheric pressure or other factors that can affect the accuracy of the altimeter.
When making small altitude corrections of less than 100 feet, pilots and air traffic controllers typically use half the amount of the correction. For example, if the altimeter reads 3,000 feet and the correct altitude is 3,100 feet, a correction of 100 feet is needed. To make this correction, the pilot or controller would adjust the altimeter setting by half the amount, or 50 feet, to bring the indicated altitude to 3,050 feet.
This rule of thumb helps to ensure that small altitude corrections are made accurately and efficiently, without over-correcting or under-correcting the altimeter. It is important for pilots and controllers to have a clear understanding of how to make altitude corrections and to follow established procedures to ensure safe and efficient flight operations.
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Our Christian Faith confesses that Jesus is the only Son of God, our Lord. TRUE OR FALSE
Our Christian Faith confesses that Jesus is the only Son of God, our Lord.
The given statement is true.
This statement reflects a core belief of the Christian faith. Christians believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God and that he is the Lord and Savior of all who believe in him. This belief is based on the teachings of the Bible, which describe Jesus as the only Son of God, who came to earth to offer salvation to all who would believe in him. Christians believe that Jesus is the perfect representation of God and that he offers the only way to salvation and eternal life. This belief in Jesus as the Son of God and the Lord is a foundational element of Christian theology and shapes the faith, worship, and practices of Christians around the world.
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what type of bond results from the end‑on overlap of orbitals?
Answer:
sigma bond
Explanation:
when you look at the sky on a dark night and see stars of different colors, which are the hottest?
Blue stars are the hottest
Answer both questions for Brainliest
In which world region would core countries be predominant? (Check your Wallerstein’s World Systems map)
In which world region would primary countries be predominant? (Check your Wallerstein’s World Systems map)
Answer: Core countries are predominant in western areas, i.e. Western Europe, US, Canada, Australia. I am not sure what the question is referring to by "primary" but semi-periphery countries are developing nations like Mexico and China, while periphery countries are poor, more economically insignificant countries like many African and Asian countries.
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how does the largest asteroid, ceres, compare in size to other solar system worlds? A) It is larger than Pluto and Mercury. B) It is about the size of a large jovian moon. C) It is about the size of Pluto. D) It is about a quarter the size of the Moon. E) It is smaller than any jovian moon
The largest asteroid, Ceres, is actually quite a sizable object in the solar system.
Compared to other solar system worlds, it is larger than Pluto and Mercury, which rules out options A and C. However, it is not as large as any of the jovian moons, which rules out option E.
Option B is partially correct in that Ceres is comparable in size to some large moons in the outer solar system. In fact, Ceres has a diameter of about 590 miles (940 kilometers), which is similar in size to some of the larger moons of Jupiter, such as Callisto (diameter of 2,995 miles or 4,821 kilometers) or Ganymede (diameter of 3,273 miles or 5,262 kilometers).
Option D is the closest to the correct answer. Ceres is about 590 miles (940 kilometers) in diameter, which is roughly a quarter the size of Earth's Moon (diameter of 2,159 miles or 3,474 kilometers). Therefore, the correct answer is D) It is about a quarter the size of the Moon.
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What gases are found in the troposphere?
Rank the following steps describing how a clastic sedimentary rock forms from its pre-existing parent rock.
1. weathering
2. erosion
3. transportation
4. deposition
5. lithification
Weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and lithification are the five steps how a clastic sedimentary rock forms from its pre-existing parent rock.
The five steps in the development of a clastic sedimentary rock from its pre-existing parent rock are eathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and lithification.
The production of clastic sedimentary rocks begins with weathering. The breaking down of the parent rock into smaller fragments as a result of wind, water, and temperature changes is known as weathering.
The second stage of the development of clastic sedimentary rocks is erosion. Smaller fragments of the parent rock are removed from the surface during erosion and carried to new areas by the force of wind, water, and ice.
The third stage of the creation of clastic sedimentary rocks is transportation. Moving the smaller fragments of the parent rock from one place to another is referred to as transportation.
The fourth stage of the creation of clastic sedimentary rocks is deposition. Smaller fragments of the parent rock are deposited in a new area throughout the deposition process.
The fifth and last step in the production of clastic sedimentary rocks is lithification. Lithification is the process of compacting and cementing the tiny fragments of the parent rock to create a solid rock.
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What are the most valuable resources found in Australia and the Pacific
The most valuable resources found in Australia and the Pacific include:
Minerals Oil and natural gas What minerals are found in the Pacific ?Australia is one of the world's largest producers of minerals, including iron ore, coal, gold, and bauxite. The Pacific region is also rich in minerals such as nickel, gold, and copper.
Australia has large reserves of natural gas, and the Pacific region, especially Papua New Guinea, is an important producer of oil and natural gas. The Pacific region have large areas of fertile agricultural land that are used to produce a variety of crops, including wheat, cotton, and sugarcane.
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There are :
Timber Fish Agricultural landMineralsWhich edge of this map is north?
O top
Oright side
O bottom
O left side
Answer: The top edge of the map is typically considered north.
Explanation:
In traditional cartographic convention, the top edge of a map is usually considered north, while the bottom edge is south, the right edge is east, and the left edge is west. This convention helps to orient the reader and align the map with the geographical coordinates used in navigation.
It's worth noting that this convention is not universal and may vary depending on the context and the type of map. Some maps may have different orientations, such as upside-down or rotated, and may use different symbols or colors to indicate direction. Additionally, some maps may use different projections or scales, which can affect the representation of direction and distance.
So, in answer to the question, the top edge of the map is typically considered north.
Answer:
Explanation:
its the top
im sorry for confusing you about a map.
the sierra nevada is a linear chain of mountains, whereas the basin and range province is composed of multiple linear ranges. what accounts for this difference?
The difference between the Sierra Nevada and the Basin and Range Province is due to the different geological processes that formed them.
The Sierra Nevada was formed primarily by the uplift and folding of the Earth's crust, along with volcanic activity. This created a long, linear chain of mountains that runs parallel to the California coast. The Sierra Nevada is relatively uniform in its geological composition and structure, which contributes to its linear nature.
In contrast, the Basin and Range Province is characterized by a series of alternating mountain ranges and valleys. This is due to the complex interplay between tectonic forces and the geology of the region. The Basin and Range Province was formed by the stretching and thinning of the Earth's crust, which created numerous normal faults that led to the formation of long, linear mountain ranges separated by broad valleys. The different geological structures and materials in each of the ranges also contribute to the variability of their shapes and sizes.
Overall, the Sierra Nevada's uniform geological composition and structure, combined with the different geological processes that formed the Basin and Range Province, account for the difference in their respective linear and multi-linear nature.
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what is the capital of the african country of zambia?
Dark moths began to outnumber white moths in cities after the Industrial Revolution. What is the most likely reason for this change? a. Light-colored moths mutated into dark colored moths.
b. Light-colored moths began to die due to overpopulation.
c. Light-colored moths were less favored for survival in the new environment.
d. Light-colored moths began to turn black because of factory pollution.
In a dark forest, dark moths can survive longer and have more time to reproduce. Natural selection produces responses in all living things.
In contaminated forests, it was discovered that over 100 additional species of moth gradually became darker. This impact is known scientifically as industrial melanism. The peppered moth's evolution is an example of how air pollution during the Industrial Revolution caused directional color changes in the moth population. At that time, a manifestation of industrial melanism was the rise in the number of dark-colored moths. The light peppered moth was widespread before the Industrial Revolution, whereas the black kind was quite uncommon. The white insects matched the white trees in hue. The tree colors were altered by the Industrial Revolution, though. However, as the Industrial Revolution started to really take off in the 1800s, pollution from the dense industrial smoke and soot killed off lichens and darkened tree trunks and walls in towns and cities. As a result, the paler moths became more visible to predators, while the darker variety became more camouflaged. Before 1850, most moths in England were light and lived in light-colored trees. When the industrial revolution hit England, black soot was released into the air and stuck to the trees, causing them to darken in coloration. During this time, light moth populations decreased and the number of black moths increased.
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Why does climate change pose a threat to human health?
Question 23 options:
It is causing more extreme weather events--including cyclones, typhoons, and hurricanes.
Natural disasters such as drought and flooding are more destructive than ever before
Sea levels are rising which results in destruction to coastal habitats
All of the above
Answer:All of the Above
Explanation:
Climate change is said to cause all three of these, therefore the answer is all of the above
which country was not interested in establishing colonies in the smaller caribbean islands
The country that was not interested in establishing colonies in the smaller Caribbean islands was the United States.
Why was the US not interested in establishing colonies in the Caribbean?While European powers such as Spain, France, and Britain were heavily involved in colonizing the Caribbean, the United States generally focused on expanding its territory within North America and did not have the same interest in establishing colonies in the Caribbean.
Therefore, the United States was not interested in establishing colonies in the smaller Caribbean islands
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when less energy is radiated from a terrestrial planet, its _______ increases until a new __________ is achieved
When less energy is radiated from a terrestrial planet, its temperature decreases until a new equilibrium is achieved.
Terrestrial planets, such as Earth, have a balance of incoming and outgoing energy that determines their surface temperature. The incoming energy is primarily from the Sun, while the outgoing energy is radiated back into space as thermal radiation from the planet's surface and atmosphere. This balance of incoming and outgoing energy is known as the planet's energy budget.
If there is a decrease in the amount of energy radiated from a terrestrial planet, its temperature will start to decrease as well. This could occur if there is an increase in the planet's reflectivity, or albedo, which would reduce the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the planet's surface. It could also occur if there is a decrease in the amount of greenhouse gases in the planet's atmosphere, which would reduce the amount of thermal radiation trapped by the atmosphere.
As the temperature of the planet decreases, it will radiate less energy back into space, and the incoming and outgoing energy will start to approach a new equilibrium. This new equilibrium will be reached when the incoming and outgoing energy balance is restored, and the planet's temperature stabilizes at a new, lower value.
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