How many equivalence points will a titration between sodium hydroxide and acetic acid have?.

Answer:

The most vigorous reaction, between two elements for the formation of an ionic compound, in theory, would be between the most electronegative element and the least electronegative element, Fluorine and Francium respectively, according to the Pauling scale. So it would be 2Fr + F2 ->2FrF. But for a more practically reasonable choice, because Francium has a very short half-life, would be Caesium and Fluorine because Caesium is just right above Francium, being in the same group (Group 1 / IA). 2Cs + F2 -> 2CsF. In both cases, the outermost electron of the Caesium/Francium atom will be taken by the Fluorine atom, in the process, releasing a massive amount of energy.

Explanation:

Although chemical reactions can involve any of the other hundred-plus elements on the periodic table, it turns out that most of the familiar energy-releasing reactions involve only hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. Consider again the reaction, which involves only hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Metals often react with nonmetals to form ionic compounds. These compounds are composed of positive and negative ions formed by adding or subtracting electrons from neutral atoms and molecules. Nonmetals combine with each other to form covalent compounds, which exist as neutral molecules.

The frequency of electromagnetic waves with an energy of 9.89×10-18 J is 1.492 ×10^16 Hz.

What are electromagnetic waves?

These are the waves created due to the vibration caused between two fields, i.e., electric field and magnetic field.

In simple words, it originates from the oscillating magnetic and electric field.  The electromagnetic spectrum gives us a range of frequency, wavelength and Energies.

It is used to classify the electromagnetic waves and arrange them according to their order of frequencies and wavelength.

Frequency = Energy/ Planck's constant

f= E/h

h=6.626×10^-34 J s

⇒9.89×10^-18/6.626×10^-34

⇒1.492×10^16 Hz.

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The number of moles are equal to 4.0 × 10²⁵ atoms of tungsten is 0.6624 moles.

Mole is the amount of substance that contain the element chemical units present in 12 g of carbon - 12.

given that :

number of  present in atoms of tungsten =  4.0 × 10²⁵

1 mole contains = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms

therefore, 4.0 × 10²⁵ atom will contains :

number of moles = 4.0 × 10²⁵ / 6.022 × 10²³

number of moles = 0.6642 moles.

Thus, The number of moles are equal to 4.0 × 10²⁵ atoms of tungsten is 0.6624 moles.

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Volume of a 0.158 m potassium hydroxide solution is required to neutralize 27.5 ml of a 0.361 m nitric acid solution is 0.0159 ml

Volume is the measure of the capacity that an object hold

Here given data is

0.158 m potassium hydroxide solution is required to neutralize 27.5 ml of a 0.361 m nitric acid solution

And the balanced equation is

HNO₃ + KOH → KNO₃ + H₂O

And from the given equation

Mole ratio of acid HNO₃ i.e (nA) = 1

Mole ratio of base KOH i.e (nB) =1

And the molarity of  HNO₃ i.e (Ma) = 0.361 m

Volume of base of KOH i.e (Vb) = ?

Molarity of base KOH i.e (Mb) =  0.158 M

Volume of acid HNO₃ i.e (Va) = 27.5 ml

Then MaVa/MbVb

27.5 ml × 0.361 m /0.158 M × Vb = 1/1

9.9275 = 0.158 M × Vb

Vb =  0.158 M/9.9275

Vb = 0.0159 ml

Therefore,0.0159 ml of potassium hydroxide solution is required for the reaction

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As we know that, bond polarity and  the ionic character of any compound increases with raise in the difference of the electronegativity.

The percentage of ionic character of the bond increases with δen. An arbitrary value of 50% ionic character separates ionic from covalent bonding.

What does covalent bonding explain?

When two or more atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, a covalent bond is formed. These electrons are attracted to two neutrons and protons simultaneously. A covalent bond is formed when the difference between the electrical configurations of two atoms is too small for an electrochemical reaction to occur and ions to be produced.

What properties do covalent bonds have?

Bonds between atoms in covalent compounds share electrons. They have distinct physical properties, such as lower melting points and electrical conductivity than ionic compounds, due to the sharing of electrons.

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A quantity that can be determined by using logarithms is a substance's pH. The base-10 logarithm can be used to calculate this. We multiply the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration by a negative number.

The hydrogen ion concentration of his saliva is 0.0000013 gram moles per liter.

Marco's saliva is said to have a pH of 5.9. We can solve for this number since we have an equation that determines the pH from the hydrogen ion concentration.

We must use the inverse of this logarithm to obtain the value of this variable because the pH is calculated using the logarithm with a base of 10. To do this, raise both sides by a factor of 10.

The pH of saliva typically ranges from 6.2 to 7.6, with 6.7 being the average. The mouth's pH is not below 6.3 while it is at rest. Saliva helps to keep the pH of the mouth cavity close to neutral (6.7–7.3). There are two ways that saliva helps to keep the pH balanced.

Potential Hydrogen, or pH, is an acronym that indicates how much hydrogen is present in liquids and how active the hydrogen ion is.

An acidic pH is A pH of less than 7 results in acidic saliva, which can seriously harm your smile. Your smile will likely experience acid erosion when you have acidic saliva, which can eventually cause enamel loss, tooth decay, and cavities.

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1. The answer to the statement above" Is this system at equilibrium " is yes as the reaction rate for both forward and reverse reaction are all equal.

It follows that from the reactions above, the concentration of A above is 1.5M and that of B is also 1.5, the resultant concentration is still 1.5M. This implies that the concentration of the A and B are constant throughout in the equilibrium reaction.

The major reason why the concentrations of B and that of A are the same is simply because both the forward and backward reactions are the same in all areas.

The major significance of equilibrium reactions is that it helps us to understand the direction of chemical reaction

So therefore, we can now confirm from the explanation above that a system is said to be at equilibrium when there is no change in the amounts or concentration of the reactants and products.

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The percent ionic character of a bond increases with δen. An arbitrary value of 50% ionic character divides ionic from covalent bonding.

When two or more atoms share one or more couples of electrons, a covalent connection is created. These electrons are being drawn to the two neutrons and protons at the same time. A covalent bond is created when the difference between the two atoms' electrical configurations gets too small for an electrochemical reaction to happen and produce ions.

Bonds between atoms in covalent compounds share electrons. They possess distinctive physical characteristics, such as lower melting temperatures and electrical conductivity contrasted to ionic compounds, as a result of the sharing of electrons.

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The statement that best describes why NASA crashed DART into an asteroid is  option A; NASA wanted to know if crashing a satellite into an asteroid would be enough to change the course of the asteroid.

Double Asteroid Redirection Test is the name of the first "planetary defense" test that the US space agency, in collaboration with researchers at Johns Hopkins University, carried out to determine whether it was possible to change the course of an asteroid in deep space if one ever got close enough to threaten Earth.

The 'planetary defense' experiment on the Dart mission seeks to determine whether Armageddon-style impacts can be avoided.

Therefore, The world's first planetary defense technology demonstration, NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), successfully impacted its asteroid target on Monday after spending 10 months in space. This was the agency's first attempt to move an asteroid in orbit.

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Acetylene (C₂H₂) is used in welding torches, because it produces an extremely hot flame when it burns.  grams of carbon dioxide are formed in the combustion of 6.50 g of acetylene is 22 g.

the balanced reaction is given as :

2C₂H₂   +   5O₂    ----->    4CO₂  +   2H₂O

mass of C₂H₂  = 6.50 g

molar mass of C₂H₂ = 26 g/mol

number of moles of C₂H₂  = mass / molar mass

                                            = 6.50 / 26

                                             = 0.25 mol

2 moles of C₂H₂  produced 4 moles of CO₂

0.25 mol of C₂H₂ produced = (4 / 2) × 0.25 = 0.5 mol of CO₂ .

mass of CO₂  = molar mass × moles

                      =    44        × 0.5

                      = 22 g

Thus, Acetylene (C₂H₂) is used in welding torches, because it produces an extremely hot flame when it burns.  grams of carbon dioxide are formed in the combustion of 6.50 g of acetylene is 22 g.

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Properties of carbon that explain its presence as a basic element of organic compounds - Catenation and Tetravalent.

Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6 (it contains 6 protons in its nucleus). As a member of group 14 in the periodic table, it is non-metallic and tetravalent – ​​making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds.

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons and has an atomic mass of 12.0107 AMU. Its basic electronic configuration is 1s22s22p2.

Properties of carbon that explain its presence as a basic element of organic compounds -

Carbon has the ability to form very long chains of strong and stable interconnecting C-C bonds. This property, called catenation allows carbon to form an almost infinite number of compounds.

Carbon has an affinity for bonding with other small atoms, including other carbon atoms, through the formation of stable covalent bonds. Despite the fact that it is present in a huge number of compounds, carbon is weakly reactive compared to other elements under normal conditions.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Atoms emit light because excited electrons are returning to lower energy states, emitting the energy difference :- Bohr model. This energy always has a specific wavelength because the electrons can only exist in set orbits.

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This is closely related to pi bonds in double and triple bonds prevent these bonds from rotating.

This rigidity has an effect on the physical structure of compounds and can influence chemical reactivity. Here double bonds contain pie orbitals, they are not free to rotate.

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No, a process that is internally reversible and adiabatic is not necessarily isentropic. A process is isentropic if there is no change in entropy during the process. However, a process can be internally reversible and adiabatic and still have a change in entropy.

Entropy is a measure of the disorder of a system, and a reversible process can still have a change in entropy if the system is not in equilibrium.A reversible process is one that can be reversed without any change in entropy. However, if the system is not in equilibrium, the process can still have a change in entropy. This is because the entropy of a system is a measure of the disorder of the system, and a system that is not in equilibrium is not in a state of maximum disorder.

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Answer:

i think its C i may be wrong...

Explanation:

A concept can help you translate solutions and related data into basic themes is a false statement.

Basic Concepts are those nouns, verbs, and prepositions that let us understand and describe the world. In the context of the home, kindergarten, and school, these ideas are typically learnt as an essential component of the process of language acquisition.

Therefore, note that Action research is the process of carrying out research and turning the results into useful information that practitioners can use to solve issues and boost organizational effectiveness.

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A concept can help you translate solutions and related data into basic themes. True or false

Answer: Active transport goes against the gradient causing it to use ATP (energy) unlike diffusion which uses passive. Two types of diffusion are simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion, whereas two types of active transport are primary and secondary active transport.

Explanation: Active energy uses more energy to function rather than diffusion which has multiple types causing it to be different from active transport. Hope this helps!!

Answer:

Raise

Explanation:

One calorie (cal) is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius.

The structural formula of the compound formed by replacing one hydrogen with the OH group from ethane is Ethanol.

The alkane are the compound in which carbon atoms connected with single bond and carbon and hydrogen single bond . alkanes are called as saturated hydrocarbon. we use prefix eth for the two carbon atom and suffix ane for alkane .the ethane is alkane. The OH group is functional group called as hydroxy group. The suffix use for hydroxy group is ol.

CH₃ - CH₃   + OH ----->    CH₃ - CH₂OH

     ethane                                ethanol

Thus, The structural formula of the compound formed by replacing one hydrogen with the OH group from ethane is Ethanol.

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Answer:

92

Explanation:

1.6 ml volume of 6.00 m acetic acid is needed to 200 ml of 0.05 m acetic acid

WE know that

V1 * M1 = V2 * M2

V2 = 200 ml = 0.2 l

M1 = 6.00 m

M2 = 0.05 m

V1 * 6m = 0.2 l * 0.05 m

V1 = (0.2 * 0.05) / 6

V1 = 0.0016 L

V1 = 1.6 ml

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DART sent images from a camera to record its progress. The collision and the results of the collision were recorded by the International Space Station.

DART stands for Double Asteroid Redirection Test. The investigative team of the (DART) mission indicates that the spacecraft's kinetic contact with its target asteroid, Dimorphos, successfully changed the asteroid's orbit.

Asteroid is a small planet in our Solar System. Asteroids range in size and shape from 1-meter boulders to a dwarf planet almost 1000 kilometers in diameter; they are stony, metallic, or ice worlds with no atmosphere.

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Explanation:

when a chemical bond is broken, the excess energy that was stored in the bond will be released whereas, for a bond to be formed energy is absorbed.

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He needs to put some pancreatic blood in a test tube to test for the functioning of digestion enzymes produced by the pancreas.

The objective of this experiment is to identify the substrates and substances.

An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst to speed up a biochemical process. They also help in to speed up the digestion process.

The main the purpose of this experiment is to check why these enzymes aren't working properly. A pancreatic blood test needs to be done in a test tube to find out the reasons.

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The solids are a new substance which indicate that a new substance is formed between the Kool-Aid and water as the chemical reaction has occurred between these two substances.

Chemical reaction is defined as a reaction which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical reaction.

There are several characteristics of chemical reactions like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical reaction there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.

There are three types of chemical reactions:

1) inorganic reactions

2)organic reactions

3) biochemical reactions

During chemical reactions atoms are rearranged and reactions are accompanied by an energy change as new substances are formed.

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The pH at the equivalence point will be 4.028

Volume of NaOCl = 20.00 ml

Volume of HCl = 28.30 ml

Molarity of HCl = 0.50 M

Ka = 3.0 × 10⁻⁸ (missing in question)

pH of solution at eq. point = ?

Write the chemical equation

    NaOCl + HCl → HOCl + NaCl

Initial concentration of reactants and products are as:

    NaOCl = 20 × M

    HCl = 28.3 × 0.50

    HOCl = 0

    NaCl = 0

Equivalence point concentration of reactants and products are as:

    NaOCl = 0

    HCl = 0

    HOCl = 28.3 × 0.5

    NaCl = 28.3 × 0.5

As NaCl is a neutral salt so we take the concentration of HOCl

    [HOCl] = 28.3 ml × 0.5 M / 48.3 ml (total volume)

    [HOCl] = 0.2929 M

Now calculate the pH

    pH = 1/2 [pKa - log C]

    pH = 1/2 [ (8 - log 3) - log 0.2929]

    pH = 4.028

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Add distilled water towards the funnel to quickly identify which layer is aqueous layer .

By adding distilled water in aqueous solution, the organic layer will be the one that decreases in size, while the aqueous layer must expand. The two layers could then be divided into their corresponding beakers.

Water inside the liquid state serves as the solvent in such an aqueous solution. In other words, water molecules surround and integrate solute (dissolved) ions as well as molecules into their web of bonds.

If it is challenging to determine in which the droplets travel, also keep note of the layers' volumes: the watery layer indicates whichever layer expands as more water is added.

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33× 10⁻⁷ A current is needed to plate 5g of Copper metal on a cathode.

It states that during electrolysis, the amount of chemical reactions occurring at the electrodes under the influence of electrical energy is proportional to the amount of electricity conducted through the electrolyte.

n = zFQ

Where, n = moles of copper metal

n = 5/63.54

n = 0.078 moles

z = Number of electrons in the half-cell reaction

Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇔ Cu

z = 2

F = Faraday constant (96,485 A/mol)

Now, substitute the values in the equation mentioned above:

0.078 = 2 × 96,485 × Q

Q = 4.04 × 10⁻⁷ C

Since Q = I × t

Where, Q = charge

I = Current

t = Time (2 hours or 120 min.)

4.04 × 10⁻⁷ C = I × 120

I = 4.04 × 10⁻⁷/120

I = 33× 10⁻⁷ A

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The future value of a single sum increases as the compound rate decreases.

Future value is the total amount received at a particular point in time if the initial investment and the interest earned on the initial investment are included.

Future value calculations are used for various accounting functions. The most common use is to understand how much money is in investment at a given point in time due to interest income.

The formula for the final value of the single sum is

              Future value = P ( 1 + i )n

where P is the principal amount

          i is the interest rate

          n is the number of years

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