The following statement which is true is : A correlation of .33 is just as strong as a correlation of -.33.
What is meant by correlation?The tendency of two or more systems that independently exhibit simple behavior to show complex and novel behavior together because of their interaction is called correlation.
Correlation is a statistical measure that expresses extent to which two variables are linearly related implying that they change together at a constant rate. It is common tool for describing simple relationships without making statement about cause and effect.
Correlation between variables does not mean that the change in one variable is the cause of the change in the values of other variable.
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according to a newspaper account, a paratrooper survived a training jump from 1160 ft when his parachute failed to open but provided some resistance by flapping in the wind. allegedly he hit the ground at 102 mi/h after falling for 8 seconds. to test the accuracy of this account, you should first find the drag coefficient , assuming a terminal velocity of 102 mi/h and also that the deceleration of the paratrooper due to air resistence is proportional to his velocity, with constant of proportionality .
To test the accuracy of the newspaper account, you should first calculate the drag coefficient. This is the ratio of the aerodynamic drag force (which is proportional to the square of the velocity of the object) to the object's weight.
Assuming a terminal velocity of 102 mi/h and a deceleration of the paratrooper due to air resistance proportional to his velocity, with a constant of proportionality, you can calculate the drag coefficient using the following equation:
Drag Coefficient = 2 * Weight * Terminal Velocity / (Air Density * Surface Area * Velocity^2)
Using this equation, you can calculate the drag coefficient for the given account.
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To practice Tactics Box 23.2 Ray Tracing for a Converging Lens.
The procedure known as ray tracing is a pictorial method for understanding image formation when lenses or mirrors are used. It consists of locating the image by the use of just three "special rays." The following tactics box explains this procedure for the case of a converging lens.
TACTICS BOX 23.2 Ray tracing for a converging lens
Draw an optical axis. Use graph paper or a ruler. Establish an appropriate scale.
Center the lens on the axis. Mark and label the focal points at distance f on either side.
Represent the object with an upright arrow at distance s. It is usually best to place the base of the arrow on the axis and to draw the arrow about half the radius of the lens.
Draw the three "special rays" from the tip of the arrow. Use a straightedge.
A ray parallel to the axis (Ray 1) refracts through the far focal point.
A ray that enters the lens along a line through the near focal point (Ray 2) emerges parallel to the axis.
A ray through the center of the lens (Ray 3) does not bend.
Extend the rays until they converge. This is the image point. Draw the rest of the image in the image plane. If the base of the object is on the axis, then the base of the image will also be on the axis.
Measure the image distance s?. Also, if needed, measure the image height relative to the object height.
Follow the steps above to solve the following problem: An object is 9.0 cm from a converging lens with a focal length of 2.8 cm. Use ray tracing to determine the location of the image.
Part A
The diagram below shows the situation described in the problem. The focal length of the lens is labeled f; the scale on the optical axis is in centimeters.
Draw the three special rays, Ray 1, Ray 2, and Ray 3, as described in the tactics box above, and label each ray accordingly. Do not draw the refracted rays.
Draw the rays from the tip of the object to the lens.
The rest of the image in the image plane and measure the image height relative to the object height, if needed.
To solve the problem, you can use the following steps:
the optical axis and center the lens on it.
Mark and label the focal points at distance f on either side, with f = 2.8 cm.
Represent the object with an upright arrow at a distance of s = 9.0 cm from the lens.
the three special rays from the tip of the arrow:
Ray 1: Parallel to the axis, refracts through the far focal point.
Ray 2: Enters the lens along a line through the near focal point, emerges parallel to the axis.
Ray 3: Goes through the center of the lens and does not bend.
Extend the rays until they converge at the image point.
Measure the image distance, s'. The image distance can be calculated using the lens equation:
1/s' + 1/s = 1/f
where s' is the image distance, s is the object distance, and f is the focal length of the lens.
Draw the rest of the image in the image plane and measure the image height relative to the object height, if needed.
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the industrial revolution and the invention of the steam engine impacted brewing by (select all that apply)
Answer:
The industrial revolution, which began in the late 18th century, brought about many technological advancements that changed the way goods were produced, including the invention of the steam engine. The steam engine made it possible to automate many processes and increased the efficiency of manufacturing. In the brewing industry, the steam engine was used to power pumps and other machinery, making it possible to brew beer on a larger scale and with greater consistency. Additionally, the steam engine made it possible to transport beer over long distances, which helped to expand the market for beer beyond local communities. As a result, the industrial revolution had a significant impact on the brewing industry, making it possible for breweries to produce more beer at a lower cost and to reach a wider market.
1. A piece of purple plastic is charged with 1.55×106
extra electrons compared to its neutral state. What is its net electric charge (including its sign) in coulombs?
net electric charge:
2. A glittering glass globe is given a net electric charge of 9.53×10−6
C. Does the globe now have more or fewer electrons than it does in its neutral state?
fewer/more
3. How many more or fewer?
amount:
Each electron provides a charge of -1.602 × 10^-19 coulombs. If there are 8.51 × 10^-6 extra electrons, 8.51 × 10^6 electrons___x = -1.602 × 10^-19*8.51 × 10^6/1=-1.32× 10^-12 coulombs.
What is Electric charge?So the extra electrons provide a charge of 1.32× 10^-12 coulombs. So the net charge is -1.32× 10^-12 coulombs (there are more electrons besides those extra electrons, but there are also protons, so they don’t affect the net charge – the other electrons just compensate the charge of the protons).
When the number of protons in the nucleus is different from the number of electrons around that nucleus, an electrical charge is created in the atom of matter. A negative charge is present in an atom if there are more electrons than protons.
A positive charge is present in an atom if there are more protons than electrons. The amount of charge that an atom carries is always a multiple of the elementary charge, or the charge that one electron or one proton carries.
Therefore, Each electron provides a charge of -1.602 × 10^-19 coulombs. If there are 8.51 × 10^-6 extra electrons, 8.51 × 10^6 electrons___x = -1.602 × 10^-19*8.51 × 10^6/1=-1.32× 10^-12 coulombs.
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Rank each six lunar positions from left to rght based on the amount of moons illuminated surface that is visible from earth from greatest to least
Moon stages as seen from a northern hemisphere viewer. Consider that the Star is in the gibbous phase right now.
A phase is what?
The Moon's phases are the various forms that the Moon takes throughout the course of the month. Every month, the Moon's appearance varies.Phase is the location of a point time on a waveform cycle. A phases is an irrational quantity. The phase is a single full cycle. Additionally, the phase is referred to in terms od rad / s.
How do radians work?
Simply described, a unit of measure is an angle measurement unit predicated just on the radius of a circular. As a result, if we visualise considering the length.
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Why did the coin rolling on the floor slow down and stop?
When you remove your finger from the coin, sliding friction between the coin and the paper causes it to slow down and stop because it changes the kinetic energy into other sorts of disordered energy, such as heat. Because of static friction and gravity, the coin began at rest.
What is friction?The force that stops solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material components from moving against one other is known as friction. There are several types of friction: Dry friction is the force that opposes the relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces that are in contact. Friction is the force created when one object rubs against another. Friction happens when two objects rub against one another. Friction works in the opposite direction of motion. The amount of friction is determined by the materials used to create the two surfaces.
Here,
When you stop touching the coin, there is sliding friction between the coin and the paper, which causes it to slow down and halt because it converts the kinetic energy into other types of disordered energy, such as heat. The coin began at rest due to static friction and gravity.
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A student wants to determine the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, sigma. The student then measures the luminosity, surface area, and temperature of an object. The temperature of the object is changed several times. The student measures the new temperature and luminosity for each of the new cases. The surface area is assumed to be the same in each case. The data is then plotted to determine the Stefan-Boltzmann Law. L=σAT 4 To determine the Stefan-Boltzmann constant we need to transform the data, that according to the theory will be a 4th degree polynomial, to form a straight line. How do we transform the data so that the graph will be linear? What is the slope of the line? What are the labels for the vertical and horizontal axis of the graph?
The vertical axis of the graph is L/T^4 and the horizontal axis is T.
The units for L/T^4 should be W/m^2K^4, and the units for T should be in Kelvin.
To determine the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, the data must be transformed so that the relationship between luminosity (L) and temperature (T) follows a straight line.
This can be achieved by plotting L/T^4 against T.
According to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, L = σAT^4,
where A is the surface area and
σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.
So, L/T^4 = σA, which is a constant value for a given surface area.
The slope of the line is equal to σA.
To transform the data so that the graph will be linear, we need to plot the natural logarithm of luminosity (L) against the reciprocal of the temperature (1/T).
This will result in a straight line, as the equation for the Stefan-Boltzmann Law can be transformed into a linear equation by taking the natural logarithm of both sides:
ln(L) = ln(σAT^4) = 4ln(σ) + 4ln(A) - 4/T
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When objects are in free fall on earth, to accelerate at -9.8 m/s, which of the following must be neglected?
A. initial velocity
B. mass and weight
C. air resistance
D. surface area
which of the following is an accurate statement? which of the following is an accurate statement? it is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. the magnitude of a vector is independent of the coordinate system used. even though two vectors have unequal magnitudes, it is possible that their vector sum is zero. the magnitude of a vector can be zero even though one of its components is not zero. rotating a vector about an axis passing through the tip of the vector does not change the vector.
The following statements are true: 1) The magnitude of a vector is independent of the coordinate system used. 2) Even though two vectors have unequal magnitudes, it is possible that their vector sum is zero. 3) The magnitude of a vector can be zero even though one of its components is not zero. 4) Rotating a vector about an axis passing through the tip of the vector does not change the vector.
Adding a scalar quantity to a vector is not possible. The magnitude of a vector can only be changed by scalar multiplication or by adding or subtracting vectors.
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a toy rocket is propelled straight upward from the ground and reaches the height h. after an elapsed time , measured from the time the rocket was first fired off, the rocket has fallen back down to the ground, landing at the same spot from which it was launched. The average speed of the rocket during this time is a. zero b. 2 H/Delta c. H/Delta t d. 1/2 H/Delta t
The average speed of the toy rocket is 2H/Δt, if it fallen back to the ground in Δt time.
The average speed of the toy rocket during the time interval from when it was first fired off to when it returned to the ground is given by the equation:
average speed = total distance traveled / elapsed time
Since the toy rocket was propelled straight upward and reached a height H, and then fell back down to the ground, the total distance traveled is 2H. And the elapsed time is Δt, is the time it took the rocket to reach its maximum height H and then fall back down to the ground.
Therefore, the average speed of the rocket during the time interval delta t is:
Average speed = 2H/Δt
Hence option B is correct.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
"a toy rocket is propelled straight upward from the ground and reaches the height h. after an elapsed time Δt, measured from the time the rocket was first fired off, the rocket has fallen back down to the ground, landing at the same spot from which it was launched. The average speed of the rocket during this time is A) zero B) 2 H/Δt, C) H/Δt, D) 1/2H/Δt"--
in a ladder problem, why is the normal force of the ladder touching the house the same as the gravitational force?
The wall's normal force is present at the top of the ladder. At the middle of the ladder, gravity is at work. These forces cause torques, that's why the normal force of the ladder touching the house the same as the gravitational force.
What is gravitational force?The gravitational force is described by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. The gravitational force, a type of non-contact force, is a constant force in nature that is attractive and constrained.
The force of attraction felt by two or more objects in contact is referred to as gravitational force. The Gravitational Force Formula, which was derived from Newton's Universal Law of Attraction, is used to calculate the force of gravity.
Gravity is all around us. It establishes how much we weigh and how far a thrown basketball will bounce before contacting the ground. The gravitational force on Earth is the same as the force the Earth exerts on you.
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Insulator: After several contacts with the charged ball, how is the charge on the rod arranged? negative charge on end A with end B remaining almost neutral; When the sphere is touched to end A, some of its negative charge will be deposited there
After several contacts with a charged ball, the charge on the rod will become negatively charged on end A with end B remaining almost neutral.
When the charged ball is touched to end A, some of its negative charges will be transferred to the rod and deposited at end A, increasing the negative charge on that end. End B will remain neutral or nearly neutral since no charge has been transferred to it.
The process of charging a rod by contact with a charged ball is called "contact charging." In this process, electrons from the charged ball transfer to the rod, causing the rod to become charged.
When the charged ball is touched to end A of the rod, electrons from the ball are transferred to the rod and accumulate at that end, giving it a negative charge.
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Which statement describes how fossils can be used to form phylogenetic trees?
Responses
A Through fossils, it is possible to understand the traits of now-extinct organisms
B Fossils allow scientists to understand the behaviors of modern animals.
C Fossils allow scientists to understand the instincts of modern animals.
D Through fossils, it is possible to trace where valuable mineral and oil resources are located.
A. Through fossils, it is possible to understand the traits of now-extinct organisms.
Fossils can be used to form phylogenetic trees by helping scientists to understand the evolutionary relationships between species. By examining the characteristics of fossils, scientists can infer evolutionary relationships and reconstruct the branching pattern of evolutionary history. This information can then be used to construct phylogenetic trees, which are diagrams that show the evolutionary relationships between species. By comparing the similarities and differences in the physical characteristics of different species, scientists can infer which species are more closely related and which are more distantly related. These relationships provide important insights into the evolution of life on Earth and help us to understand the history of life on our planet.
which of the following statements about multiple sclerosis (ms) is false? which of the following statements about multiple sclerosis (ms) is false? ms is characterized by increases in conduction velocity of the optic nerve. magnetic resonance imaging can help diagnose some cases of ms ms is characterized by demyelination of axons along with some axon loss symptoms of ms may include weakness, lack of coordination, impaired vision and speech.
The following are statements about multiple sclerosis (MS):
1. MS is characterized by increases in conduction velocity of the optic nerve
2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging can help diagnose some cases of MS
3. MS is characterized by demyelination of axons along with some axon loss
4. Symptoms of MS may include weakness, lack of coordination, impaired vision and speech.
The first statement about multiple sclerosis (MS) is false. It is stated that MS is characterized by increases in conduction velocity of the optic nerve.
What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?An immune-mediated attack on the central nervous system characterizes the chronic, inflammatory disease known as multiple sclerosis (MS). This inflammatory disease can be diagnosed by some diagnostic techniques, such as MRI, Medical history suggestive of CNS process, and Neurological exam findings.
The diagnostic technique that provides the most accurate, non-invasive method of imaging the brain, spinal cord, or other parts of the body right now is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is the go-to imaging technique for determining an MS diagnosis and tracking the progression of the condition. In actuality, MRI confirms the MS diagnosis in over 90% of patients. (the second statement is true)
MS is characterized by chronic inflammation, demyelination, gliosis, and neuronal loss, loss of vision in an eye, loss of power in an arm or leg or a rising sense of numbness in the legs. (the last statement is true; meanwhile the first statement is incorrect; MS is not characterized by an increase in the optic nerve, but rather the opposite.)
It is generally known that the main factor behind the progressive neurologic impairment that the majority of MS patients experience is the loss of axons and neurons. (the third statement is true)
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for an incoming air flow of 1.0 kg/s, calculate the rate of heat input required to increase the temperature in the combustor to t04
Two stones released at the same time with one thrown vertically upward from the ground with a velocity of 20m/s and the other dropped form a height collided with each other 2 seconds after their release. determine this height (g=9.8m/s^2
Answer:
The height at which the two stones collided is 78.4 meters, calculated using the formula h = u^2/2g, where u = 20 m/s and g = 9.8 m/s^2.
Explanation:
A stationary object of mass 4 kg is set in motion by a net force of 50 Newton if the object at a speed of 5 m per second in time calculate the value of time
The stationary object achieves the speed of 5 m/s at time 0.4 second.
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity with time. Due to having both direction and magnitude, it is a vector quantity. Si unit of acceleration is meter/second² (m/s²).
Mass of the object = 4 kg.
Force applied on it = 50 Newton.
Acceleration of the object = (50 ÷ 4) m/s² = 12.5 m/s²
Let at time t second, the speed of the object = 5 m/s.
Hence, the time taken to achieve the speed of 5 m/s is = (5 ÷ 12.5) second
= 0.4 second.
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What is the proper hand placement while
driving? What are two important reasons your hands
should stay in the correct hand placement?
Answer this question with at least one complete sentence
about proper hand placement and at least two complete sen-
tences stating important reasons hand placement is important.
Answer:
The proper hand placement while driving is at 9 and 3 o'clock position or 10 and 2 o'clock position on the steering wheel. It is important to keep hands in the correct hand placement to ensure maximum control of the vehicle in case of sudden events or emergency situations, and to avoid fatigue or cramping in the hands and arms. Keeping hands at the proper placement allows for quick and effective responses to unexpected road conditions and enables the driver to make necessary adjustments to maintain the safety of themselves and others on the road.
which units were introduced in this chapter? select all that apply. amps kilograms meters newtons pounds seconds
The units which were introduced in this chapter include the following below:
kilogramsmeterssecondsWhat is SI unit?This is defined as the system of measurements to calculate the mass, distance, and volume of any object.
Let's note that there are three major systems and they include the following below:
M- meter, used to measure the length.
Kg- kilogram, used to measure the mass.
S- second, used to measure time.
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(5 points) find the kinematic and dynamic viscosity of air and water at a temperature of 40 oc (104 of) and an absolute pressure of 170 kpa (25 psia). (note: read the viscosity part in chapter 2 and learn how to look up viscosity in a table)
CentiStoke (cSt) conversion: 1 mm2/s = 106 m2/s. The kinematic viscosity of water at 20 °C is approximately 1 cSt.
What does water have at 30 C in terms of kinematic viscosity?0.8 mm2 per second or soWater has a kinematic viscosity that ranges from 1.3 mm2 per second at 10 °C to 0.8 mm2 per second at 30 °C. The viscosity of water reduces as temperature rises.
How is kinematic viscosity determined?By dividing a fluid's absolute viscosity by its mass density, the kinematic viscosity of the fluid may be calculated.
Dynamic viscosity calculation: how does it work?The shear stress is divided by the rate of shear strain to get dynamic viscosity, also known as absolute viscosity.
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Weddell seals foraging in open water dive toward the ocean bottom by swimming forward in a straight-line path tipped below the horizontal. The tracking data for one seal showed it taking 4.0 min to descend 360 m below the surface while moving 920 m horizontally.
A. What was the angle of the seal's path below the horizontal?
B. What distance did the seal cover in making this dive?
C. What was the seal's speed, in m/s?
The angle of the seal's path below the horizontal at 22.6 degree, cover 991 m distance at the speed 17.53 m/s.
A. We can use the tangent function to find the angle of the seal's path below the horizontal:
tan(angle) = opposite side / adjacent side = 360 m / 920 m = 0.3913
angle = tan^-1(0.3913) = 22.6 degrees below the horizontal
B. To find the total distance covered by the seal, we can use the Pythagorean theorem:
distance = sqrt(360^2 + 920^2) = sqrt(130320 + 846400) = sqrt(976620) = 991 m
C. To find the seal's speed, we divide the total distance covered by the time taken:
speed = distance / time = 991 m / 4.0 min * (1 min / 60 s) = 17.53 m/s.
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True or False:An asphalt surface absorbs more solar energy than a cement surface. This difference is chiefly due to differences in color.
Answer:
It is true
Explanation:
Because
A string with a linear mass density of = 0.0090 kg/m is tied to the ceiling. A 27 kg mass is tied to the free end of the string. The string is plucked, sending a pulse down the string. Estimate the speed of the pulse (in m/s) as it moves down the string.
The speed of the pulse is 173.2 m/s.
What is the speed of the pulse?We have to note that the speed of the pulse would depend on the mass of the spring and also on the density of the pulse. In this case, we can see that a string with a linear mass density of = 0.0090 kg/m is tied to the ceiling. A 27 kg mass is tied to the free end of the string.
We have that;
v = √ M/d
v = velocity
M = mas of the spring
d = density of the spring
v = √ 27 Kg/0.0090 kg/m
V = 173.2 m/s
Thus the pulse would have a speed of 173.2 m/s.
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A rocket propels itself with a force of 5000N. Its mass is 500kg. If they rocket stops propelling itself at the 2 minute mark, how long will it take for the rocket to touch the ground(starting from when the rocket lifts off)?
a has has a volume of 240.0 mL at 25 degrees celcius and 0.789 atm. calculate its volume at STP
The volume is 189.6ml if it has a volume of 240.0 mL at 25 degrees celcius and 0.789 atm.
How to calculate volume?According to Boyles law, the volume and pressure vary inversely when a gas is held in a closed container at a constant temperature and mass.
P1V1= P2V2
In this case, P1 = 0.79 atm, V1 = 240 ml, and P2 = 1 atm.
Consequently, by changing the variables in the equation above, we get
0.79×240 = 1×V2
V2 = 189.6 ml
Consequently, its volume at STP (1 atm and 0 oC) is equal to 189.6 ml.
Boyle noted that the pressure and volume's product is shown to be almost constant. For an ideal gas, the volumetric product of pressure is a precise constant. V = constant * p. In his honor, Boyle's Law is the name given to this relationship between pressure and volume.
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A 4.0 kg bowling ball starts at rest and then rolls down a hill 3.5 m high and up another hill 2.5 m high. Assume no energy loss due to friction. What was the bowling ball’s initial (starting) kinetic energy?
Answer:
0
Explanation:
The ball starts at rest so the initial kinetic energy has to be zero
Which statement about gravitational force is correct?(1 point)
A. Any two objects in the universe exert gravitational force on each other.
B. For gravitational force to affect two objects, they must be near each other.
C. Gravitational force only affects the objects within the solar system.
D. Only objects on the surface of a planet or a moon experience gravitational force.
A. Any two objects in the universe exert gravitational force on each other. The gravitational force can affect objects even if they are far from each other, and it does not only affect objects within the solar system or those on the surface of a planet or moon.
What is the universal law of gravitation?According to the law of universal gravitation, any two objects in the universe exert a gravitational force on each other, proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The strength of the gravitational force decreases as the distance between the objects increases.
How can one calculate gravitational force?You can calculate gravitational force by:
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2, in the equation F stands for force of gravity, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r shows the distance between them.
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A 0.150-kg glider is moving to the right with a speed of 0.80 m/s on a frictionless, horizontal air track. The glider has a head-on collision with a 0.300-kg glider that is moving to the left with a speed of 2.20 m/s. Find the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of each glider if the collision is elastic. is this question passible?
Answer: The final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the 0.150-kg glider is 4.84 m/s to the right and the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the 0.300-kg glider is 1.48 m/s to the left.
Explanation:
Yes, this question is possible to solve.
In an elastic collision, the total momentum of the two objects before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision. We can use this principle to find the final velocities of the two gliders.
Let's call the final velocity of the 0.150-kg glider "v1" and the final velocity of the 0.300-kg glider "v2". The initial momentum of the 0.150-kg glider is 0.150 kg * 0.80 m/s = 0.12 kg m/s. The initial momentum of the 0.300-kg glider is 0.300 kg * -2.20 m/s = -0.66 kg m/s. The total initial momentum is 0.12 kg m/s + (-0.66 kg m/s) = -0.54 kg m/s.
The total momentum after the collision is equal to 0.150 kg * v1 + 0.300 kg * v2 = 0.
Solving for v1 and v2, we find:
v1 = (0.300 kg * 2.20 m/s + 0.66 kg m/s) / 0.150 kg = 4.84 m/s to the right
v2 = (0.12 kg m/s - 0.150 kg * 0.80 m/s) / 0.300 kg = -1.48 m/s to the left
So the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the 0.150-kg glider is 4.84 m/s to the right and the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the 0.300-kg glider is 1.48 m/s to the left.
Which statements best describe X-rays? Check all that apply.
X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with high energy and short wavelength. They are used for medical imaging to see inside the human body, for industrial purposes to inspect materials and for scientific research.
X-rays are produced by high-energy photons that pass through an object and create a shadow image on a detector on the other side. The different densities of the material in the object cause variations in the amount of X-rays that pass through, producing a visual representation of the object's internal structure.
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Missing parts;
Which statements best describe x-rays? check all that apply. x-rays are electromagnetic waves. x-rays are longitudinal waves. x-rays are mechanical waves. x-rays are transverse waves. x-rays travel at the speed of light. x-rays travel at the speed of sound.
A 2.0 kg block rests on a level surface. The coefficient of static friction is µs = 0.50, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is µk = 0.30. A horizontal force, F, is applied to the block. As F is increased, the block begins moving.
⦁ Find the minimum force, F, required for the block to just start to move.
⦁ Find the force, F, required for the block to continue to move at a constant velocity.
⦁ Explain what happens to the motion of the block if a force is applied greater than those found above.
Answer:
The minimum force, F, required for the block to just start to move is equal to the force of static friction, f s:
f s = (µ)s x N
where N is the normal force (the force perpendicular to the surface) = m x g = 2.0 kg x 9.8 m/s^2 = 19.6 N
f s = (µ)s x N = 0.50 x 19.6 N = 9.8 N
The force, F, required for the block to continue to move at a constant velocity is equal to the force of kinetic friction, f k:
f k = (µ)k x N = 0.30 x 19.6 N = 5.88 N
If a force is applied greater than the force required for the block to continue to move at a constant velocity, the block will accelerate. If the applied force is greater than the minimum force required for the block to just start to move, the block will begin moving.
