I need help with the practice question at the bottom. Thank you.

Answer:

A. an acid

B. a base

C. conjugate base

D. conjugate acid

Explanation:

This question appears incomplete because it is starting with a "or".

However, the available question can still be answered.

An acid (according to "Bronsted-Lowry") is a chemical compound/specie that can donate hydrogen ion(s) in a reaction while a base is the compound/specie that can receive hydrogen ion(s). From this definition, it can be deduced that CH₃COOH (ethanoic acid) is an acid (weak acid) because it can donate an hydrogen ion while CH₃COO⁻ is a base because it can receive a hydrogen ion.

Also, a conjugate acid is the compound formed when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion to a base (i.e it is a base with hydrogen ion attached to it) while a conjugate base is the acid that has lost it's hydrogen ion. Thus, the conjugate acid in the question is CH₃OH while the conjugate base in the question is CH₃O⁻.

A. an acid

B. a base

C. conjugate base

D. conjugate acid

Answer:

Multiply the number of moles of butane by its molar mass, 58.12g/mol, to produce the mass of butane. Mass of butane = 18.8g.

Explanation:

Part B:

The mass of water produced when 4.86 g of butane(C4H10) react with excess oxygen is calculated as below

calculate the moles of C4H10 used = mass/molar mass

moles = 4.86g/58 g/mol =0.0838 moles

write a balanced equation for reaction

2 C4H10 + 13 O2 = 8 CO2 + 10 H2O

by use of mole ratio between C4H10 to H2O which is 2:10 the moles of

H20= 0.0838 x10/2 = 0.419 moles of H2O

mass = moles x molar mass

=0.419 molx 18 g/mol = 7.542 grams of water is formed

Answer:

A molecular mass is mass on the substance  and mole is a unit of substance such as atoms and electrons.

Explanation:

Molecular mass: A molecule's molecular mass is equal to the sum of all of the atoms' individual atomic masses. It establishes the molecular mass of a single unit.

Example:

Molecular mass of O2 = 32 atomic mass units

Mole: A mole is [tex]6.02214076 x 10^2^3[/tex]of any chemical unit, including atoms, molecules, ions, and others. Due to the large number of atoms, molecules, or other components that make up any material, the mole is a useful measure to utilize. The initial definition of the mole was the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12.

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Answer:

Towards the big bully

Explanation:

If a big bully and a small child are involved in a thug of war, it is clear that the bully is stronger than the child and he/she will pull the rope used in the thug of war with a greater force.

By so doing, the ball attached at the centre of the rope will naturally be drawn towards the stronger bully.

Solution :

a). The separation of 4-methylbenzoic acid from 1,4-dimethoxybenzene will work but it will result in lower recovery.

In the reaction of acid-base to form a sodium 4 - methoxy benzoate, that is soluble in the water, 4-methoxy benzoic acid reacts with the sodium bicarbonate to give sodium 4-methoxybenzoate as well as carbonic acid.

b). The pKa for the 4-methoxybenzoic acid is [tex]4.46[/tex], and that of carbonic acid is [tex]6.37[/tex]

c). The Keq for the reaction is [tex]10(6.37 - 4.46) = 101.91[/tex]

Therefore, the equilibrium lies to the right  and also the reaction favors the products and the separation works.

But the recovery will be low when compared to the extraction with Sodium hydroxide as the strong base will drive the equilibrium further to the right position, thus neutralizing all the acids virtually. And the weak base will partially neutralize the acid.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The longer handles distribute the force across a longer distance.

Answer: There are 8 protons in oxygen-18 and 36 neutrons in copper-65.

Explanation:

An atom contains three sub-atomic particles, that is, protons, neutrons and electrons.

The atomic number is the total number of protons present in an atom. For oxygen-18, the atomic mass is 18.

Atomic mass is the sum of total number of protons and electrons present in an atom. As the atomic number of an oxygen atom is 8 so the number of protons present in oxygen-18 is 8.

The atomic mass of copper is 65 and for a copper atom, the atomic number is 29. Hence, the number of neutrons for copper-65 is as follows.

Atomic mass = no. of protons + no. of neutrons

65 = 29 + no. of neutrons

no. of neutrons = 65 - 29 = 36

Thus, we can conclude that there are 8 protons in oxygen-18 and 36 neutrons in copper-65.

Answer:

"Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries."

Explanation:

Answer:

1.875 × 10^6 Hz

Explanation:

From the wave formula;

V= λf

λ= wavelength of the radio waves

f= frequency of the radio waves

f= v/λ

Since radio waves is an electromagnetic wave, it possesses the speed of light which is 3 × 10^8 m/s

f= 3 × 10^8 m/s/160 m

f= 1.875 × 10^6 Hz

Answer:

The Rf value of ibuprofen increases

Explanation:

TLC involves the elution of a solute using a mobile phase(solvent). The stationary phase is made of an adsorbent such as silica.

The extent of interaction between the solute and the mobile phase affects the Rf value. The greater the interaction between the solute and the solvent, the greater the Rf value.

On the other hand, the polarity of the solvent and the solute also affects the Rf value. If the solvent is changed from t-butyl methyl ether to acetone, the Rf value for ibuprofen increases because ibuprofen is polar and acetone is also polar hence there is greater interaction between the solvent and solute.

The question is incomplete, the complete question is shown in the image attached to this answer

Answer:

1) K

2) F

3) Si

4) Br

Explanation:

If an element has a more negative value of electron affinity, then it has a greater ability to attract an electron.

In each of the following pairs of elements, one element has a more negative electron affinity for certain reasons.

Between K and Ca, the incoming electron in K goes into a 4s orbital which is lower in energy and more stable. For Ca, the electron goes into a 3d orbital which is more unstable.

Between Ne and F, Ne already has a filled outermost shell hence the incoming electron goes into the higher energy 3s level. In F, the electron goes into the 2p level and completes it. Hence F has a more negative electron affinity.

Let us recall that half filled and completely filled orbitals are exceptionally stable. Hence, the electron affinity of Si is more negative than that of P because in P, the electron goes into an exceptionally stable half filled orbital.

Recall that the more the value of Zeff, the more negative the electron affinity hence electron affinity increases across a period; hence, Br has a more negative value of electron affinity than Se.

Answer:

The produced salt is calcium chloride, CaCl₂, whose cation, Ca²⁺, is the conjugate acid of the base and the anion, Cl⁻ the conjugate base of the acid.

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the given information, it turns out firstly necessary for us to set up the chemical equation between calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid:

[tex]2HCl+Ca(OH)_2\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O[/tex]

It means that the produced salt is calcium chloride, CaCl₂, whose cation, Ca²⁺, is the conjugate acid of the base and the anion, Cl⁻ the conjugate base of the acid.

Regard"

Answer:stow the hairspray

Explanation:

Answer:

Volume of hot water required = 3.85L

Explanation:

Suppose volume of hot Then volume of water required cold water = = x L (10.0-x) L

Heat given by hot water (Q₁)

= mass of hot water x heat capacity of water X AT

= x L * 4.184 * J / g. к x(61.0-37.0) °℃.

And Heat absorbed by cold water (Q₂) = (10.0-x) L x 4.184 J/g*k x(37+0 -220) C

Since energy is consumed, Q₁ = Q2.

i.e. X*l *4.184*J/g*k*24C = (10.0-x)L x 184 5

24 x 15 (10.0-x) = 150. - 15x

x = 150. (24+15) = 3.846

So, volume of hot water required. = 3.85 L

When the temperature of the water increases the water becomes hot.

According to the question the volume of hot water required = 3.85L.

Suppose volume of hot Then the volume of water required cold water  is [tex]x L (10.0-x) L[/tex]

All the data are given in the question, which is as follows:-

The formula we are going to use is as follows:-

= mass of hot water x heat capacity of water X AT

= [tex]x L * 4.184 *(61.0-37.0) ^oC[/tex]

The heat absorbed by cold water (Q₂) = [tex](10.0-x) L *4.184 *(37+0 -220) ^oC[/tex]

Since energy is consumed, Q₁ = Q2.

[tex]X*l *4.18424C = (10.0-x)L * 184 524 * 15 (10.0-x) = 150. - 15xx = 150. (24+15) = 3.846[/tex]

Hence, the volume of hot water required is = 3.85 L

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Answer:

The correct options are a, b and d

Explanation:

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy. Le Catelier's  principle explains how a substance or an "action" can affect a reaction in equilibrium.

The principle states that when a change is made to the conditions of a reacting system at equilibrium, the position of the equilibrium moves to counteract the change made. These changes are change in temperature, pressure, volume and/or concentration. These changes will either cause the equilibrium to shift forward or backward.

However, the presence of a catalyst DOES NOT affect a chemical equilibrium/equilibrium constant nor does it affect the reaction quotient because the same amount of reactants and products are available just as in uncatalyzed reaction except that the reaction proceeds faster (which does not affect equilibrium).

The rate of reaction is given as the time required by the reactant to convert into the product. The addition of catalyst increases the rate of reaction, while the reaction quotient and the equilibrium remain unaffected.

A catalyst is a chemical or compound that adds to the reaction and lowers the activation energy by providing an alternative path to the reaction.

The catalyst takes part in the reaction but did not consume in the chemical reaction.

The equilibrium and the reaction quotient are dependent on the conversion of the reactant to the product. The catalyst is not used in the reaction and thus did not affect the reaction quotient or the equilibrium.

Hence, options A, B, and D are correct for the use of catalysts in the chemical reaction.

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Answer:

It would take 200,000 years for a spaceship traveling at the speed of light to go across the entire galaxy.

Answer:

storage solution , deionized water, stabilizes

Explanation:

A pH meter is a scientific device or instrument that is used to measure the pH of a given aqueous solution thereby determining the nature of the solution whether it is acidic or basic or neutral.

While using the pH meter or taking the measurement using the pH meter --

Answer:

K should be large so the temperature change will be large enough to measure.

Explanation:

Let us recall that;

∆T = k m I

Where;

∆T= change in boiling point

K= freezing point constant

m= molality

i= Van't Hoff factor

Since the change in temperature depends on k, the larger the value of k the larger the temperature change(Ts - Tb). Hence; K should be large so the temperature change will be large enough to measure.

Ts= freezing temperature of pure solvent

Tb= freezing temperature of solution

The question is incomplete, the complete question is;

It takes 412. KJ/mol to break a carbon-hydrogen single bond. Calculate the maximum wavelength of light for which a carbon-hydrogen single bond could be broken by absorbing a single photon. Round your answer to significant digits.

Answer:

289 nm

Explanation:

The energy of the photon = 412 × 10^3/6.02 × 10^23 = 6.84 × 10^-19 J

From;

E = hc/λ

h= Plank's constant

c= speed of light

λ = wavelength

λ = hc/E

λ = 6.6 × 10^-34 × 3 × 10^8/6.84 × 10^-19

λ = 2.89 × 10^-7 m

λ = 289 nm

Answer:

the change in the internal energy of the system is 3,752.67 J

Explanation:

Given;

initial volume of the gas, V₁ = 30.6 L

final volume of the gas, V₂ = 1.8 L

constant pressure of the gas, P = 1.8 atm

Energy released by the system, Q = 1.5 kJ = 1,500 J

Apply pressure-volume work equation, to determine the work done on the gas;

w = -PΔV

w = -P(V₂ - V₁)

w = - 1.8 atm(1.8 L - 30.6 L)

w = 51.84 L.atm

w = 51.84 L.atm x 101.325 J/L.atm

w = 5,252.67 J

The change in the internal energy of the system is calculated as;

ΔU = Q + w

Since the heat is given out, Q = - 1,500 J

ΔU = -1,500 J  +  5,252.67 J

ΔU = 3,752.67 J

Therefore, the change in the internal energy of the system is 3,752.67 J

Answer: The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy.

Explanation:

According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat provided to a system is actually the sum of internal energy and work done by the system or on the system.

Mathematically, [tex]\Delta Q = \Delta U + \Delta W[/tex]

The first law of thermodynamics also means that energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. Hence, energy is conserved.

Thus, we can conclude that the first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy.

Answer:

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] = 0.104 m

Explanation:

This expression is used to determine either the mass or volume of an acid or a base used during titration process.

So that;

[tex]M_{a}[/tex][tex]V_{a}[/tex] = [tex]M_{b}[/tex][tex]V_{b}[/tex]

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] is the mass of the acid

[tex]V_{a}[/tex] is the volume of the acid

[tex]M_{b}[/tex] is the mass of the base

[tex]V_{b}[/tex] is the volume of the base

Given that:

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] x 5.0 m l = 5.2 ml x 0.10 m

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] x 5.0 = 0.52 m

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.52}{5.0}[/tex]

      = 0.104

[tex]M_{a}[/tex] = 0.104 m

The mass of the acid used is 0.104 m.

Answer:

False

Explanation:

An object with a density less than the density of water will float.

And an object that is denser than water (more than 1.00g/mL) will sink when placed in water.

Answer:

no reaction occurs .that is no product

Answer: There are 0.0556 moles present in 44.1 mL of a 1.26 M HCl solution.

Explanation:

Given: Volume = 44.1 mL (1 mL = 0.001 L) = 0.0441 L

Molarity = 1.26 M

Molarity is the number of moles of a substance present in liter of a solution.

Therefore, moles of HCl are calculated as follows.

[tex]Moles = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\1.26 M = \frac{moles}{0.0441 L}\\moles = 0.0556 mol[/tex]

Thus, we can conclude that there are 0.0556 moles present in 44.1 mL of a 1.26 M HCl solution.

Answer:

2s2 2p5

Rb < Sr< Sn< Te<I

Explanation:

Electron affinity is the ability of an atom to accept electrons to form negative ions.

Electron affinity is a periodic trend that decreases down the group but increases across the period.

This accounts for the trends observed in the answer. The atom having the electronic configuration, 2s2 2p5 must be a halogen and it exhibits the highest value of electron affinity.

Also, since electron affinity increases across the period, the electron affinities of the elements increases. Therefore, the arrangement of atoms as shown in the answer depends on increasing electron affinity.

Answer:

The best existing methods of control—artemisinin-based drug treatment and insect control with chemical sprays and treated bednets—can reduce the burden of disease substantially, and can even eliminate the disease in some regions,

hope this will help you more

Answer:

1.714 M

Explanation:

We'll begin by calculating the number of mole in 46.8 g of NaHCO₃. This can be obtained as follow:

Mass of NaHCO₃ = 46.8 g

Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = 23 + 1 + 12 + (3×16)

= 23 + 1 + 12 + 48

= 84 g/mol

Mole of NaHCO₃ =?

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of NaHCO₃ = 46.8 / 84

Mole of NaHCO₃ = 0.557 mole

Next, we shall convert 325 mL to L. This can be obtained as follow:

1000 mL = 1 L

Therefore,

325 mL = 325 mL × 1 L / 1000 mL

325 mL = 0.325 L

Thus, 325 mL is equivalent to 0.325 L.

Finally, we shall determine the molarity of the solution. This can be obtained as shown below:

Mole of NaHCO₃ = 0.557 mole

Volume = 0.325 L

Molarity =?

Molarity = mole / Volume

Molarity = 0.557 / 0.325

Molarity = 1.714 M

Therefore the molarity of the solution is 1.714 M