To identify if an object has undergone a physical change, one needs to know;
1) What state of matter it was
2) What its shape was
3) What its size or volume was
To identify if an object has undergone a chemical change, one needs to know;
1) What its initial colour was
2) What its initial temperature was
3) Whether it had an odour or not
A chemical change leads to the formation of a new substance while a physical change does not lead to the formation a new substance.
Chemistry is all about the study of the changes that matter undergoes. These changes may be;
physicalchemicalA chemical change leads to the production of new substances and it is no easily reversible. There may be absorption or evolution of heat during a chemical change. Rusting of iron is a chemical change.
We can see from the checks listed above that a physical change deals with change in appearance and not change in composition of a substance
On the other hand, a physical change is easily reversible and no new substance is formed. Melting of ice is a physical change.
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The observed brightness of a star depends on which factors?
a
the star's shape, distance, and size
b
the star's brightness, size, and distance
c
the star's temperature, size, and, composition
d
the star's composition, shape, and temperature
Answer:
b..............
Explanation:
......
Al + H+ → Al+3 + H2 What is the total number of moles of electrons lost by 1 mole of aluminium?
Given the unbalanced equation which represents aluminum metals reacting with an acid:Al + H+ → Al+3 + H2What is the total number of moles of electrons lost by 1 mole of aluminium? 16 22 33 413
In the given reaction, one mole of aluminum loses three moles of electrons to form one mole of Al+3 ions. Therefore, the total number of moles of electrons lost by one mole of aluminum is 3 moles.
To determine the total number of moles of electrons lost by one mole of aluminum in the reaction Al + H+ → Al+3 + H2, we need to examine the electron transfer that occurs during the reaction.
In the reaction, aluminum (Al) is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while hydrogen ions (H+) are reduced, meaning they gain electrons. The balanced equation for the reaction is:
2Al + 6H+ → 2Al+3 + 3H2
From the balanced equation, we can see that two moles of aluminum react with six moles of hydrogen ions to form two moles of Al+3 ions and three moles of H2 gas.
Therefore, for every two moles of aluminum, six moles of hydrogen ions are required. This implies that each mole of aluminum loses three moles of electrons, as aluminum loses three electrons to form Al+3 ions. Thus, the total number of moles of electrons lost by one mole of aluminum is 3 moles.
In summary, based on the unbalanced equation Al + H+ → Al+3 + H2, the total number of moles of electrons lost by one mole of aluminum is 3 moles.
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GIVING BRAINLIEST!!! A student observes a beaker of room temperature water resting on a table. She states that the beaker of water does not have any energy. Which statement below is accurate regarding her observation?
a. She is correct because the beaker of water is not moving.
b. She is incorrect because the beaker of water has thermal energy.
c. She is incorrect because all water contains hydrogen and oxygen.
d. She is correct because the beaker of water is at room temperature.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
im thinking because the water is a room temperature there shouldnt be anm immence amount og heat energy for it to have a good amount of energy tho i could be wrong because its not moving it could have no energy.
Answer: please tell me i have this exact thing on a test rn i need the answer
Explanation:
.Pb2+
Write electron configurations for the following ions.
Part A:
Ru3+
Express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. For example, [He]2s22p2 should be entered as [He]2s^22p^2.
Part B
As3−
Express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. For example, [He]2s22p2 should be entered as [He]2s^22p^2.
Part C
Y3+
Express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. For example, [He]2s22p2 should be entered as [He]2s^22p^2.
Part D
Pd2+
Express your answer in condensed form in order of increasing orbital energy as a string without blank space between orbitals. For example, [He]2s22p2 should be entered as [He]2s^22p^2
Part A: Ru3+ The electron configuration for Ru is [Kr]5s^24d^6. To form Ru3+, three electrons are removed. Therefore, the electron configuration for Ru3+ is [Kr]4d^5.
Part B: As3-
The electron configuration for As is [Ar]4s^23d^104p^3. To form As3-, three electrons are gained. Therefore, the electron configuration for As3- is [Ar]4s^23d^104p^6.
Part C: Y3+
The electron configuration for Y is [Kr]5s^24d^15p^1. To form Y3+, three electrons are removed. Therefore, the electron configuration for Y3+ is [Kr]4d^0.
Part D: Pd2+
The electron configuration for Pd is [Kr]5s^04d^10. To form Pd2+, two electrons are removed. Therefore, the electron configuration for Pd2+ is [Kr]4d^8.
Part A: Ru3+
The electron configuration for Ru is [Kr]5s^24d^6. To form Ru3+, three electrons are removed. This means that the 5s orbital is emptied and one electron is removed from the 4d orbital. Therefore, the electron configuration for Ru3+ is [Kr]4d^5. This configuration indicates that there are 5 electrons in the 4d orbital.
Part B: As3-
The electron configuration for As is [Ar]4s^23d^104p^3. To form As3-, three electrons are gained, filling up the 4p orbital. Therefore, the electron configuration for As3- is [Ar]4s^23d^104p^6. This configuration indicates that there are 6 electrons in the 4p orbital.
Part C: Y3+
The electron configuration for Y is [Kr]5s^24d^15p^1. To form Y3+, three electrons are removed. This means that the 5s and 4d orbitals are emptied. Therefore, the electron configuration for Y3+ is [Kr]4d^0. This configuration indicates that there are no electrons in the 4d orbital.
Part D: Pd2+
The electron configuration for Pd is [Kr]5s^04d^10. To form Pd2+, two electrons are removed, leaving the 5s and 4d orbitals empty. Therefore, the electron configuration for Pd2+ is [Kr]4d^8. This configuration indicates that there are 8 electrons in the 4d orbital.
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a 50.00 ml sample of 0.100 m koh is titrated with 0.100 m hno3. calculate the ph of the solution after 52.00 ml of hno3 has been added.
The pH of the solution after adding 52.00 mL of HNO3 is approximately 1.29.
First, let's find the moles of HNO3 added:
Moles of HNO3 = Volume of HNO3 × Concentration of HNO3
= 52.00 mL × 0.100 M
= 5.20 mmol
Since KOH and HNO3 react in a 1:1 ratio, the moles of KOH consumed will be the same as the moles of HNO3 added.
Next, let's calculate the moles of KOH initially present in the 50.00 mL sample:
Moles of KOH = Volume of KOH × Concentration of KOH
= 50.00 mL × 0.100 M
= 5.00 mmol
Now, we can determine the moles of KOH remaining after the reaction:
Moles of KOH remaining = Initial moles of KOH - Moles of KOH consumed
= 5.00 mmol - 5.20 mmol
= -0.20 mmol
The negative value indicates that all the KOH has been consumed and an excess of HNO3 is present. Since HNO3 is a strong acid, it completely dissociates into H+ ions. Therefore, the solution will be acidic.
To calculate the pH, we can use the formula:
pH = -log10([H+])
Since the moles of KOH consumed and HNO3 added are equal, the concentration of H+ ions in the solution is:
[H+] = Moles of HNO3 added / Total volume of the solution
= 5.20 mmol / (50.00 mL + 52.00 mL)
= 5.20 mmol / 102.00 mL
= 0.051 mol/L
Taking the negative logarithm of the H+ concentration:
pH = -log10(0.051)
= 1.29
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what was the purpose of adding a huge excess of acetic anhydride in this experiment? draw the reaction scheme and mechanism.
Adding a large excess of acetic anhydride in an experiment serves the purpose of ensuring the complete conversion of the starting material and maximizing the yield of the desired product.
The reaction scheme for the acetylation reaction using acetic anhydride can be represented as follows:
R-OH + (CH3CO)2O → R-O-C(O)CH3 + CH3COOH
In this reaction, R-OH represents the hydroxyl group present in the starting compound, and (CH3CO)2O represents acetic anhydride. The reaction results in the formation of the acetylated product R-O-C(O)CH3 and acetic acid (CH3COOH).
The mechanism for the acetylation reaction involves the following steps:
Protonation: The acetic anhydride acts as an electrophile and is protonated by a strong acid catalyst (such as sulfuric acid), resulting in the formation of a reactive acylium ion.
(CH3CO)2O + H+ → CH3C(O)+CH3 + H2O
Nucleophilic attack: The hydroxyl group of the starting compound (R-OH) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon of the acylium ion, leading to the formation of an ester intermediate.
CH3C(O)+CH3 + R-OH → R-O-C(O)CH3 + CH3OH
Acid-base reaction: The intermediate ester undergoes an acid-base reaction with the excess acetic acid (formed in the first step), resulting in the protonation of the oxygen atom and the elimination of the leaving group as acetic acid.
R-O-C(O)CH3 + CH3COOH → R-O-C(O)CH3+H+ + CH3COO-
Rearrangement: The protonated ester intermediate rearranges to form the more stable acetylated product by the transfer of a proton.
The addition of a large excess of acetic anhydride ensures that it is present in abundance throughout the reaction, driving the reaction forward and favoring the formation of the acetylated product. This excess of acetic anhydride helps to overcome any equilibrium limitations and ensures that the reaction proceeds to completion, maximizing the yield of the desired product.
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How does the tendency to lose electrons will change in a group and why?
Answer:Tendency of an element to lose the electrons increases when we go down the group.This is because atomic size increases when we move down a group. And force of attraction of nucleus for the valence electron decreases. This makes it easier for an element to lose electrons. Hence, metallic character increases on moving down a group.
Find the density of a liquid if the mass is 30 grams and the volume is 10 ml. If the density of a liquid is 2 g/ml and the volume is 30 ml, what is the mass of the
liquid? If the density of the liquid is 5 g/ml and the mass is 50 grams, what is the volume of the liquid?
g/ml.
The density of the liquid is
The mass of the liquid is
The volume of the liquid is
grams.
ml.
Answer:
The density of liquid is 3 g/mL.
The mass of liquid is 60 g.
The volume of liquid is 10 mL.
Explanation:
Given data:
Density of liquid = ?
Mass of liquid = 30 g
Volume of liquid = 10 mL
Solution:
d = m/v
d = density
m = mass
v = volume
Now we will put the values in formula.
d = 30 g/ 10 mL
d = 3 g/mL
The density of liquid is 3 g/mL.
2nd:
Given data:
Density of liquid = 2 g/mL
Volume of liquid = 30 mL
Mass of liquid = ?
Solution:
d = m/v
2 g/mL = m/ 30 mL
m = 2 g/mL×30 mL
m = 60 g
The mass of liquid is 60 g.
3rd:
Given data:
Density of liquid = 5 g/mL
Mass of liquid = 50 g
Volume of liquid = ?
Solution:
d = m/v
5 g/mL = 50 g/ v
v = 50 g/5 g/mL
v = 10 mL
The volume of liquid is 10 mL.
Name any two alkaline earth metals
Hurry please!!!!! Which of the following answer choices is NOT a type of volcano?
a. active
b. dormant
c. extinct
d. dead
~~3. indicators are used in autoclaving to ensure that sterilization is complete. one type of chemical indicator turns color when it has reached a specific temperature; the other type turns color when it has reached a specified temperature and been exposed to steam. which type of indicator should be used and why? (4 points)
Autoclaving is a method of sterilizing laboratory equipment and supplies using high pressure and temperature. Indicators are used in autoclaving to ensure that sterilization is complete.
In autoclaving, the recommended type of indicator to be used is the one that changes color when it has reached a specified temperature and been exposed to steam. This type of indicator is called a biological indicator or spore test and is used to check the effectiveness of the sterilization process.
The biological indicator is preferred to chemical indicators because it contains a living microorganism that is more resistant to sterilization than other microorganisms. Biological indicators consist of Bacillus spores that are placed in a test tube or other container and exposed to autoclave conditions. The test tube is then incubated and checked for growth. If no growth is seen, it means that the autoclaving process has effectively killed all the microorganisms. If there is growth, it indicates that the autoclave process was not successful in killing the microorganisms
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Will a chlorine atom gain or lose electrons?
Gain or Lose
Answer:
Chlorine (Cl) in its lowest energy state (called the ground state) has seven electrons in its outer shell. Again, it is more energy-efficient for chlorine to gain one electron than to lose seven. ... In the formation of an ionic compound, metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain electrons to achieve an octet.
Explanation:
Answer:
gain
Explanation:
The formula for glucose is CH1205. How many elements make up a
molecule of glucose?
Answer:
The formula is C₆H₁₂O₆
Explanation:
So 3 elements. C,H,O
I think you wrote the formula wrong
Answer:
24. Glucose is made up of 6 oxygen atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 carbon atoms making it the sugar that fuels many plant organisms on our earth.
An atom's valence electrons are those in its _____.
a. outermost energy level
b. lowest energy level
c. electron clouds
d. inner energy levels
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Have a nice day
calculate the mass of solid sodium hydroxide needed for making a 100 ml solution of 11 mnaoh .express your answer to two significant figures.
The mass of solid sodium hydroxide needed for making a 100 mL solution of 11 M NaOH is 4.0 g. This is calculated using the formula:Molarity = (mass/MW) ÷ volume (in L)We can rearrange the formula to find the mass needed:
mass = Molarity x MW x volume (in L)First, we need to convert the volume to liters:100 mL = 0.1 LNow, we can plug in the values and solve for the mass:mass = 11 M x 40 g/mol x 0.1 L = 44 g
To make a solution of 11 M NaOH with a volume of 100 mL, we need to calculate the mass of solid sodium hydroxide needed. This can be done using the formula:
Molarity = (mass/MW) ÷ volume (in L)We need to rearrange the formula to find the mass needed: mass = Molarity x MW x volume (in L)First, we need to convert the volume to liters. 100 mL is equal to 0.1 L.Now, we can plug in the values and solve for the mass:
mass = 11 M x 40 g/mol x 0.1 L = 44 gTherefore, the mass of solid sodium hydroxide needed for making a 100 mL solution of 11 M NaOH is 44 g. We can express this answer to two significant figures by rounding to the nearest ten: 44 g rounds to 40 g.
We need 4.0 g of solid sodium hydroxide to make a 100 mL solution of 11 M NaOH. This calculation was done using the formula mass = Molarity x MW x volume (in L), where Molarity is 11 M, MW is 40 g/mol, and volume is 0.1 L. We can round the answer to 40 g to express it to two significant figures.
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If two clear aqueous solutions are mixed and a colored precipitate forms, what type
of reaction occurred?
Answer:
When two clear aqueous solutions react, they sometimes form solids in the solution. The solid is called a precipitate. Precipitation reactions occur when the cations of one reactant and the anions of a second reactant found in aqueous solutions combine to form an insoluble ionic solid that we call a precipitate.
Explanation:
Did a chemical reaction take place during the experiment
Based on the given image of the process, a chemical reaction did not take place as there was no rearrangement of atoms, rather, the two substances simply mixed.
What occurs in a chemical reaction?In a chemical reaction, substances called reactants interact with one another to form new substances called products.
Chemical reactions involve the breaking of chemical bonds in the reactants and the formation of new bonds in the products.
During a chemical reaction, the atoms of the reactants rearrange to form different combinations of atoms in the products.
In the process above, no new substances were formed.
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An electric current of 0.680 A flows for 22.0 seconds. Calculate the amount of electric charge transported. Be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol and 3 significant digits.
An electric current of 0.680 A flowing for 22.0 seconds results in the transportation of 14.96 C of electric charge.
The amount of electric charge transported can be calculated by multiplying the electric current by the time it flows. Electric charge is the fundamental property of matter that can be either positive or negative. It is measured in units called coulombs (C). The amount of electric charge transported can be determined using the formula:
Electric charge (Q) = Electric current (I) × Time (t)
Given that the electric current is 0.680 A and the time is 22.0 seconds, we can calculate the amount of electric charge transported:
Q = 0.680 A × 22.0 s = 14.96 C
Therefore, the amount of electric charge transported is 14.96 coulombs.
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a sealed, rigid container of 0.560 mol of an unknown ideal gas at a temperature of 30.0 0c is cooled to -40.0 0c. in the process, 980 j of heat are removed from the gas. is the gas monatomic, diatomic, or polyatomic? group of answer choices diatomic difficult to determine monoatomic polyatomic
A sealed, rigid container of 0.560 mol of an unknown ideal gas at a temperature of 30.0 0c is cooled to -40.0 0c. in the process, 980 j of heat are removed from the gas is option b) diatomic.
The gas in the sealed, rigid container is diatomic. The gas in the sealed, rigid container can be determined as diatomic. According to the statement, it has been provided that the ideal gas is cooled from 30.0 C to -40.0 C and 980 J of heat energy has been removed from the gas.
Now, according to the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, we know that if the temperature of a gas is reduced and the pressure and volume of the gas are kept constant then there will be a decrease in the number of moles of gas present in the container. We can see that the amount of gas, n, present in the container decreases due to cooling.
So, the gas molecules must be able to rotate, as the volume is constant, we can also say that the gas molecules are small. The diatomic gas satisfies all of these conditions and therefore the gas in the sealed, rigid container is diatomic. Therefore, option (B) is the correct answer.
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What must be done to a 3s electron to make it a 6s electron?
Answer:
MULTIPLY IT BY 2!!!!!!!!
The normal boiling point of methanol is 64.7⁰C and the molar enthalpy of vaporization if 71.8kJ/mol. The value of ΔS when 1.95 mol of CH3OH(l) vaporizes at 64.7⁰C is
________ J/K
[A] 414 [B] 0.414 [C] 2.16 [D] 4.73 [E] 2.
Based on the given molar enthalpy of vaporization (ΔH_vap) of methanol, which is 71.8 kJ/mol, and the temperature (T) of 64.7⁰C (or 337.85 K), the value of ΔS is approximately 2.16 J/K.
The equation to calculate the change in entropy (ΔS) during vaporization is given by:
ΔS = ΔH_vap / T
Substituting the given values:
ΔS = 71.8 kJ/mol / 337.85 K
Converting kJ to J and performing the calculation:
ΔS = (71.8 × 10^3 J/mol) / 337.85 K
ΔS ≈ 2.16 J/K
Therefore, the value of ΔS when 1.95 mol of CH3OH(l) vaporizes at its normal boiling point is approximately 2.16 J/K.
The correct answer is option [C] 2.16.
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I Need Some Help Please!!!!!
Answer:
if you know the mass and volume then you can find the density if it is less dense than water it will float
density= m/v
name the structure in the figure in which an electron transport chain is located. describe the main function of the processes that occur in this structure.
The structure in the figure where an electron transport chain is located is the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The main function of the processes that occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane, specifically in the electron transport chain, is to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It plays a crucial role in the final stage of cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells extract energy from nutrients.
During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain from energy-rich molecules such as NADH and FADH2.
As electrons pass through the protein complexes, their energy is gradually released, and protons (H+) are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. This creates an electrochemical gradient.
The main function of this electron transport and proton pumping is to establish a proton motive force.
The gradient created by the electron transport chain drives the ATP synthase enzyme, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to produce ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. This process is known as chemiosmosis.
Overall, the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane plays a crucial role in generating ATP, the energy currency of the cell, by utilizing the energy stored in the electrons derived from the breakdown of nutrients.
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.Which of the following samples should be used as the background blank to calibrate the spectrometer. Choose the single best answer A. Iron(!!!) nitrate solution
B. Iron(ill) thiocyanate complex ion stock solution
C. DI water
D. Potassium thiocyanate solution
The correct answer is option C, DI water. The sample which should be used as the background blank to calibrate the spectrometer is DI water. The spectrometer measures the absorption or transmission of a beam of light that passes through a sample.
The amount of light absorbed or transmitted can be related to the concentration of the absorbing or transmitting species in the sample.The background blank, or blank solution, is a sample that contains everything except the absorbing or transmitting species.
It is used to calibrate the spectrometer and correct for any background absorption or transmission due to the solvent or other components of the sample.The background blank should be a solution that is identical to the sample except for the presence of the absorbing or transmitting species.
In this case, the sample is not specified, but the choices are iron nitrate solution, DI water, and potassium thiocyanate solution.
Of these options, DI water is the best choice for the background blank because it does not contain any of the species being measured.
Iron nitrate solution and potassium thiocyanate solution both contain ions that could absorb or transmit light at the same wavelengths as the species being measured, so they would not be appropriate for the background blank. Therefore, the correct answer is option C, DI water.
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An object has a density of 20.00 g/mL. If the object has a volume of 50.00 mL, what is its mass?
Answer:
The answer is 1000 gExplanation:
The mass of a substance when given the density and volume can be found by using the formula
mass = Density × volumeFrom the question
volume of object = 50 mL
density = 20 g/mL
We have
mass = 20 × 50
We have the final answer as
1000 gHope this helps you
a mineral is group of answer choices either extrusive or intrusive. interlocking or bonded grains of matter. a naturally occurring inorganic solid element or compound. formed mainly of sand grains that are cemented together.
A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid element or compound. It can have different properties that depend on its chemical composition and crystal structure.
A mineral can be classified as either extrusive or intrusive and may consist of interlocking or bonded grains of matter. Sand grains that are cemented together to form rocks are not considered minerals. A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid element or compound. It can have different properties that depend on its chemical composition and crystal structure. A mineral can be classified as either extrusive or intrusive and may consist of interlocking or bonded grains of matter. Extrusive minerals are formed on the earth's surface from molten lava that has cooled and solidified. Extrusive minerals have a fine-grained texture because they cool quickly on the surface. Intrusive minerals are formed beneath the earth's surface from molten magma that has cooled and solidified. Intrusive minerals have a coarse-grained texture because they cool slowly beneath the surface. The interlocking or bonded grains of matter in a mineral are called crystals. The crystals in a mineral are arranged in a repeating pattern that gives the mineral its characteristic shape and structure. The properties of a mineral, such as color, luster, and hardness, depend on the chemical composition and crystal structure of the mineral. Minerals are important in our daily lives and are used in many industries such as construction, electronics, and jewelry making. For example, quartz is used in electronics because of its piezoelectric properties, which allow it to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Calcite is used in construction because it is a common constituent of cement and concrete. Diamond, the hardest mineral, is used in jewelry making because of its brilliance and durability.
In conclusion, a mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid element or compound that can be classified as either extrusive or intrusive and may consist of interlocking or bonded grains of matter. The properties of a mineral depend on its chemical composition and crystal structure. Minerals are used in many industries and are important in our daily lives.
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a light bulb consumes energy at a rate of 80.0 joules per second. how long in seconds will it take for the light bulb to consume 2.30x10
The light bulb will take approximately 2.9 x 10² seconds to consume 2.30 x 10² joules of energy.
To calculate the time it takes for the light bulb to consume a given amount of energy, we can use the formula:
Time (in seconds) = Energy Consumed / Energy Consumption Rate
Given that the energy consumption rate of the light bulb is 80.0 joules per second, and we want to find the time it takes for the light bulb to consume 2.30 x 10² joules of energy, we can substitute these values into the formula:
Time = (2.30 x 10² joules) / (80.0 joules per second)
Time = 2.875 x 10² seconds
Time ≈ 2.9 x 10² seconds
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4) The principle of ________ states that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the geologic past.
A) catastrophism
B) plate tectonics
C) plutonism
D) Uniformitarianism
The principle of option D. Uniformitarianism states that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the
Option D. Uniformitarianism is the principle stating that the physical, chemical, and biological processes at work shaping the Earth today have also operated in the geologic past. It is based on the idea that the present is the key to the past. In other words, the same natural laws that operate in the universe today have been operating since the beginning of time.
James Hutton was the first to propose this principle in the late 18th century. He suggested that the Earth was shaped by slow-acting geological forces such as erosion, sedimentation, and uplift over long periods of time. He believed that the same processes were still happening today and that they had operated in the past.
This principle is an important concept in geology because it allows scientists to interpret the Earth's history based on the processes that they observe today. By understanding how these processes work and how they have changed over time, scientists can reconstruct the history of the Earth and its environments.
Uniformitarianism has been tested and proven through many observations and experiments. For example, the study of sedimentary rocks has shown that they were formed in the past through the same processes that are observed today, such as deposition of sediment by water, wind, or ice.
Similarly, the study of volcanoes has shown that they are formed by the same processes as today, such as the movement of magma from deep within the Earth.
In conclusion, Uniformitarianism is the principle that allows us to interpret the Earth's history by observing the processes that shape it today. It is a fundamental concept in geology and has been tested and proven through many observations and experiments.
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PLEASE HELP I WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!!!!!
Reaction
[tex]\tt NaHCO_3+CH_3COOH\Rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2CO_3[/tex]
[tex]\tt H_2CO_3\Rightarrow H_2O+CO_2[/tex]
The amount of mass after being weighed is not in accordance with the law of conservation mass, because the amount is less.
If we total the mass before the reaction
flask + NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH = 55 + 5 + 15 = 75 g
Total mass after weighing = 73 g
It should stay the same at 75 g if we refer to the law of mass conservation
I believe this law applies to this reaction if we do it in a closed system as stated in the law
Conservation of mass: stated :
In a closed system, the total mass of the substance before the reaction will be equal to the total mass of the reaction product.
This reaction is carried out in open conditions so that the mass can be smaller after weighing
If we look at the reaction, it will form CO₂ gas as evidenced by the presence of bubbles when mixing (mixing is one way to speed up the reaction)
So that the balance results are expected to be the same between before and after the reaction, it can be done in a closed system by closing the flask (by stopper), so that the gas that comes out (CO₂) can be trapped in the flask.
A gas is put into a 3.00-liter container with a movable piston at a pressure of 745 mm Hg and a temperature of 25.0°C. If the temperature is increased to 100.0°C and the pressure increases to 900.0 mm Hg, what will be the new volume?
HURRY PLEASE
The new volume of the gas when the temperature is increased to 100.0°C and the pressure increases to 900.0 mm Hg will be approximately 3.73 liters.
To determine the new volume of the gas when the temperature and pressure change, we can use the combined gas law equation:
(P1 × V1) / (T1) = (P2 × V2) / (T2)
Where:
P1 = Initial pressure (745 mm Hg)
V1 = Initial volume (3.00 liters)
T1 = Initial temperature (25.0°C + 273.15 = 298.15 K)
P2 = Final pressure (900.0 mm Hg)
T2 = Final temperature (100.0°C + 273.15 = 373.15 K)
V2 = Final volume (unknown)
Now, we can substitute the known values into the equation and solve for V2:
(745 mm Hg × 3.00 L) / (298.15 K) = (900.0 mm Hg × V2) / (373.15 K)
To solve for V2, we can rearrange the equation:
(745 mm Hg × 3.00 L × 373.15 K) / (298.15 K × 900.0 mm Hg) = V2
Performing the calculation:
V2 ≈ 3.73 L
Therefore, the new volume of the gas when the temperature is increased to 100.0°C and the pressure increases to 900.0 mm Hg will be approximately 3.73 liters.
It's important to note that in this calculation, we assume the gas follows the ideal gas law and behaves ideally. Additionally, the units of pressure and volume must be consistent throughout the equation (e.g., both in mm Hg or both in atm).
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