Answer:
hBacteria were first classified as plants constituting the class Schizomycetes, which along with the Schizophyceae (blue green algae/Cyanobacteria) formed the phylum Schizophyta.
In taxonomy, a phylum is a group of organisms above classes, orders, families, genera, and species, but below domains and kingdoms. In addition to Mollusca, Chordata, and Arthropoda, there are many other types of phyla.
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Organic material in soil contains a substance called "humus". Humus is defined as
A. dark organic matter that forms from sand
B. dark organic matter that forms from granite
C. dark organic matter that forms when plants and animals decay
Answer:
C. dark organic matter that forms when plants and animals decay
In pns nerve fiber regeneration, how is a growing axon directed to its original destination?
In PNS nerve fiber regeneration, the growing axon is directed to its original destination because it grows within a regeneration tube.
What is PNS nerve fiber regeneration?The peripheral nerve system (PNS) regeneration refers to the formation of new nerve cells or their components due to injury or damage.
The PNS nerve fiber regeneration is associated to the reformation of new axons (part of neurons that bind to other motor cells) after these damages.
In conclusion, in PNS nerve fiber regeneration, the growing axon is directed to its original destination because it grows within a regeneration tube.
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Bacteria and archaea that reduce nitrate or sulfate so that they can incorporate the nitrogen or sulfur atom into an organic molecule are performing _________ reduction. By contrast, when nitrate or sulfate are used as terminal electron acceptors, bacteria and archaea are performing _________ reduction.
Bacteria and archaea that reduce nitrate or sulfate so that they can incorporate the nitrogen or sulfur atom into an organic molecule are performing sulfur reduction. On the other hand, when nitrate or sulfate are used as terminal electron acceptors, bacteria and archaea are performing a nitrate reduction.
What is Anaerobic respiration?Anaerobic respiration is the formation of ATP without oxygen. This method still incorporates the respiratory electron transport chain, but without using oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Instead, molecules such as sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3–), or sulfur (S) are used as electron acceptors.
With this information, we can conclude that Nitrate is a better electron acceptor than sulfate
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Which is NOT included in the appendicular skeleton?
A. arm bones
B. leg bones
C. ribs
D. pelvic bones
Answer:
=> C. ribs
Explanation:
=> The appendicular skeleton is composed of the bones of the pectoral limbs (arm, forearm, hand), the pelvic limbs (thigh, leg, foot), the pectoral girdle, and the pelvic girdle.
=> Ribs is a part of the axial skeleton.
The amount of tension produced in a skeletal muscle as a whole structure is determined by which mechanism?
The amount of tension produced in a skeletal muscle as a whole structure is determined by the frequency of stimulation and the number of muscle cells stimulated.
The sarcomeres in the muscular fibers of the skeletal muscle must shorten in order to move an object, referred to as a load. Muscle tension is the force produced when a muscle contract (or when sarcomeres shorten).
Back pain episodes can result from muscle tension, which is often brought on by the physiological effects of stress. By narrowing blood vessels and decreasing blood flow to the body's soft tissues, such as the muscles, tendons, and nerves in the back, stress may alter the neural system of the body.
More myofibers contract and there is more tension in the skeletal muscle when more motor neurons are triggered.
Treatment:
Rest. Stretch. You can relieve tension in your body by doing gentle stretching that lengthens your muscles.Exercise. Muscle knots may be relieved by aerobic exercise.Warmth and cold therapyApply a muscle rub.Release of trigger point pressure.physical treatmentTo know more about skeletal muscle refer to: https://brainly.com/question/13989523
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Refeeding syndrome is a potentially fatal complication of overfeeding. why is refeeding syndrome so dangerous?
It might cause harmful changes in the serum phosphorus and other electrolytes. So, Refeeding syndrome so dangerous.
What is serum phosphorus?The serum phosphorus test quantifies the phosphate levels in the blood. A vein, typically on the back of the hand or the inside of the elbow, is used to draw blood.When hypoparathyroidism, parathyroid gland does not produce enough parathyroid hormone. Body contains too much vitamin D. A diet that is too high in phosphorus.Although the terms "phosphorus" and "phosphate" are sometimes used interchangeably when discussing tests.A serum phosphorus/phosphate test actually measures the amount of inorganic phosphate in the blood. Phosphates are essential for the synthesis of energy, the health of muscles and nerves, and the development of bones.Although serum inorganic phosphate only represents a very small portion of the body's total phosphorus, it is easily quantifiable and provides information on the body's phosphorus reserves.Phosphate is mostly found in the body in an organic form as a compound with lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.Learn more about serum phosphorus here:
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What are some of the challenges scientists might face when directly observing animal behavior in the wild? What do you think would be most effective in helping them overcome those challenges?
Some of the challenges scientists might face when directly observing animal behavior in the wild are:
Remote sensingBio-loggesStationary field imaging techniquesWhat are animals?These are living organisms which cannot produce their food by themselves but depend on other organisms for food .
Animals are generally classified as:
VertebratesInvertebratesSo therefore, some of the challenges scientists might face when directly observing animal behavior in the wild are:
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What if the light intensity was 1000, what do you predict the ATP production percentage would be?
Main Answer:
ATP Production will not change as change in wavelength because it depends on no. of photons striking the surface means intensity of light.
Explanation:
ATP Production is depend upon intensity of light and not on wavelength of light.
No. of electrons involved in ATP Production depends on intensity of light.
If the light intensity is about 1000, then it will not positively affect ATP synthesis. Because enzymes do not function properly, it may harm photosynthesis.
What Role Does Light Play in Photosynthesis?The sunlight acts as a catalyst for the photosynthesis process and promotes the production of ATP (energy), glucose, and oxygen. The sunlight breaks the water molecule and forms the electron. This process is called photolysis of water and takes place in the thylakoid membrane. This occurs in the thylakoid membrane's Photosystem II (PS II).
Electrons move from photosystem II to photosystem I. The movement of the electron generates the proton gradient across the membrane. Due to the higher protons inside the lumen of the thylakoid, these move to the outer side, and as a result, ATP synthase makes ATP. If such a bright light shines on these complexes, the enzymes will stop working and ATP synthesis will suffer.
Hence, an increase in light intensity would have a negative impact on ATP production.
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Most lipids are ; this property causes lipids to be in the bloodstream. lipoproteins form complexes for transport through the bloodstream by surrounding lipids with phospholipids and proteins
Most lipids are nonpolar. This property causes lipids to be water-insoluble in the bloodstream. Lipoproteins form water-soluble complexes for transport through the bloodstream by surrounding nonpolar lipids with polar phospholipids and proteins .
A central hydrophobic core of non-polar lipids, predominantly cholesterol esters and triglycerides, makes up the complex particles known as lipoproteins. Since lipids like cholesterol and triglycerides are not soluble in water, they must be carried in the bloodstream along with proteins called lipoproteins.
These lipoproteins are essential for the small intestine to absorb and transport dietary lipids, for lipids to travel from the liver to peripheral tissues, and for lipids to travel from peripheral tissues to the liver and intestine.
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The clearance of pus, cellular debris, dead neutrophils, and damaged tissue after inflammation is performed by:_________
Macrophages are immune cells which are responsible for performing the functions like clearance of pus, cellular debris, dead neutrophils as well as damaged tissue after the inflammation has been performed.
Macrophages are a type of immune cells. They are large phagocytic cells which can be found either mobile as a white blood cell or they can also be found in a stationary form in the tissues. They can especially be found at the site of infection.
During inflammation, they enter about 72 hours post the initial response to perform the function of cleaning up the debris, pus and also the dead neutrophils.
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If the cell wall of a bacterium was removed, and then the cell was gram-stained, what color would it appear?
In Gram's procedure, the sample cells are first stained dark blue, followed by a thin cell wall decolorization step that is followed by a red dye counterstain.
Crystal violet is kept inside of cells with a thick cell wall, giving the appearance of blue (gram positive) cells.In Gram negative bacteria, there is a thin peptidoglycan layer sandwiched between two thin cell membranes. The bacteria are first rinsed with crystal violet, a purple stain, then iodine to perform a Gram stain. Iodine and crystal violet combine to generate massive complexes that adhere to cells and color them purple.learn more about Gram staining here:
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List the four main types of carbon-based molecules found in living things.
Answer:
ProteinsLipidsCarbohydratesNucleic AcidsExplanation:
they are the densest things to break down, and store in the body since they are very much carbon based.
What are the challenges the characters face in overcoming problems in diversity?
There are several challenges that can arise with diversity such as communication issues , too many opinions, hostility ,diversity implementation challenges,retain bad talent, etc.
Diversity that take the human resources world by storm, many life science organisations are recognition the benefits o diverse places.There are also advantages of this diversity like increase productivity, better problem solving, financial growth.
Communication issues that created by diversity is stemming form the failure of different groups to understand one another. It is also increased tension and conflict between different groups. The most challenging aspect of diverse environment is accepting and embracing difference. These barriers are need to be overcome for diversity programs to succeed.
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A researcher discovers that, in one trial, the charcoal filter and humidifier had been turned off for the air stream administered to the mice. Those data: A. must be recollected due to possible contamination with other unintentional odors. B. must be recollected due to the charcoal odor being absent from that trial. C. must be recollected due to the air being too humid in that trial. D. can still be used because those air treatment conditions were to maintain the health of the mice.
A researcher discovers that, in one test, the charcoal filter and humidifier were turned off for the airflow administered to the mice. This data should be collected due to possible contamination with other unintended odors.
A. should be collected due to possible contamination with other unintended odors.What is the humidifier filter for?Basically, humidifiers add moisture to the air, a function that can be done in different ways, such as cold mist or hot mist. While air purifiers do not add moisture, but work the air through filters that seek to remove impurities.
With this information, we can conclude that should be collected due to possible contamination with other unintended odors.
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A differential rise in which white blood cells is typically seen with acute bacterial infections?
The increased osmolarity of the blood stimulates the hypothalamus to stimulate the ____________ pituitary to release adh
The increased osmolarity of the blood stimulates the hypothalamus to stimulate the posterior pituitary to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) directs the kidneys to reabsorb water into the bloodstream. A negative feedback system works until the blood volume and osmolarity is restored to normal levels.
The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus through a stalk of blood vessels and nerves. The hypothalamus corresponds with the anterior pituitary by releasing hormones and with the posterior pituitary using nerve impulses.
The hormones made by the posterior pituitary gland include vasopressin and oxytocin. Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which acts on the kidneys to conserve water. It is also significant for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body.
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Please HELP! Urgent!The allele for small size is recessive, and the allele for normal size is dominant. The frequency for the normal-size allele is 0.72. What percentage of the rats are normal sized?
Based on the frequency for the normal-size allele, the percentage of normal sized rats is 92.16%.
What are alleles?
Alleles are alternate copies of a particular which produce varied phenotypes.
The allele frequency is the frequency at which a particular allele occurs in a population.
Alleles are either dominant, recessive, or co-dominant.
In the given scenario, the allele for normal size in rats is dominant.
Assuming that the allele for size in rats is given as R and r.
According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation;
R + r = 1r² + 2Rr + R² = 1If R = 0.72, r = 0.28
The percentage of normal sized rats is given as;
2Rr + R²The percentage of normal sized rats = 2 * 0.72 * 0.28 + 0.72²
The percentage of normal sized rats = 0.9216
Therefore, the percentage of normal sized rats is 92.16%
In conclusion, the allele frequency helps us to calculate the percentage of the rats are normal sized.
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A dog whistle can be heard by dogs but not by humans. this whistle takes advantage of a characteristic of sensory systems known as:_______
Answer:the absolute threshold
Explanation:
A dog whistle can be heard by dogs but not by humans. This sound of whistle takes the advantage of a characteristic of sensory systems which is known as absolute threshold.
What is Sensory system?A dog whistle is a type of whistle which emits the sound in the ultrasonic sound range. Humans cannot hear the range of ultrasonic sound but some of the other animals can, such as dogs and domestic cats, and this ability of animals is used in their training.
An absolute threshold is the least amount of stimulation which is needed for a person to detect the stimulus 50% of the time. This ability can be applied to all the senses such as: The minimum intensity of light we can see. Similarly, the ultrasonic range of sound is not audible to humans.
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A student sets up an experiment to study the role of enzymes in digestion of food. In which test tube, the digestion of protein will occur?
In test tube B i.e., egg, albumin, pepsin and HCl the digestion of protein will occur as HCl will breakdown protein into simple molecules.
Pepsin will be activated by HCl to break down proteins into their simpler constituents.Some enzymes, like pepsin in this instance, are activated by HCl in a catalytic manner.Gastric juice is a mixture of lipase, other digestive enzymes, and the least amount of diluted hydrochloric acid required for digestion.Pepsin, a digestive enzyme found in the stomach that aids in the breakdown of dietary proteins, is also present in this gastric fluid.Foods like milk, beef, and other dairy products are high in protein, which is broken down into smaller molecules for digestion.The pepsin is activated by the HCl in gastric juice. The protein intake is then catalyzed by the enzyme pepsin, which causes it to be broken down into smaller peptide molecules.learn more about digestion of protein here: https://brainly.com/question/8937671
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A student sets up an experiment to study the role of enzymes in digestion of food. In test tube A, he added egg albumin and pepsin. In test tube B, he added egg albumin, pepsin and HCl. In which test tube, the digestion of protein will occur? *
Test tube A as pepsin will breakdown into simple molecules.
Test tube B as HCl will breakdown protein into simple molecules.
Test tubes A as pepsin will breakdown protein into simple molecules.
Test tube B as HCl will activate pepsin for breakdown of protein into simple molecules.
As the Earth continues to warm, we would expect mosquito-transmitted diseases to ____ range.
A. increase in
B. decrease significantly in
C. maintain their
D. decrease slightly in
Answer:
Option b
Explanation:
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A portion of the blood volume, as well as mucus and hypertrophied ____________ tissue, is released from the uterus as ____________ . This is similar to a menstrual period, in that blood and some endometrial tissue is expelled from the ____________ via the ____________ .
A portion of the blood volume, as well as mucus and hypertrophied endometrial tissue, is released from the uterus as lochia, which is similar to a menstrual period, in that blood and some endometrial tissue is expelled from the uterus via the vagina.
What is a tissue?A tissue is a group of cells that have a similar structure and function as a unit.
What are hypertrophied endometria?The term hypertrophied is referred to the cluster of cells made outside the organ. Hypertrophied endometria is a pre-natal condition of a female reproductive part. As the endometrium becomes too thick after the pregnancy it makes a cluster of tissue which is referred to as hypertrophied endometrial tissue which can cause uterine cancer if not come out on time.
What is mucus?Mucus is a regular, slippery, and stringy fluid substance produced by using many lining tissues in the frame. It is crucial for body function and acts as a defensive and moisturizing layer to maintain essential organs from drying out. Mucus also acts as a entice for irritants like dust, smoke, or microorganism.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that A portion of the blood volume, as well as mucus and hypertrophied endometrial tissue, is released from the uterus as lochia, which is similar to a menstrual period, in that blood and some endometrial tissue is expelled from the uterus via the vagina.
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The interpretation that genetics influences intelligence to such an extent that one's iq levels are determined at conception is held erroneous because?
The interpretation that genetics influences intelligence to such an extent that one's iq levels are determined at conception is held erroneous because interaction of genes with environmental forces can shape gene expression.
People are intelligent to some extent from birth. It is inactive until it is nurtured and studied to development. Nature endows us with intelligence.The chemistry that encodes genes in brain cells can change, either temporarily or permanently, depending on whether positive influences, such as exposure to rich learning opportunities, or negative influences, such as malnutrition or environmental contaminants, have had an impact. The chemistry that encodes genes in brain cells can change, either temporarily or permanently, depending on whether positive influences, such as exposure to rich learning opportunities, or negative influences, such as malnutrition or environmental contaminants, have had an impact. A growing corpus of research suggests that genetic and environmental variations interact dynamically to create individual variances in behavior and health.learn more about genetics and intelligence here: https://brainly.com/question/13223678
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A percutaneous ____________________ is a minimally invasive procedure that is performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures of the spine.
A percutaneous vertebroplasty is a procedure which is minimally invasive that is performed in order to treat osteoporosis related compression fractures of the spine.
Vertebroplasty is a procedure which helps stabilizing the spine by treating the compression fractures in it. This is done by injecting the bone cement into the vertebrae on the back bones which has been broken or cracked due to osteoporosis.
The added cement hardens up and helps in the stabilizing the fractures present in the spine and supporting it. This procedure in minimally invasive as it is done through just through a small puncture in the skin instead of open incision.
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What factors might favor the evolution of semelparity versus iteroparity in different species of salmon?
What factors might favor the evolution of semelparity versus iteroparity in different species of salmon?
A number of factors such as changes in water temperature, size at reproduction, energy loss during reproduction, and post reproductive feeding may significantly affect post reproductive mortality (Baird et al., 1986, 1987.
What is semelparity versus iteroparity?Living things have two different reproductive options: semelparity and iteroparity. A species is categorized as iteroparous if it experiences several reproductive cycles throughout its existence, and semelparous if it exhibits just one reproductive event before passing away
In truly semelparous species, death following reproduction is a component of a larger plan that includes optimizing reproduction at the expense of future existence. There will always be some iteroparous individuals who pass away between their first and second reproductive episodes, but this is not considered semelparity unless it is a symptom of a syndrome of programmed death after reproduction. Semelparity and iteroparity are extremes along a spectrum of potential methods rather than opposing ones strictly speaking.
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Is the indicator stain in this microscope slide localized in organelles or distributed evenly throughout the cell?
The indicator stain in this microscope slide will be localized in organelles.
What are indicators?Substances called indicators are those whose solutions change color as the pH changes. We refer to these as acid-base indicators. The conjugate base or acid versions of these typically weak acids or bases have various hues because of variations in their absorption spectra.Organic weak acids or bases with complex structures are indicators. To assess the pH (acidity or basicity) of a solution visually, a little amount of a halochromic chemical substance is added to the solution.Therefore, under the Arrhenius model, a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydrogen ions (H+). According to the pH, the indicator typically causes the color of the solution to change. Other physical attributes can also alter, as seen by indicators.To learn more about pH indicator with the given link
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Genital warts are difficult to treat effectively because Group of answer choices they grow into large clusters on most infected individuals. available treatments do not eradicate the virus. the incubation period is very short. the bacterium that causes them is resistant to most antibiotics.
The correct answer to this question is that available treatments do not eradicate the virus.
Genital wart is a viral infection and a sexually transmitted disease. The virus which causes this disease is called HPV(Human Papillomavirus). In the current day scenario, no permanent cure is available for this disease. They disappear all on their own and then return.
Doctors recommend temporary treatments like topical creams(such as Imiquimod), cryotherapy, electrodesiccation(efficiency 94%), and laser treatment to treat genital warts. With these treatments, warts fell from the infected area after they again return after some weeks or sometimes after a year. These treatments also have their side effects.
Hence, there is no permanent solution or cure for this disease.
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If you were to add a starch solution into a dialysis bag to create a makeshift cell and then placed it in a beaker of pure water for an hour, what would happen?
Starch does not pass through the semipermeable membrane because starch molecules are too large to fit through the small pore of the dialysis bag membrane.
Dialysis bags or tubings are made as a mimic for the cellular membrane which acts as a semipermeable membrane. These membranes have pores to allow small molecules to permeate through them.
They mimic cellular membrane activities such as diffusion and osmosis. These dialyzing membranes are made up of nanoporous polymers such as cellulose, cellulose acetate, PES, etc.
In contrast to starch, glucose, iodine, and water molecules are small enough to pass through the membrane.
Diffusion and osmosis move substances from higher concentration to lower concentration.
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Which cell becomes a macrophage when leaving the bloodstream? eosinophil basophil neutrophil lymphocyte monocyte
What is criminal homicide, and what are the key issues involved in in explaining patterns of homicide?
Murder and Negligent Manslaughter are both forms of criminal homicide. The intentional (non-negligent) death of one person by another.
Any death brought on by wounds sustained in a brawl, disagreement, dispute, assault, or commission of a crime is typically categorized as murder and negligent manslaughter is criminal homicide.Socialization theories, symbolic interactionism, social structural theories, control theory, and social ecology theory are a few examples of criminal theories. Historically, one of the most well-known and prominent explanations for why people commit homicide and act violently has been the socialization theory of homicide and aggression.the following are the key issues involved in in explaining patterns of homicide:-thesis on the subculture of violence
-the victim-offender dynamic
hypothesis of exposure reduction
Disinhibition that is selective
using weapons
-sibling infractions
-drug and alcohol abuse
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Firefighters should wear scba in hazardous atmospheres, because exposure to particulate contaminants such as _____ can cause lung cancer or cardiovascular disease.
Firefighters should wear scuba in hazardous atmospheres because exposure to particulate contaminants such as smoke can cause lung cancer or cardiovascular disease.
What are particulate contaminants?Particulate contaminants are macro or microscopic solid or liquid materials that float in the atmosphere. When these materials are present in an amount capable of causing a health hazard, they are described as pollutants.
Examples of particulate contaminants are smoke, dust, ashes, etc. They constitute health hazards when inhaled and bioaccumulated to a certain level in the body.
Some of the health hazards they constitute include cancer, cardiovascular problems, kidney problems, etc.
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