The wavelength of the wave increases when ultrasound wave that moves from muscle to bone.
Medical ultrasonography refers to ultrasound-based diagnostic procedures (mostly imaging techniques) as well as therapeutic uses. It is used in diagnostics to generate a picture of internal body structures such as tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, as well as to quantify various properties (e.g. distances and velocities) or to provide an instructive auditory sound.
Medical ultrasonography, or simply sonography, is the use of ultrasound to provide visual pictures for medical purposes. Obstetric ultrasonography, or ultrasound examination of pregnant women, was an early development of clinical ultrasonography. Ultrasound is made up of sound waves with frequencies greater than the human hearing range.
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what is the difference between a primary difference between observational (epidemiological) studies and experimental studies?
The difference between a primary difference between observational (epidemiological) studies and experimental studies is that something is being done to the participants in an experimental study.
Experimental studies involve introducing an intervention and observing its results. Typically, volunteers in experimental research are arranged randomly, or by chance. During a randomised controlled trial (RCT), participants are divided into two or more groups on the basis of randomization.
The main distinction between a well-conducted observational studies and experimental designs is that the replies of participants are tally unaffected, whereas in experiments, at minimum some individuals are randomly assigned to an intervention condition.
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When 5110 first appeared, the Grants did not know how to classify him. Where did he come from? Was he a new species of finch, or was he an infertile hybrid of known species? If birds prefer to mate with other birds from their own species, what would 5110's fate be on Daphne where there were no other birds like him?
The Grants performed genetic testing on 5110 and determined that he was a hybrid, with a mixture of G. fortis and G. scandens genes. He was most likely the product of a G. fortis-scandens hybrid backcrossed (mated back) to G. fortis.
Which of the models correctly shows the Grants' hypothesis for 5110's parentage?
The model that correctly shows the Grants' hypothesis for 5110's parentage is a hybrid between a G. fortis and G. scandens, backcrossed to G. fortis.
The Grants' hypothesis for 5110's parentage is that he was a hybrid of G. fortis and G. scandens, and most likely the product of a G. fortis-scandens hybrid backcrossed to G. fortis.
The correct model for this hypothesis would show a G. fortis-scandens hybrid as the first parent and a G. fortis bird as the second parent. The resulting offspring would be 5110, with a mixture of genes from both parent species.
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what examples of peripheral vs integral proteins on rbcs and what are the main functions for these proteins?
Integral proteins serve as carrier proteins, channel proteins, and enzymes. Peripheral Proteins: Peripheral proteins serve as receptors and surface antigens.
The biological membrane that isolates a cell's contents from its surroundings is called the plasma membrane. A phospholipid bilayer constitutes its structure. Only specific molecules can pass through the selectively permeable plasma membrane, which acts as a barrier. The plasma membrane also contains various kinds of embedded proteins. Such membrane proteins can either be integral or peripheral. As opposed to peripheral proteins, which are found on the inner or outer surfaces of the phospholipid bilayer, integral proteins are embedded throughout the entire bilayer.
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against which type of antigen is a catalytic antibody (abzyme) generated? an analog of the transition-state in the reaction an analog of the product of the reaction an analog of the transition-state intermediate in the reaction the substrate of the reaction
Gain state analogs have been utilized for producing synergist antibodies, antibodies that catalyze substance responses. Catalysts lower initiation energy and speed up catalysis by firmly restricting the progress state.
The synergist neutralizer, otherwise called immunizer chemical, is a kind of immunoglobulin with synergist capacity, meaning it might tie to an antigen at any point as well as catalyze specific responses like a catalyst.
Synergist antibodies are delivered when an organic entity is inoculated with a hapten particle. The hapten particle is typically intended to look like the progress condition of metabolic response. Antibodies carry on like troopers to the body, battling undesirable materials.
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Q-Against which type of antigen is a catalytic antibody (abzyme) generated?The substrate of the reaction.
A. An analog of the transition-state intermediate in the reaction.
B. An analog of the transition state in the reaction.
C. An analog of the product of the reaction.
while working in his garden at the abbey where he lived, mendel used pea plants to demonstrate how traits are inherited. he used his experiments led to the development of his laws of inheritance. what part of the punnett square best represents the law of segregation?
In Mendel's experiment on pea plants, the diagonal of the Punnett square represents the law of segregation.
Gregor Mendel's laws of inheritance are a set of principles that describe how traits are passed down from one generation to the next in organisms that reproduce sexually. The two main laws are:
Law of Segregation: This law states that during the formation of gametes (sex cells), the two alleles for a trait separate so that each gamete only contains one allele. This results in offspring having a 50-50 chance of inheriting either allele from each parent.
Law of Dominance: This law states that when an organism has two different alleles for a trait, one allele (the dominant allele) will always be expressed, while the other allele (the recessive allele) will not be expressed. If an organism is homozygous dominant (has two dominant alleles) or homozygous recessive (has two recessive alleles), its phenotype (appearance) will be determined solely by the dominant or recessive allele. If the organism is heterozygous (has one dominant and one recessive allele), its phenotype will be determined by the dominant allele.
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1. first, you would like to assess if there is a loss of ach, glu, or gaba neurons. where would you look in the brain for each of these types of neurons?
If there is a loss of ACh, Glu, or GABA neurons, we would look in the basal forebrain for each of these types of neurons.
Thus, the correct answer is the basal forebrain.
The bаsаl forebrаin (BF) plаys аn importаnt role in modulаting corticаl аctivity аnd influencing аttention, leаrning аnd memory. These аctivities аre fulfilled importаntly yet not entirely by cholinergic neurons. The lаrge populаtion of BF neurons, only а smаll proportion hаs the cаpаcity to synthesize аcetylcholine (АCh), one third to synthesize GАBА аnd the vаst mаjority to synthesize glutаmаte (Glu). Moreover, through the presence of phosphate-activated glutaminase (PАG), а proportion of АCh- аnd GАBА-synthesizing neurons аlso hаve the cаpаcity to synthesize Glu.
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compare the structure of the nucleoside triphosphate ctp with the structure of atp.
CTP and ATP are both nucleoside triphosphates, which serve as the foundation for nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. CTP and ATP have different nitrogenous bases.
with CTP having cytosine and ATP having adenine. Furthermore, the configuration of their phosphate groups differs. While both CTP and ATP include three phosphate groups, their placement throughout the molecule might differ. Because of this structural variation, the energy contained within each molecule varies, with ATP having a larger energy content than CTP. CTP and ATP are both nucleoside triphosphates, which serve as the foundation for nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. CTP and ATP have different nitrogenous bases. CTP having cytosine and ATP having adenine. Furthermore, the configuration of their phosphate groups differs. While both CTP and ATP include three phosphate groups.
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the normal range, that is the density or average number per cubic millimeter (mm3) of whole blood, for platelets is /mm3. multiple choice question.
The normal range for platelets (per cubic millimeter (mm3) of whole blood) is typically A: 150,000 to 450,000/mm3.
Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are small, disk-shaped cell fragments that play a critical role in blood clotting. They are formed from larger cells called megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and are released into the bloodstream.
The normal range for platelets in whole blood is typically considered to be between 150,000 and 450,000 per cubic millimeter (mm3). This range represents the average number of platelets in a healthy individual's blood.
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Complete question
the normal range, that is the density or average number per cubic millimeter (mm3) of whole blood, for platelets is /mm3. multiple choice question.
A: 150,000 to 450,000/mm3
B: 100,000 to 550,000/mm3
C: 150,000 to 350,000/mm3
"
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what structures comprise the upper respiratory system, from superior to inferior?
The upper respiratory system from superior to inferior, comprises the nose, nasal depressions, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. The nose is the external organ of the upper respiratory system, composed of a ground and two nostrils.
The nasal depressions are the two galleries within the nose. They're connected to the sinuses, which are air- filled depressions within the cranium that are lined with mucous membranes. The pharynx is a channel- shaped tube that connects the nasal depressions to the larynx.
The larynx, generally known as the voice box, is a short hallway that connects the pharynx to the trachea. It contains the oral cords and is responsible for producing sound. The trachea is the tube through which air passes from the larynx to the lungs. The trachea is lined with cilia,
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Why is potassium permanganate used in diffusion experiment?
Answer: Potassium permanganate used in diffusion experiment
Explanation: Because of the random movement of potassium permanganate particles, a dense purple solution forms in water at base of the beaker. The purple solution will slowly spread into the rest of the water throughout the beaker creating a less dense but evenly colored purple solution.
the pressure of blood when it returns to the heart via the venae cavae is very small (only a few mm hg). compared to the pressure of blood when it leaves the heart (approximately 80 mm hg for the diastolic pressure of an average healthy person), the blood pressure at the venae cavae is negligible, so we will approximate it as 0 mm hg. therefore, any change in the pressure difference across the circulatory system must be due to an increase in the pressure of the blood that is leaving the heart. 7. if the normal diastolic blood pressure for a human is approximately 80 mm hg, what is the diastolic blood pressure for a severely anemic person? show your work
The diastolic blood pressure of a human is typically around 80 mmHg, though this can vary due to age, sex, and health.
When the oxygen-carrying red blood cells in the body are reduced, as in the case of severe anemia, the heart must work harder to pump blood around the body, leading to an increased heart rate and a lower diastolic blood pressure. In such cases, the diastolic blood pressure may be as low as 70 mmHg or lower.
If anemia is suspected, it is essential to seek medical attention and have a full blood count done. The only reliable way to diagnose anemia is through a physical examination and laboratory tests. Once anemia is confirmed, it is crucial to begin treatment right away to avoid further complications. Treatments for anemia may include iron supplements, blood transfusions, and dietary adjustments.
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* Discuss the population distribution of Nepal. According rural and urban area.
Answer:
It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages. Nepal rural population for 2020 was 23,141,618, a 1.31% increase from 2019. Nepal rural population for 2019 was 22,843,201, a 1.3% increase from 2018.
Nepal Rural Population 1960-2021 |
Explanation:
when ejecting a protein sample into a well of the sds-page gel with a pipetter, why should you only push down on the pushbutton to the first stop and not the second stop?
Option e is Correct. When you press down to the second stop, air will be ejected from the pipette tip, which could blow the liquid meant for that particular well into the wells nearby.
The first and second stops on the pipette are its two stops. The first stop, or the amount that is specified, is the one that changes. The second stop is to give the tip an extra push to clear it of all the liquid. Some air is expelled when the pipette is moved to the second stop.
The main reason we stop at the first stop while loading samples onto wells during SDS-PAGE is to prevent the contents from spilling into nearby wells.
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Correct Question:
When ejecting a protein sample into a well of the SDS-PAGE gel with a pipetter, why should you only push down on the pushbutton to the first stop and not the second stop?Select one:
a. Pushing down to the second stop will eject more sample than required.
b. The pushbutton should only be pushed down to the second stop when loading the sample into the pipetter.
c. Pushing down to the second stop when loading the samples will not affectthe SDS-PAGE results.
d. Pushing down to the second stop could denature the protein sample.
e. Pushing down to the second stop will result in ejection of air from the pipet tip, which could blow the content intended for that particular well to the surrounding wells
what is the disease that disrupts normal metabolism, interfering with cells' ability to take in glucose for energy production?
Answer:
Metabolic syndrome
Explanation:
is closely linked to overweight or obese and inactivity. It's also linked to a condition called insulin resistance. Normally, your digestive system breaks down the foods you eat into sugar.
0.
The Great Lakes Basin formed over the course of thousands of years and across hundreds of miles.
After forming, the basin filled with water to create the Great Lakes. What process created the Great
Lakes?
OA. The oceans evaporated leaving the basin behind.
OB. Glaciers moved across the basin and melted.
OC. Wind eroded the land creating the basin.
OD.
A massive flood washed away the land.
Deposition will take place.
Explanation:
Deposition is the process in which the river errodes its bed and bank to form a basin.
according to the megaplate video, why does bacterial growth pause when the bacteria reach an antibiotic boundary?. choose the most accurate response.
Antibiotics are not present at either end of the MEGA plate. However, the scientists paint bands of antibiotics of increasing potency every few centimeters in toward the center. Every increase in antibiotic concentration is a stressor that the bacteria (which are simply E. coli) must deal with.
In the MEGA plate video, it''s both beautiful and terrifying to see antibiotics fall victim to the might of evolution. The bacteria (shown in milky white) are all stopped at the first antibiotic band.
However, a small group of bacteria with a mutation that allows them to survive the chemical attack manages to break through. These mutant bacteria become the population's dominant type. This process is repeated for each stronger antibiotic band until the bacteria achieve total resistance at the center.
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Subclavian vein
Which vessel does the tip of a central venous catheter terminate in?
The tip of a central venous catheter terminates in the superior vena cava.
A central venous catheter (CVC) is a long, thin, flexible tube that is inserted into a vein, usually in the neck, chest, or groin. It is used to give medication, fluids, or nutrition to a patient or to draw blood for laboratory testing.
The superior vena cava is a large vein that carries blood from the upper body, including the head, arms, and chest, back to the heart. The tip of the CVC is positioned in the superior vena cava so that the medications, fluids, or nutrition can be administered directly into the bloodstream, where they can quickly reach the heart and the rest of the body.
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which of the following is a characteristic of the zn-finger motif? it interacts with about 2 nucleotides/zn finger. there is a repeated motif in dna-binding proteins. two cys and 2 met coordinate the zn. it binds the minor groove of dna.
A characteristic of the zn-finger motif is B: "There is a repeated motif in DNA-binding proteins".
The zinc finger (ZnF) motif is a common DNA-binding domain found in many transcription factors and other DNA-binding proteins. It consists of a repeated sequence of about 30 amino acids that forms a structure known as a "zinc finger." This structure includes two cysteine residues and two histidine residues that coordinate a zinc ion, which helps to stabilize the structure.
The zinc finger interacts with specific nucleotides in the DNA molecule, usually two to three per finger, and binds the minor groove of the DNA double helix. The repeated nature of the zinc finger allows DNA-binding proteins to recognize and bind to specific sequences of DNA, which can influence gene expression and other cellular processes.
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Sugar is food for plants, what is the type of sugar plants make?
Plants make glucose, a type of simple sugar.
1. increased body temperature, which causes you to sweat, thereby cooling your body temperature, is an example of a negative feedback. a. true b. false
Answer:
Explanation:
true
which genetic disorder is a dominant disorder? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices huntington's chorea fragile x syndrome sickle-cell anemia cystic fibrosis
Fragile X-syndrome is categorized as a dominant X-linked disorder and Huntington's disease is also a dominant disorder of autosomal type.
Fragile X syndrome is basically an X-linked as well as dominant genetic condition that results in a number of developmental problems which include learning disabilities and even cognitive impairment. Usually, males are more severely affected by this disorder as compared to females.
Huntington's disease is an autosomal disorder of dominant type. It is rare genetic condition which causes the degeneration of neurons that are present in the brain. Huntington's disorder brings about a wide impact on a person's functional abilities and results in motor, cognitive and psychiatric disorders.
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which hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may be correct. oxytocin
Although the options are incomplete, the possible options might be (a) oxytocin, (b) ADH, (c) both, (d) none of them
The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are oxytocin and ADH.
What hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?The posterior pituitary which is attached to the hypothalamus control endocrine function and the body’s hormonal response to the environment.
The posterior pituitary store and releases two hormones, oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin). These hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and then transported down the axon for storage in the posterior pituitary gland until they are ready for release.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) which is known as vasopressin, acts as a water-preserving hormone. It is released to vasoconstrict and reabsorbs water from the collecting duct in the kidney.
Oxytocin is commonly excreted in females during the birthing process. It functions to allow the uterus to contract, and release milk from the breast.
Thus, the correct option is (c) both, which is oxytocin and ADH are hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary.
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Identify the products of the electron transport chain. Select all that apply.
A) H₂O
B) NADH
C) CO₂
D) FAD
E) 0₂
F) NAD*
G) ATP
H) FADH₂
The electron transport chain is the process by which electrons are transferred from the oxidation of food molecules such as glucose to the reduction of oxygen molecules.
The electron transport chainIt is an important part of cellular respiration and is responsible for producing most of the energy used by cells. The products of the electron transport chain are ATP, NADH, FADH₂, H₂O, and CO₂. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the main energy currency of the cell and is produced when the energy released from the electron transport chain is used to add a phosphate group to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate). NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) and FADH₂ (Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide) are coenzymes which reduce NAD+ and FAD respectively during oxidation reactions and produce energy which is then used to synthesize ATP. H₂O (Water) is produced when oxygen molecules are reduced by the electron transport chain. CO₂ is a byproduct of the oxidation of food molecules. It is generated when the electrons from the oxidation of food molecules are transferred to the oxygen molecules.Therefore, the products of the electron transport chain are ATP, NADH, FADH₂, H₂O, and CO₂.To learn more about The electron transport chain refer to:
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Describe some common adaptations of predators.
Common adaptations of predators include:
- Sharp teeth and claws for catching and killing prey
- Strong muscles for hunting and pursuit
- Stealth and camouflage for surprise attacks
- Keen senses, such as excellent vision, hearing, or sense of smell, to detect prey
- Speed and agility to chase and catch prey
- Intelligence and problem-solving skills to locate and capture prey
- Pack behavior for cooperative hunting.
what was the purpose of tying thread on each carrot?
Determine the impact of salf by tying the threads (observe osmosis). We might be able to tell if water entered or left the carrot by looking at how tightly the thread is wound.
24 hours after removing the carrots from their solutions, I discovered there were noticeable changes between the two carrots. The length of the carrot that was submerged in the saline water decreased by 1/8 while its breadth remained same. The tension on the string stayed the same as when it was first pulled. The carrot that had been in the fresh water didn't change in length, but it did get wider by 1/8", and the thread was wrapped much more tightly around it.
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What procedure utilizes leukapheresis to collect the buffy coat from whole blood?
A. Photopheresis
B. Plasmapheresis
C. Therapeutic apheresis
D. Erythrocytapheresis
A. Photopheresis utilizes leukapheresis to collect the buffy coat from whole blood.
Photopheresis is a medical procedure that uses leukapheresis to collect the buffy coat, which is the layer of white blood cells, from whole blood. The collected buffy coat is then exposed to ultraviolet light and re-infused back into the patient's bloodstream.
The purpose of this procedure is to treat various skin disorders, such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, by modifying the immune system. Photopheresis is one type of therapeutic apheresis, which is a general term for procedures that remove blood components for therapeutic purposes.
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1 . Would the F1 genotypes be if a homozgyous gray mouse mates with a white mouse.
- P1 cross:______
F1 - genotype(s):____________
- F1 phenotypes:________
Homozygous black spotted= BBss ⇒ Gametes: Bs, Bs, bS, bS
Homozygous brown solid= bbSS ⇒ Gametes: bs, bs, bs, bs
What is resultant progeny?The F1 mice has the resultant progeny from the cross BBss x bbSS. We combine the games of the parents and all combinations are : BbSs. All F1 genotype is BbSs (heterozygous black and solid mice).
The gray color in mice is represented by the G allele and the white color is represented by g allele. For a cross between a homzygous gray mouse and a white mouse:
Genotype of the gray mouse - GG
Genotype of the white mouse - gg
All (100%) the offspring at the F1 would have the genotype Gg and would be gray in color since G is dominant over g. (See the attached image for the Punnet's square).
Therefore, Homozygous black spotted= BBss ⇒ Gametes: Bs, Bs, bS, bS
Homozygous brown solid= bbSS ⇒ Gametes: bs, bs, bs, bs
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how can cardiac muscle tissue get sufficient rest
The cardiac muscle tissue get sufficient rest through few mechanisms in place to help it recover between contractions and maintain a steady rhythm:
DiastoleAutoregulationCoronary circulationSympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systemCardiac muscle tissue, also known as the heart muscle, has a unique characteristic compared to other types of muscle tissue in the body. Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is responsible for continuously pumping blood and doesn't have the ability to fully relax and rest.
Diastole: During diastole, the heart relaxes and fills with blood. This phase allows the heart to recover and receive an adequate amount of oxygen and nutrients before the next contraction.
Autoregulation: Cardiac muscle has the ability to regulate its own blood flow, ensuring that it receives sufficient oxygen and nutrients even during periods of increased demand.
Coronary circulation: The heart has its own blood supply, known as the coronary circulation, which helps to ensure that the heart muscle receives an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system: The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems play a role in regulating the heart rate and ensuring that the heart receives sufficient rest between contractions.
It is important to maintain a healthy heart and lifestyle to ensure that the heart muscle receives the rest and nutrients it needs to function properly. This can include regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and avoiding habits that can increase the risk of heart disease, such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
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How could you treat dead smooth bacteria with these enzymes to determine DNA, RNA, or protein iw the genetic material?
To determine if DNA, RNA, or protein is the genetic material in dead smooth bacteria, you could treat the bacteria with specific enzymes and observe the effect on the molecular components.
For DNA, you could treat the bacteria with DNase, an enzyme that specifically degrades DNA. If DNA is the genetic material, you would expect to see a significant decrease in DNA content after treatment with DNase.For RNA, you could treat the bacteria with RNase, an enzyme that specifically degrades RNA. If RNA is the genetic material, you would expect to see a significant decrease in RNA content after treatment with RNase.For protein, you could treat the bacteria with proteases, enzymes that specifically degrade proteins. If protein is the genetic material, you would expect to see a significant decrease in protein content after treatment with proteases.By comparing the relative stability of the molecular components after treatment with the specific enzymes, you can determine which one is the genetic material. The molecular component that is most resistant to degradation by the corresponding enzyme is likely to be the genetic material.
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In regard to evolution, what is an important note about nervous systems? a. They separate animals from plants. b. They were present in the first single-celled life forms. c. They first developed with brains. d. They developed more than a billion years ago.
The important note about nervous system in regard to evolution is: (a) They separate animals from plants.
The nervous system is comprised of the brain, spinal cords and the various nerves. The function of nervous system is to regulate all the functions of the body. The functions of nervous system is the transmission of signals to and from the brain.
Evolution is the phenomenon of slow and gradual changes in a population. These changes takes generation over generations to occur. The changes are usually morphological that help the organisms of the population to adapt better in their surroundings. Evolution may cause genetic changes in the body.
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