Answer:
The equation NPP = GPP - R represents option B, the amount of chemical energy that will not be available to consumers.
NPP stands for net primary productivity, which is the amount of energy that is available to the primary consumers in an ecosystem after the energy used by the producers (GPP - gross primary productivity) for their own metabolic needs (R - respiration) is subtracted.
Therefore, NPP is the energy that is left over after the producers have met their own needs, and it is available for consumption by the consumers in the ecosystem. The equation shows that not all of the energy that is produced by the plants through photosynthesis is available for consumption by the consumers. Some of it is used by the plants themselves for their own metabolic processes.
Describe the roles of B and T cells in providing immunity for a specific viral disease
B and T lymphocytes protect against viruses.
B cells produce antibodies that neutralise virus particles. B cells triggered by viruses create high amounts of virus-specific antibodies. These antibodies neutralise the virus, preventing it from infecting healthy cells.
T lymphocytes kill infected cells directly. They destroy virus-infected cells before they spread to healthy ones. T cells also stimulate and coordinate the immune response to target the viral infection. B and T lymphocytes cooperate to fight viruses.
Learn more about lymphocytes, here:
https://brainly.com/question/8807012
#SPJ1
What does the moon not have on its own?
O rotational period
O gravity
O revolution period
Olight
Part A
Which statement best explains what caused some
theropods to develop feathers?
A mutation in DNA affected the types of
proteins produced by placodes.
b
A protein in the placodes caused a mutation
in the gene that produces feathers.
a
A mutation in the placode gene caused
placodes to produce different DNA.
A mutation in DNA caused the placodes that
control genes to grow feathers.
Part B
Which information is evidence that best supports the
answer to Part A?
The DNA of modern-day vertebrates codes for
the proteins in placodes.
b
All vertebrate embryos have the same genetic
mutations in their placode DNA.
Placodes in all modern-day embryos contain
the same number of mutations.
d
A single placode can spontaneously develop
into any type of body covering.
The statement that best explain the cause of some theropods to develop feathers is (option D) A mutation in DNA caused the placodes that control genes to grow feathers.
The information that best supports the answer to Part A is (option A) The DNA of modern-day vertebrates codes for the proteins in placodes.
What are placodes?Placodes develop during embryonic growth from thickened regions of epithelium that give rise to vital sensory organs and structures including teeth, feathers, hair follicles and specific glands. These delicate patches represent the cornerstone for morphogenesis by initiating the differentiation into complex tissue patterns.
Learn about mutation here https://brainly.com/question/17031191
#SPJ1
Which of the following is the most accurate definition of behavior?
A. Behavior is an action that can be observed with lab equipment.
B. Behavior is an action that is only measurable with medical equipment.
C. Behavior is an action that can be observed and measured.
D. Behavior is an action that is private but observable and measurable.
Answer:
behavior is an action that can be observed and measured
Answer:
Explanation:
D
What step in the scientific method is next after conducting an experiment
Answer:
Recording the Data
Explanation:
5. The diagram below shows the female reproductive system. Which one of the following statements is correct? (1) A fertilised egg is released from Y. (2) The egg travels from X to Z. (3) During fertilisation, the sperm fuses with the egg in Z. (4) The fertilised egg will divide to form more cells and attach to the wall in Y
Answer:
4
Explanation:
fertilised egg is released at 'x'
egg travels from x to y
fuses at Y
Which of the following actions would help to reduce the risk of infection transmission when transferring patients between hospitals? (Select 4, correct responses): a. Remove and dispose of contaminated PPE before entering the new hospital
b. Ensure all frequently touched surfaces are cleaned before and after the transport c. Do not allow the patient to use the toilet during transport
d. Cover any symptomatic rashes or skin breaches,
e. Change any dressings of skin breaches on the patient before entering * the new hospital
f. Perform hand hygiene before and after the patient is moved
Which of these is an advantage of solar power?
It is versatile. There are many different ways to trap heat or produce electricity from solar energy.
It is the most inexpensive way to generate electricity on a large scale.
The price has dropped dramatically in recent years and it is now very affordable for the average homeowner.
It is a form of energy that can be trapped 24 hours a day, year round.
The advantage of solar power is it is the most inexpensive way to generate electricity on a large scale.
The sun's energy is converted into electricity by solar power. Electricity and heat are the two forms of sun-generated energy that we can use. Both are created using sun powered chargers, which range in size from private roofs to 'sun based homesteads.
Solar power heating, passive solar design for space heating and cooling, and solar photovoltaics for electricity generation are the most widely used solar technologies for homes and businesses.
Learn more about solar power:
https://brainly.com/question/23810774
#SPJ1
Does diffusion work better across dry or wet surfaces?
Answer:
Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration across different surfaces. It usually works better on wet surfaces because water molecules help particles move. Dry surfaces may not have enough moisture to help particles move, slowing or hindering diffusion. The surface type can also affect diffusion - porous materials allow for easier diffusion while dense materials restrict it.
What's developed as a result of the electron transport chain?
Answer:
The electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of protein complexes located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions. As a result of the ETC, a proton gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which drives ATP synthesis by the enzyme ATP synthase. The ATP produced through oxidative phosphorylation is the primary energy source for most cellular processes.
Explanation:
The electron transport chain (ETC) is the final step of aerobic cellular respiration and is where the majority of ATP is generated. As electrons move through the ETC, they release energy that is used to pump hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient powers ATP synthase, which generates ATP by adding a phosphate group to ADP. In summary, the electron transport chain results in the production of ATP, which is the primary source of energy for cellular processes.
PLEASE HELP ASAP
write a multi paragraph informative essay about sharks
Sharks are a diverse group of cartilaginous fishes that play a vital role in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem.
There are over 500 species of sharks, each with its unique physical and behavioral adaptations that allow it to thrive in its environment. Despite their fearsome reputation, only a few species of sharks are considered dangerous to humans.
Sharks are top predators in their ecosystem, and they play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the food chain. As apex predators, they help to regulate the populations of prey species, which in turn helps to maintain the health of the ecosystem. Many species of sharks have also developed unique adaptations to aid them in hunting their prey. For example, the hammerhead shark has a distinctive head shape that allows it to have a wider field of vision, enabling it to spot its prey more efficiently.
Unfortunately, many species of sharks are currently threatened with extinction due to overfishing, bycatch, and habitat loss. Despite their ecological importance, sharks are often killed for their meat, fins, and other body parts, which are highly valued in some cultures. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these apex predators, including the creation of marine protected areas and the regulation of shark fishing.
Overall, sharks are an essential part of the marine ecosystem, playing a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the food chain. While some species of sharks can be dangerous to humans, they are not the mindless killing machines that they are often portrayed to be. Instead, they are highly adapted and sophisticated creatures that deserve our respect and protection. By taking steps to protect these apex predators, we can help to ensure the health and stability of the oceans for generations to come.
To lean more about cartilaginous fishes
https://brainly.com/question/3520910
#SPJ1
What is the benefit of a feed-in tariff?
The tariff includes the true cost pricing for renewable energy generation.
Owners of renewable energy equipment have part of the cost of the equipment paid for before it is installed.
Owners of renewable energy equipment can be paid for energy they sell back to the grid.
The tariff pays to store the excess electricity generated by renewable energy equipment.
The benefit of a feed-in tariff is owners of renewable energy equipment can be paid for energy they sell back to the grid.
A feed-in tariff is an energy strategy zeroed in on supporting the turn of events and spread of sustainable power age. Providers of energy from renewable sources like solar, wind, or water receive a price based on the costs of generation in a feed-in tariff scheme.
A policy instrument designed to encourage investment in renewable energy sources is the feed-in tariff. Typically, this entails promising small-scale energy producers an above-market price for the energy they supply to the grid.
Learn more about feed-in-tariff:
https://brainly.com/question/13322010
#SPJ1
Pls Help I need help, I need a drawing of model
Throughout human existence we have relied on the oceans – for food, as a waste dump, for recreation, for economic opportunities and so on. However, it’s not only our activities in the marine environment that affect life in the sea – it’s also the things we do on land.
It is hardly unexpected that our actions are having an impact, given that more than half of the world's population currently resides within 100 kilometers of the coast. With our quick population growth, major technological advancements, and huge changes in land usage, human impacts have risen. New Zealand is not an exception when it comes to the effects of overfishing, pollution, and alien species on marine life.
The ocean and the creatures that dwell there are coming under growing pressure from human activity, both at sea and on land.
The ocean has probably always provided sustenance for people who live near the coast. However, many fish stocks all around the world have decreased dramatically as a result of improvements in fishing gear, bigger ships, and new tracking technologies. Many people now believe that the fish populations on the continental shelf have been over- or totally fished. Unsustainable fishing methods can harm the marine environment in other ways besides diminishing fish stocks. For instance, certain fishing methods like trawling and dredging can significantly harm marine habitats and creatures that live on the sea floor. Additionally, bycatch, or non-target species, are frequently caught using these approaches and discarded.
Unsustainable fishing practices refer to the use of different fishing techniques to catch or harvest fish at a rate that causes fish populations to decline over time.
Thus, In addition to being used as a technique for overfishing, which causes fish populations to decline at a rate that cannot be sustained, these tactics are seen to enable the destructive fishing practices that devastate ocean ecosystems.
These unsustainable fishing techniques can be carried out using anything from consumer-level gear like fishing rods and nets to commercial-grade machinery like bottom trawling.
These fishing techniques are not sustainable since they are used in conjunction with rising fishing demands brought on by social behaviors like over-exploitation and over-fishing.
Thus, Unsustainable fishing practices refer to the use of different fishing techniques to catch or harvest fish at a rate that causes fish populations to decline over time.
Learn more about fishing techniques, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/4800603
#SPJ1
pls help asap! due tonight! 9th grade bio
Regulatory proteins are molecules that form a complex connection with certain segments of the DNA, resultantly managing gene expression.
How to explain the termsAn operon is a collection of transcribed genes governed together and viewed jointly. It encompasses an operator, a promotor, and the transcribed genetics.
The promotor is an assembled series of DNA located upstream to the gene nucleotide outlines and acts as the facultative hub for the RNA Polymerase enzyme which initiates the transcription process. The operator is another sequence of DNA found upstream of the promotor and acts as a toggle switch allowing either activation or deactivation of the gene.
Learn more about protein on
https://brainly.com/question/884935
#SPJ1
Which ocean current warms the climate of northwestern Europe?
Answer:
The Atlantic overturning is one of Earth's most important heat transport systems, pumping warm water northwards and cold water southwards.
Explanation:
hope it helps
which part of a list is most difficult to remember and thus requires additional practice
The middle part of a list is often the most difficult to remember and may require additional practice.
Why is a list important?A list is useful for organizing information, ideas, or chores in a clear and organized manner. It may also be used to remind of what has to be done or what has already been done. Lists are very useful when there are a lot of items to keep track of or a lot of information to recall.
This is known as the serial position effect, where items in the middle of a list are not as well remembered as items at the beginning or end of the list.
Find out more on list here: https://brainly.com/question/29832462
#SPJ1
Which one of These are small differences in a trait of an organism.
Adaptations
Variations
Species
Mutations
Answer:
Variations
Explanation:
due to variations, we all look different even though we are humans
mention the methods of drying fruits and vegetable?
Answer:
There are several methods for drying fruits and vegetables:
Sun-drying: This involves spreading the produce out in direct sunlight to dry naturally.
Oven-drying: This method involves placing the produce in a low-temperature oven to dry it out slowly.
Dehydrator: A dehydrator uses low heat and a fan to circulate air and remove moisture from the produce.
Air-drying: This method involves hanging the produce in a well-ventilated area to allow air to circulate and dry it out.
Freeze-drying: This method involves freezing the produce and then removing the water content through a process of sublimation.
Microwave drying: This is a quick method of drying small quantities of produce in a microwave oven.
The method used depends on the type of produce being dried, the available equipment, and the desired outcome.
What is an autograph?
The definition of an autograph is the signature of a person written with his own hand, especially one written by someone well-known.
Answer: a signature, especially that of a celebrity written as a memento for an admirer
Explanation:
Pour each bag of candy into a separate container or dish so you can see all the colors in each bag. Assign a letter to each color of chocolate candies and fruit candies, and record your key.
For example, red=R, purple=P
Without looking, randomly choose nine candies from each container one at a time. Using the letter symbols, record each candy as it is removed. Record your results using the following table. Example, R for red, Bl for blue, and so on.
Color
Color
Color
Color
Color
Color
Color
Color
Color
Number of different colors in total for this trial
Fruit Candy Trial 1
Fruit Candy Trial 2
Fruit Candy Trial 3
Chocolate Candy Trial 1
Chocolate Candy Trial 2
Chocolate Candy Trial 3
Count the number of species in each sample. Each color represents a different plant in the habitat.
Example: R, Bl, G, G, Y, Y, G, Bl, Bl has 4 species of plants (R, Bl, G, and Y).
You will then be dividing the # of different species (which is the # of different colors) in the next step.
Calculate the diversity index of both the bag of chocolate candies and fruit candies using the following formula for each trial.
Diversity Index = # of species
# of samples
Example:
R, Bl, G, G, Y, Y, G, Bl, Bl is 4/9 = 0.44
The # of species is 4 because there are 4 different colors.
Put the diversity index for each of the 6 trials in this table. This will always be a number less than 1, but more than zero.
Calculate the average from the three trials.
Diversity Index Table
Sample
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average
Fruit
Chocolate
Analysis (Make sure you scroll down to see all 7 questions.)
How did the diversity index values vary from the chocolate candies and fruit candies? Which habitat is the most diverse?
Why are communities that are more diverse usually more stable? Include resistance to disease and predation in your answer.
Assume two habitats have the same number of species. One habitat is predominantly one species with just a few of the other species. The other habitat has equal numbers of all the different species. Which will have the highest diversity index?
Why do you think the process was repeated three times?
There are many human-caused losses of biodiversity, such as habitat destruction and introduction of invasive species. Are there any natural events that could alter the diversity index?
How do invasive species change the diversity index?
What do you think would happen to a habitat if the plant diversity declines?
please help fast!!!!
thank you
Invasive species can potentially change the diversity index in a number of ways. They may come to an area where they have no natural predators, leading to overpopulation and rapid consumption of ecosystem resources.
Invasive species are capable of causing extinctions of native plants and animals, reducing biodiversity, competing with native organisms for limited resources, and altering habitats.
The impacts of alien invasive species at the ecosystem level include changes to trophic structures, changes in the availability of resources such as water and nutrients, and changes in the disturbance regimes.
Learn more about invasive species:
https://brainly.com/question/21452505
#SPJ1
Help pls: As the human population has increased over time, wilderness lands have decreased.
What are the two main reasons that wilderness land has decreased?
Select the two correct answers.
• Pollution has harmed wilderness areas.
• Towns and cities have grown and expanded.
• Human activities have caused the climate to change.
• More land is needed for farming and ranching.
• People no longer need or want wilderness areas.
Answer:
• Pollution has harmed wilderness areas.
• More land is needed for farming and ranching.
Explanation:
write a multi paragraph informative essay about sharks
Answer:
sharks exist
Explanation
a. Draw up an identification key (dichotomous key) in a brief outline for the differentiation of ALL
the Protozoa you have studied
We can see that brief outline for a dichotomous key to differentiate a protozoa:
Does the protozoa have cilia?Is the cilia evenly distributed over the entire body surface?Does the protozoa have flagella?What is dichotomous key?In biology, a dichotomous key is a tool used to identify and classify organisms depending on their properties. It is a series of questions or statements ordered in a certain order, with just two viable responses to each question.
The dichotomous key is known to be based on the principle of "divide and conquer". In this, it is seen that the characteristics of an organism are progressively divided into smaller and smaller groups until a unique identification is achieved.
Learn more about dichotomous key on https://brainly.com/question/1726339
#SPJ1
The range of the North American bobcat (Rufus lynx) extends from Mexico and California to Canad. In the Midwestern states, the bobcat's range was greatly reduced when land was converted to agriculture; bobcat numbers decreased. Which is the most plausible result of range restriction on the Midwestern bobcat populations?
An example of environmental racism is placing which of the following in poor areas more frequently than more wealthy areas?
Land fils
Factories
Hazardous
All of the above
Answer:
An example of environmental racism is placing all of the following in poor areas more frequently than more wealthy areas, including landfills, factories, and hazardous waste facilities.
Explanation:
mark brainliest
write down the steps of double fertilization
Steps of Double Fertilization.
It was discovered by S.G. Nawaschin (1897) Lilium are Fertillaria sps.1. Germination of pollen on stigma :
(i) By absorbing secretion of stigma pollen swells up and outer layer exine ruptures whereas inner lintine comes out in the form of pollen tube.
(ii) Branched polen tube is formed in amentiferae group.
(iii) In families malvaceae, cucurbitaceae, etc. polysiphonous condition (many pollen tubes from a single pollen) is found.
2. Path taken up by pollen tube :
(i) Pollen tube pierces through stigmatic papilla into the tissue of style.
(ii) Filiform apparatus of synergids secrete some chemotropically active substances, which promotes porogamy.
(iii) Obturator (special structure) act as a bridge for growth of pollen tube.
(iv) Cations are naturally occurring chemotropic agents in the pistil.
3. Entry of pollen tube into embryo sac :
(i) It enters into the ovule by either of the two methods; porogamy, chalazogamy or mesogamy.
(ii) Irrespective of the mode of entry of pollen tube into the ovule, the pollen tube always enters into embryo sac at micropylar end (Porogany).
(iii) If enters through chalaza (base) it is termed chalazogany.
(iv) If pierces through integuments, it is called mesogamy.
(v) Tip of pollen tube penetrates embryo sac and reaches egg apparatus.
4. Syngamy (Generative fertilization)
(i) Pollen tube burst as tube nucleus disorganises.
(ii) One of male gametes fuses with egg cell or oosphere.
(iii) Deploid oospore or zygote is formed.
5. Triple fusion (Vegetative fertilization) :
The other gamete fuses with secondary nucleus forming triploid primary endosperm (PEN) which later give rise to endosperm.
Answer:
Double fertilization is a process unique to flowering plants (angiosperms) in which two sperm cells fertilize two different structures within the female reproductive system. The steps of double fertilization are:
Pollination: transfer of pollen grains from the male to the female flowerGermination: the pollen grain forms a pollen tube and grows down the style towards the ovuleSyngamy: the first sperm cell fuses with the egg cell to form a diploid zygote (2n)Endosperm formation: the second sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei to form a triploid cell (3n) which undergoes cell division to form the endospermEmbryo formation: the zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division and differentiation to form the embryoDouble fertilization leads to the formation of both the embryo and endosperm within the ovule, which ultimately results in the development of a seed.
(PLEASE HELP QUICKLY)
Marco’s little brother is watching a TV program about the gene that causes the genetic disease hemophilia. People with this disease cannot make a protein that is needed for blood to clot. After a few minutes, he turns to Marco and asks, “what exactly is a gene, anyway?”
Which of the following BEST describes a gene?
(A) A gene is a random change to an organism’s DNA.
(B) A gene is a structure in a cell that contains the cell’s chromosomes.
(C) A gene is made of DNA and contains the instructions for building proteins.
(D) A gene is a protein that makes up an organism’s structure and helps it function.
Answer:
(C) A gene is made of DNA and contains the instructions for building proteins.
Explanation:
Hibernation gives animals which of these benefits?
Protection from harmful weather
Protection from dry weather
The ability to raise their young in safety
An opportunity to attract mates
Answer:
Hibernation gives animals protection from harmful weather.
What are 3 activities that release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?
Answer:
Burning fossil fuels, releasing chemicals into the atmosphere, reducing the amount of forest cover, and the rapid expansion of farming, development, and industrial activities are releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and changing the balance of the climate system.
What are the top 3 human activities that produce CO2?
Eighty-five percent of all human-produced carbon dioxide emissions come from the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil, including gasoline. The remainder results from the clearing of forests and other land use, as well as some industrial processes such as cement manufacturing.
What causes carbon dioxide to increase in the atmosphere?
Human Activity Is the Cause of Increased Greenhouse Gas Concentrations. Over the last century, burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). This increase happens because the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to make CO2.
Hope this helps :)
Pls brainliest...
You are the senior software engineer at a start-up company developing an exciting new product that will allow salespeople to generate and email sales quotes and customer invoices from their smartphones.
Your company’s sales force has led a major corporation to believe your product will be available next week. Unfortunately, at this point, the software still contains quite a few bugs. The leader of the testing group has reported that all of the known bugs appear to be minor, but it will take another month of testing for his team to be confident the product contains no catastrophic errors.
Because of the fierce competition in the smartphone software industry, it is critical that your company be “first to market.” To the best of your knowledge, a well-established company will release a similar product in a few weeks. If its product appears
first, your start-up company will probably go out of business.
1. Should you recommend release of the product next week?
2. Who will benefit if the company follows your recommendation?
3. Who will be harmed if the company follows your recommendation?
4. Do you have an obligation to any group of people that may be affected by your decision?
5. What additional information, if any, would help you answer the previous
As a senior software engineer, I cannot recommend the release of a product with known bugs, as it could cause harm to users and damage the reputation of the company. Therefore, I would suggest delaying the release until the testing team is confident that the product is free of catastrophic errors.
If the company follows my recommendation, customers who purchase the product will benefit from a more stable and functional software product.
If the company releases a buggy product, customers could be harmed by losing trust in the product and potentially experiencing financial or other types of losses. The company's reputation could also be harmed, leading to potential harm to the company's employees and shareholders.
As a professional, I have an obligation to act in the best interest of the customers and the company. This means ensuring that the product is of high quality and meets customer expectations, even if it means delaying the release.
To learn more about stakeholders, here
https://brainly.com/question/30463383
#SPJ1
