D.) CI
Explanation:Hi and Bye, have a good one. '^'
Use this equation for the next question.
Mg(OH)2 + NaCl ® MgCl₂ + NaOH
How many hydrogen atoms are on the reactant side?
000
1
02
4
8
If the arrow is pointed this way ->, there is only one H atom on the reactant side; however, if it is pointed this way <- , there are two H atoms. The correct option is A.
Where are the hydrogen atoms?The majority of stars and the sun include it, and the giant Jupiter is primarily made of it. Water is where you'll find the most hydrogen on Earth. Less than 1 part per million cubic volume is all that is found of it as a gas in the air.
What of all atoms are hydrogen?According to the Los Alamos, hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all atoms, which is equivalent to three quarters of the universe's mass. Hydrogen is named after the Greek terms hydro for "water" or genes for "forming."
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The complete question is -
Mg(OH)2 + NaCl ® MgCl₂ + NaOH
How many hydrogen atoms are on the reactant side?
A-1
B-2
C-4
D-8
When 0.4g of zinc trioxocarbonate (IV) reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid, zin chloride was produced and carbon (IV) oxide evolved if the reaction took 2minutes. What was the rate of the reaction
The rate of reaction when 0.4g of zinc trioxocarbonate (iv) reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and carbon (iv) in 2 minutes is 0.0016 mol/min.
What is the rate of a reaction?The rate of a reaction is the time taken for product molecules to appear or the time taken for reactant molecules to be converted.
Rate of reaction = moles of products formed/ time takenOr
Rate of reaction = moles of reactant converted / time takenThe equation of the reaction is given below:
ZnCO₃ (s) + 2 HCl (aq) ---> ZnCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)
Molar mass of zinc carbonate = 125.39=8 g/mol
Moles of zinc carbonate converted = 0.4 / 125.38
Moles of zinc carbonate converted = 0.0032 moles
Time taken = 2 minutes
Rate of reaction = 0.0032/ 2
Rate of reaction = 0.0016 mol/min
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an 11.0 gram sample of cacl2 is dissolved in 125 g of water with both substances at 25.0 c. calculate the final tmeperature of the solution assuming no heat lost to the surroundings and assuming the solution has a specific heat capacity of 4.18j/gc
40.4 C
So far q(rxn) = q(water) + q(CaCl2) (136g)(4.184J/°Cg)(Tfinal - 25.0°C) = (125g)(4.184)(Tfinal - 25.0°c) + (11g)c(Tfinal - 25.0°C).
The specific heat capacity is measured in J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C), and it is the amount of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature rises by 1 K (or 1 °C).The average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system is measured by temperatures. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that when two objects are in thermal equilibrium, no heat is transferred between them, resulting in an equalisation of their temperatures.
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Chemical reactions are categorized as endothermic or exothermic, based upon the energy changes that occur during the reaction.
Describe these two types of reactions.
Explanation:
In an endothermic energy, energy is taken into the reaction system from the surroundings whereas, in an exothermic reaction energy is released out as thermal energy.
Ahmed’s teacher has set up a Geiger-Mueller tube to detect nuclear radiation. She has not yet started to get out the school’s nuclear radiation sources. Ahmed notices there is a low count rate on the detector. State the name for this normal, low-level measurement.
The normal, low-level measurement on the detector when dealing with a Geiger-Mueller tube to detect nuclear radiation is known as background radiation.
What is Radiation?This is referred to as the emission or transmission of energy through space or a material medium. This is usually in the form of waves or particles and it is used for various purposes such as in treatment of diseases.
Radiation can also cause a change in DNA thereby resulting in mutation when exposed to large amounts. Geiger-Mueller tube is used to detect nuclear radiation by scientists for various operations.
In a scenario where there is a low count rate on the detector, it means small amounts were released which is known as the background radiation and it is responsible for the normal, low-level measurement.
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an atom of hydrogen consists of an electron of mass in circular orbit at uniform speed v. the orbital radius is
An electron of mass travelling in a circular orbit with a constant speed of v makes up a hydrogen atom. The orbital radius is 5*10^- 11 meters. The lepton particle family's first generation includes electrons.
In a hydrogen atom, the electron orbits the nucleus in a circle with a radius of 5*10^- 11 metres. It lasts for 1.5*10^16 seconds. The electron motion is accompanied by a current (electromagnetic charge: 1.6*10^19 C).
The electron is a subatomic particle with the symbol e or and an electric charge of one elementarily negative charge of hydrogen atom. Because they are thought to be elementary particles and do not have any known components or substructure, electrons are part of the first generation of the lepton particle family.
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In an isolated system, two copper bars at different temperatures transfer energy until both are at the same temperature How would the transfer of energy be difñerent if the bars were in an open system?
The copper bars and the surrounds would transfer energy energy be different if the bars were in an open system.
What is isolated system with example?Systems that are isolated are ones whose energy is constant at all times. Heat is neither generated nor absorbed in isolated systems. An illustration of such an isolated system Thermos flasks are the ideal illustration of isolated systems. There is neither a gain nor a loss of energy because the thermally flask is completely insulated.
Are isolated and isothermal systems similar?As a result, isothermal processes are not able to occur in closed systems. Q. In a thermodynamics cycle, the unit is in contact with an outside source of heat, and changes happen gradually to make regulating the temperature easier. An adiabatic process isolates the system.
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what happens when hydrogen peroxide is added to a catalase-positive culture? what is the appearance of the catalase-negative culture when hydrogen peroxide is added?
When hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase positive culture, there is a formation of bubbles of oxygen. When hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase negative culture, there is no formation of bubbles. This is called catalase test.
What is catalase test?
Catalase test determines if the catalase enzyme is present. Catalase enzyme catalyses the release of oxygen gas from hydrogen peroxide, when it is added to it. There is also formation of water by catalase enzyme.
When hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase positive culture, the catalase enzyme in it releases the oxygen gas from hydrogen peroxide in the form of bubbles. In the catalase negative culture, there is no catalase enzyme to release oxygen. This is called catalase test.
Therefore, in the catalase test, if the hydrogen peroxide is added to catalase positive culture there is a formation of bubbles due to the release of oxygen. In the absence of catalase enzyme there is no formation of bubbles due to the absence of oxygen gas.
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How many atoms thick is graphene?
One atom thick film of carbon known as graphene is 200 times stronger than steel and one hundred times thinner than a sheet of paper.
How thick is a graphene atom?1 atom thick
Pure carbon atoms are arranged in a hexagonal lattice in a single layer to form graphene, which is held together by sp2 bonds. Graphite is composed of layers of graphene. The thinnest material known to exist is graphene, which measures one atom thick (0.345Nm). Actually, it is two-dimensional.
A hexagonal honeycomb lattice securely holds a single layer (monolayer) of carbon atoms together to form graphene. It is an allotrope of carbon with sp2-bonded atoms arranged in a plane and a molecular bond length of 0.142 nanometers.
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a chemist measured the amount of beryllium sulfide produced during an experiment. she finds that of beryllium sulfide is produced. calculate the number of moles of beryllium sulfide produced.
The moles of BeS produced is 0.20231 mol.
molecular weight of Be = 9.01 g/mol
molecular weight of S = 32.065 g/mol
Thus, the molecular weight of beryllium sulfide is equal to:
molecular weight of BeS = 9.01 + 32.065 = 41.075 g/mol
The number of moles will be equal to: 8.31*(1/41.075) i.e., 0.20231 mol.
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how many frams of sodium chloride will be produced if 42.5 grams of sodium metal react with excess chlorine
108.10 g of sodium chloride will be produced if 42.5 grams of sodium metal react with excess chlorine.
What is Stoichiometry?The mechanism that chemists employ to quantify quantities in reactions is known by the fancy name of "stoichiometry." The coefficient ratio established using balanced reaction equations is used to establish links between the reactants and products in reactions.
Equation formed:
2Na + Cl₂ = 2NaCl
Molar mass :
Sodium (Na) - 23 g/mol
Chlorine (Cl₂) - 35.5 × 2 = 71 g/mol
Sodium chloride (NaCl) = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol
molar stoichiometric ratio of sodium & chlorine in reaction = 2 : 1.
42.5 grams of sodium contain 3.4/23 or 1.848 moles.
1 g of chlorine has 0.014 moles, or 1/71 of a mol.
Only 1.848/2 = 0.924 mol of chlorine are required to completely transform 1.848 mol of sodium into sodium chloride. Sodium is the limiting reactant, whereas chlorine is the surplus reactant.
In the reaction, the mole ratio of sodium to sodium chloride is 2: 2, which may be expressed as 1: 1.
1.848 mol of sodium utilized equals 1.848 mol of sodium chloride generated.
Molar mass equals moles of sodium chloride times the mass of 1.848 mol of sodium chloride.
m = (58.5 g/mol) × 1.848 mol
m = 108.10 g
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a sample of he gas has a volume of 322 ml and a pressure of 0.9 atm. what will be the pressure, in atm, if the sample of helium is compressed to 125 ml?
The pressure, in atm, if the sample of helium is compressed to 125 ml is 2.32 atm
An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of many randomly transferring factor particles that aren't difficult to interparticle interactions. the best gasoline idea is beneficial because it obeys the precise gas law, a simplified equation of country, and is amenable to evaluation under statistical mechanics.
Volume is a degree of occupied three-dimensional space. it's far more frequently quantified numerically the usage of SI-derived gadgets or by way of diverse imperial gadgets. The definition of length is interrelated with the extent.
Using the ideal gas equation:-
At constant temperature
Given;
P₁ = 0.9 atm
V₁ = 322 ml = 0.322 L
P₂ = ?
V₂ = 125 ml = 0.125 L
P₁V₁ =P₂V₂
P₂ = P₁V₁ /V₂
= 0.9 × 0.322 /0.125
= 2.32 atm
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the karp-flatt metric helps to determine whether the decrease in efficiency is arsing due to higher serial fraction or parallel overhead.
By finding the serial fraction, we arrive to the aforementioned Karp-Flatt metric.
What is Karp-flatt metric ?A measure of code parallelization in systems with parallel processors is the Karp-Flatt metric. This metric exists in addition to Amdahl's law and Gustafson's law as a measure of the level of parallelization of a specific computer code. In 1990, Horace P. Flatt and Alan H. Karp made the suggestion.
The effectiveness of a parallel algorithm operating on a parallel processor can be evaluated in a variety of ways. The Karp-Flatt metric identifies a statistic that highlights performance characteristics that are difficult to identify from other metrics. Amdahl's Law has the following pseudo-"derivation," .
Note that the left hand side reflects a metric quantity rather than a quantity that was derived mathematically, indicating that this is not a "derivation" from Amdahl's law. The analysis above only demonstrates that the Karp-Flatt measure and Amdahl's Law are compatible.
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a lab worker wishes to dilute 5.00 x 102 ml of 18.0 m hcl to a concentration of 0.25 m. what volume of distilled water (l) must they add to the initial solution to achieve this lower concentration?
The volume of distilled water they must add to the initial solution to achieve this lower concentration is 35.5 l.
Dilution is defined as the process in which the concentration of a sample is decreased by adding more solvent. The dilution formula is given below.
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
where C₁ = initial concentration of sample = 18.0 m
V₁ = initial volume of sample = 5.00 x 10² ml
C₂ = final concentration after dilution = 0.25 m
V₂ = total final volume after dilution
Plug in the values to the formula and solve for the final volume.
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
(18.0 m)(5.00 x 10² ml) = (0.25 m)V₂
V₂ = 36000 ml
Subtract the initial volume from the final volume to determine the volume of water needed to add.
V of water = V₂ - V₁
V of water = 36000 ml - 5.00 x 10² ml
V of water = 35500ml = 35.5 l
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Would you expect the equivalence point ph of the wasb to be slightly acidic, neutral, or slightly basic? how does this compare to the sasb equivalence point ph?.
the WASB has a slightly acidic equivalence point and SASB has a slightly basic equivalence point. This is because WASB has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than SASB.
Hydronium ions play an important role in acid-base reactions. It is the hydrogen ion that is released or taken up in the acid-base reaction. The higher the concentration of hydronium ions, the more acidic the solution. In an acid-base reaction, an acid donates a hydrogen ion to a base. Bases accept hydrogen ions. This creates new water molecules. The equivalence point is the point at which an acid and a base react with 1:1 ratio. At this point the solution is neutral. If the acid has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than the base, the equivalence point is slightly acidic. This is due to the presence of more hydronium ions than at the start of the reaction. If the base has a higher concentration of hydronium ions than the acid, the equivalence point is slightly basic.
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How many atoms (avogadro’s number) are in 3.3 moles of potassium sulfide, K2S?
Taking into account the definition of Avogadro's Number, 1.98759×10²⁴ atoms are in 3.3 moles of potassium sulfide.
Avogadro's NumberAvogadro's number is currently defined as the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12 and its known approximate value is 6.023×10²³. Indicates the amount of substance (usually atoms or molecules) that contains one mole of any substance.
Amount of atoms in 3.3 moles of potassium sulfideYou can apply the following rule of three: if by definition of Avogadro's Number 1 mole of potassium sulfide contains 6.023×10²³ atoms, 3.3 moles of the compound contains how many atoms?
amount of atoms of potassium sulfide= (3.3 moles × 6.023×10²³ atoms)÷ 1 mole
amount of atoms of potassium sulfide= 1.98759×10²⁴
Finally, in 3.3 moles of K₂S are present 1.98759×10²⁴ atoms.
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What is the frequency of a wave whose wavelength is 5.67 x 10^-7
The frequency of a wave whose wavelength is 5.67 × 10-⁷m is 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz.
How to calculate frequency?Wavelength is the length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next.
The wavelength of a wave is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency as follows:
λ = v/f
Where;
λ = wavelengthv = velocity of wavef = frequency of the waveThe frequency is the quotient of the number of times, n, a periodic phenomenon occurs over the time (t) in which it occurs.
According to this question, a wave has a wavelength is 5.67 × 10-⁷m. The frequency can be calculated as follows:
5.67 × 10-⁷ = 3 × 10⁸/f
f = 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 5.67 × 10-⁷
f = 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz.
Therefore, 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz is the frequency of the wave
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which of the following statements is false when performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis? a. the ultrasonic scaler should be grasped like a pencil. b. the side of the instrument should be used against the tooth rather than the tip. c. the ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival scaling only. d. the ultrasonic scaler should not be on the tooth form longer than 10-15 seconds at a time.
The claim that an ultrasonic scaler can be utilized for both supragingival and subgingival scaling during routine dental prophylaxis is untrue.
What do you mean by dental prophylaxis?During a dental prophylaxis, the teeth are given a thorough cleaning. Prophylaxis is a crucial dental technique for halting the spread of gingivitis and periodontal disease.
Periodontal disease and gingivitis can be brought on by bacteria from plaque that colonize on gingival (gum) tissue above or below the gum line. The body's continuing inflammatory response is brought on by these bacterial colonies' extreme inflammatory reactions and irritation. As the body starts to gradually erode bone and gum tissue, the teeth might shift, become unstable, or even fall out totally. There are more bacteria in the deeper pockets that develop between the gums and teeth.
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what is the primary difference between the oxidation of glucose to co2 by glycolysis and the citic acid cycle vs by the pentose phosphate
The primary difference between the oxidation of glucose to CO₂ by glycolysis and the critic acid cycle vs by the pentose phosphate is the glycolysis occurs in cytosol. to CO₂ is release of CO₂ is in mitochondria and in the pentose phosphate CO₂ is generated in the cytosol.
When the glucose oxidation takes place by glycolysis and the citric acid cycle , the total catabolism will occur. The energy is released and this energy is trapped in ATP. in this glucose is catabolizes. in pentose phosphate CO₂ is generated in the cytosol.
Thus, The primary difference between the oxidation of glucose to CO₂ by glycolysis and the critic acid cycle vs by the pentose phosphate is the glycolysis occurs in cytosol. to CO₂ is release of CO₂ is in mitochondria and in the pentose phosphate CO₂ is generated in the cytosol.
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write two uses of echoes
Echo: When a sound wave is created in the air, some of it is reflected back to the listener while some of it is absorbed after hitting a reflector. Echo is the name for this reflected sound.
Utilizations for Echo:
1. Bats use the echolocation method to find their way because they are unable to see with their eyes. Bats can determine whether an object is in front of a sound by listening to how it is reflected. It uses this method when hunting its prey.
2. This method is also employed to determine undersea distance and ocean depth.
3. Estimating the separation between hills and mountains is also helpful.
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a sample of ethanol, c2h6o, has a mass of 72.75 g. calculate the number of ethanol molecules in the sample
The number of ethanol molecules in the sample are
The molecular mass of ethanol is 45.07 g/mol
Now to calculate the number of molecules of ethanol:
72.75 × (1 mol/46.07)
1.5 moles
Now multiply it with by Avogadro's number which is 6.02 X 10^23 molecules / mole.
1.5 × 6.02 X 10^23
9.03 X 10^23 molecules.
Hence the number of ethanol molecules in the sample 9.03 X 10^23 molecules.
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what is the oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in nabro3 ? express the oxidation state numerically (e.g., 1).
The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is + 5.
The given compound is as follows :
NaBrO₃ , the oxidation number of Na is +1. the oxidation state of O is - 2. the compound is neutral means all the oxidation number add is equal to zero.
NaBrO₃ => + 1 + Br + ( -2 ) × 3 = 0
Br + 1 - 6 = 0
Br - 5 = 0
Br = + 5
Thus, The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is +5
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Why does science need both applied and pure research?
Answer:
universal in nature while applied research is limited in nature.
Explanation:
How many moles in 3.22 g of aluminum chloride?
3.22 g containing aluminum chloride contains 0.0241486951 moles, making 1 mole of an element's atoms weigh the same as its atomic mass in grams.
Why would one use aluminum chloride?Rubber, lubricants, wood preservers, and paints are all made in large part using aluminum chloride. In both medications and pesticides, it is utilized. while melting aluminum, as a flux Antiperspirant is how you apply it.
For what purpose does deodorant contain aluminum chloride?Cosmetic and pharmaceutical goods frequently contain aluminum compounds. The components that stop sweating in antiperspirants are aluminum salts. To prevent sweat from collecting on your pores' surface, the salts must dissolve.
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2. What substances make up water?
chemicals that accumulate in soil and water as a result of car emissions, improperly disposed waste, industry, and agriculture are known as
The chemicals that accumulate in soil and water as a result of car emissions, improperly disposed waste, industry, and agriculture are known as persistent organic pollutant.
What is persistent organic pollutant ?Organic molecules that are resistant to environmental deterioration through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes are persistent organic pollutants, sometimes referred to as "forever chemicals."
They are dangerous compounds that have a negative impact on the environment and human health all over the world.
POPs are compounds that are persistent in the environment, bioaccumulate in the food chain, and have the potential to have negative impacts on both human health and the ecosystem.
Thus, persistent organic pollutants are hazardous compounds that have a negative impact on the environment and human health all over the world.
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f 150 mL of a 2.5M KBr solution is diluted to 500 mL, what is the new concentration of KBr?
Taking into account the definition of dilution, if 150 mL of a 2.5M KBr solution is diluted to 500 mL, the new concentration of KBr is 0.75 M.
DilutionA stock solution is a highly concentrated solution. Stock solutions are very useful because they allow a portion to be diluted to obtain the desired concentration.
Then, dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.
A dilution is mathematically expressed as:
Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf
where
Ci: initial concentrationVi: initial volumeCf: final concentrationVf: final volumeNew concentration of KBrIn this case, you know:
Ci= 2.50 MVi= 150 mLCf= ?Vf= 500 mLReplacing in the definition of dilution:
2.50 M× 150 mL= Cf× 500 mL
Solving:
(2.50 M× 150 mL)÷ 500 mL= Cf
0.75 M= Cf
In summary, the new concentration of KBr is 0.75 M.
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Write the formulas of the following binary ionic compounds:
1) potassium arsenide
2) aluminum oxide
3) zinc iodide
4) scandium selenide
5) beryllium chloride
6) strontium phosphide
7) silver oxide
8) lithium sulfide
why are group VIA elements called halogens??
Answer:
Group VII are called halogens because react with metals to form salts
how could you identify a pure metal if you have a balance, a graduated cylinder, and a table of densities for metals
You can find the mass and volume of the pure metal then compare the density with the table of densities to determine which metal.
Density is a term used to describe how tightly a substance is packed. It fits that criteria of mass per unit volume. Formula for Density or Density Symbol: D The formula is: = m/V where is the object's mass, m is its density, and V is its volume. The term "mass" is used to describe how much matter there is in a thing. Mass is often represented in kilogrammes (kg) or grammes (g) (kg). The most common units of mass measurement are kilogrammes (kg) and grammes (g). No matter where in the cosmos it is or how much gravitational force is exerted on it, mass is a measure of how much matter there is.
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