The remedy is ribosomes. Proteins and the ribosomal RNA found in ribosomes, which are microscopic organelles (rRNA).
All cells that are alive today synthesize proteins thanks to them. The large and small subunits of ribosomes, which are present in the cytoplasm of cells, are the two primary subunits of ribosomes. Proteins are built by the two subunits, which fit together like pieces of a puzzle. Messenger RNA (mRNA), which contains instructions, is read by ribosomes, which subsequently join the amino acids that make up proteins. Considering that all biological activities require proteins, they are vital to life. The cellular building blocks of proteins are called ribosomes. They consist of two separate parts that come together to form a protein assembly line.
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agricultural practices put in place to conserve resources for future generationsA. DomesticationB. SustainabilityC. HerbicideD. Pesticide
Sustainability agriculture aims to boost output while minimising negative environmental effects and preserving natural resources for future generations.
Utilizing renewable resources, such as water, soil, and energy, as well as adopting techniques like agroecology, integrated pest management, cover crops, and no-till farming, are all part of this process.
The preservation of biodiversity, the use of organic fertilisers, and non-toxic pest management techniques are all components of sustainable agriculture.
Environmental protection and guaranteeing future generations' access to food depend on sustainable agriculture. It contributes to soil conservation, water pollution reduction, and a decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
Additionally, it aids in agricultural output growth, input cost reduction, and a decrease in the use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers. It is critical to provide a favourable policy environment and encourage the adoption of such techniques among farmers in order to successfully implement sustainable agriculture methods.
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What is process by which 2 species evolve in response to changes in each other?
Coevolution, the process of mutual evolutionary change that occurs when pairs of species or groups of species evolve in response to changes in each other.
What is the concept of coevolution?Coevolution is most broadly interpreted as two groups of organisms interacting and influencing the evolution of other organisms. Groupings can be created at various levels of biological organization and co-evolution of the groups under study (eg, intra- or inter-species, intra- or inter-generic, intra- or inter-guild).
What are the three types of coevolution?Several different categories of coevolution are often debated by scientists in ecology and evolutionary biology: Pairwise coevolution, diffusion coevolution, and gene-by-gene coevolution.
What Causes Coevolution?Interactions co-evolve as an ever-changing geographic mosaic; Much of evolution is coevolution, the coevolution of parasites and hosts, predators and prey, competitors and mutualists. Interacting species impose choices on each other, constantly changing the traits and life histories of other species
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You are studying cellular respiration in biology. Your lab partner finds this model of aerobic respiration, but is confused as to what is
happening. She asks you for your help. Examine the model. What statements would help clarify the process of aerobic cellular
respiration? Choose ALL that apply.
A) Aerobic respiration requires glucose and oxygen.
B) Aerobic respiration produces ATP from glucose and water.
C) Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water as a byproduct.
D) Aerobic respiration is the process that provides usable energy in the form of ATP.
E) Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of the cells of eukaryotes, including plants and animals.
A) Aerobic respiration requires glucose and oxygen. Oxygen is used in the breakdown of glucose, producing energy in the form of ATP.
What is Aerobic?Aerobic exercise is a type of physical activity that requires the use of large muscle groups and increases the heart rate to a target level. It is also known as cardiovascular exercise because it strengthens the heart and lungs, improving their function.
B) Aerobic respiration produces ATP from glucose and water. During aerobic respiration, glucose and oxygen are broken down to form ATP, water, and carbon dioxide.
C) Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water as a byproduct. Carbon dioxide and water are produced as a result of the breakdown of glucose and oxygen.
D) Aerobic respiration is the process that provides usable energy in the form of ATP. During aerobic respiration, glucose and oxygen are broken down to form ATP, which is a form of usable energy.
E) Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of the cells of eukaryotes, including plants and animals. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria, which are found in the cells of eukaryotes.
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herbivory on brassica plants can induce the production of defensive chemicals such as glucosinolates. for example, one of the effects of these chemicals is to inhibit the growth of plant-eating caterpillars. What are other ways to be able to provide defense for plants so that they are not eaten by pests?
Plants have evolved various mechanisms to defend themselves against herbivores and other pests. Here are some examples:
Physical defenses: Plants can have physical structures that make it difficult for herbivores to eat them, such as spines, thorns, and tough or hairy leaves. Some plants also have tough bark that protects them from damage by larger animals.Chemical defenses: Plants can produce a variety of chemicals that are toxic or unpleasant to herbivores. Some plants produce alkaloids, terpenoids, or phenolic compounds that are toxic to herbivores, while others produce compounds that make them taste bad or smell unpleasant.Induced defenses: Plants can produce defensive chemicals in response to herbivory or other stressors, such as damage from pathogens or extreme temperatures. For example, jasmonic acid is a signaling molecule that triggers the production of defensive compounds in many plant species.Mimicry: Some plants mimic the appearance or chemical profile of other organisms to deter herbivores. For example, some orchids produce flowers that resemble female wasps, which discourage male wasps from landing on the flowers and potentially damaging them.Mutualistic relationships: Some plants have evolved mutualistic relationships with other organisms, such as ants or parasitic wasps, that help to defend them against herbivores. In exchange, the plant provides food or shelter for the other organism.These are just a few examples of the many ways that plants can defend themselves against herbivores and other pests. Plant defense strategies can be highly diverse and complex, and often involve multiple mechanisms working together to provide protection.
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active interference by humans in the life cycles of plants or animals so that subsequen generations are of greater value to humans is one defintion of
Active interference by humans in the lifecycles of plants or animals so that subsequent generations are of greater value to humans is one definition of selective breeding.
Selective breeding is a process that is used by humans to selectively breed plants and animals in order to produce offspring with desired characteristics. This process usually involves selectively mating animals or plants that have certain desirable traits in order to produce offspring with those traits.
Selective breeding has been used for centuries to create breeds of plants and animals that are better suited to human needs, such as faster-growing crops, meatier livestock, and animals with more desirable traits. Selective breeding can also be used to create pest-resistant crops, disease-resistant livestock, and animals with desirable coat colors and other characteristics.
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which structure of the eye is the most sensitive but contains no blood vessels? retina | pupil | cornea | transparant capsule
cornea is the structure of the eye is the most sensitive but contains no blood vessels.
The main role of cornea includes to refract, or we say to bend light and also cornea helps in provides approximately 65 to 75 percent of the focusing power of the eye
The composition of cornea includes protein and cells and it is the clear outer layer at the front of the eye and covers pupil, iris and other parts.
as cornea is thin, various allergies, scratching or we say deeper scratches or injuries can cause corneal scarring and vision problems
cornea has 5 layers like,
The corneal epithelium, Bowman's layer, The corneal stroma, Descemet's membrane, The corneal endothelium
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What is the first stage of meiosis during which a cell is considered haploid?
Answer:
(Prophase II) is the first stage of meiosis during which a cell is considered haploid. A haploid cell will comprise a single copy of each chromosome, whereas diploid cells comprise more than one copy, which is referred to as the homologous pair.
Explanation:
Answer:
prophase I
Explanation:
The first stage of meiosis during which a cell is considered haploid is called prophase I. During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material in a process called synapsis. The result of this exchange is that each chromosome now consists of a mixture of genetic information from both the maternal and paternal chromosomes, making the cell haploid.
ALLEN
which molecule did carl woese study to produce his tree of life?
Carl Woese developed his tree of life by studying ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules.
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota were the three different domains that this tree was the first to separate all known lifeforms into. This tree of life was groundbreaking because it revealed the limitations of the conventional two-kingdom categorization system, which divided all living creatures into either plants or animals.
The basis for this new categorization scheme was Woese's work with rRNA molecules. All living cells contain rRNA molecules, which may be used to assess how different and similar different species are.
This approach was used by Woese to identify the relationships between species and their positions in the evolutionary tree.
By analysing the sequence of bases in rRNA molecules from various species, he was able to estimate the degree of relatedness between them and so classify them into three separate domains.
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What causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement?
An issue with the nerves that transmit messages from your brain to your muscles and cause them to contract consistently is what causes loss of muscle function. Skeletal muscles that you can fully control are referred to as voluntary muscles.
Muscular function loss may be partial or total. Partial loss of muscle function, which only affects a region of your body, is the main symptom of a stroke.
Complete muscle paralysis affects your entire body. It frequently affects those who have suffered severe spinal cord injuries.
A loss of muscle function that affects both the top and bottom sides of your body is referred to medically as quadriplegia. When a condition just affects the bottom half of your body, it is referred to as paraplegia. Loss of muscle function is caused by a problem with the nerves that carry signals from your brain to your muscles and cause them to contract regularly. While you're healthy, you have control over your voluntary muscles' ability to move. Voluntary muscles are skeletal muscles that are entirely under your control.
Examples of involuntary muscles that are not under your conscious control include your heart and the smooth muscles in your intestines. Nonetheless, they have a chance of failing as well. Loss of function of involuntary muscles can be fatal.
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the only arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are the coronary arteries.T/F
False. The arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are not the coronary arteries. The arteries that carry oxygen-poor blood are called as the pulmonary arteries.
Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body. The exception to this is the pulmonary arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. The coronary arteries are a network of arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood. The heart muscle requires a constant supply of oxygen to function properly, and the coronary arteries are responsible for delivering this oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. Therefore, the statement "the only arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are the coronary arteries" is false.
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procedures performed on the female genital system are only laparoscopic procedures.true/false
It is false that procedures performed on the female genital system are only laparoscopic procedures.
Procedures performed on the female genital system are not limited to laparoscopic procedures. While laparoscopy is a common minimally invasive technique used for certain gynecological procedures such as hysterectomy, ovarian cyst removal, and endometriosis treatment, there are many other types of procedures that may be performed on the female genital system.
that may be performed on the female genital system, such as vaginal hysterectomy, abdominal hysterectomy, and oophorectomy, which are not necessarily laparoscopic. The choice of procedure depends on the specific condition being treated, the patient's medical history, and other factors.
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How does the immune system respond to food allergies?
Mostly food allergies affect the immune system. Even small amounts of the offending food can cause a variety of symptoms, some of which may be severe or even life-threatening.
A person who is sensitive to a substance, such as dust, mould, or pollen, may overreact by producing antibodies that "attack" the allergen when they come into touch with that substance. The can cause symptoms such as wheezing, itching, runny nose, watery or itchy eyes, and therefore, we cannot eat food which is not suitable for our health.
Contrarily, a food intolerance often only affects the digestive system and has milder reaction.Moreover, as we know that health is wealth so we must always stay alert with what we are eating.
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Please help me in your own words don’t copy off the internet
1) Anthropogenic activities have caused the amount of carbon in the atmosphere to increase considerably in the past century.
2) By reducing the use of the fossil fuels using alternative energy sources. The human impact on the carbon cycle can be curbed.
How does human beings affect the carbon cycle?Human activities have a significant impact on the carbon cycle, which is the flow of carbon through the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land. The carbon cycle plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate, as it helps to balance the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Human activities have caused a significant increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, leading to changes in the carbon cycle
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which area of the brain is most likely damaged if a patient experiences trouble speaking and planning ahead?
A lesion on the frontal lobes may impair a person's capacity to regulate emotions, impulses, and actions. It may also make it difficult for them to remember events or speak clearly in brains.
What area of the brain controls speech and planning?The brain stem regulates the body's survival-dependent automatic processes, including breathing and heart rate : anterior lobes. The frontal lobes, the largest of the four lobes, have a variety of roles in the body.
These include linguistic, cognitive, behavioral, and motor skills like voluntary movement. According to recent studies, the frontal brain region known as Broca's area, which is depicted above in color, prepares the speaking process by interacting with the temporal cortex, which processes sensory data, and the motor cortex, which regulates movement.
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Correct Question:
What area of the brain is most likely damaged if a patient experiences trouble speaking and planning ahead?
Help, need this for a biology class
Answer:
see...
one of my favourite organism is parrot (bird)...
therefore, name of the organism will be parrot...
parrot gets it's food by hunting with claws and beaks and also consumes leaves from plants, small insects...
it basically likes to eat bengal gram...
it lives in tropical and sub tropical climate...
it lays eggs...
its one of the main defence organ is its beak...
pic is in the above...
hope it helps
select the statement that correctly describes the roles of histone and nonhistone proteins found in chromatin?
DNA is wound around histone proteins in order to regulate gene expression. Each nucleosome is made up of eight histone proteins called histone octamers that are shaped like spools and wrap around DNA.
Chromatin each cell's nucleus is crammed full of tightly packed DNA. As seen in the video, DNA binds to histone proteins to form nucleosomes, which are little loops of DNA.
DNA forms nucleosomes, often known as the "beads on a string configuration," by wrapping around histone proteins (euchromatin). A 30-nanometer fiber made of nucleosome arrays in their smallest configuration is wrapped in multiple histones (heterochromatin).
One of the primary causes of histone protein methylation, demethylation, and acylation, which start the transcriptional process, is epigenetic changes. All of the aforementioned modifications result in a shift in the proportion of lysine to arginine residues, which is the primary factor affecting chromatin structure as needed.
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The Complete question is
select the statement that correctly describes the roles of histone and nonhistone proteins found in chromatin?
A. combination of amino acid modifications in the histone tails.
B. coding sequences in the messenger RNAs for histone proteins.
C. combination of histone proteins found within the nucleosome.
D. proportion of arginine and lysine amino acids in the histone proteins.
plants and animals go through the process of _______________________ to use stored energy.
plants and animals go through the process of Cellular Respiration to use stored energy.
They employ photosynthesis to convert water, sunshine, and CO2 into oxygen and simple sugars that the plant may use as fuel. Animals must seek or gather food to obtain the energy they require, but plants may produce their own food utilizing light energy from the sun.
This process is known as photosynthesis, and it occurs in chloroplasts, which are microscopic green structures found in the green sections of plants. Plants are autotrophs; they obtain energy from sunlight through the process of photosynthesis, which is carried out by cell organelles known as chloroplasts. Animal cells lack chloroplasts.
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true/false valvular stenosis is when the valve leaflets, or cusps, fail to shut completely, permitting blood flow to continue even when the valve is presumably closed. during systole or diastole, some blood leaks back into the chamber proximal to the diseased valve, which increases the volume of blood the heart must pump and increases the workload of both the atrium and the ventricle.
False. Valvular stenosis is actually a condition where the valve opening is narrowed, making it difficult for blood to pass through.
The valve leaflets become thickened or fused, resulting in decreased blood flow through the valve. This causes increased workload on the chamber that lies behind the affected valve. During systole, the heart must work harder to pump blood through the narrowed valve, and during diastole, the blood flow is restricted as the valve fails to open completely. As a result, less blood is able to flow through the narrowed valve, leading to reduced blood flow to the body's organs and tissues, and potentially causing symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. In valvular stenosis, blood does not leak back into the chamber proximal to the diseased valve.
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Suppose that a large group of young rabbits is born from this cross. Use the Punnett square as a model to describe the probable genetic variation of the offspring.
Punnett squares are easy ways of getting the expected genotypes and phenotypes among the progeny. The probable genetic variation of the offspring is 50% heterozygous, Hh, and 50% homozygous recessive, hh
What is a Punnett square?The Punnett square is a graphic representation that shows the different types of gamete combinations according to the alleles involved in a cross.
Punnett square shows the probabilities of getting offspring with different genotypes and their consequent phenotypes.
As we can see in the exposed example, the cross was done between an heterozygous individual expressing a dominant trait and a homozygous recessive individual.
From this cross, we expect the progeny to be
1/2 = 50% heterozygous Hh expressing the dominant phentoype. 1/2 = 50% homozygous recessive hh expressing the recessive phenotype.The probable genetic variation of the offspring is 50% heterozygous, Hh, and 50% homozygous recessive, hh.
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May someone please help me on this I’ll reward you
Genetic drift and the bottleneck effect are the factors that can cause the population to reduce
What can reduce genetic diversity?Genetic drift and the population bottleneck effect can reduce genetic diversity in a population, making it more vulnerable to environmental changes and genetic diseases.
When a small number of individuals survive a bottleneck event, they may carry only a subset of the original genetic variation present in the original population, which can limit their ability to adapt to changing conditions. Over time, the loss of genetic diversity through genetic drift can increase the risk of inbreeding, decrease the fitness of the population, and reduce its overall resilience to environmental stressors.
Therefore, genetic drift in combination with the population bottleneck effect can hurt the long term chances of survival for all of these species, even if a small number of individuals currently survive.
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With respect to ABO and Rh blood groups, there are __________ different blood types.
With respect to ABO and Rh blood groups, there are 8 different blood types. the eight blood types are: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, and O-.
The ABO blood group system is based on the presence or absence of two antigens (A and B) on the surface of red blood cells, as well as the presence or absence of antibodies against these antigens in the plasma. There are four main blood types in the ABO system: type A, type B, type AB, and type O.
The Rh blood group system is based on the presence or absence of another antigen (Rh factor) on the surface of red blood cells. Individuals who have the Rh antigen are considered Rh positive (Rh+), while those who do not are considered Rh negative (Rh-).
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Instructions are paper :)
The terms which have to do with Order of Insects are matched with the definitions are given as follows;
Neuroptera: found near water with reduced, chewing mouthparts, aquatic larvaeIsoptera: chews on wood, can damage a homeHemiptera: known as bugs, sucking mouthpartsSiphonaptera: found sucking on mammals, incomplete metamorphosisHymenoptera: fly to vegetation where they eat using chewing mouthparts, harmful to plantsOrthoptera: chewing insects found near water or on vegetationMallophaga: does not fly, often found on pets, complete metamorphosisLepidoptera: beautiful, flying insects with complete metamorphosisTrichoptera: fly near the water, aquatic nymphsColeoptera: found flying everywhereDiptera: sucking insects that fly around vegetation, sometimes found biting peopleThysanoptera: metamorphosis between complete and incomplete, rasping-sucking mouthpartsOdonata: found flying near water, chewing mouthparts, aquatic nymphsAnoplura: does not fly, found chewing on mammals, incomplete metamorphosisThese terms are all orders of insects. Each term represents a unique group of insects with specific characteristics and features.
The orders are defined based on shared characteristics, such as the structure of their mouthparts, wings, and other morphological features. Some orders may contain insect species that share similar habitats or behaviors, but there is no specific relationship between the orders themselves.
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Researchers control factors that might influence a dependent variable by means of:a.random assignmentb.replicationc.naturalistic observationd.operational definitions42.
The correct option is A. By using random assignment, researchers are able to control variables (such age and attitudes) that may have an impact on a dependent variable.
There are often two different sorts of variables in analytical health research. We anticipate that independent variables will have an impact on dependent variables. What occurs as a result of the independent variable is referred to as a dependent variable. The cause is the independent variable. Its value is unaffected by the other study variables. Effect is the dependent variable. Changes in the independent variable affect its value. For instance, vehicle exhaust would be the independent variable and asthma would be the dependent variable if we wanted to investigate if high quantities of vehicle exhaust have an impact on the occurrence of asthma in children.
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which endocrine gland produces adrenaline and cortisol?
The adrenal gland is an endocrine organ that produces cortisol and adrenaline.
The adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla are the two separate components that make up the adrenal gland. While the adrenal medulla generates hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, the adrenal cortex is in charge of creating hormones like cortisol and aldosterone.
Both the hormones cortisol and adrenaline are secreted in reaction to stress and have a variety of physiological consequences, including raising blood pressure, heart rate, and energy levels.
They aid in maintaining homeostasis by controlling how the body reacts to various forms of stress.
Additionally, cortisol is crucial for the body's metabolism and aids in immune system regulation.
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1In a small African village, 6% of babies are born with sickle-cell anemia, which is due to a
recessive allele.
a) What is the frequency of the recessive allele?
b) What is the frequency of the dominant allele?
c) What percent of this population is homozygous dominant?
d) What percent of this population is heterozygous?
e) If the village has a population size of 7,640 people, how many of them would have the
genotype AA?
This refers to red blood cells look like sickles used to cut wheat. These unusually shaped cells give the disease its name. Sickle cell anemia is one of a group of inherited disorders known as sickle cell disease. It affects the shape of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of the body.
Management of sickle cell anemia is usually aimed at avoiding pain episodes, relieving symptoms and preventing complications. Treatments might include medications and blood transfusions. For some children and teenagers, a stem cell transplant might cure the disease.
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how do i calculate the energy transferred here
The total amount of energy transferred during photosynthesis is found to be 290,000 kcal/[tex]m^2/year.[/tex] Thus, the corrrect option for this question is D.
What is the net primary productivity (NPP)?The net primary productivity (NPP) may be defined as the amount of energy that is available to primary consumers. This energy is available for consumers and increases biomass. It is the amount of matter accumulated by plants per unit area in a given time.
According to the question,
The net primary production of a pine forest = 175,000 kcal/[tex]m^2/year.[/tex]
The amount of plant respiration = 115,000 kcal/[tex]m^2/year.[/tex]
Therefore, the total or gross primary production (GPP) of the pine forest is calculated through the following formula:
GPP = NPP + Respiration loss.= 175,000 + 115,000 = 290,000 kcal/[tex]m^2/year.[/tex]
Therefore, the total amount of energy transferred during photosynthesis is found to be 290,000 kcal/[tex]m^2/year.[/tex] Thus, the corrrect option for this question is D.
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At least 2-3 sentences explaining how the outrageous offspring is a model proving sexual reproduction causes genetic variation in offspring
What layer of the epidermis contains pre-keratin?
The layer of the epidermis that contains pre-keratin is the stratum spinosum, which is located above the basal cell layer and below the stratum granulosum.
The cells in the stratum spinosum are called spiny cells, because they appear to have little spines on their surface when viewed under a microscope. These spines are actually desmosomes, which are specialized cell junctions that help to hold the cells together.
The spiny cells in the stratum spinosum contain pre-keratin filaments, which are intermediate filaments that provide structural support to the cell. These pre-keratin filaments will eventually develop into fully mature keratin fibers as the cells move up into the next layer of the epidermis, the stratum granulosum.
The process of keratinization, or the conversion of pre-keratin into keratin, is a key step in the formation of the tough, waterproof barrier that protects the body from the external environment.
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how many large peaks (ie not including stutter bands) do you expect to see if your sample is 1) homozygote 2) heterozygote at a locus?
The right answer is B; homozygotes must have two peaks, while homozygotes must have one peak.
Homozygote and heterozygote: what are they?Allele pairings are categorised using the terms homozygous and heterozygous. People who are homozygous have 2 copies of the identical genotype (RR or rr). In contrast, heterozygous speaks to a creature containing a variety of alleles (Rr).
What are genotype and homozygous?Pay attention to how it sounds. (HOH-moh-ZY-gus JEE-noh-tipe) a phrase that refers to having two copies of the same gene that are exactly the same (one inherited from the mother and one inherited from the father). When two genes are homozygous for a certain mutation, either one or both are normally functioning (change).
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The Complete Question :
How many large peaks (ie not including stutter bands) do you expect to see if your sample is a 1) homozygote or 2) heterozygote at a locus?
OA. Both should have a single peak
OB. Homozygotes should have one peak, while heterozygotes should have two
OC. Homozygotes should have two peaks, while heterozygotes should have one
OD. Both should have two peaks
OE. Both could have one or two peaks, and it is impossible to know for a given sample
Muscles are not likely to tear from their bones because? Select one: a. the tendons are partially ossified at their attachment points to the periosteum. b. a circumferential lamella sandwiches the ends of the tendon onto the surface of an adjacent lamella. c. perforating fibers of collagen attach the tendons and periosteum to the cortical surfaces of bone. d. elastin fibers in the tendon can allow for stretching and recoil of the muscle.
Because collagen perforating fibers connect the tendons and periosteum to the cortical surfaces of bone, it is unlikely that muscles will separate from their bones. C is the correct option .
Sharpey's fibres, which extend to the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae of bone, are strong collagenous fibers that bind the periosteum to the bone. An outside "fibrous layer" and an inner "cambium layer" make up the periosteum.
The cambium layer contains progenitor cells that eventually become osteoblasts, which widen the bone, whereas the fibrous layer contains fibroblasts. The progenitor cells that form osteoblasts and chondroblasts after a bone fracture are crucial to the healing process. It has nociceptive nerve endings, which makes it more sensitive to manipulation than bone itself does.
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