Requiring drug treatment and probation as alternatives to prison for first-time, low-risk, nonviolent offenders and allowing judges more leeway when deciding on treatment programs, parole, and probation for non-violent offenders.
What three things did reformers do to alter prisons?Recent suggestions for jail reform include expanding access to family and legal advice, allowing couples to visit, preventing violence before it happens, and using assistive technology for house arrest.
How has Texas worked to lower incarceration rates?To decrease the prison population, these include expanding the use of parole, executive clemency, and compassionate release. The overhyped 2007 reforms did not have the same impact on the growth of the prison population as the acts of the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles (TBPP).
Has the criminal justice system undergone any recent changes?Over thousands of years, the criminal justice system and the law have changed. Criminal law has changed a lot over the past 2,000 years, from Pontius Pilate's refusal to crucify Jesus Christ to the famous Watergate trial of President Richard Nixon.
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what is the term that is used when an official is formally accused of misconduct in office?
IMPEACHMENT Procedure to remove from office a public official accused of misconduct.
What exactly does impeachment mean?
The term "impeachment" is thought to derive from the Old French empeechier, which derives from the Latin word impedre and expresses the idea of catching or ensnaring by the "foot" (pes, pedis), and has modern French verb empêcher (to prevent) and modern English impede analogues.
It is the first step in a corrective process that may include removal from public office and future disqualification. The goal of impeachment is not to punish individuals, but to preserve constitutional government Deschler
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irene completes her research on the factors responsible for increasing crime rates in her state. in order to employ ethical practices in publishing her research report, irene must ensure that
Irene completes her research on the factors responsible for increasing crime rates in her state. in order to employ ethical practices in publishing her research report, irene must ensure that intellectual property rights are protected.
Examples of ethical behaviors inside the administrative center include; obeying the agency's guidelines, effective conversation, taking duty, responsibility, and professionalism, agree with and mutually admire on your colleagues at work. these examples of ethical behaviors ensure the most productive output at paintings.
Ethical behavior is characterized by honesty, fairness, and fairness in interpersonal, professional, and educational relationships and in studies and scholarly sports. Moral behavior respects the glory, variety, and rights of people and corporations of human beings.
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in which of the following might political action committees (pacs) invest their contributions in order to maximize their political influence?
Campaigns of incumbents are following might political action committees (PACS) invests their contributions in order to maximize their political influence.
The word "invests" has several legal implications. Generally speaking, in commercial contracts, it is to invest money in a way that would produce income, such as doing so in a business, piece of real estate, stock, or other financial asset with the intention of making a profit. To invest is very different from giving or borrowing money since gifts are given with the intention of helping the receiver out without expecting anything in return, such as income or profit. A loan is a sum of money that must be repaid, typically with interest.
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in 2018, the u.s. supreme court held in minnesota voters alliance v. mansky that the interior of a polling place on election day constitutes a:
In 2018, the U.S supreme court held in minnesota voters alliance v. mansky that the interior of a polling place on election day constitutes a: "political" speech.
U.S. supreme court that 9 changed into the magic number of justices to take a seat on its maximum-powerful judicial bench basically, the U.S. charter grants Congress the energy to determine what number of justices take a seat on SCOTUS.
This wide variety has ranged among 5 and 10, however on account that 1869 the number has been set at nine.the excellent courtroom of the united states. It gives Congress the strength to organize the superb court docket and to set up lower courts.
It also states that supreme court can serve at the court docket for as long as they keep "true Behaviour," and that the justices must be compensated for his or her service. contributors of the perfect court are appointed through the President concern to the approval of the Senate.
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a is a rule of conduct established and enforced by an authority or governing body, such as the federal government.
A law is a rule of conduct established and enforced by an authority or governing body, such as the federal government.
The Occupational Safety and fitness Act hooked up two foremost entities: The Occupational Safety and fitness management (OSHA), a department of the U. S. department of hard work, which units and enforces place of work fitness and safety requirements.
Misconduct is wrongful, wrong, or illegal behavior stimulated with the aid of premeditated or intentional cause or with the aid of obstinate indifference to the consequences of one's acts. it's far an act that is forbidden or a failure to do that's required. Misconduct may also contain harm to every other character's health or well-being.
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_____ are formalized sets of guidelines, which deal with the standards of conduct and morals in a particular society, developed by some companies for use at all levels of an organization.
Ethical Codes are formalized sets of guidelines, which deal with the standards of conduct and morals in a particular society, developed by some companies for use at all levels of an organization.
Organizations develop ethical standards to help members learn the distinction between good and evil and apply that knowledge to their actions. Documents at three different levels, including codes of corporate ethics, codes of conduct for workers, and standards of professional practise, are typically implied by the term "ethical code." A code of ethics is a collection of guiding principles designed to teach professionals how to operate in a way that is truthful and advantageous to all parties concerned. It offers a set of norms or guidelines that everyone in the field must follow. It outlines the industry's ideal procedures. It offers a foundation for meeting the profession's compliance standards. It offers a legal benchmark for the occupation.
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Which is one of the main objectives of a political party?
The primary goal of a political party is for its constituents to work together to acquire and exercise political power.
A political party is a collection of people who are affiliated with one another and who share a common interest in running for office. A political party's principal objective is to try to take control of the government by electing members of its own party.A political party is an organized collection of people who share the same ideologies or other political viewpoints and who run candidates for office in an effort to win an election and advance their political agenda. A political party is a collection of people who have a same philosophy and unite to run for office and control the government.Thus this is the main objectives of a political party.
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video products company operates a dvd manufacturing plant on wandering river. discharging pollutants from the plant into the river can result in civil penalties and criminal penalties. civil penalties only. criminal penalties only. no penalties.
First option is correct. Discharging pollutants from the plant into the river can result in both civil penalties and criminal penalties.
A civil penalty, sometimes known as a civil fine, is a monetary payment imposed by a government organisation as compensation for misconduct. Usually, the misbehaviour is specified by a codification of laws, rules, and orders. Since the civil fine is intended largely to make up for the harm done to the state rather than to punish the wrongdoing, it is not seen as a criminal penalty. As a result, a civil penalty by itself carries no risk of jail time or even other legal repercussions. For instance, if someone were to dump hazardous materials in a state park, the state would've the same right as a private landowner to seek compensation for the expense of clearing up the mess and, if necessary, to file a lawsuit.
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which pairing below correctly matches both a constitutional protection of voting rights and a past or current structural barrier to voting?
The pairing below correctly matches both constitutional protection of voting rights and a past or current structural barrier to voting would be the right of citizens who are 18 years or older to vote cannot be denied and Poll taxes.
The "Jim Crow" laws, which sought to deny black voters the right to vote and impose segregation, were developed in the South after Reconstruction, and the poll tax was a prime example of these laws. It is prohibited for the federal government or any state to restrict or deny an American citizen's ability to vote because of their age. This includes those who are eighteen years of age or older.
No state may enact or carry out any legislation that restricts the rights or privileges of US citizens; no state may rob anyone of their life, liberty, or property without first obtaining a court order; no state shall deny anyone living under its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.
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With respect to reliance by a practitioner on the advice of a third party:
It is per se unreasonable.
It is unreasonable only if the practitioner knows the third party has a conflict of interest.
It is unreasonable if the practitioner knows or has reason to know the third person is incompetent or lacks the necessary qualifications to provide the advice.
It is unreasonable only if the practitioner has a question about whether the advice of the third party should be relied on.
With respect to reliance by a practitioner on the advice of a third party: It is unreasonable only if the practitioner knows the third party has a conflict of interest. Option 2
When is a thrid party said to be unreasonable by a practitioner?Unreasonable positions are those that have a reasonable foundation and are disclosed but lack significant power as defined by IRC 6662. If you prepared or signed the tax return, or if you advised the client about the position, you must disclose to the client any penalties that are reasonably likely to apply to them in relation to the tax return position and how to avoid the penalties through disclosure in accordance with Circular 230.
A position on a tax return or refund claim that you know or should know comprises a position for which there is no reasonable basis cannot be signed, nor may you counsel a client to adopt such position.
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If a creditor obtains a judgment against a debtor and the debtor cannot or will not pay the judgment, the dispute is at an end. True/False
True - If a creditor obtains a judgment against a debtor and the debtor cannot or will not pay the judgment, the dispute is at an end.
A debtor or debitor is a felony entity (felony individual) that owes a debt to any other entity. The entity may be an person, a firm, a government, a company or other felony character. The counterparty is called a creditor. when the counterpart of this debt arrangement is a bank, the debtor is more often referred to as a borrower. If X borrowed money from their bank, X is the debtor and the bank is the creditor. If X places money in the bank, X is the creditor and the bank is the debtor. It isn't always a crime to fail to pay a debt. besides in certain financial disaster situations, borrowers can pick out to pay money owed in any priority they pick. however if one fails to pay a debt, they have got damaged a contract or agreement between them and a creditor. normally, most oral and written agreements for the repayment of patron debt - money owed for private, family or family functions secured typically by using a person's residence - are enforceable.
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for a prosecutor to pursue a felony charge, the victim must decide to press charges. is the previous statement true or false?criminology
No, the above statement is false. The above statement is related to criminology and it is false that for a prosecutor to pursue a felony charge, the victim must decide to press charges.
Criminology is the study of crime and criminal behavior, and it is founded on sociological, and other non-legal, concepts in addition to those of psychology, economics, statistics, and anthropology. Criminologists examine a number of linked topics, including Criminals often exhibit certain characteristics.
Historically, a misdemeanor has been seen as a less serious crime than a felony, which is thought to be a highly serious crime. The most common felony charges include drug crimes, violent crimes, theft, and sex crimes.
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____ is a sentencing principle that holds that an offender's criminal history should be taken into account in sentencing decisions.
Social Debt is a sentencing principle that holds that an offender's criminal history should be taken into account in sentencing decisions.
Sentencing principles serve as the foundation for sentencing decisions. These principles have evolved as a result of legislation and common law. They are as follows:
parsimony – The sentence must not be imposed in excess of what is required to fulfill the sentencing objectives.
proportionality – The total punishment must be commensurate with the seriousness of the offense.
parity – For similar offenses committed by offenders under similar conditions, similar sentences ought to be handed down.
totality – If an offender is given multiple sentences, the total sentence must be fair and appropriate given the overall nature of the offending behavior.
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assume the federal reserve triples the growth rate of the quantity of money in circulation. in the long run, this increase in money growth will affect which of the following? check all that apply.
The following would be impacted over time if the Federal Reserve tripled the growth rate of the amount of money in circulation
the amount of tangible capital
the degree of technical expertise
There would be more money available to invest in technology knowledge if the Federal Reserve decided to treble the amount of money in the economy. Over time, this would result in an increase in the degree of technological knowledge.
Additionally, there would be more accessible capital since there would be more money available in the short term to invest in it so that it increases in value over time.
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all of the following are components of the federal reserve system except the: group of answer choices
All of the following are components of the federal reserve system except the: B.Federal Open Market Committee.
“Federal” way that there's each a national government and governments of the 50 states. A “republic” is a form of government in which humans keep energy, but choose representatives to exercise that power.
Federal refers back to the countrywide government. The vote-casting age is decided through the federal authorities even as the using age is determined by a state through the country foundation. earlier the charter became ratified, and the united states changed into an unfastened confederation of states, not using a real federal government.
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during the antebellum period, all of the following states or territories passed laws which were designed explicitly to curtail immigration from free black except
During the antebellum period, all of the following states or territories passed laws that were designed explicitly to curtail immigration from free black except Massachusetts.
in the records of the Southern usa, the Antebellum length (from Latin: ante bellum, lit. 'before the struggle') spanned the cease of the war of 1812 to the start of the yank Civil warfare in 1861. The Antebellum South turned into characterised by means of the usage of slavery and the way of life it fostered. because the era proceeded, Southern intellectuals and leaders steadily shifted from portraying slavery as an embarrassing and brief machine, to a complete-on protection of slavery as a positive desirable, and harshly criticized the budding abolitionist movement.
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compare/contrast the actions of the government and the french government prior to the reign of terror
The Reign of Terror was a period of the French Revolution Following the French Revolution, when the nation's lower classes overthrew the longstanding Bourbon monarchy, the country established its First Republic in 1792.
The new Republic was shortly afterwards overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799, whose imperial government would fall in 1815. The Reign of Terror was a period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to revolutionary fervor, anticlerical sentiment, and accusations of treason by the Committee of Public Safety. the revolutionary war, fears of foreign invasion, rumours about counter-revolutionary activity, assassination plots and zealots in the government were all contributing factors.
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When Union general Carl Schurz undertook a fact-finding mission to the ex-Confederate states in the summer of 1865, he determined that newly freed blacks would need
a. federal protection, land of their own, and voting rights
b. military protection, employment contracts, and social equality
c. economic, social, and political equality
d. jobs, access to an unbiased judicial system, and voting rights
Option a is correct. Schurz determined that newly freed blacks would need federal protection, land of their own, and voting rights.
After emancipation, Schurz's study foresaw rampant mistreatment of Freedmen and foretold terrible repercussions for African Americans, Unionists, and their allies if the South managed to revive local militias and other internal security agencies.
He was instructed to visit the South and compile a report for Andrew Johnson, Abraham Lincoln's successor as president. However, Schurz vehemently disagreed with President Johnson's ideas for reunifying the southern states during Reconstruction and resigned from the cabinet.
Schurz, who was born in Germany in 1829 and moved to the United States in 1852, rose to prominence as a Republican Party leader in Wisconsin. Schurz commanded troops at Gettysburg and other significant engagements while serving as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War.
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Plenitude Premier Solutions (PPS) is registered in State C. If PPS wished to maintain custody of client funds or securities,
'Plenitude Premier Solutions (PPS) is registered in State C. If PPS wished to maintain custody of client funds or securities.
Client Funds means deposits, deposits, or other monies received from Licensee on behalf of a company or other person related to the transfer of real property. “Customer Funds” does not include promissory notes.
Regulations require that customer funds be held in the currency received unless the customer instructs otherwise in writing. Fees paid in advance for agreed professional services and which are clearly identifiable as such are not considered customer money within the meaning of these rules.
Companies that handle investments on behalf of their clients are required by law to have client accounts. It protects the customer's money in case the company goes bankrupt and makes embezzlement of the customer's funds more difficult.
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TRUE/FALSE. order these ideologies from those that call for the least amount of government involvement in the economy and society to those that call for the greatest amount of government involvement.
Sort these ideas from those that advocate the least engagement of the government in the economy and society to those that advocate the most involvement. The given statement is true.
Libertarian conservatism advocates the greatest possible economic liberty and the least possible government regulation of social life, mirroring laissez-faire classical liberalism, but harnesses this to a belief in a more socially conservative philosophy emphasizing authority, morality and duty.
Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional social institutions and practices. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the status quo of the culture and civilization in which it appears.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. in order to get around the need for senate approval of treaties, many contemporary presidents have made use of___in foreign affairs.
In order to get around the need for senate approval of treaties, many contemporary presidents have made use of executive agreements in foreign affairs.
A settlement is a manifestation of mutual assent via two or extra people to one another. it's miles an assembly of the minds with a not unusual aim and is made via provide and reputation. A settlement can be proven from phrases, behavior, and in some instances, even silence. The 3 most not unusual settlement types encompass fixed-fee contracts. cost-plus contracts.
Time and substances contracts. There are different words designating diverse kinds of agreements—consisting of deal, percent, pledge, settlement, and treaty—but we promised most effective the A's, B's, and C's.
We fulfilled that promise. A basic settlement is a written device of know-how, negotiated between an organization or contracting interest and a contractor.
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seafood restaurant company pays income and other taxes collected by the internal revenue service (irs). like other federal administrative agencies, the irs was created by congress, through enabling legislation. the courts, through the adjudicatory process. the u.s. constitution, through the first amendment. the u.s. department of the treasury, through a final order.
seafood restaurant company pays income and other taxes collected by the internal revenue service (irs). like other federal administrative agencies, the irs was created by congress, through enabling legislation.
Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, established the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, in 1862. It is a federal agency in the United States tasked with collecting taxes and upholding the country's tax laws. The ultimate goal of this organization, which is overseen by the US Department of the Treasury, is to collect both individual and employment taxes.
Corporate, gift, excise, and inheritance taxes, as well as taxes on mutual funds and dividends, are all handled by the Internal Revenue Service. The Internal Revenue Service, sometimes known as the IRS, receives close to 90% of all tax returns each year, making it a crucial body for upholding American tax laws.
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bail reform that ends the holding of individuals accused of misdemeanors in jails is most likely to benefit which of the following groups?
Poor people released without paying bail show up for court at the same rates as people who pay bail.the holding of individuals accused of misdemeanors in jails.
The impoverished are likely to be detained until the trial if they cannot afford to post a monetary bail. The impoverished may spend more time in jail awaiting trial than the length of the punishment they get at the conclusion of the trial since even straightforward felonies can take months to reach trial. A BILL THAT WILL BE CALLED AN ACT RELATING TO RULES FOR SETTING THE AMOUNT OF BAIL, TO THE RELEASE OF CERTAIN DEFENDANTS ON A FINANCIAL BOND OR A PERSONAL BOND, TO RELATED DUTY OF CERTAIN OFFICERS TAKING BAIL BONDS AND OF A MAGISTRATE IN A CRIMINAL CASE, TO CHARITABLE BAIL ORGANI.
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Jill enters into a contract to buy a certain building from Kim. At the closing, Kim refuses to transfer title. In a suit for breach, Jill should seek specific performance toA. make the terms reasonable and enforce the contract as reformedB. obtain the exact bargain promised in the contractC. return the parties to the positions they occupied before the contractD. reform the contract to reflect the parties' true intentions
Option B is correct. In a suit for breach, Jill should seek specific performance to obtain the exact bargain promised in the contract.
A legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties known as a contract establishes, clarifies, and regulates the parties' respective rights and obligations. A contract usually entails the exchange of products, services, cash, or a promise to exchange any of those things at a later time. The damaged party may seek legal remedies like damages or rescission in the event of a contract breach. The foundation of contract law, which is the area of the law of obligations pertaining to contracts, is the idea that agreements must be upheld.
Like other aspects of private law, contract law differs from country to jurisdiction. Common law jurisdictions, civil law jurisdictions, and mixed law jurisdictions, which incorporate features of both common law and civil law, can be used to categories the various systems of contract law.
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which of the following measures would a president adhering to supply-side economic principles most likely employ during an economic recession? An executive order to increase the amount of money in circulation in the economy.
an inclination to get involved in an international conflict to increase military spending.
A budget with significant increases in spending for unemployment benefits and public works projects.
Legislation to cut individual and corporate income tax rates and decrease regulation of the economy.
An executive order to increase the amount of money in circulation in the economy.
the president's order to increase the amount of money in circulation. Supply-side initiatives refer to government activities that aim to increase the economy's productivity and efficiency. They will eventually allow for stronger economic development by shifting aggregate supply (AS) to the right if they are successful. A country's economy will expand if its supply of commodities is increased, according to supply-side economic theory. Supply-side fiscal policy advocates usually focus on lowering taxes, lowering borrowing costs, and industries to promote more production.
Political socialization begins in childhood. However, more recent research methodologies have better assessed the media's significant impact on the political socialization process. According to some research, the most important socializing factors are family and teachers at school.
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To succeed in a cause of action for public disclosure of private facts, the private fact must be communicated:
To succeed in a cause of action for public disclosure of private facts, the private fact must be communicated: by the defendant for at least five business days.
The defendant's disclosure of facts must relate to the plaintiff's private life for a cause of action to be admissible. Any information that is already well-known or in the public domain cannot serve as the foundation for a claim.
Because a will is a public document and anything in it, no matter how private or personal to the plaintiff, is a matter of public record, the plaintiff cannot bring a cause of action based on the disclosure, for instance, if the defendant discloses private facts about the plaintiff that are contained in a last will and testament.
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Assuming that a decedent left no valid last will and testament, which one of the following assets will pass by the laws of intestate succession?A)Assets held by the decedent and his spouse as community property in a community property state that were designated community property by a nuptial agreementB)Assets placed in an inter vivos irrevocable trust in which the decedent/grantor was the sole income beneficiary and the decedent's children were the remainder beneficiariesC)A money market account at his bank that was held in the decedent's name that was payable on death (P.O.D.) in favor of his spouseD)A life insurance policy on the decedent/grantor's life placed into an irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT) for the benefit of the decedent's children two years before the decedent's death
Here, a life insurance policy on the decedent/grantor was transferred into an irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT) two years prior to the decedent's passing for the benefit of the decedent's children.
A life insurance policy is simply a contract between a person and an insurance company, in which the firm agrees to pay a predetermined sum of money to the person's beneficiaries or family in exchange for a series of payments over time. These payments, which go by the name "premium," are often made annually. The policy holder is the one who purchases the insurance.Life insurance guarantees a lump sum payment to the family in the event of an untimely death of the insured. Money cannot replace the loss, but it guarantees that the family won't face any financial difficulties even after the death of the breadwinner.
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Which is now included as part of the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment ?
The Free Exercise Clause safeguards a person's freedom to exercise their religion in accordance with their personal beliefs, provided that doing so does not violate "public morals" or a "compelling" governmental interest.
What protections does the First Amendment's Free Exercise Clause offer, quillet?The free-exercise provision of the First Amendment grants the government the authority to support particular religions. Additionally, it grants individuals the right to erect religious displays on public property.
Quiz about the Free Exercise ClauseFree-exercise provision. Your ability to hold any religion views you choose or no religious beliefs at all may not be restricted by Congress. Your right to practice any religion you want may not be unfairly or unreasonable restricted by the government.
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Match the legal approaches to product safety (in the left column) with their features (in the right column).
Contract law
Tort law
Strict liability
Contract law-
=Recognizes that there is an implicit promise that a product will perform as promised without hurting the user
Recognizes that there is an implicit promise that a product will perform as promised without hurting the user
Tort law-
= Recognizes that everyone has a general duty not to cause harm to others
Recognizes that everyone has a general duty not to cause harm to others
Strict liability-
=Addresses issues of legal and ethical responsibility for cases in which someone has been harmed but no one is at fault
contract law Recognizes that there is an implicit promise that a product will perform as promised without hurting the user.Tort law Recognizes that everyone has a general duty not to cause harm to others.
Strict liability Addresses issues of legal and ethical responsibility for cases in which someone has been harmed but no one is at fault.All legal contracts and agreements must be created, enforced, and ultimately enacted in accordance with contract law. Contract law is used by everyone who conducts business operations at some point or another. Contracts are a common tool used by both businesses and consumers.A tort is a civil wrong for which a person is legally responsible. A tort is an act or omission that causes harm to another person. When referring to torts, the terms "injury" and "harm" refer to the violation of a person's legal rights, respectively, and the actual loss or harm that person really experiences.In both criminal and civil law, strict responsibility is a level of accountability that holds someone accountable for the results of their actions even in the absence of their guilt or criminal intent.
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Apol wants to start or join a business but is not sure which organization would be best. She has a large amount of capital but does not yet have any partners who can invest or effectively manage the business
A limited or a general partnership would be best for Apol to start or join a business.
What is partnership ?In a partnership, parties who are referred to as business partners agree to work together to further their shared objectives. Individuals, companies, interest-based organizations, schools, governments, or combinations of these may be the partners in a partnership.
The simplest form of joint ownership for two or more people is a partnership. Limited partners (LP) and limited liability companies are the two most prevalent types of partnerships (LLP).
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