1.)Hydrogen bonding is a example of intermolecular force where H interract with more electronegative element like O, N , F . 2.) Hydrogen bonding is present in HOF which is more stronger then london dispersion force.
Intermolecular force are those that bind molecules together. Figure illustrating the intramolecular attraction within an H-Cl molecule and the intermolecular attraction between two H-Cl molecules. Forces between molecules are known as intermolecular forces. Three physical states—solid, liquid, and gas—are formed depending on the strength of intermolecular forces. The attraction between molecules is known as intermolecular force. These forces are crucial because they aid chemists in determining a substance's physical characteristics, such as its state, melting point, boiling point, etc. The melting and boiling points rise in proportion to the strength of the intermolecular forces.
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what volume of bromine trifluoride is required to produce 106 liters of fluorine gas according to the following reaction? (all gases are at the same temperature and pressure.)
70.6 litres of bromine trifluoride is required to produce 106 liters of fluorine gas according to the following reaction provided that all gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
Since, 2BrF3 (g) gives Br2 (g) + 3 F2 (g)
Here 2 mole BrF3 produces 3 mole F2
If volume produced of F2 is 106 litres
Therefore, volume of BrF3 =?
Since, v1 is directly proportional to n1
Therefore, v1/n1 = v2/n2
v1/2moles = 106 litres/3 moles
v1= 212/3 = 70.6 litres
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would you expect frenkel defects for anions to exist in ionic ceramics in relatively large concentrations? why or why not?
No because anions are very large and will most likely not exist as an interstitial impurity.
What is interstitial impurity?
A point defect that develops when an impurity atom takes up residence in an octahedral or tetrahedral hole in the lattice of adjacent atoms.
Give an example of an interstitial impurity flaw?
It is a specific kind of point flaw. It can be fixed into a lattice's tetrahedral or octahedral hole and is quite tiny. For instance: Interstitial impurities are bound to carbon atoms with steel that contains iron.
What does the chemical term "interstitial" mean?
All atoms that are interstitials are positioned between other atoms rather than where they normally would be. A self interstitial atom in an elemental fcc crystal is depicted in the picture as a straightforward example.
Interstitials are found in the spaces between the spheres of the crystal, which can be thought of as a periodic arrangement of hard spheres.
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a mixture of 100 g of k2cr2o7 and 200 g of water is stirred at 60 oc until no more of this salt dissolves. the resulting solution is decanted (poured off) and cooled to 20 oc. what mass of k2cr2o7 crystallizes from the solution during the cooling?
A mixture of 100 g of K2Cr2O7 and 200 g of water is stirred at 60 OC until no more of this salt dissolves. 33% mass of K2Cr2O7 crystallizes from the solution during the cooling.
To solve this problem, you need to use the solubility curve for potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in water. A solubility curve is a graph that shows the relationship between the temperature of a solution and the amount of a substance (in this case, potassium dichromate) that will dissolve in the solution. Since the mixture you have consists of 100 grams of potassium dichromate and 200 milliliters of water, you can use the solubility curve to determine how much potassium dichromate will dissolve in the mixture at 60 degrees Celsius.
At a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius, the solubility of potassium dichromate in water is approximately 150 grams per 100 milliliters of water. Since the mixture you have consists of 100 grams of potassium dichromate and 200 milliliters of water, you can use the solubility curve to determine how much potassium dichromate will dissolve in the mixture.
Since the volume of water in the mixture is 200 milliliters, this means that approximately 67% of the potassium dichromate in the mixture will dissolve at 60 degrees Celsius. The remaining 33% of the potassium dichromate will not dissolve in the mixture and will remain as a solid.
When the mixture is cooled to 20 degrees Celsius, the solubility of potassium dichromate in water decreases. This means that some of the potassium dichromate that was dissolved in the mixture at 60 degrees Celsius will crystallize out of the solution as the temperature decreases.
To determine the mass of potassium dichromate that crystallizes from the solution during the cooling, you can use the following equation:
Mass of potassium dichromate crystallized = (Mass of potassium dichromate in mixture - Mass of potassium dichromate dissolved at 60 degrees Celsius) x (1 - Solubility at 20 degrees Celsius / Solubility at 60 degrees Celsius)
Substituting in the values from the problem, we get:
Mass of potassium dichromate crystallized = (100 grams - (100 grams x 67%)) x (1 - (Solubility at 20 degrees Celsius / 150 grams)
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Which of the following relationships correctly express the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which relates vapor pressure to temperature? Select all that apply.
Ln P=-delta Hvap/R(1/T)+C
LnP/P2=deltaHvap/R(/T2-/T1)
LnP2/p1=deltaHvap/R(/T2-/T1)
Ln P=-delta Hvap/R(1/T)+C and LnP2/p1=deltaHvap/R(/T2-/T1). A Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which connects vapor pressure to temperature, is accurately expressed by relationships.
The Clausius-Clapeyron equation is just what.additionally known as the Clapeyron solution or Clapeyron-Clausius equations. the differential equation linking a substance's temperature and pressure in a system where the substance is in equilibrium between two phases. where T is the temperatures in °C and K is the vapor pressure.
What does Clausius Clapeyron's Unit mean?The left (LHS) natural log term has no units. The only criterion is that P1 and P2 must be expressed in same pressure unit, regardless of the pressure units you employ. The unit for the temperatures term will be K1. The R is measured in J mol K1, where K1 is the temperature.
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Classify each molecule as polar or nonpolar. (a) BH3 (b) CHCl3 (c) C2H2 (d) NH3
Polar molecules - NH3 and CHCl3
Non polar molecules - BH3 and C2H2
What are polar and non polar molecules?A polar molecule is one that has one end that is slightly positive and the other end that is slightly negative. A polar molecule is a diatomic molecule with a polar covalent bond.
Non-polar molecules are ones that do not have charges at the end because electrons are finely distributed and symmetrically cancel out each other.
Why NH3 and CHCl3 are polar molecules?NH3- because one end has a positive charge and the other has a negative charge. NH3 is polar.
CHCl3- Because of its tetrahedral molecular shape and the difference in electronegativity of C, H, and CL, CHCl3 is polar.
Why BH3 and C2H2 are non polar molecules?BH3 - a nonpolar molecule. Because of the symmetry of the molecule, the dipole moments of each of the B-H bonds cancel out.
C2H2 - because the electronegativity difference between Carbon and Hydrogen is less than the minimum required.
Polar molecules - NH3 and CHCl3
Non polar molecules - BH3 and C2H2
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In the reaction C2H6O, O2, CO2, and H2O What element is oxidized? What element is reduced? What molecule is oxidizing agent? What molecule is reducing agent?
In the reaction C2H6O, O2, CO2, and H2O this is an oxidation-reduction reaction. C2H6 is a reducing agent, and O2 is an oxidizing agent.
What does mean of oxidation and reduction?Oxidation:- Oxidation is a process which involves the addition of oxygen or any electronegative element or the removal of hydrogen or any electropositive element.
Oxidation is defined as the process in which an atom or ion loses one or more electrons.
Reduction:- Reduction is a process which involves the addition of hydrogen or any electropositive element or the removal of oxygen or any electronegative element.
Reduction is defined as the process in which an atom or ion gains one or more electrons.
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a 9.394mg sample of compound yielded 31.154 mg of carbon dioxide and 7.977 mg of water in combustion. calculate percent compositiobn of compound
%C = 90.5% and%H = 9.5%, You can determine by mass the amount of every element is contained in a compound using its percent composition.
Which is larger, mass or moles?Masses percent composition too is referred to as mass percent. The symbol for it is w/w%. A solution's mass percent is calculated by dividing the mass of each element present in one moles of the compound by the compound's molar mass and multiplying the result by 100%.
What do mass percent and composition percent mean?Despite their interchangeability, the phrases mass percent or percent composition are distinct. While the average concentration refers to a percentage of a certain chemical element inside a mixture, it weight percentage refers to the proportion of the a component in a combination.
Briefing:Mass of compound = 9.394 mg
Mass of CO2 yielded = 31.154 mg
Mass of H2O yielded = 7.977 mg
Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mol
Molar mass of H2O = 18.02 g/mol
mass of C = 7.08 × 10^-4 mol × 12.01 g/mol
mass of C = 0.0085 grams
mass of H = 8.86 × 10^-4 mol × 1.01 g/mol
mass of H = 0.000894 grams
Total mass of the compound = 0.0085 grams + 0.000894 grams = 0.009394 grams 9.394 mg
%C = (8.50 mg / 9.394 mg) x 100 = 90.5%
%H = (0.894 mg / 9.394 mg) x 100 = 9.5%
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What is the density of gold if 97.3 cm^3 has a mass of 1880 grams?
Answer:
Explanation:
the equation is d=m/v
convert cm to m
97.3*100=9730m^3
d=1880g/9730cm^3
d=0.19g/m^3
Round 0.02056 to three significant figures. O 0.0205 O 0.0206 O 0.021 O 0.020
On rounding of the number 0.02056 to three significant figures we get 0.021.
The significant figures are the digits that are used to represent the accuracy of a particular number or value.
Rounding off is a procedure in which a complex value is made simple by keeping it close to the very next number which is more convenient to deal with.
In the given number 0.02056. We have to round of this number to 3 significant figures.
We can observe that the digit 6 is greater than 5 so we can add one to the successive digit, so the number will become 0.0206.
But it has to be noted that we have to round of the number to three significant figures.
So, again rounding off the number 6. So finally after rounding of two three significant figures are number becomes 0.021.
As we can see that this number contains three digits after the decimal so it has three significant figures.
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Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the electron domain geometry. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the number of lone pair(s) on the central atom. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the name of the molecular geometry. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and predict the polarity. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and predict the predominant intermolecular force. Draw the Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the hybridization on Te.
The Lewis Structure for TeO3 and determine the electron domain geometry
TeO3 - Tellurium oxide
Te:
Atomic number: 52
Electron configuration: [Kr] 4d105s25p4
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a constant current is passed through an electrolytic cell containing molten mgcl2 for 12.8 h. if 3.64 g of mg(s) is produced, what was magnitude of the current that was passed through the cell? the molar mass of mg is 24.305 g/mol.
A constant current is passed through an electrolytic cell containing molten MgCl₂ for 12.8 h. if 3.64 g of mg(s) is produced .The magnitude of the current that was passed through the cell is
given that :
T = 12.8 hr = 46080 sec
Mass = 3.64 g
molar mass = 24.305 g /mol
the moles = mass / molar mass
= 3.64 / 24.305
= 0.149 mol
moles = Q / ZF
where,
Q = charge
Z = no. of electrons
F = faraday constant = 96485 C
moles = Q / ZF
Q = 0.149 × 2 × 96485
Q = 28752.53 C
the current is given as :
Q = I T
I = Q / T
I = 28752.53 / 46080
I = 0.62 A
Thus, the current is 0.62 A.
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the equilibrium constant, , for the following reaction is 1.47 at 665 k. when a sufficiently large sample of is introduced into an evacuated vessel at 665 k, the equilibrium concentration of is found to be 1.14 m. calculate the concentration of in the equilibrium mixture.
The concentration of NH₃ in the equilibrium mixture is 0.21 M.
The reaction is given as :
2NH₃(g) ⇄ N₂(g) + 3H₂(g)
equilibrium concentration of H₂ = 1.14 M.
2NH₃(g) ⇄ N₂(g) + 3H₂(g)
initial conc x 0 0
at equ. (x-2y) M y M 3y M
The expression for the equilibrium constant is given as:
3y = 1.14 M
y = 0.38 M
Kc = y × (3y)³ / (x - 2y )²
1.47 = 0.38 × (3 ×0.38)³ / (x - 2×0.38 )²
x = 0.97
the concentration of NH₃ = (x-2y) M = 0.97 - 0.76
= 0.21 M
The question is incomplete , the complete question is :
The equilibrium constant, Kc, for the following reaction is 1.47 at 665 K. 2NH3(g) N2(g) 3H2(g) When a sufficiently large sample of NH3(g) is introduced into an evacuated vessel at 655 K, the equilibrium concentration of H2(g) is found to be 1.14 M. Calculate the concentration of NH3 in the equilibrium mixture. M.
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Why might you want to heat a reaction? More than one answer may be correct. To increase the rate of the reaction. To evaporate the solvent more quickly To increase the solubility of the reagents. To overcome the activation energy for the reaction. .1 To decrease the rate of the desired reaction.
We might want to heat a reaction :To increase the rate of the reaction, to evaporate the solvent more quickly ,to increase the solubility of the reagents and to overcome the activation energy for the reaction.
The average reaction rate of the reactant molecules increases as the temperature rises. The number of molecules that are able to react quickly rises as more molecules move more quickly, hastening the creation of products.
For chemical processes to be scaled up safely and effectively, the heat of reaction, also known as reaction enthalpy, is a crucial element. The energy that is either released or absorbed when chemicals are changed in a chemical reaction is known as the heat of reaction. It explains how the energy content changes when reactants become products. The majority of reactions carried out in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries are exothermic, although a reaction can also be endothermic (heat absorption). One of the thermodynamic parameters utilized in chemical development, scale-up, and safety to scale processes from the lab scale to manufacturing is the heat of reaction, among others. The heat of reaction, also known as reaction enthalpy, is commonly given as either specific or molar enthalpy in KJ/Kg or KJ/L.
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If you had not heated the sample long enough to remove all the water of hydration, how would your subsequent calculations have been affected?
If the sample is not heated long enough water of hydration remain in the sample which adds on to the molar mass of the sample thereby introducing errors in calculations.
What is molar mass?Molar mass of a compound or a molecule is defined as the mass of the elements which are present in it.The molar mass is considered to be a bulk quantity not a molecular quantity. It is often an average of the of the masses at many instances.
The molecular mass and formula mass are used as synonym for the molar mass.It does not depend on the amount of substance which is present in the sample.It has units of gram/mole.
Molar masses of an element are given as relative atomic masses while that of compounds is the sum of relative atomic masses which are present in the compound.
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3. spontaneous reactions: once you give them a little they will on their own. they tend to energy and give it their surroundings. a. total energy ( ), which is enthalpy. in biology our energy is in b . in a spontaneous reaction it gets smaller or b. entropy ( ) is a measure of the d /randomness of a system. in spontaneous reaction, entropy . c. temperature (t), if we i the temperature the spontaneous reaction is more likely to happen.
A spontaneous reaction is a reaction which occurs on its own, without providing any external energy. Spontaneous reactions are irreversible in nature.
A spontaneous reaction has an increase in entropy, ΔS(degree of randomness) and a decrease in enthalpy,ΔH in it.
An exothermic reaction, where there is decrease in enthalpy i.e ΔH is negative and an increase in entropy i.e ΔS is positive will always be spontaneous in nature.
The combination of enthalpy change and entropy change gives the free energy of a reaction , which is known as Gibb's free energy( ΔG°)
ΔG° = ΔH - TΔS
Here, temperature is a deciding factor when both ΔH and ΔS have opposite signs. With increase in temperature, the spontaneity of a reaction increases.
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determine the ph change when 0.085 mol hi is added to 1.00 l of a buffer solution that is 0.392 m in hclo and 0.356 m in clo-.
The pH change for the given acidic buffer solution is 0.22.
HClO and ClO- is an acidic buffer, and with addition of HI, the concentration of acid increases while the concentration of salt decreases.
pH=pKa +log (salt/acid)
=7.54+log (0.326/0.369)
=7.54-0.05
=7.49
On adding Hydrogen iodide,
pH=pKa+ log((0.326-0.085)/(0.369+0.085))
=7.54+log (0.241/0.454)
=7.54-0.27
=7.27
Thus, the value of pH change cab be calculated as follows:
=7.27-7.49
=0.22
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in the movie star wars episode v: the empire strikes back, the character han solo is frozen in the fictional material, carbonite. if carbonite existed, what would be its likely chemical formula?
If carbonite existed, its likely chemical formula will be CO₂²⁻.
The carbonite is liquid substance that is made from the carbon and the oxygen. the carbonite could change in the solid form through rapid freezing. carbonite is used to freeze the good for preservation is called as the carbon freezing. the carbonite is the blasting explosive. so, the carbon freezing is the process in which the liquid carbonite is frozen into the solid state.
Thus, in the movie star wars episode v: the empire strikes back, the character han solo is frozen in the fictional material, carbonite. if carbonite existed, its likely chemical formula will be CO₂²⁻.
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What is an Experimental Percentage Yield Explained.
The experimental percentage yield is the ratio of the actual yield of the product of a reaction to its theoretical yield multiplied by 100.
What is percentage yield?Percentage yield of a reaction is used to study the efficiency of a chemical reaction. It is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield multiplied by 100.
The actual yield of a reaction is the experimentally obtained value and it will be less than theoretical yield which is derived from the balanced chemical equation of the reaction.
For example if 5 g be the actual yield of the product in a reaction, but the theoretical or expected yield derived from the equation be 7 g.
then the percentage yield = 5 /7 × 100 = 71.4 %.
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In the coordination compound [Co(en)2CIz]CI, the charge on the Lewis acid is (ethylenediamine, en = H2NCH2CH2NH2) a. -2 b. -1 Oc +2 d.+3 e. +1
So, the charge on Lewis acid (Co) is +3 . So, correct answer is :-d). +3
As we know in a coordination compound metal atoms or ions are Lewis acid . So, here Cobalt is Lewis acid .Now , the charge of ethylenediamine (en) is 0 , the charge of Cl is -1 . Let the charge on Co be X . Then as overall compound is neutral . So,
1 × X + 2 × 0 + 3 × -1 = 0
X - 3 = 0
X = +3
So, the charge on Lewis acid (Co) is +3 . So, correct answer is : d). +3
A Lewis acid can be an atom, ion, or molecule having an uncompleted octet of electrons (e.g., BF3, AlF3). Lewis acids are a subclass of molecules whose core atoms can take electrons from more than eight valence shells (e.g., SiBr4, SiF4).
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Question 3 (1 point)
Michelle is trying to find the average atomic mass of a sample of an unknown
element. She finds that her sample contains 28.49% of an isotope with a mass of
56.2925, while the rest of the sample is an isotope with a mass of 52.4566. What is
the average atomic mass of her sample? Please round your answer to 0.01 amu.
Your Answer:
Answer
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units
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The average atomic mass of Michelle's sample is equal to 53.549 amu.
What is the natural abundance of elements?Natural abundance can be defined as the abundance of natural isotopes of a chemical element found on a planet. The relative atomic mass can be defined as the atomic weight of the element in the periodic table.
The natural abundance of an isotope is affected by the probability of its creation and by the production of an isotope as a daughter of the natural radioactive isotope.
The mass of one isotope = 56.2925 amu, relative abundance =28.49%
The relative abundance of the other isotope = 100 - 28.49 = 71.51 %
The mass of the other isotope = 52.4566 amu
Average atomic mass = 56.2925 × 0.2849 + 52.4566 × 0.7151
Average atomic mass = 16.0377 + 37.511
Average atomic mass = 53.549 amu
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Round 0.02056 to three significant figures a)0.0205 b)0.0206 c)0.021 d)0.020
Answer:
The Round of given number to three significant figures will be 0.0206 option (b)
Explanation:
Rules for rounding to a
1, look at the second digit after the first non-zero digit if to three significant figures
0.0205|6
2, look at the next number
0.0205|6
3, if it's 5 or more, increase the previous digit by one
0.0206|6
4, if it's 4 or less, keep the previous digit the same
so, the final answer of given number 0.02056 after round off upto three significant figures will be 0 .0206
correct option is (b)
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a. What is the electron-domain (charge-cloud) geometry of BrF5? Enter the electron-domain geometry of the molecule.
b. What is the molecular geometry of BrF5?
c. Ignoring lone-pair effects, what is the smallest bond angle in BrF5?
d. Which choice best describes the polarity of BrF5?
The molecule is polar and has polar bonds.
The molecule is nonpolar and has polar bonds.
The molecule is polar and has nonpolar bonds.
The molecule is nonpolar and has nonpolar bonds.
e. Of the molecules below, only ________ is polar.
H2
SiS2
CH4
AsH3
PF5
(a) Electron domain geometry - Octahedral.
(b) Molecular geometry - Square pyramidal.
(c) Smallest bond angle - 90°
(d) The polarity of BrF₅, best choice is: The molecule is polar and has polar bond.
(e) AsH₃ is polar molecule.
What is polar and non-polar molecule?A molecule's valence shell electrons are shown in a very simple manner via a Lewis structure. It serves as a visual representation of how the electrons surrounding certain molecules' atoms are positioned.
It demonstrates the bonds that exist between a molecule's atoms and its lone pairs of electrons. When used in conjunction with hybrid orbitals, Lewis structures can also be helpful in predicting molecular geometry.
(a) Electron domain geometry - Octahedral.
(b) Molecular geometry - Square pyramidal.
(c) Smallest bond angle - 90°
(d) The polarity of BrF₅, best choice is: The molecule is polar and has polar bond.
(e) AsH₃ is polar molecule.
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in water, a substance that partially ionizes in solution is called a group of answer choices nonelectrolyte. nonconductor. weak electrolyte. strong electrolyte. semiconductor.
In water, a substance that partially ionizes in solution is called
nonelectrolyte.nonconductor weak electrolytestrong electrolytesemiconductorHence, the Correct Option is 3) i.e., Weak electrolyte
Weak electrolytes are those electrolytes that do not dissociate or ionized completely in their aqueous solution. These electrolytes have low electrical conductivity with a lesser extension of ionization. For example, CH3COOH, NH4OH, etc
In water substance that is partially ionized in solution is known as weak electrolyte. Since strong electrolyte completely ionized while weak electrolyte partially ionized.
Weak electrolyte examples: Acetic acid (CH3COOH): Acetic acid is the acid that is found in vinegar. It is an electrolyte that is extremely soluble in the water. But when it is dissolved in the water, most of its original molecule remains as it is, instead of being in the ion form. This original form is known as ethanoate. The acetic acid is dissolved in the water and ionises as ethanoate and the hydronium ion. Thus, this makes acetic acid a weak electrolyte.
CH3COOH + H2O ⇔ CH3COO -+ H3O +
Carbonic acid (CH2O3), Ammonia (NH3), and Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) act as weak electrolytes.
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Which star type has a surface temperature of 4000 K and a luminosity 1000 times greater than the Sun? dwarf
The star type that has a surface temperature of 4000 K and a luminosity 1000 times greater than the Sun is a main sequence star, also known as a dwarf star.
Dwarf stars are the most common type of star in the universe, and they are characterized by a surface temperature of between 3000 K and 7000 K. These stars are relatively small and have a mass similar to that of the Sun, but they are much more luminous, with a luminosity that can be 1000 times greater than the Sun.
Dwarf stars are classified into different spectral types based on their surface temperature, with stars like the Sun being classified as G-type dwarf stars. A star with a surface temperature of 4000 K would be classified as a K-type dwarf star.
Dwarf stars are important because they are the primary source of energy for planetary systems, and they are also the primary source of heavy elements that are necessary for the formation of planets and life.
Draw lewis structure for C5H12
The Lewis structure for C5H12 looks like this:
H - C - H
| | |
H - C - H
| | |
H - C - H
A Lewis structure is a way of representing the covalent bonds in a molecule. To draw the Lewis structure for C5H12, we first need to determine the number of valence electrons in the molecule. The valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom, and they are the ones involved in chemical bonds.
In the case of C5H12, carbon has four valence electrons and hydrogen has one. This means that the molecule has a total of 5 x 4 + 12 = 32 valence electrons.
To draw the Lewis structure, we start by placing the five carbon atoms in the center of the structure, forming a pentagon. We then connect each carbon atom to the other four using single bonds, which represent two electrons each. This accounts for 20 of the 32 valence electrons.
Next, we add the remaining 12 valence electrons by placing hydrogen atoms on the outside of the pentagon, one on each side. Each hydrogen atom forms a single bond with a carbon atom, accounting for the remaining 12 valence electrons.
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identify the compound that has hydrogen bonding. identify the compound that has hydrogen bonding. ch3ch3 hi h2 hf (ch3)3n
The chemical compound HF, or hydrogen fluoride, acts as both a hydrogen donor and acceptor during the process. It exhibits hydrogen bonding because the fluoride is linked to the hydrogen atom in this reaction. Option C is the correct option.
HF molecules are held together by a covalent bond or the strong hydrogen bonding between a hydrogen and a fluorine atom. Given that it contains a potent electronegative ion, fluorine can act as both a hydrogen acceptor and donor. This material exhibits hydrogen bonding as a result.
In chemistry, a hydrogen bond is a relatively strong attraction between an electronegative atom, which is generally the acceptor of the bond, and also an electronegative atom that is covalently bound to a higher electronegative donor atom or group. This attraction is termed to be electrostatic in general.
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which of the following molecules would be polar? group of answer choices sco pcl5 ccl4 bcl3 co2
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is polar in nature and the electronegativity difference between sulfur and oxygen atoms makes it a polar molecule.
Why is SO2 a polar covalent?Sulfur dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula SO2 and it is a toxic gas that is responsible for the odor of burnt matches.
SO2 has a bent shape due to the presence of unbonded electrons on the sulfur and oxygen atoms.
Solid sulfur dioxide is a polar molecular solid because net dipole moment is non zero and constituent particles are molecules and the electronegativity of sulfur is 2.5 and that of oxygen is 3.5.
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in this experiment, two equivalents of benzaldehyde were used, and the desired product was dibenzylideneacetone. how can you use the attached proton nmr of the product to show that you did not isolate the product of a single aldol condensation (that is, benzylideneacetone).
Aldol condensation results from the reaction of two moles of benzaldehyde with one mole of acetone.
The preparation of benzylideneacetone from benzaldehyde and acetone proceeds by the procedure of Claisen-Schmidt reaction which is a condensation reaction between aromatic aldehydes or aldehyde with ketone in the presence of an alkali.
Aromatic aldehyde, in the presence of an alkali, undergoes a condensation reaction with an aldehyde or ketone containing alpha hydrogen atoms. This reaction is named as Claisen-Schmidt reaction. In the presence of sodium hydroxide, aldehydes can condense with another aldehyde or ketone by eliminating a water molecule. Thus, with one mole of acetone, moles of benzaldehyde condense to give Dibenzal acetone.
Hence, benzaldehyde with acetone with ketone forms aldol product.
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in double replacement reactions, why will two metals not combine with each other when products are formed?
In double replacement reactions, the two metals will not combine with each other when products are formed because the atoms of metals contain less than half the full complement of electrons in their outermost shell.
What is Double replacement reaction?This is referred to as a type of reaction in which the positive and negative ions of two compounds exchange places to form two new products or substances.
The two metals will not combine with each other when products are formed because of their atoms having less than the required electrons which is needed to complement those in the outermost shell.
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Problem 6.30 b Draw the mechanism for the following reaction. OH H,O HzN Get help answering Molecular Drawing questions: Your answer is incorrect Try again. Part A: Draw part 1 of the mechanism. Include charges and lone pairs on your mechanism. 5 Edit Get help answering Molecular Drawing questions_ Your answer is incorrect Try again. Part B: Draw part 2 of the mechanism: Include charges and lone pairs on your mechanism:
Ring expansion is the first reaction's mechanism. A primary oxonium ion is created when the hydroxyl group is protonated by sulfuric acid. the main ion of oxonium.
How are lone pairs identified?By deducting the number of valence electrons on bound atoms (Step 2) from the total number of valence electrons, one can determine the number of lone pairs on the central atom (Step 1). To determine the number of LPs, divide the number of VEs not in bonds (from Step 3) by two.
What do bond pairs and lone pairs refer to?Bond pairs are the shared pairs of electrons that exist between the bonded atoms. Not all valence electrons will necessarily participate in a bond. Lone pairs of electrons are the electron pairs that do not engage in bonding.
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