Describe two mechanisms used by bacterial host cells to protect themselves from viral infection.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

modulating their cell surfaces, releasing proteins to inhibit or degrade host immune factors

Explanation:


Related Questions

How does scarcity determine the economic value of an item?

Answers

The way in which scarcity determine the economic value of an item is: D. by the resources consumed in production.

What is economics?

Economics can be defined as a field of science that is focused on the analysis and examination of various principles that influence the production, demand and supply of goods and services, including the allocation of scarce (limited) resources.

Additionally, economics is typically focused on the problem of scarcity, which is generally created due to scarce (limited) resources and consumers who have unlimited needs and wants.

In conclusion, we can reasonably and logically deduce that the economic value of an item (product) is determined by scarcity based on the amount of resources that are consumed in production.

Read more on scarcity here: https://brainly.com/question/24514964

#SPJ1

Complete Question:

How does scarcity determine the economic value of an item?

by the amount of goods that are produced

by the capital required to build the factory

by the unlimited wants of the consumers

by the resources consumed in production

Which of the organisms shown below consist of only one cell?a) Pine treeb) Amoebac) Mushroomd) Earthworm

Answers

The answer is b. amoeba.

What phenotypic ratio would be expected in a cross between two pink snapdragon plants? There is incomplete dominance in snapdragons: rr is red ww is white, and rw ispink.1 red: 1 while1 red: 1 pink1 red: 2 pink 1 white

Answers

Answer

the phenotypic ratio would be

1:2:1

1 red, 2 pink, 1 white

Explanation

in incomplete dominance both alleles at a locus are partially expressed in the phenotype resulting in an intermediate phenotype.

pink is incomplete dominance between a white and red allele.

when we cross two pink snap dragons we would get the genotypes shown in the punnett diagram below.

from the punnett diagram we would get the following genotypes

rr

rw

rw

ww

these would have the following phenotypes

rr- red

rw - pink

rw - pink

ww - white

and so the phenotypic ratio would be

1:2:1

1 red, 2 pink, 1 white

3) Dialysis membrane is permeable to iodine (IKI). What result would you expect to see if you put
IKI in solution B at the start of the exercise?

Answers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the selective permeability of dialysis tubing. The permeability of the tubing to glucose, starch and iodine (potassium iodide) was tested.

Dialysis TubingThe dialysis tube was clipped to create a bag so that starch and glucose could be delivered into the bag from the other end while also preventing solution seepage. A 400 ml beaker was filled with water that had many drops of iodine added to it until it was clearly yellow-amber in color.The beaker was then filled with the bag, and a magnetic stirrer was used to mix it. It remained there for a half-hour. Iodine was able to flow through the membrane and into the bag, as evidenced by the change in color of the solution inside the bag from clear to blue-black.

To learn more about Dialysis Tubing refer:

https://brainly.com/question/24380694

#SPJ9

Do you think all amino acids in a sequence are equally important or are some more important than others to the proteins “function”. Explain

Answers

There are 20 fundamental amino acids which the body require to grow and function properly. However, among these 20 amino acids. only nine are classified as essential amino acids.

What are amino acids?

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Different amino acids polymerize to form a polypeptide which combines to form a protein. The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence. This sequence derives the folding of the protein and intramolecular bonding of the linear amino acid chains, which ultimately determines the unique three-dimensional structure of a protein.

A change in the sequence of this amino acid may lead to a change in the protein. Even changing just a single amino acid in the sequence of a protein can affect the protein's overall structure and function.

Learn more about Amino acids here:

https://brainly.com/question/15888022

#SPJ1

The membrane of mitochondria contains embedded proteins.
What is the purpose of these proteins?

A) facilitate the synthesis of new proteins

B) help break down organic material

C) help in the production of ATP

D) bind to nucleotides to form RNA

Answers

According to the given statement the purpose of these proteins is help in the production of ATP.

The correct option is C.

What are proteins give examples?

Living things chemical molecules called proteins. They perform several different tasks, such as organization, transport, and defense. A protein can have up to four different structural difference and is made up of amino acid chains. Examples of particular proteins are collagen, glucagon, and anticorps.

Where can you find protein?

Plant-based food (fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, and seeds) frequently lack one or more essential amino acids, but animal-based food (meat, chicken, fish, eggs, and dairy products) are frequently excellent sources of protein source.
To know more about Proteins visit:

https://brainly.com/question/17095120

#SPJ13

HELPPPPP ASAPPPPP
why did the united states view the vietnam war as a failure during the cold war?????
A. France had pulled out of Warsaw Pact.
B. The United States already lost in Korea.
C.it did stop the spread of communism.

Answers

The united states view the Vietnam war as a failure during the cold war it did stop the spread of communism. Option C.

The Viet Cong had an intricate knowledge of the terrain. They won the hearts of South Vietnamese by living in villages and helping with their daily lives. Their tunnel system traps and jungle hideouts meant they were hard to beat and hard to find.

A military defeat was inconceivable although many admitted the involvement was a mistake rice field. The United States feared that communism would spread to South Vietnam and then to the rest of Asia. I have decided to send money, supplies, and military advisers to assist the South Vietnamese government. According to the domino theory, the United States feared that a communist victory in South Vietnam would trigger a communist wave across the region.

Learn more about The cold war here:-https://brainly.com/question/856013

#SPJ1

What’s the correct answer answer asap for brainlist

Answers

Answer:photosynthesis

Explanation:

If the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in a population is 0.25, then p = _______.

Answers

The Hardy-Weinberg equation used to determine genotype frequencies is: p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1. Where 'p2' represents the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype (AA), '2pq' the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Aa) and 'q2' the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (aa).

can you explain what the green arrow is pointed at

Answers

The green arrow is pointed at the nucleus. Among the options given, the answer will be a multipolar neuron nucleus because the type of nerve cell shown is a multipolar neuron. A multipolar neuron possesses a single axon with multiple dendrites and dendritic branches.

MENTION 5 IMPORTANCE OF FUNGI IN AGRICULTURE​

Answers

Fungi are in charge of decomposing organic matter and releasing carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus into the soil and the atmosphere along with bacteria. Many domestic and industrial operations, including the production of bread, wine, beer, and some cheeses, depend on fungi.

Fungi are used by people for a variety of things, including as food and in food preparation. Fungi are also used by people to manage pests. Fungi can also be utilized to create human hormones, citric acid, and medicines. Additionally, fungi are model study organisms.

Most ecosystems depend on fungi as significant decomposers.

Most fungi's main function is to maintain the natural world. Fungi and bacteria both play a crucial role in the soil food web as decomposers. They transform difficult-to-digest organic material into forms that other species can utilise.In addition to producing proteins, carotenoids, and other elements for food, fungus also serve as a source of food. The ability of fungi to ferment fruits and grains into alcoholic beverages, bread, and cheese has been utilized.

To know more about Fungi please click here : https://brainly.com/question/10878050

#SPJ10

How does meiosis one and two contributed to genetic variation? use the diagram to explain your answer

Answers

Meiosis I contributes in genetic variation due to the event of crossing over. On the other hand, Meiosis II results in the formation of four daughter cells that are genetically different.

Meiosis is the process of cell division that changes the ploidy of the parent into half in the daughter cells. It is accomplished in two phases: Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Meiosis I is the reductional division where the actual ploidy is changes whereas Meiosis II is the equational division that leads to the formation of four different daughter cells.

Crossing over is an event that occurs in Prophase I of Meiosis. It is the process of exchange of genetic material between the two homologous chromosomes, one from the father while another from the mother.

To know more about crossing over, here

brainly.com/question/19671756

#SPJ1

7. What is the name for a characteristic, such as eye color, of an organism?
Otrait
O gene
Ohybrid
O allele

Answers

 Traitis the name for a characteristic, such as eye color, of an organism .

In simple terms, what is a trait?

A trait is a distinctive attribute, propensity, or trait that someone, something, or both possesses. During those formative months, a lot of our personality characteristics are formed. Humans are naturally creative. More Synonyms for trait: feature, quality, attribute, characteristic.

Height, weight, skin tone, body hair, sexual organs, moles, freckles, eye color, nose shape, ear shape, body shape, physical deformities, mutilations, and other variances like amputations, scars, burns, and wounds are all factors.

To learn more about Trait refer

https://brainly.com/question/1463051?

#SPJ9

An organism is defined as a living creature with an organized structure, the ability to respond to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis, among other characteristics.

Therefore, every animal, plant, fungus, protist, bacterium, or archaeon found on Earth would be considered an organism. These creatures can be categorized in a number of ways.

In a diploid organism, two alleles for a particular gene are expressed and interact to produce physical traits. The observable characteristics that an organism displays are referred to as its phenotype.

What is the name for an organism's attribute like eye color?

The term "phenotype" describes a person's observable characteristics, such as height, eye color, and blood type. Both a person's genotype and environmental variables affect their phenotype.

To learn more about Organism refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/27231354

#SPJ9

You are sorting cards with pictures of organisms and their descriptions into groups. You would place the card with an osprey and the description "organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms" with cards for other_____________

Answers

The osprey is a predator bird, as it is stated in the description obtain energy by consuming other organisms, this is by definition how heterotroph obtain their resources. Therefore the correct group is option 1 heterotrophs.

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
OA. Decomposers are herbivores.
B. Decomposers break down dead organisms and return nutrients to
the ecosystem.
C. Decomposers convert solar energy to chemical energy through the
process of photosynthesis.
D. Decomposers feed on small reptiles and mammals.

Answers

B. Decomposes role in the environment is to break down larger organisms to return their nutrients to the ecosystem. Examples of this include earthworms, mushrooms, and fungi.

Why are sago palms gymnosperm?
How do they achieve fertilization/pollination?
Are they gametophyte dominant, sporophyte dominant, 50/50, or sporophyte only?

Answers

Sago palms or Cycas revoluta is gymnosperms because they reproduces through an exposed ovule or seed.

In gymnosperm Pollen from male cones blows up into upper branches, where it fertilizes female cones.  Cycas revoluta is a cycad, not an actual palm. Pollination in gymnosperms involves pollen transfer from the male cone to the female cone. during transfer, the pollen develops to form the pollen tube and the sperm for fertilizing the egg.

In gymnosperm ovaries are absent, double fertilization does not take place, As male and female gametophytes are present on cones rather than flowers, and wind is the main source pollination.

To learn more about  gymnosperms , here

brainly.com/question/17194627

#SPJ1

Which of the following would be an example of Codominance?A. Smooth and wrinkled peasB. Red, white, and pink snapdragon flowersC. Different shades of skin colorD. AB blood type

Answers

The correct answer is D. AB blood type. Codominance refers to the simultaneous expression of traits encoded by different alleles, therefore, heterozygous display an intermediate phenotype.

What differences between plants and animals explain the fact that chloroplasts appear only in plant cells and lyosomes appear only in animal cells?

Answers

While mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells, chloroplasts found in plant cells. Plants must produce their own sugar from sunlight since they cannot it from food.

Where are chloroplasts found?

Chloroplasts are a component of all green plants and algae. They provide the plants with food. The plant's leaves contain them in the mesophyll cells. There is a lot of chlorophyll present in them, which absorbs sunlight.

What purpose does the chloroplast function?

The primary process for converting solar radiation energy into chemical energy that organisms can use takes place in chloroplasts. As a result, they make up around 50% of the leaf protein 1, and the chloroplast's ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase enzyme is by far the protein that is most prevalent on Earth.

To know more about Chloroplast visit:

https://brainly.com/question/11136550

#SPJ13

The birthdate of scientific inquiry is

Answers

The scientific inquiry was first used in 17th century but was developed in late 1020s and 1030s.

What is scientific inquiry and when was it originated?Scientific inquiry is the way or would be better to say numerous ways to collect data and evidence on particular topic.And drawing explainations and conclusion on the basis of evidence found in the time period under consideration.See scientific inquiry was made long time ago but is still on the top of the world.Statistically more than 80 percent of the professionals are in the business of finding the evidence and data and processing to draw successful conclusions.Here is the origin , when it was originated in 1020s and 1030s and was invented in the same .

To know more about scientific inquiry visit:

https://brainly.com/question/5216287

#SPJ10

During human development , which process must happen before cell division can take place A blastocyst formationB Fertilization C Embryo formationD differentiation

Answers

We can say that the process that must happen before cell division to take place can be listed as following:

B. Fertilization

A. Blastocyst formation

D. Differentiation

C. Embryo formation

So the process that must happen before cell division occurs, is B. Fertilization since after that, there will be another process that implies the multiplication of the cells.

Which statement best describes how iron helps the body mantain homeostasis?

Answers

Iron in our bodies can be found in red blood cells, as part of the hemoglobin, which is the molecule that allows red cells to carry oxygen and is also what gives red cells their color.

This means the right answer would be C, it helps red blood cells carry oxygen.

a dna strand a sequence of ATCGCGC. what is the complementary base sequence to this first example

Answers

Answer:

TAGCGCG

Explanation:

hope this helps!!!

8. in the cladogram below, which letter represents the unique history of organism B?

Answers

answer

the unique history of B is represented by B. it is not shared with any other organism

Rabbits produce large numbers of offspring during each reproductive season, yet the number of rabbits within a given population changes very little from year to year. The stability of the population size is most likely the result ofGroup of answer choicesthe development of mutations in young rabbitsenvironmental factors that keep the population in checkrabbits continuing to reproduce when the population is largethe survival of more female rabbits than male rabbits

Answers

Solution:

According to the problem, we have that rabbits produce large numbers of offspring during each reproductive season, yet the number of rabbits within a given population changes very little from year to year.

This can be explained because the stability of the population size is most likely the result of environmental factors that keep the population in check. Rabbits are seen as food by many predators which will keep the numbers down. The principle of the survival of the fittest will ensure that young strong rabbits get to breed and carry the gene pool to the next generation.

So that, we can conclude that the correct answer is:

environmental factors that keep the population in check.

HELLLLP ASAPPPPPPN
what did amphibians develop that made them more advanced than their ancestors?
a.brain and vertical column
b.jaws to help catch prey.
c.amniotic eggs
D.legs to be able to survive on land.

Answers

I’m pretty sure it’s D

The development of legs in amphibians was a significant evolutionary advancement that allowed them to thrive in terrestrial environments. The correct option is D.

Amphibians are a group of vertebrates that typically undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage (such as tadpoles) to a semi-aquatic or fully terrestrial adult form.

Their ancestors were primarily aquatic organisms, similar to modern-day fish.

The evolution of legs provided amphibians with increased mobility and the ability to move effectively on land.

Legs allowed them to navigate various terrains, escape predators, seek shelter, and search for food sources that were not accessible in water.

This adaptation opened up a whole new range of ecological opportunities for amphibians, leading to their successful colonization of diverse terrestrial habitats.

Thus, the correct option is D,

To know more about Amphibians, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/15821010

#SPJ4


Which of the following is a question about biology? (Select all that apply.)
How have rocks in the Grand Canyon changed over the last million years?
How much carbon dioxide does an industry release into the atmosphere each year?
How does water pollution affect fish in a lake?
How has a species of bacteria changed since doctors started prescribing antibiotics?
Why are Earth's poles colder than the equator?

Answers

How has a species of bacteria changed since doctors started prescribing antibiotics is a question related to biology.

What are the contents of biology?

Biology is the study of living organisms and their vital processes. Botany, conservation, ecology, evolution, genetics, marine biology, medicine, microbiology, molecular biology, physiology, and zoology are some of the fields covered by biology.

Some bacteria have developed resistance to antibiotics that were once widely used to treat them. For example, Staphylococcus aureus ('golden staph' or MRSA) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the cause of gonorrhea) are almost always resistant to benzylpenicillin.

Therefore, bacteria have developed resistance to antibiotics during evolution.

Learn more about antibiotics from the given link.

https://brainly.com/question/10868637

#SPJ9

According to the phylogenetic tree which of the characteristics are not found in Primates A . Twopost-orbital fenestraeB.Hair C.VertebraeD.Amoiotic egg

Answers

A typical diapsid skull featuring the two post-orbital fenestrae, or the "openings behind the eye." All members of the group called the Reptilia (see below), except for the anapsids (turtles and their ilk), and a few extinct groups, are diapsids.

Answer: A. Twopost-orbital fenestrae



Which of the following is an example of an instinctive behavior?
O dressing baby girls in the color pink
O pulling on one's earlobe in response to stress or anxiety
infant rooting for a nipple
O a smoker's love of nicotine

Answers

Infant rooting for a nipple

This is high school biology it’s about proteins

Answers

3. Basic amino group (−NH2)creates amino part of amino acid.

4. Acidic carboxyl group (−COOH), creates acid part of amino acid.5. Every amino acid has group of atoms bonded to the alpha carbon known as the R group. The R-group dictates the size, structure and nature of the amino acid. It determines whether the amino acid is acidic, polar, nonpolar, basic, or neutral.

6. Instruction for building protein:

Transcription transfers the genetic information from DNA to mRNA via initiation elongation termination. The newly created strand of mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome within the cytoplasm s where translation initiates.

7.  Mutations prevent one or more proteins from working properly. By changing a gene's instructions for making a protein, a variant can cause  malfunction of protein.

8. The primary structure of protein is defined as the sequence of amino acids linked  to form a polypeptide chain. Each amino acid is linked to the next amino acid through peptide bonds which is created in protein biosynthesis process.

9. Secondary structure of protein comprises of of regions stabilized by hydrogen bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone. It refers to local structure of the protein backbone.

To know more about proteins , refer

https://brainly.com/question/10058019

#SPJ13

1. Connective tissues provide (1 point)
movement
hormones
support and strength
communication and control

Answers

Connective tissues provide :

support and strength

Connective tissues bind all the structures together, form a framework and for organs and the body, store fat, protect against disease, and also help repair damaged tissue.

Functions of connective tissues include:

Transportation of nutrients and metabolites through direct diffusion between organs and connective tissue proper.Immunological defense  and structural support.Repair  of tissues after injury

Supportive connective tissue that are bone and cartilage, provide structure and strength to the body and protect soft tissues.

Connective tissue is found in between other tissues almost everywhere in the body including body nervous system. The three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord are also composed of connective tissue.

To know more about connective tissues, refer

https://brainly.com/question/408637

#SPJ13

Other Questions
CAN YOU GIVE ME AN INTRODUCTION FOR A SCARY CAMPING TRIP True or False?Mendeleev organized elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic number. One number is five more than another and their sum Is 13 find the numbers Which list shows the correct way to structure a body paragraph in an essay? supporting details, concluding sentence, topic sentence thesis statement, concluding statement, supporting details concluding sentence, supporting details, thesis statement topic sentence, supporting details, concluding statement Patient care tech job duties in a school the number of workers is w. The number of learners is eight times the number of teachers. The number of workers is nine less than the number of teachers. How many people are in the school. Name: Date: 4) The capacity of a bathtub is 297 liters. The capacity of a sink is 9 liters. How many sinks of water will fill the bathtub? A 2,673 B 30 o 33 There are 354 milliliters of soda in each can write the equation y-4=1/3(x+6) in slope intercept form. The Bantu speaking people are associated with which of the following?Select one:O a. Extensive written sources.O b. Massive and numerous monuments.Oc.Restricting their migration to North Africa.Od. Acquiring iron technology, learning to breed livestock, and growing grain.e. Having no political organization whatsoever.Clear my choice The expression 3,500 (1 +0.028) 4trepresents the amount of money in a savings account,where interest compounds quarterly, after t years since the account was opened. What does(1+0.028) represent? "The citizens of the United States cherish sentiments the most friendly in favor of the liberty and happiness of their fellow man on that side of the Atlantic [Europe]. In the wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part, nor does it comport with our policy so to do. . . . We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety."President James Monroe, Message to Congress, December 2, 1823Use the passage to answer the question.In this message, James Monroe promoted a foreign policy that would become known by which of the following names?A.isolationismB.interventionismC.selective foreign aidD.free trade how much less than negative 2 is negative 5 A construction crew is below ground working on a foundation for a new apartment building.They are currently 41 feet below street level, but the final building will be 503 feet tall. Assuming they can build 34 more feet per week, w, how many weeks will it take them to finish?The following equation represents the situation: 41+34w=503 where a landowner seeks permission to build a structure that does not comply with the current zoning regulations applicable to the land in question, the landowner would seek a: 5/7 - 3/5 = what? I'm don't know what is . A marble has a mass of 0.230kg and a volume of 0.212L. What is the density of the marble in g/mL? Willthis marble FLOAT or SINK in water? EXPLAIN! (Please see the question in the image) All coefficients that are number two are wrong answers and need to be replaced. which organism is more efficient? Two companies are competing for a contract to make the programs for the high school football games. Howie's Printing charges a $19.99 fee for printing and $0.25 for each program printed. Mint Print charges a $29.99 fee for printing and $0.10 for each program printed. For what number of programs will Howie's Printing cost more than Mint Print?i need this now tooooooo Question 9Which sentence contains a fragment?a. The words meaning "father" are similar in many languages. For instance, "apa" in Turkish, "aba" in Hebrew, and "ataata" in Eskimo. The English and Spanish word "papa" seems related to these words.b. The words meaning "father" are similar in many languages. For instance, "apa" in Turkish, "aba" in Hebrew, and "ataata" in Eskimo all mean "father." The English and Spanish word "papa" seems related to these words.c. The words meaning "father" are similar in many languages. For instance, the word for "father" is "apa" in Turkish, "aba" in Hebrew, and "ataata" in Eskimo. The English and Spanish word "papa" seems related to these words.