Answer:
1. Acetylcholine:
- Muscarinic
- Nicotinic
- Associated with mushroom poison
- Only receptor found in parasympathetic synapses
- Associated with tobacco
2. Norepinephrine:
- alpha-Adrenergic
- beta-Adrenergic
- Utilizes calcium ions as a second messenger
Explanation:
Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter that acts in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Cholinergic receptors are receptors that bind to ACh. Muscarinic receptors are G protein-coupled receptors involved in the parasympathetic nervous system, which play roles in a variety of physiological responses (e.g., ACh binds to muscarinic receptors in the pathophysiology of asthma, leading to an increased mucus secretion). Nicotinic receptors bind to nicotine, while muscarinic receptors bind to muscarin (muscarine is a well-known neurotoxic alkaloid found in certain mushrooms). Nicotine receptors are also called cholinergic receptors since they also respond to ACh. On the other hand, norepinephrine (NE) binds to alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptors in different tissues. Both alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptors are G-protein coupled receptors. Alpha-adrenergic receptors are involved in the regulation of blood pressure and generating a sympathetic 'fight and flight response'; whereas beta-adrenergic receptors modulate sympathetic responses in the cardiovascular, metabolic, and central nervous systems (NE activates the beta1-receptor). NE can induce Ca2+ release, which is a second messenger that controls a wide variety of cellular processes.
________________ best summarizes how Durkheim's approach to religion differed from that taken by Wallace.
Answer:
Durkheim underscored the common, public, and all-encompassing nature of religion. It also speaks to the definitions that it embodies and how it causes people to emote.
Explanation:
Durkheim is a sociologist of french origins who believed that society was more powerful than the individual.
This according to him, was so because society is held together by ideas that resonate across more than one individual. These ideas show up like norms, beliefs, and values which are subscribed to by many thus creating a collective consciousness. This collective consciousness makes it easy to predict how people generally are likely to behave either as a people or an individual.
Cheers
How does water relate to the ability of a living thing to generate usuable energy?
Answer:
Without the proper balance of water, chemical reactions in cells could not take place.
Explanation: :)
Outermost layer of virion fullfills which of the following functions maturation biosynthesis release attachment
Which of the following events is typical of meiosis but not of mitosis?
A the chromosomes are highlighted
B. the centrioles are formed
C chromatids separate
D. the homologous chromosomes are paired AND the spindle is formed
Answer:
D. the homologous chromosomes are paired AND the spindle is formed
Explanation:
Meiosis is the type of cell division that results in four daughter cells with each having a reduced number of chromosomes (by half). Both meiosis and mitosis occur in different stages including prophase, metaphase, anaphase etc but meiosis occurs in two series of division processes called meiosis I and meiosis II.
In prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes, which are similar but non-identical chromosomes from male and female parents pair to form tetrad or bivalent. This pairing of homologous chromosome is unique and peculiar to MEIOSIS but never mitosis.
If a diploid cell has 20 chromosomes, how many sister chromatids will be present
during PROPHASE of MITOSIS?
Answer:
92 chromatids
Explanation:
During phosphate, the nuclear envelope of the cell (which is where the 92 chromatids are contained) begins to break down. The centrioles, which are the only present in animal cells, separate and each moves to an opposite end of the cell
Por qué algunas enfermedades se padecen solo una vez?
Answer:
por que a mi saber, cuando te infectas con una enfermedad viral al contagiarte y después sanar tu cuerpo crea anticuerpos que estos asu vez hacen que seas inmune a ese virus y otras veces las enfermedades son erradicadas con la vacunación.
6. The probability that the two offspring you produced share every genotype in common is extremely low. Explain why they are likely to be different.
Answer:
Sexual reproduction is able to generate genetic variation in offspring by 1-independent assortment and 2-recombination during meiosis, and 3-random fertilization.
Explanation:
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that increases the amount of genetic variation in offspring by three main mechanisms: independent assortment of homologous chromosome pairs and recombination during meiosis, and random union of gametes during fertilization. First, sexual reproduction is associated with the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis, i.e., the orientation of homologous chromosome pairs is a random process that is different for every cell that undergoes meiosis. In consequence, chromosomes assort randomly into gametes, thereby the segregation of alleles of a gene pair is independent of the segregation of another set of alleles of a different gene (as stated in the law of independent assortment). Second, sexual reproduction generates genetic variation by recombination, which is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids during meiosis I (prophase I). This genetic process (recombination) is able to generate new alleles in offspring. Third, sexual reproduction also involves the random union of two haploids (n) gametes during fertilization, which results in the formation of a diploid (2n) zygote that develops into a new individual. In humans, the sperm cell has 8 million possible (2²³) chromosome combinations, which fertilizes an ovum cell that also has approximately 8 million chromosome combinations, thereby producing a tremendous genetic variation in offspring (around 64 trillion possible zygote combinations).
how digestion happens in human
Explanation:
The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion. The walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your bloodstream.
Answer :Once foods are broken into small enough parts, your body can absorb and move the nutrients to where they are needed. Your large intestine absorbs water, and the waste products of digestion become stool. Nerves and hormones help control the digestive process.
Below is a mature eukaryotic mRNA transcript. Translate this mRNA into a protein, also showing the tRNA anticodons involved. Make sure you start and end translation in the right place! Label the ends of the polypeptide chain as N and C terminus.
mRNA: 5'GMUUACAUGCGGCUCAGUUGAGGCGAAAAAA 3'
tRNA:
amino acids:
Answer:
mRNA ⇒ 5'GMU UAC AUG CGG CUC AGU UGA GGC GAA AAA A 3'
tRNA ⇒ UAC GCC GAG UCA ACU
protein ⇒ N - MET ARG LEU SER Stop - C
Explanation:
In protein synthesis, the ribosome reads mRNA in the 5´ to 3´ direction, and, according to the codons that are being readen, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. A codon is a short sequence of three nucleotides that store the genetic information for the aminoacids´ assembly. Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule, named anticodon. The other site couples with an amino acid. tRNA allows amino acids to align according to the nucleotidic sequence in the mRNA molecule.
Once the new amino acid links to the growing peptidic chain, the binding between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule breaks. The tRNA is now free to join another amino acid and repeat the cycle.
The protein is synthesized from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus, while the added amino acids to the chain are coded by a codon formed by three bases in the mRNA. mARNs also have a start and end codon that are the signals of the synthesis initiation and finish. When the ribosome reaches the end codon, protein synthesis is over.
Each of the codons represents one of the 20 amino acids used to build the protein. Each amino acid can be codified by more than one codon. From the total 64 codons, 61 codify amino acids, and one of them is a start codon. The left three codons are stopping translation points.
The codons indicating the initiation or stop points during the translation process are:
• The start codon AUG is the most common sequence used by eukaryotic cells and places near the 5´extreme of the molecule.
• The end codons are UAA, UAG, UGA.
Protein synthesis initiates in the AUG start codon -Metionin-, and ends when reaching either of the stop codons UAA, UAG, UGA.
In the exposed example we have the following mRNA.
mRNA ⇒ 5'GMU UAC AUG CGG CUC AGU UGA GGC GAA AAA A 3'
Codons are separated by a space left between them. AUG is the start codon placed near the 5´ extreme. UGA is the end codon near the 3´ extreme. tRNA will add amino acids from the start codon, not before.
tRNA ⇒ UAC GCC GAG UCA ACU
Anticodons are separated by a space left between them.
protein ⇒ N - MET ARG LEU SER Stop - C
Each mRNA codon codifies for an amino acid. The start codon codifies for methionine. AUG = Met, CGG = Arg, CUC = Leu, AGU = Ser, UGA = Stop codon. The amino terminus is represented as an N and the carboxy terminus is a C. The first extreme to be translated carries the amino-terminal group, while the other extreme carries the carboxy-terminus group.
What are three structural differences between animal and plant cells
All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of a living organism and where all life processes are carried out.
Animal cells and plant cells share the common components of a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria and a cell membrane.
Plant cells have three extra components, a vacuole, chloroplast and a cell wall.
In your own words, explain how the precise timing of an element's radioactive decay helps scientists find the actual age of a material? (5 points)
Answer:
Precise time can be studied with the help of amount of carbon in the body. By measuring the amount of carbon in the body scientist can find the actual age of a material
What is the term that refers to a deep divide between tissues of the brain?
Gyrus
fissure
sulcus
fusior
Answer:
fissure!
Explanation:
The false spider mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis, has only two chromosomes. Which of the following pieces of evidence would allow you to determine that this animal is haploid, n=2, and not diploid, 2n=2?
a. If these two mite chromosomes have different genes at different loci.
b. If the somatic cells in these mites undergo mitosis.
c. If these two chromosomes in the mite form tetrads during prophase I.
d. If this mite produces gametes containing only one chromosome each.
Answer:
The correct answer is - a. If these two mite chromosomes have different genes at different loci.
Explanation:
If it is 2n= 2, it means that it is diploid and has two sets of chromosomes in which one set comes from mother and the other from father which means parent's genes contribute to diploid equally. Both sets of chromosomes form homologous chromosome pair. Each homolog of the pair has the same gene at the same loci in diploid and if it has not the same homologous gene at the same loci these are haploid.
why do the Philippines have generally warm temperature throughout the year?a. it is near the sun b.it has many volcanoes c. it lies near the equator d. it has many islands.what is the correct answer?
Answer:
C. it lies near the equator
5. The major functions of carbohydrates irſclude
A. Structure framework. B. Storage C. Both Aan B
D . None of these
Answer:
D
Explanation:
used to provide energy to the body
Individuals with premutation length repeats in FMR1 may have some of the phenotypes of Fragile X but not others, which is _____________; for example, some individuals may have cognitive deficiencies, while others might have late onset ataxia. In addition, some individuals will have no phenotypes of the condition at all, due to ____________.
Answer:
variable expressivity; incomplete penetrance
Explanation:
In genetics, variable expressivity refers to the fact that individuals having the same alleles/genes/genotype associated with a particular genetic condition may exhibit different clinical features of this condition. In general, variable expressivity is due to the combination of both genetic and environmental factors. An example of variable expressivity is the Marfan syndrome, where all individuals with this disorder have a dominant mutation in the FBN1 (fibrillin 1) gene and show different degrees of the same phenotype. Moreover, incomplete penetrance (also known as reduced penetrance) refers to the complete absence of a genetic trait or disease in individuals having alleles/genes/genotype associated with the condition. In consequence, individuals with incomplete penetrance do not develop features of the disease. An example of incomplete penetrance is given by those individuals with mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes (associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer) that do not develop cancer.
Any muscle helping the main muscle accomplish its action
Two of the five types of taste buds are activated by directly hypopolarizing the taste buds; i.e. do not involve a second-messenger pathway. The tastes that activate these receptors are:
Answer: salty and sour
Explanation:
Taste buds consist of the taste receptor cells and they're the nerve endings on the tongue that provide the sense of taste.
Based on the information given, the tastes that activate these receptors are salty and sour. The tastes depolarize the cell receptor directly.
Genes:
A. in plants exist only in some individuals
B. they determine the structural and functional characteristics of each individual
C. they determine only the functional characteristics of each individual
D. they determine only the characteristics structural of each individual
E. do not exist in prokaryotes
Answer:
B. They determine the structural and functional characteristics of each individual
Explanation:
Genes are present in all plants and in all prokaryotes, so answer choices A and E are incorrect. Genes are present in all living things.
Genes do determine the structural characteristics of each individual, but they also determine the functional characteristics.
Structure, which is controlled by genes, directly affects function. For example, a gene could code for a specific protein's structure, which will in turn give it a specific function.
So, the correct answer is B.
Upon completion of seeding a flower and a vegetable, research and identify the optimum propagation conditions, such as, water and light demand, appropriate temperature, and, other elements that may affect the germination from seeding. Compare your research findings with your existing conditions. If any discrepancies found, address how you would like to mitigate. Describe the entire process in your weekly lab report journal. Add photos, sketches or other supplementary information, if necessary.
Answer:
Needs optimum environmental conditions.
Explanation:
Seedling, a flower and a vegetable needs suitable conditions for growth and development. All of the three stages of plant life cycle requires optimum water, fertilizers and light intensity in order to grow and develop at full speed. Seeds need a specific temperature in order to germinate. Most seeds germinate when the soil temperature is between 68 and 86 Fahrenheit. In the same way the plant also needs specific temperature for bearing flowers. All the stages requires optimum water in the soil for absorption.
What process adds carbon dioxide to the air?
O nitrogen cycle
O water cycle
O respiration
O photosynthesis
Answer:
Respiration
Explanation:
During respiration, oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is given out.
During photosynthesis, carbon dioxidr is taken in and oxygen is released.
During water cycle, water vapour is released.
During nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is released
Answer:
Respiration or C
Explanation:
The protein salmon has an isoelectric point of 12.1. Suppose you did a pH titration of a solution containing salmon. At what pH will the protein aggregate
Answer:
The correct answer is - 12.1.
Explanation:
In the case of the same isoelectric point of protein and the pH value of the solution, it is the only condition when aggregation of proteins takes place.
When there is intrinsically disordered proteins or misfolded proteins aggregates known as the protein aggregate. So for the first aggregation takes place at pH= 12.1.
animals with scales on skin are called?
Answer:
Animals with scales on their skin are called reptiles..hope it helps
stay safe healthy and happy...The ability of the human body to break down the red color in beets is controlled by an autosomal dominant allele. The inability is recessive, detected by red coloration of the urine (we will call this phenotype 'secretor'). If a nonsecretor woman with a secretor father has children with a nonsecretor man who in a previous relationship had a secretor daughter, what is the probability that their first child will be...
Solution :
It is given that a woman is a nonsecretor but the father of that woman is a secretor. It means that the father's genotype is recessive, i.e. "ss".
The genotype of the nonsecretor mother would be Ss, who have received one recessive allele from her father.
Now the nonsecretor man have a secretor daughter from his previous marriage. That means that he is a carrier nd his genotype is Ss.
Now, we can cross between the heterozygous parents (Ss x Ss) will have offspring with the following genotypes :
1 SS -- Nonsecretor
2 Ss -- Nonsecretor
1 ss -- secretor
Thus the probability that their first child will be :
a). a secretor girl
[tex]$=\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{1}{8}$[/tex]
b). Non secretor girl
[tex]$=\frac{3}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{3}{8}$[/tex]
c). a secretor boy
[tex]$=\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{1}{8}$[/tex]
explain what it means to view something from a frae of reference. provide an example that illustrate your explanation.
Answer:
ex. where you are standing now
a perspective that one uses to determine if an object is moving.
Explanation:
in physics, a frame of reference, or reference frame, is a perspective that one uses to determine if an object is moving. ... For example, when you see a ball roll down a street, you can tell the ball is moving because the frame of reference is the streets, whatever may be on the side of the roads, or the Earth.
wikipedia
Why is it important that saline solution has a specific concentration when a person is put on an IV drip of saline?
Answer:
Doctors utilize IV saline for refilling lost fluids, flushing wounds, providing medication, and maintaining patients through surgery, dialysis, and chemical treatment. As a fashionable therapy, Saline IVs even found a space outside the hospital.
"There are significant quantities of sodium and chloride, higher than blood levels.
Explanation:
The solution of sodium chloride-water, generally known as saline, is the saline solution. It is the intravenous fluid most usually used. It was utilized since the early decades of the 19th century and is used annually in the United States alone with more than 200 million liters.
Though about 60 percent of the body consists of water, it is not possible to inject water into the blood alone, because the blood could lead to the depletion of important electrolytes.
Direct water injection into the bloodstream would likewise lead to the blood cells' osmotic impact.
Blood cells, which are predominantly salty, will take water and cause it to expand quickly until the cell membrane breaks down. The content of the cells would then leak into the plasma. A substantial proportion of body cells can be damaged to death. Death can result.
There would be no permanent harm to a little amount of water injected into the blood directly. The bigger the number of cells injured, in essence, the more water injects into the circulation.
Water is blended in a solution in sodium and chlorine at approximately the same concentration as blood plasma to avoid damages caused by pure distilled water on blood cells. The outcome is that the solution splits the circulating volume with the cellular fluid and becomes an integral part of the circulating volume without a detrimental influence on blood cells.
n
Mauna Loa is the most active volcano on Earth.
O True
O False
h
Answer:
it's "True"
Mauna Loa is the most active volcano on Earth
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Because A^2+B^2=C^2
When a G protein is activated in a signal transduction pathway,
A. GDP is released from the G protein, and GTP occupies the nucleotide-binding site.
B. GTP is released from the G protein, and GDP occupies the nucleotide-binding site.
C. cGMP occupies the otherwise empty nucleotide-binding site on the G protein.
D. cGMP leaves the otherwise occupied nucleotide-binding site on the G protein.
E. GDP causes a conformational change in the G protein.
Answer:
execute
Explanation:
because I don't know
Brain researchers have found wider surface fissures, enlarged ventricles, and atrophy of the brain areas for regulating motivation, emotion, attention, actions, and perception in persons suffering from:________
a. bipolar disorder.
b. schizophrenia.
c. multiple personalities.
d. conversion disorders.
Answer:
B. Schizophrenia
Explanation:
yes
A true reversion occurs when the wild-type DNA sequence is restored to encode its original message by a second mutation at the same site or within the same codon. Which of the following isoleucine codon(s) could be mutated once to form a methionine codon, and then mutated at a second site to restore an isoleucine codon?
A. AUC.
B. AUU.
C. AUA.
D. None of these codons.
Answer:
The correct answer is option d- none of these.
Explanation:
The genetic code for methionne is AUG and genetic code for isoleucine are AUC, AUA, AUU. As we can see that there are first two codons are similar for both methionine and isoleucine.
So mutation at to any other site other than third psostion not possible that can convert isoleucine to methionine and this same mutation site is the only mutation position mutation can revere back methionine to isoleucine.
Thus, none of the given can restore an isoleucine codon.
