Burning 2.00 mol of hydrogen releases 483.6 kJ of energy. Determine how much energy, in kilojoules, must be supplied to convert 3.00 mol of water vapor into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
The amount of heat energy (in KJ) needed to convert 3 moles of water vapor into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is 1450.8 KJ
Balanced equationWe'll begin by writing the balanced equation. This is illustrated below:
2H₂ + O₂ --> 2H₂O ΔH = 483.6 KJ
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of water (H₂O) required 483.6 KJ to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
How to determine the heat energy needed to convert 3 moles of water to hydrogen gas and oxygen gasThe heat energy needed to convert 3 moles of water can be obtained as illustrated below:
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of water (H₂O) required 483.6 KJ to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
Therefore,
3 moles of water (H₂O) will require = 3 × 483.6 = 1450.8 KJ to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
Thus, we can conclude that the energy needed to convert 3 moles of water is 1450.8 KJ
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A student investigated the enthalpy of combustion (deltaHc) of methanol under standard conditions using the apparatus shown in the diagram. The measurements the student recorded are shown in the table. Use this information to answer the questions below.
_Clamp stand
_
_ _I__Thermometer
_ I I Beaker
_ I-----I
_ I___I Water
_ I Wick
_ -----
_ I I
_ ----- Alcohol
_ I __I
______________
Alcohol mass before burning: 80.6g
Alcohol mass after burning: 75.9g
Water heated: 100g
Methanol Mr: 32
Initial temperature of water: 21.5 C
Final temperature of water: 32.4 C
Enthalpy of combustion of 1 mole of methanol:
The student wanted to know if the value obtained in part 1 is similar to that calculated using average bond enthalpy data.
a) Using the balanced equation and the data in the table below, calculate the theoretical enthalpy of combustion.
Note: you will need to include the enthalpy of vaporisation for the liquid components which are also given.
CH3OH(l) + 1.5O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
Average Bond Enthalpies KJmol-1
C-H 412
C-C 348
C-O 358
O=O 496
C=O 743
O-H 463
Enthalpy of vaporisation KJmol-1
Methanol 35
Water 41
b) Suggest some reasons as to why this value is different to the one obtained in the practical. (What are the reasons that the the theoretical and actual enthalpy changes are different)
The Molar enthalpy of combustion of methanol obtained from the practical is -31.02 kJ/mol.
The molar enthalpy of combustion from bond energies, ΔH is -543 kJ/mol
The differences in the values could be due to:
Heat losses from the calorimeter to the surroundingsInaccurate measurements of mass and temperature changesWhat is the enthalpy theoretical and actual enthalpy of combustion of methanol?The actual enthalpy of combustion of methanol is calculated from the data obtained from the laboratory work.
The enthalpy of combustion is equal to the heat energy given off from the combustion of methanol.
Quantity of heat gained by water , q = -mcθ
where:
m = massc = specific heat capacityθ = temperature changemass of water heated = 100 g
specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g/°C
temperature change = 32.4°C - 21.5°C = 10.9°C
q = -(100 * 4.18 * 10.9) J
q = - 4556.2 J
moles of methanol reacted = mass/molar mass
mass of methanol = 80.6 - 75.9 = 4.7 g
molar mass of methanol = 32 g/mol
moles of methanol = 4.7/32 = 0.14687 moles
Molar enthalpy of combustion of methanol = -4556.2 J/0.14687 mole
Molar enthalpy of combustion of methanol = -31.02 kJ/mol
Calculating molar enthalpy of combustion from bond energies:
ΔH = sum of the bond energies of bonds broken - sum of the bond energies of the bonds formedSum of bond energies of bonds broken = (3 * 412) + 358 + 463 + (1.5 * 496) + 35 = 2836 kJ/mol
Sum of bond energies of bonds formed = (2 * 743) + 2(2 * 463) + 41 = 3379 kJ/mol
ΔH = 2836 kJ/mol - 3379 kJ/mol
ΔH = -543 kJ/mol
The value obtained from the practical is less than that from the bond energies
b. The possible reasons for the difference in value obtained from the practical is less than that from the bond energies include:
Heat losses from the calorimeter to the surroundingsInaccurate measurements of mass and temperature changes.In conclusion, the molar enthalpy of combustion of methanol is negative since heat is given off during the reaction.
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What is the oxidation state of oxygen (O) in the reactant O2(g)?
Answer:0
Explanation:
Since oxygen gas i.e., diatomic oxygen exists in the atmosphere in the free state, hence the oxidation state of each atom will be 0
Can someone please help me identify these functional groups? Please it’s extremely urgent
Answer:
See the image below for he circled and labeled functional groups.
*Keep in mind that all of the molecules technically contain alkanes.
1. A cell must continuously sort useful materials from its waste products and then remove or recycle the waste. One way a cell does this is to first put tiny tags on proteins that are no longer needed. These tags, which are small polypeptide chains 76 amino acids long, are called ubiquitin.
2. Ubiquitin tags direct proteins to compartments of the cell called proteasomes. Within each proteasome, ubiquitin-tagged proteins are deconstructed into their component amino acids. These pieces can be repurposed to build new proteins.
3. Sometimes organs stop processing waste effectively, allowing the waste to pile up and contributing to many diseases. Alzheimer's disease, for example, includes piles of waste proteins in the brain called tangles, while Parkinson's disease involves the accumulation of recyclable material into Lewy bodies. Mallory bodies are piles of waste proteins common in liver disease. These piles, known generically as inclusions, can be identified under the microscope because they are covered in tiny ubiquitin tags.
4. A problem in the breakdown of ubiquitin-tagged proteins may be one cause of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. In this disease, a protein called ataxin-1 has an abnormal genetic mutation, and ubiquitin is able to attach to the mutant protein. Scientists believe that the mutated protein cannot be chopped up by the proteasome because of its shape, so ubiquitin-tagged ataxin-1 starts to accumulate, which leads to cell death. The cells most affected by this genetic mutation are neurons in a part of the brain associated with motor control and the spinal cord. So, a person with mutant ataxin-1 progressively loses muscle control as these cells die.
Which phrase describes the purpose of ubiguitin
A. to tag waste proteins for recycling in the proteasomes
B. to create small polypeptide chains that are 76 amino acids long
C. to create inclusions that can be identified under the microscope
D. to attach to mutant proteins so that they can accumulate In the cell
If proteins contain mutations, the proteins often do not maintain the proper shape and are unable to perform their functions. Properly functioning proteins are essential to maintaining healthy organisms.
Which statement describes the overall consequence of proteins containing mutations like those described in the passage?
A. Wastes will build up and will be reassembled to build new proteins.
B. Wastes will build up, and Mallory bodies will accumulate in the liver.
C. Wastes will build up in cells and will eventually be excreted from each cell.
D. Wastes will build up in vital organs, and the organism will experience disease.
Why do individuals with spinocerebellar ataxia experience loss of muscle control, even though the ataxin-1 protein builds up only In the brain and spinal cord?
A. Inclusions can build up in all body systems and can cause debilitating effects.
B. Genetic mutations in the ataxin-1 protein cause muscular proteins to change shape.
C. When the ubiquitin tagging system does not work effectively, cellular waste can build up in the muscles.
D. The neurons affected by the ataxin-1 protein buildup are in a region of the brain that manages muscle control.
Based on the role of ubiquitin in protein deconstruction as stated in the passage, the correct options are as follows:
to tag waste proteins for recycling in the proteasomes; option A.Wastes will build up in vital organs, and the organism will experience disease; option Dthe neurons affected by the ataxin-1 protein buildup are in a region of the brain that manages muscle control; option D.What are phrases?
Phrases refers to a group of words which contains a verb but which on their own do not make complete sense.
In the description of the role of Ubiquitin, it is described as a small polypeptide chain containing 76 amino acids. The main tole of ubiquitin is to tag proteins for deconstruction in the proteasomes.
Therefore, the phrase describes the purpose of ubiquitin is to tag waste proteins for recycling in the proteasomes; option A.
Based on the passage, the statement that describes the overall consequence of proteins containing mutations is: Wastes will build up in vital organs, and the organism will experience disease; option D
Individuals with spinocerebellar ataxia experience loss of muscle control, even though the ataxin-1 protein builds up only in the brain and spinal cord because the neurons affected by the ataxin-1 protein buildup are in a region of the brain that manages muscle control; option D.
In conclusion, mutations in ubiquitin-tagged proteins will result in accumulation in the body since they cannot be deconstructed in the proteasomes.
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Consider the calculation of the pressure in kilopascals exerted by 1.25 g of nitrogen gas in a flask of volume 250 mL (0.250 dm3) at 20°C. The amount of N2 molecules (of molar mass M 28.02 g mol 1) present is
The amount of the nitrogen gas, N₂ molecules present is 2.68×10²² molecules
Avogadro's hypothesis1 mole of N₂ = 6.02×10²³ molecules
How to determine the mole of N₂We'll begin by calculating the number of mole of N₂. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of N₂ = 1.25 gMolar mass of N₂ = 28.02 g/molMole of N₂ =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of N₂ = 1.25 / 28.02
Mole of N₂ = 0.0446 mole
How to determine the molecules of N₂ presentFrom Avogadro's hypothesis,
1 mole of N₂ = 6.02×10²³ molecules
Therefore,
0.0446 mole N₂ = 0.0446 × 6.02×10²³
0.0446 mole N₂ = 2.68×10²² molecules
Thus, the molecules of N₂ present is 2.68×10²² molecules
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Determine which substance in the following pair has the greater tendency to be oxidized.
Li or K
Potassium (K) has the greater tendency to be oxidized when compared to Lithium (Li).
What is oxidation?Oxidation is a chemical process triggered by the reaction between an compound and an oxidizing agent. The agent is what gains electrons and undergoes reduction, causing what is called oxidation.
With that being said, as you go down the alkali metal group, the ionisation energy decreases. The tendency of an atom to give its electron (or get oxidised) increases. Therefore, potassium oxidises more easily than lithium or in other words, potassium has a lesser tendency to get reduced compared to lithium.
As lithium has a higher tendency to get reduced than potassium, lithium gets deposited instead of potassium.
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The graph shows the amount of a gaseous product formed over time during two trials of a reaction. A different concentration of a reactant was used during each trial while other factors were kept constant.
A graph is shown with two graph lines sloping upwards. The title on the x axis is Time and the title on the y axis is Amount of Product. The graph line with a steeper slope is labeled Trial 2 and the other is labeled Trial 1.
Which of the following statements explains which trial has a higher concentration of the reactant?
Trial 1, because the final amount of product formed is higher.
Trial 1, because this reaction lasted for a longer duration than Trial 2.
Trial 2, because this reaction was initially fast and slowed down later.
Trial 2, because the amount of product formed per unit time is higher.
Trial 1 has a lower concentration of the reactant because the because the average rate of the reaction is lower.
What is a reaction?The term reaction has to do with the combination of reactants in order to yield products. Now we know that the reaction profile is used to show the interaction that exists between the reactants and the products.
The y-axis of the graph is for the amount while the x axis of the graph is the reaction time. The rate of reaction is the time taken for a given amount of products to appear or for a given amount of reactants to disappear.
Thus, from the graph, we can see that trial 1 has a lower concentration of the reactant because the because the average rate of the reaction is lower.
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Answer: D, Trial 2, because the amount of product formed per unit time is higher.
Explanation:
If the concentration is higher, more reactions can occur, causing more product.
Which of the following sets of elements could replace the generic "X" symbol with their own to produce a valid dot notation for the element(s)?
Select one:
a.
carbon, silicon, and germanium
b.
oxygen, sulfur, and selenium
c.
boron, aluminum, and gallium
d.
nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic
Symbol "X" represents Nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic.as they have five valence electrons in their valance shell.
What is a Lewis notation?A Lewis form is a completely simplified illustration of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. it's miles used to expose how the electrons are organized round man or woman atoms in a molecule. Electrons are proven as dots or for bonding electrons as a line between the 2 atoms.
Lewis systems, also known as electron-dot structures or electron-dot diagrams, are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, and the lone pairs of electrons that can exist within the molecule.A Lewis form is based totally at the idea of the octet rule, wherein atoms percentage electrons in order that every atom has 8 electrons in its outer shell. for example, an oxygen atom has six electrons in its outer shell.
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A tire has a pressure of 1.8 atm at 20 degrees Celsius. At the end of a long trip, the tire pressure increased to 2.0 atm. What was the temperature of the air inside the tire (in degrees Celsius)?
Answer:
52.57 Celsius
Explanation:
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Gay-Lussac's law
P1/T1 = P2/T2
pressure 1 / temperature1 = pressure2 / temperature2
temperature has to be in kelvin
20 degrees Celsius is 293.15
1.8 / 293.15 = 2.0 / temperature2
1.8 / 293.15 = 2.0 / x
293.15 * 2.0 = 586.3
586.3 divided by 1.8 =
325.722222222 kelvin which is
52.57222222200005 Celsius
chemlibretextsorg
Given the following reaction: 2 NO(g) + O2(g) <--> 2 NO2(g), what is the equilibrium constant (K), if the concentrations at equilibrium are [NO] = 0.0542 M, [O2] = 0.127 M, and [NO2] = 15.5 M?
Group of answer choices
A. K = 2.35 x 102
B. K = 2.54 x 10-1
C. K = 6.44 x 105
D. K = 3.4 x 103
The equilibrium constant of a reaction, [tex]K_{c}[/tex] = 6.44 * 10⁵; option C.
What is equilibrium constant of a reaction?Equilibrium constant, [tex]K_{c}[/tex] of a reaction is a measure of the ratio of the equilibrium concentration of the products of a reaction, to the equilibrium concentration of the reactants; with each concentration raised to the exponent corresponding to the coefficient in the balanced equation of the reaction.
[tex]K_{c} = \frac{(products)^{a}}{(reactants)^{b}}[/tex]
The balanced equation of the given reaction is as follows:
2 NO (g) + O₂ (g) ⇄ 2 NO₂ (g)The concentrations at equilibrium of the species are as follows:
[NO] = 0.0542 M,
[O₂] = 0.127 M, and
[NO₂] = 15.5 M
Equilibrium constant, [tex]K_{c}[/tex] = (15.5)²/(0.127) * (0.0542)²
[tex]K_{c}[/tex] = 6.44 * 10⁵
In conclusion, the equilibrium constant of a reaction, tells on in which direction, the reaction is favored at equilibrium.
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Question 6
How many mole of potassium hydroxide are in 27.5 mL of 0.250 M
potassium hydroxide solution?
Answer:
0.00688 moles
Explanation:
The molarity ratio looks like this:
Molarity = moles / volume (L)
After you convert mL to L, you can plug the values into the equation and simplify to find moles.
27.5 mL / 1,000 = 0.0275 L
Molarity = moles / volume <----- Molarity ratio
0.250 M = moles / 0.0275 L <----- Insert values
0.00688 = moles <----- Multiply both sides by 0.0275
Which of the following chemical equations depicts a balanced chemical reaction?
A. 2H₂ +202-> H₂O
B. 2H₂ +202-> 2H₂O
C. H₂ + O2-> H₂O
D. 2H₂ + O₂-> 2H₂O
Answer:
D.) 2 H₂ + O₂ -----> 2 H₂O
Explanation:
An equation is balanced when there is an equal amount of each element on both sides of the reaction. If these amounts are unequal, coefficients can be added to modify the amount of particular molecules.
A.) Not balanced
2 H₂ + 2 O₂ -----> H₂O
Reactants: 4 hydrogen, 4 oxygen
Products: 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen
B.) Not balanced
2 H₂ + 2 O₂ -----> 2 H₂O
Reactants: 4 hydrogen, 4 oxygen
Products: 4 hydrogen, 2 oxygen
C.) Not balanced
H₂ + O₂ -----> H₂O
Reactants: 2 hydrogen, 2 oxygen
Products: 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen
D.) Balanced
2 H₂ + O₂ -----> 2 H₂O
Reactants: 4 hydrogen, 2 oxygen
Products: 4 hydrogen, 2 oxygen
Can someone please convert this for brainiest answer
2.4 x 10^24 atoms c to grams
Answer:
48 g C
Explanation:
To find the grams, you need to (1) convert atoms to moles (using Avogadro's Number) and then (2) convert moles to grams (using atomic mass). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 2 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value.
Avogadro's Number:
6.022 x 10²³ atoms = 1 mole
Atomic Mass (C): 12.011 g/mol
2.4 x 10²⁴ atoms C 1 mole 12.011 g
----------------------------- x -------------------------------- x --------------- = 48 g C
6.022 x 10²³ atoms 1 mole
what is oxidized and what is reduced
C2H4 + 2O2 → 2CO + 2H2O
C2H4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O
C2H4 is oxidized and O2 is reduced in both reactions.
What is oxidation/reduction?Oxidation is defined in several ways. Some of the definitions are:
The addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogenIncrease in the oxidation number of atomsAddition of electronegative or the removal of electropositive elementsReduction, on the other hand, is defined as:
Removal of oxygen or addition of hydrogenDecrease in the oxidation number of atomsAddition of electropositive elements or the removal of electronegative elements.In the two reactions, oxygen is being added to C2H4. Thus, C2H4 is being oxidized.
The oxidizing agent is O2. In oxidation reactions, the oxidizing agents usually get reduced. Thus, O2 is reduced in both reactions.
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OMG PLEASE HELP!! THIS IS IMPORTANT!!
which statements describe the cell membrane? Check all that apply
A.) The cell membrane is very selective.
B.) The cell membrane lets anything enter the cell.
C.) The cell membrane lets anything leave the cell.
D.) The cell membrane is protective layer surrounding a cell.
E.) The cell membrane allows waste to leave the cell.
Answer:
The cell membrane is protective layer surrounding a cell.
Answer:
options D is correct
....hope it helps you
Determine the concentration of a solution (M) made by dissolving 18.8 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 750.0 mL of solution.
Answer:
0.429 M
Explanation:
To find the molarity, you need to (1) convert grams to moles (using the molar mass), then (2) convert mL to L, and then (3) calculate the molarity (using the molarity ratio).
(Step 1)
Molar Mass (NaCl): 22.990 g/mol + 35.453 g/mol
Molar Mass (NaCl): 58.443 g/mol
18.8 grams NaCl 1 mole
-------------------------- x ------------------------ = 0.322 moles NaCl
58.443 grams
(Step 2)
1,000 mL = L
750.0 mL 1 L
------------------ x ----------------- = 0.7500 L
1,000 mL
(Step 3)
Molarity (M) = moles / volume (L)
Molarity = 0.332 moles / 0.7500 L
Molarity = 0.429 M
help! awarding 20 points
a. The circulatory system in fish is one-directional while it is two-directional in humans.
b. P has a high concentration of carbon dioxide and low oxygen concentration whereas Q has high oxygen concentration and low carbon dioxide concentration.
What is the circulatory system?The circulatory system is the system of organism and tissues which help to transport blood and other fluids through the body of a living organism.
The organs of the circulatory system include:
The heartThe blood vessels - veins, arteries, capillariesa. In the given diagram sowing the circulatory system of man and the fish, it can be seen that the direction of blood flow in the fish is one way through the heart. However, in humans, the direction of blood flow is two-way through the heart.
b. The gas in P has a high concentration of carbon dioxide and low oxygen concentration. However, the gas flowing through Q has high oxygen concentration and low carbon dioxide concentration.
In conclusion, the circulatory system is important in the exchange of gases in the body.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a colligative property?
Group of answer choices
A. Salt is added to ice to make homemade ice cream.
B. Salt is added to roads before a snow storm.
C. Antifreeze is added to a radiator of a car.
D. Salt water dehydrates someone that drinks it.
D. The option that is NOT an example of a colligative property is salt water dehydrates someone that drinks it.
What is colligative property?
Colligative properties are the physical changes that result from adding solute to a solvent.
Colligative Properties depend on how many solute particles are present as well as the solvent amount, but they do NOT depend on the type of solute particles, although do depend on the type of solvent.
One important thing to note is that colligative property is going to change the melting point or the boiling point of a substance.
Thus, the option that is NOT an example of a colligative property is salt water dehydrates someone that drinks it.
The correct option is D.
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Predict and Balance the following reaction:
Na + H2O →
Group of answer choices
A. 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
B. No Reaction Occurs
C. Na + H2O → NaOH2
D. 2Na + H2O → Na2O + H2
A. The balanced chemical reaction of Sodium metal and Water is 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂.
What is a balanced chemical equation?A balanced equation contains the same number of each type of atoms on both the left and right sides of the reaction arrow.
Reaction of Sodium metal and WaterSodium metal reacts rapidly with water to form a colourless solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2).
The balanced chemical reaction is written below;
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
Thus, the balanced chemical reaction of Sodium metal and Water is 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂.
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Which of the following sets of elements could replace the generic "X" symbol with their own to produce a valid dot notation for the element(s)?
Select one:
a.
carbon, silicon, and germanium
b.
oxygen, sulfur, and selenium
c.
boron, aluminum, and gallium
d.
nitrogen, phosphorus and arseni
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Because of their valence electron
Carbon, Silicon and germanium has 4 as their valence electron
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic can replace the generic "X" symbol as they have five valence electrons in their outer shell.
What is a dot notation?A Lewis electron-dot symbol or dot notation is a way of representing the valence electrons of an atom using dots around the symbol of the element. The dots are equivalent to the valence electrons in an atom These dots are arranged on the left and right and above and below the symbol No more than two dots are arranged on a sideWhat are the valence electrons?Valence electrons are the electrons that are positioned in the outermost shell of an atomThey are the farthest from the nucleus and hence least tightly held electrons by the nucleusValence electrons of an atom participate in the bond and reaction and hence, they determine the reactivity of an element.Thus, nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic replace the X symbol as they 5 valence electrons in their outermost shell and produce a valid dot notation.
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Question: Which of the following sets of elements could replace the generic "X" symbol with their own to produce a valid dot notation for the element(s)?
Select one:
a. carbon, silicon, and germanium
b. oxygen, sulfur, and selenium
c. boron, aluminum, and gallium
d. nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic
find the solubility of agcl in a 0.1M solution of cucl2.
ksp = 1.8x10^-10
The solubility of AgCl is 18 × [tex]10^-^1^0[/tex] in a 0.1M solution of CuCl₂.
The amount of a substance that can dissolve completely in a solvent at a specific temperature is known as its solubility. A saturated solution is one such example.
The maximum number of moles per liter of solution can be dissolved before the solution becomes saturated.
The equilibrium in the saturated solution will be as :
[tex]AgCl[/tex] ⇄ [tex]Ag ^+ + Cl ^-[/tex]
[tex]a[/tex] [tex]a[/tex] [tex]a[/tex]
[tex]CuCl_2[/tex] ⇄ [tex]Cu^2^+ + Cl^-[/tex]
[tex]0.1[/tex] [tex]0.1[/tex] [tex]0.1[/tex]
Ksp = [tex]1.8[/tex] × [tex]10^ -^1^0[/tex]
The solubility product constant: Ksp is the equilibrium constant for the dissolving of an ionic compound in water. Ksp is a function of temperature.
[tex]ksp AgCl = [ Ag ^+ ] [ Cl^-]\\[/tex]
[tex]= a[/tex]×[tex][ a + 0.1][/tex]
[tex]= a^2 + 0.1a[/tex]
[tex]a^2[/tex] is very small, so it is neglected.
ksp AgCl = 0.1a
[tex]1.8[/tex] × [tex]10^ -^1^0[/tex] = 0.1a
a = 18 × [tex]10^-^1^0[/tex]
Therefore, the solubility of AgCl is 18 × [tex]10^-^1^0[/tex].
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Toluene contains a benzene ring with three double bonds in it,but still does not show any signs of undergoing a reaction with bromine solution.Why?
Toluene does not undergo reaction with bromine water due to aromatic stabilization.
What is addition reaction?The term addition reaction refers to a type of reaction in which atoms or groups are added across the double bond. This type of reaction is common to alkenes and alkynes. By this reaction, unsaturated compounds are reduced to their saturated monologues.
We know that due to aromatic stabilization, compounds that contain the aromatic sextet do not undergo addition reaction such as the addition of bromine. Rather, what occurs in such systems is a substitution reaction under appropriate conditions.
It then follows that toluene does not undergo reaction with bromine water due to aromatic stabilization.
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Line p has an equation of y= – 8x+6. Line q, which is perpendicular to line p, includes the point (2, – 2). What is the equation of line q?
The equation of line q is determined as y = ¹/₈x - ⁹/₄.
What is slope?The slope of a line is the change in y axis to change in x axis.
Slope of line Py = – 8x + 6
from general line equation, y = mx + c
where;
m is slopem = - 8
Slope of line qm₂ = -1/m
m₂ = -1/-8
m₂ = 1/8
Equation of line q(y - y₁) / (x - x₁) = m₂
(y + 2)/(x - 2) = 1/8
y + 2 = ¹/₈(x - 2)
y + 2 = ¹/₈x - ¹/₄
y = ¹/₈x - ⁹/₄
Thus, the equation of line q is determined as y = ¹/₈x - ⁹/₄.
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how do scientists believe that chloroplasts got into photosynthetic cells?
The development of chloroplast is thought to occur through endosymbiosis.
According to the endosymbiosis, some of the organelles found in modern eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, were previously prokaryotic microorganisms. A non-photosynthetic creature acquired one photosynthetic cell, and the chloroplast was subsequently created.
An organelle known as a chloroplast is crucial to the process of photosynthesis in plants. It contains pigments like chlorophyll and other pigments that are in charge of capturing sunlight. Since each chloroplast has two membranes, other organelles such as mitochondria are referred to as double-membrane organelles. It is believed that cyanobacterial endosymbiosis played a role in the genesis of the chloroplast. Prokaryotic organisms like cyanobacteria have the capacity to prepare their food through the process of photosynthesis.
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Answer:what’s the answerr
Explanation:
Consider the following reaction at 298K.
I2 (s) + 2 Cr2+ (aq) 2 I- (aq) + 2 Cr3+ (aq)
Which of the following statements are correct?
Choose all that apply.
n = 4 mol electrons
Eo cell < 0
delta G^o < 0
The reaction is reactant-favored.
K > 1
The true statements are;
ΔG < 0K > 1What are the correct statements?Now we can see that the reaction here is a redox reaction. Thus;
Eocell = cell potential = 0.54 - (-0.41) = 0.95 V
K = equilibrium constant = ?
n = number of moles of electrons = 2
ΔG = change in free energy = ?
Hence;
Eocell = 0.0592/n log K
0.95 = 0.0592/2 log K
K = 0.95 * 2/0.0592
K = 1.2 * 10^32
Now
ΔG = -nFEcell
ΔG = - (2 * 96500 * 0.95)
ΔG = -183.3kJ
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What is the component concentration ratio, [CH3COO−]/[CH3COOH], of a buffer that has a pH of 4.650? (Ka of CH3COOH = 1.8 × 10−5)
Answer:
Refer to the attached page,
I've done the calculation over there
What volume of hydrogen (in L) is produced
from the complete reaction of 56.49 g of
magnesium metal at STP?
(Mg = 24.30 g/mol)
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
Hint: 1 mole of gas at STP occupies 22.4 L
Answer:
52.07 L H₂
Explanation:
Before you can find the volume of H₂, you need to find the moles of H₂. To do this, you need to (1) convert grams Mg to moles (via the atomic mass) and then (2) convert moles Mg to moles H₂ (via the mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients).
Atomic Mass (Mg): 24.30 g/mol
1 Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ---> MgCl₂(aq) + 1 H₂(g)
^ ^
56.49 g Mg 1 mole 1 mole H₂
------------------- x ----------------- x -------------------- = 2.32 moles H₂
24.30 g 1 mole Mg
Now that you know the moles of H₂, you need to determine the volume at STP. To do this, you need to set up a proportion comparing the mole value versus the volume. Then, you can cross-multiply to solve for the unknown volume. The final answer should have 4 sig figs to match the given values.
1 mole 2.32 moles
-------------- = -------------------- <----- Set up proportion
22.4 L ? L
(1 mole) x ? L = 52.07 <----- Cross-multiply
? L = 52.07 <----- Divide both sides by 1 mole
Explain the scientific meaning and use of the word "transformation".
Transformation in chemistry is scientifically used to explain the process of changing one compound to another in a chemical reaction.
What is transformation?The word "transformation" has a very special significance in chemistry. We know that in English, to transform would simply imply to change from one form to another. This is not quite far from its meaning in the parlance of chemistry.
The word transformation is normally applied in the area of chemical reactions especially as it has to do with reaction with in organic chemistry. It has to do with the change from one molecule to another and this is of great importance in the discussion of synthetic chemistry.
As such, the word transformation in chemistry is scientifically used to explain the process of changing one compound to another in a chemical reaction.
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Classify H3PO4 as a strong acid or a weak acid.
Answer:
H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) is weak acid
Explanation:
This is because weak acid is an acid that ionizes only slightly in an aqueous solution.
