which vessel is highlighted?internal carotid artery external jugular vein vertebral artery internal jugular vein
It is an vertebral artery. The brain and spine are supplied with blood through the vertebral arteries there in neck.
The term vertebral describes the location of the arteries along the vertebrae, or spine bones. There are two vertebral arteries that flow through the spinal column, one on each side. A stroke occurs when the subsequent loss of brain function is irreversible (an infarction or brain attack).
A stroke can be caused by a blood clot in the vertebral or anterior artery or by a particle of plaque (embolus) breaking off and traveling downstream, blocking a portion of both the blood supply to the brain. Blood penetrates between vertebral artery layers during a dissection, resulting in decreased blood flow.
This can result in a stroke, headache and vertigo, vision difficulties, and a variety of other neurological problems. The vertebral artery carries blood to the vertebrae of the neck, the upper spinal column, and the region surrounding the exterior of the skull. It also transports blood to two critical areas of the brain: the behind fossa and or the occipital lobes.
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Two types of mutations in the gene encoding phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase, or prs, have been observed. one mutation alters the regulatory site on the enzyme, whereas the other mutation alters the promoter of the enzyme. both mutations result in increased prs activity. how will the two different mutations in prs affect the transition between the r and t states of the enzyme? the mutation in the regulatory site will not affect the transition between the r and t states. the mutation in the promoter
Using the concepts of mutations ,we got that both the given mutations differ in the production of uric acid in human body.
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase super-activity (PRS super-activity) is characterized by the overproduction and accumulation of uric acid (a waste product of normal chemical processes) in the blood and urine. The overproduction of uric acid can lead to gout, which is arthritis caused by an accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints. Individuals with PRS super-activity also develop kidney or bladder stones that may result in episodes of acute kidney failure.
There are two forms of PRS super-activity, a severe form that begins in infancy or early childhood, and a milder form that typically appears in late adolescence or early adulthood. In both forms, a kidney or bladder stone is often the first symptom. Gout and impairment of kidney function may develop if the condition is not adequately controlled with medication and dietary restrictions. People with the severe form may also have neurological problems, including hearing loss caused by changes in the inner ear (sensorineural hearing loss), weak muscle tone (hypotonia), impaired muscle coordination (ataxia), and developmental delay.
Hence, the two different mutations in prs affect the transition between the r and t states of the enzyme differs on the basis of uric acid production in human body,
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what inorganic gas has been shown to act as a second messenger that relaxes the smooth muscles of blood vessels?
Using the theories of inorganic gases, we got nitrous oxide(NO) is the inorganic gas which has been shown to act as second messenger that relaxes the smooth muscle of blood vessels.
The access of contaminated air from outside is main source of inorganic gases in the interior spaces. Other sources are use of ultraviolet light technology.
The Ozone in the troposphere acts as an ultraviolet ray filter. However, on earth’s surface or inside spaces, it works as an air pollutant.
Higher concentrations of the ozone appear when there are higher solar radiation and the emissions of volatile organic compounds. Thus, the volatile organic compounds are capable of reaction and producing photochemical oxidants that impel the creation of ozone.
Hence, the inorganic gas which has been shown to act as second messenger that relaxes the smooth muscles of blood vessels is Nitrous oxide(NO).
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discuss what would happen to the rate of cellular respiration if the germinating lentils and crickets were kept in the respirometers for an extended period. you must show a critical understanding of the operations of the electron transport chain in your answer.
To fulfill the high-energy needs of a germinating seedling, cellular respiration increases as a seed emerges from dormancy and begins germinating.
Cellular respiration increases as a seed emerges from dormancy and starts to germinate in order to meet the high ATP requirements of a growing seedling. Sugars and other substances are used by seeds as a substrate for respiration during germination. Since there is a greater need for ATP during germination, the activity of the electron transport system also rises during this time.
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The structure of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, differ in that
a
DNA contains a nucleotide with thymine, while RNA contains a nucleotide with uracil.
b
DNA's nucleotide sequence is single stranded, while RNA's nucleotide sequence is double stranded.
c
RNA's backbone is made up of phosphates, while DNA's backbone is made up of nitrates.
d
RNA contains only three different nucleotides, while DNA contains four different nucleotides.
Answer:
The answers are A and B and that's how DNA and RNA differ
nmda receptors: a. are found in the hippocampal formation. b. control a sodium ion channel. c. are metabotropic receptors. d. are activated by serotonin. e. are a type of dopamine receptor.
Nmda receptors include metabotropic receptors, which are a subclass of membrane receptors that use signal transduction processes instead of forming an ion channel pore.
How do metabotropic receptors work?Metabotropic receptors are really a subclass of membrane receptors which do not create an ion channel pore but instead use signaling molecules mechanisms, frequently G proteins, to trigger a cascade of intracellular actions via second messenger chemicals.
How do metabotropic receptors function?When a neurotransmitter binds to a metabotropic receptor, G-proteins are activated. After the receptor is released, the G-protein interacts with ion channels directly or binds to other effector proteins, including such enzymes, to produce intracellular messengers that opens and closes ion channels.
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what part of a nucleotide provides energy to form the sugar-phosphate backbone of dna and rna molecules?
A component of the phosphate backbone known as an ATP, an energy molecule, is used to bind the DNA together.
What are DNA and RNA molecules?
Nucleic acids, which are big molecules consisting of monomers called nucleotides, include DNA and RNA. Genetic information, which the organism uses to produce proteins, is stored in nucleic acids. Despite the many similarities between DNA and RNA, there are a number of significant structural and functional differences between these two molecules.
What is the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA and RNA molecule?
The part of the DNA double helix that gives the molecule's structure support is known as the phosphate backbone. Two strands of DNA form a twisted ladder-like structure by wrapping around one another. Deoxyribose and phosphate groups alternately form the backbone of each strand.
Hence, ATP is the molecule providing energy for the process.
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linked genes are a. are located on the same chromosome b. have no alleles c. have more alleles than usual d. are located on different chromosomes
linked genes are located on the same chromosome
Linked genes would be those who reside on the same chromosome. When meiosis occurs, alleles for such genes often segregate collectively unless they could be dispersed through crossing over.
Within the same chromosome could be linked genes. X-linked genes are found on the X chromosome, while genes that are sex-linked have been found on a sex chromosome. Linkage maps that depict the positions of genes across chromosomes are created using the frequency of genome crossing-over.
Genes are referred to as linked once they were located close to one another on the same chromosome. This means that the alleles, as well as gene variants, that are already present on one chromosome would most likely be inherited together.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (a)
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the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine function as hormones, and are secreted by which structure?
Your adrenal gland, which is also reached by the neurotransmitter noradrenaline, releases the chemicals noradrenaline and adrenaline (epinephrine) (norepinephrine). Your blood carries these hormones to every region of your body. They once again enter your eyes, heart, airways, skin's blood vessels, and adrenal gland.
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by chromaffin cells, which are adrenal medulla cells.
Two neurotransmitters known as epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are called hormones, are members of the catecholamine chemical class. They act as hormones, affecting various physiological systems and energizing the central nervous system. Nerve cells in the brainstem region and a region close to the spinal cord produce norepinephrine. The sympathetic nervous system, which is a component of your body's immediate "fight-or-flight" response to danger, produces norepinephrine.
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What is the main difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist?
A. A psychiatrist can write prescriptions, but a psychologist cannot.
B. A psychiatrist does not complete a medical degree, but a psychologist does.
C. A psychiatrist works with children and adolescents as clients, and a psychologist works with adults and the elderly as clients.
D. A psychiatrist can only work at a college teaching, and a psychologist can only work at a hospital providing therapy.
The main difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is that a psychiatrist can write prescriptions for the patients, but a psychologist cannot. So, the correct answer will be option (a).
The major and most reasonable difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is their educational background. A psychiatrist is certified as a medical doctor while a psychologist does not hold the title of a doctor. Although they study and research on the same topic of mental health, they just have different approaches to the topic. A psychiatrist has the freedom of prescribing medications for the patients but a psychologist prefers to focus on the patient's recovery through therapy.
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Which best describes a dichotomous key?
A. Each step has two choices.
B. Each step can have any number of choices.
C. Each step describes two possible inferences.
D. Each step is based on genetic traits.
Answer:
Each step has two choices.
in the scotopic system, the relationship between the number of visual receptor cells and the number of ganglion cells demonstrates a of in
The amount of ganglion cells and visual receptor cells shows convergence of information.
The absence of photoreceptors at the optic disc is caused by what?The absence of photoreceptors in the optic disc region is caused by the ganglion cell axons exiting the retina and creating the optic nerve. FIG. 19.5, Different densities of rods and cones are seen throughout the retina. At the fovea, cones are situated.
Scotopic vision is caused by which cells?The rods are in charge of scotopic vision, while the cones are in charge of color and daylight vision. Red, green, and blue lights cause different types of cones to react.
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Please help due tonight.
Answer:
The answer would be increased airplane travel
what morphological features have traditionally been used to classify animals, but are now recognized as being less useful in determining evolutionary relationships than originally thought
segmentation; presence/absence of a coelom are the morphological features that have traditionally been used to classify animals but are now recognized as being less useful in determining evolutionary relationships.
Animals are primarily divided into groups based on their physical and developmental traits, such as their body plans. The morphological symmetry of genuine animals' body plans is one of their most notable characteristics. This implies that the distribution of their bodily components along an axis is balanced. The number of tissue layers that form throughout development, the existence or absence of an internal body cavity, and other aspects of embryological development, such as the mouth's and the anus's genesis, are additional characteristics.
The complete question is:
What morphological features have traditionally been used to classify animals, but are now recognized as being less useful in determining evolutionary relationships than originally thought?
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Question
What is the purpose of a drug ad placed by a drug company that mentions a medical condition, but not a drug name?
The main purpose is to increase people’s awareness of a medical condition.
The drug company hopes people will demand that the government spend money on research for the condition.
The goal is to get people to ask their doctor about drugs that might treat a condition.
The purpose is for people to join an organization that works to help the condition.
.
Explanation:
to get people to ask their doctor about drugs that might treat a condition
What does a nucleotide consist of?
Answer:
A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base ( adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA ).
Explanation:
Answer: A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate group.
Explanation:
Does bread have reducing sugars?
If yes, why did my benedict test result in negative?
Answer:
Sucrose contains two sugars (fructose and glucose) joined by their glyosidic bond in such a way as to prevent the glucose isomerizing to aldehyde, or the fructose to α-hydroxy-ketone form. Sucrose is thus a non-reducing sugar, which does not react with Benedict's reagent.
Explanation:
which is the correct sequence of components leading up to and following secretion of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh), thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), and other hormones by the thyroid gland?
Thyroid gland working mechanism:
Changes in external stimulus → hypothalamus → TRH → anterior pituitary →TSH → thyroid gland → thyroxine
The thyroid gland consists of 2 lobes, namely the right and lobes left associated with a narrow section called isthmus form-like bowties. Thyroid hormones control the rate of burning glucose or oxidation, which is converted into body heat and chemical energy. The raw material for thyroid hormone is iodine which is abundantly contained in seafood
Step-by-step working mechanism thyroid gland:
If the hypothalamus is stimulated.Hypothalamus secretes TRH.Stimulates the anterior pituitary.Secretes TSH.Stimulates the thyroid gland.Secretes thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).Increased metabolic rate, CNS development, and sympathetic activity.Learn more about the working mechanism thyroid gland here https://brainly.com/question/28497771
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What would happen if Earth absorbed all of the heat from the sun? (1 point)
Responses
Earth would lose all of its heat.
Earth would lose all of its heat.
Earth would eventually stop receiving heat.
Earth would eventually stop receiving heat.
Earth would become too hot.
Earth would become too hot.
Earth would become too cold.
What is the differences
between monomers and
polymers?
A. Monomers CAN be broken down into
polymers.
B. Polymers CAN be broken down into
monomers.
C. Polymers create monomers.
D. Monomers are larger units.
A monomer is more mobile than a polymer. Polymer A polymer is a chemical composed of many repeat units.
These repeat units can be composed of one monomer, two or more monomers or blocks of smaller polymers. Polymers normally have higher viscosities; higher boiling points and can show improved mechanical strength over monomers.
What You Need To Know About Monomers
Monomers are small molecules which may be joined together in a repeating fashion to form more complex molecule referred to as polymers.
Monomers are simple molecules with low molecular weight.
A monomer can have different combination units.
Monomers are small molecules in the microscopic scale which cannot be compared to the macroscopic properties of polymers, and they are chemically more reactive than polymers.
A monomer is more mobile than a polymer.
What You Need To Know About Polymers
A polymer may be natural or synthetic macromolecules comprised of repeating units of a smaller molecules (monomers).
Polymers are complex molecules with very high molecular weight.
A polymer will always have a single repeating unit.
Polymers are macroscopic molecules which are stronger than monomers and are less susceptive towards chemicals.
A polymer is less mobile than a monomer because of its larger load of combined molecules.
Answer:
A polymer is larger than a monomer.
Explanation:
in the telomere, the 3'-end is single-stranded with a 14-16 base overhang. there are two reasons for the 3'-end being longer than the 5'-end. the first is that the g-t strand (3'-end) is extended by the telomerase enzyme. what is the second reason?
The 3'-end is single-stranded with a 14-16 base overhang. there are two reasons for the 3'-end being longer than the 5'-end. the first is that the g-t strand (3'-end) is extended by the telomerase enzyme. the second reason is the C-A strand (5'-end) is enzymatically degraded.
A telomere is the region of repetitive DNA sequences at the end of a chromosome.
They protect the chromosome ends from DNA degradation, recombination, and DNA end fusions
The overhang in telomere is due to incomplete end replication.
They gets shorten during replication to avoid gene deletions.
the daughter chromosomes lose the 3′ overhang which was present in the parent and therefore, in the absence of telomerase this will accordingly result in the telomere shortening
if telomere are long, the cellular machinery result in a bit of telomere becoming looped off each time cells replicate DNA and divide,
as telomere shorten, chromosome themselves become vulnerable to damage and cell dies
therefore, shortening of telomere is necessary.
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the energy in a gluclose molecule is transfered to for use in the cell
Answer: ATP
Explanation:
which diagnostic test or procedure refers to a laboratory test in which a colony of microorganisms are grown to determine the type of organism and which antibiotic will destroy that organism?
A blood culture diagnostic test or procedure is a laboratory test that involves growing a colony of microorganisms to determine the type of organism.
A blood culture is a laboratory test that detects microorganism and other germs in a blood sample.If your blood culture test results are "positive," it usually means you have bacteria or yeast in your blood. "Negative" indicates that they are not present. The majority of bacteria can be seen in the culture after 2 to 3 days. However, some types can take 10 days or longer to appear. It can take up to 30 days for fungus to appear in the culture. A blood culture is a test that looks for germs in the blood.
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grapefruit juice inhibits the cytochrome p450 cyp3a4 drug-metabolizing enzyme and inhibits p-glycoprotein in the intestines for days after ingestion. the nurse will teach patients that are taking a drug impacted by grapefruit juice that it can cause which problem?
When some medications are taken by a person who also consumes grapefruit juice, the drug concentration and risk of adverse effects may both increase.
The harmful substance in grapefruit does not directly interact with your medication. Instead, it binds to the CYP3A4 enzyme, which lessens the absorption of several drugs, in the digestive system. When grapefruit juice inhibits the enzyme, it is simpler for the medication to enter your bloodstream from your gut. Blood levels will rise more quickly and significantly above normal levels, and in some circumstances, these dangerously high levels may occur.
Examples of drugs that are affected by grapefruit juice are : Statins. Calcium channel blockers, anticoagulants, antiplatelet medications, cylosporin and immunosuppressants, Entocort, and cytotoxic medications are all examples of statins, which are medications that decrease cholesterol.
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which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses? which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses? inclusion bodies forming in the cytoplasm or nucleus host cells fusing to form multinucleated syncytia toxin production cell death increased cell growth
Cytopathic effects are alterations in cell morphology brought on by an infecting virus (CPE). The rounding of the infected cell, the fusing of the infected cell with neighboring cells to produce syncytia (prokaryotes), and the formation of nuclear or cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are typical examples.
Absolute destruction The most severe cytopathic effect is this one. Complete Destruction The glass surface is seeded with a monolayer of host cells, and a viral infection that causes focal degeneration is then introduced. Syncytium, inclusion bodies, foamy degeneration, swelling and clumpingCytopathic effect (CPE), structural alterations brought on by viral infection in a host cell. CPE happens when the infecting virus causes the host cell to lyse (dissolve), or when the cell dies without lysing because it cannot divide.To know more about Cytopathic
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what phylum do these organisms belong to?group of answer choices alveolataciliophorarhizopod kinetoplastida
These organisms belong to the Phylum Euglenzoa.
A sizable subclass of flagellate Discoba is called Euglenozoa. As well as several popular free-living organisms, they also contain a few significant parasites, some of which can infect people.
Three primary clades—Kinetoplastea, Diplonema, and Symbiontida—represent the euglenozoa.
The phylum Euglenozoa divides into three distinct lineages with various life strategies: euglenids, kinetoplastids, and diplonemids.
While certain euglenoid genera include chloroplasts and are thus classified as algae, the bulk of Euglenozoa's genera are colorless and devoid of chloroplasts, which do not comply to normal algal traits. This has caused controversy regarding the taxonomy of Euglenozoa for a long time.
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he number of male progeny (produced to honey bee drone ) produced from fertilization of 4 unfertilized eggs
1)0
2)4
3)5
4)8
The number of male progeny produced from fertilization of 4 unfertilized eggs is 4 Drones.
Fertilization may be described as the union of two haploid gametes, the spermatozoa and the oocyte, hereto called egg, to repair the diploid state, shape a zygote thru the manner of egg activation, and begin a series of mitotic divisions that consequences in cell differentiation and embryo improvement.
Through fertilization, the egg and sperm are stored the egg is activated to begin its developmental software, and the haploid nuclei of the 2 gametes come collectively to form the genome of a new diploid organism.
Fertilization commonly takes region in a fallopian tube that links an ovary to the uterus. If the fertilized egg efficiently travels down the fallopian tube and implants in the uterus, an embryo starts offevolved growing.
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WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST 20 POINTS!!!!!!!!! Explain why a city is a good analogy for a cell. Make sure your response is at least 10 sentences long.
A city is a good analogy for a cell because it includes all components to function in a system. Organelles may be analogous to people since they play specific roles.
Why a city is a good analogy for a cell?A city is a good analogy for a cell because both systems need to maintain homeostasis. This state of internal equilibrium is achieved by the normal function of all components. In a cell, the component includes organelles, while a city is composed of people.
The cell is an open system in the same way that a city. All the cities are interconnected through globalization in a similar manner to the cell in a body to form tissues and organs.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that cells and cities are analogous because both need all their components to function in a proper manner.
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An
(beginning/ end) of a gene is the most harmful.
(insertion / substitution) mutation at the
The most dangerous gene mutation is frameshift.
Which mutation is the most harmful?The DNA sequence is most severely damaged by mutations brought on by the insertion or deletion of nitrogenous bases because they entirely alter the reading frame for the process of protein production. The most harmful mutation is thought to be a frameshift mutation caused by an insertion or deletion.
Which is worse for you, insertion or substitution?Insertions and deletions typically do more damage than substitutions, which only change one amino acid, since they create a frame-shift that alters the reading of succeeding codons and, consequently, changes the complete set of amino acids that follow the mutation.
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which is false? the ampa receptor ... which is false? the ampa receptor ... handles most fast excitatory responses to glutamate. is permeable to ca . is ionotropic is permeable to na and k .
False statement about AMPA receptor is they handles most fast excitatory responses to glutamate .
AMPA receptors mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. AMPA receptors stands for α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid .AMPA, is a compound that is a specific agonist for the AMPA receptor, where it copy the effects of the neurotransmitter glutamate.
AMPA glutamate antagonist anticonvulsants are used to treat abnormal electrical activity in only one area of the brain .They are used to treat acute seizure that is abnormal electrical activity throughout the brain involving loss of consciousness and excessive muscle contractions.
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