Having an exoskeleton would increase the likelihood of an animal's remains being fossilized.
What is exoskeleton?In contrast to the interior skeleton of, say, a person, an animal's exoskeleton is its external skeleton that supports and shields its body. Some of the larger varieties of exoskeletons are referred to as "shells" in use.A protective outside layer on an animal.The chitin-based, hard and rigid outer shell that shields an animal's body is known as an exoskeleton.Exoskeletons are external supports that can be worn to support the body, either to help a person recover from an accident or to improve their biological capabilities. As the name implies. The frame provides limbs with additional movement, strength, and endurance thanks to a network of electric motors.The procuticle, a thick inner chitin-protein layer, and the epicuticle, a thin outer protein layer, make up the exoskeleton. The epicuticle of the majority of terrestrial arthropods, including insects and spiders, contains waxes that help to lessen evaporative water loss.Learn more about exoskeleton here:
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Disclaimer: The given question in he portal is incomplete. Here, the complete question.
Question: Which of the following conditions would most likely increase the likelihood of an animal being fossilized?
a. Living in an oxygen-rich environment
b. Having an exoskeleton
c. Living in an area where geological processes often transform rocks
d. Both a and b
e. None of the above
The way that organisms are
spread out is known as their
A. location
B. dispersion
C. climate
D. community
Answer:
the answer is B. dispersion
Select all the correct answers. which three statements provide reasons that scientists are considering renewable sources of energy?
The option 1, option 3, and option 4 is correct.
The three statement related to the renewable sources of energy should be clean & non-pollutting, conventional resources, and available in nature.
What is renewable sources of energy?
Renewable energy comes from natural sources that replace themselves more quickly than they are used up. Examples of such sources that are continuously replenished are the sun and the wind. There are many different types of renewable energy available to us.The most popular renewable energy sources currently are:
Solar energy.Wind energy.Hydro energy.Tidal energy.Geothermal energy.Biomass energy.Therefore, based on this, we can conclude that the option 1, option 3, and option 4 is correct.
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The complete question is -
Select all the correct answers.
Which three statements provide reasons that scientists are considering renewable sources of energy?
1. Most renewable resources are clean and nonpolluting.
2. Renewable resources can be replenished.
3. Renewable resources are conventional resources.
4. Most renewable resources are easily available in nature.
5. All renewable resources are cost effective.
A carbohydrate sample weighing 0. 235 g was found to have a fuel value of 3. 84 kj. What is the fuel value of one gram of this carbohydrate, in nutritional calories?
The fuel value of one gram of this carbohydrate, in nutritional calories is 3910 cal.
A vast variety of both good and bad foods, including bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, soft drinks, corn, and cherry pie, include carbohydrates. Because they work quickly and provide energy as soon as they are taken, carbohydrates—which have 4 kcal per gram—are the foods that are used as an energy source the most frequently.From the given data,
0.235 g carbohydrate = 3.84 kj = 3840 joule
1g carbohydrate = 3840/0.235 = 16340.43 joule
(1 Cal = 4.1841)
1 g carbohydrate = 16340.43/ 4.184 = 3905.5 Cal
fuel value of 1 g carbohydrate = 3905.5 Cal
answer: 3910 Cal
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A carbohydrate sample weighing 0. 235 g was found to have a fuel value of 3. 84 Kilojoule. The fuel value of one gram of this carbohydrate, in nutritional calories is 3910 Cal.
What is Carbohydrates ?In our daily life we usually uptake Carbohydrates as the primary source of energy. It contains 4 KCal/gm.Examples of Carbohydrates are ; Starch, Bread, Rice, Milk, Soft drinks, Corn etc.Carbohydrates are fast acting fuel because it breaks down into Sugar and Sugar is the main energy source of our brain and cells.
Now,
0.235 g Carbohydrate = 3.84 kilojoule
= 3840 joule
1g Carbohydrate = 3840/0.235
= 16340.43 joule [1 Cal = 4.1841]
1g carbohydrate = 16340.43/ 4.184 = 3905.5 Cal
Fuel value of 1 g Carbohydrate = 3905.5 Cal
= 3910 Cal
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The fuel value of one gram of this carbohydrate, in nutritional calories is 3910 Cal.
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Question 6
Do you think the results of this experiment would differ if a different person did it? What individual factors
would affect the person's results?
Enter your answer to Question 6 here:
It is very important to know that the results of the experiment would differ if a different person did simply because of error, uncontrollable conditions or variables
The individual factors which would affect the person's results are:
VariablesStressStrainWhat is scientific method?Scientific method involves the process establishing facts through observation, testing and experimentation.
So therefore, it is very important to know that the results of the experiment would differ if a different person did simply because of error, uncontrollable conditions or variables
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Dna can undergo many types of modifications. one of these is methylation. which bases are methylated more often in human dna?
Cytosine base is methylated in DNA methylation.
A biological process called DNA methylation involves the addition of methyl groups to the DNA molecule. Without altering the sequence, methylation can modify the activity of a DNA region. DNA methylation often suppresses gene transcription when it occurs at a gene promoter.DNA methylation is the process of adding a methyl group to DNA, further altering gene function and impacting gene expression.Cytosine and adenine, two of the four bases in DNA, are the bases that can be methylated.The most frequent DNA methylation in humans is the covalent attachment of a methyl group to the fifth carbon of the cytosine ring, producing the product 5-methylcytosine.learn more about DNA methylation here: https://brainly.com/question/6612810
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How many protons are translocated across the inner mitochondrial membrane by complex iv for every pair of electrons passing through the electron transport chain?
Two protons are translocated across the inner mitochondrial membrane by complex iv for every pair of electrons passing through the electron transport chain.
What is inner mitochondrial membrane?The mitochondrial membrane that divides the intermembrane gap from the mitochondrial matrix is known as the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM).As a result, the inner mitochondrial membrane maintains the proton gradient that powers oxidative phosphorylation and serves as a functional barrier to the passage of tiny molecules between the cytosol and the matrix.Cristae are the name for the inner membrane folding of mitochondria. They broaden the surface.The inner or cytoplasmic membrane controls the flow of nutrients, metabolites, macromolecules, and information into and out of the cytoplasm and preserves the proton motive force necessary for energy storage. It is impermeable to polar molecules. The inner membrane of E is connected to more than 100 distinct proteins.Similar to the cell membrane, the mitochondrial inner membrane is mostly composed of a phospholipid bilayer. Several proteins that function to carry out the electron transport chain are embedded in this bilayer. The membrane's surface area is increased by folds called christae.Learn more about inner mitochondrial membrane here:
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What is burning of fossil fuels, slash and burn agriculture, and volcanic activity?
The burning of fossil fuels, slash and burn agriculture, and volcanic activity is called Air pollution.
Most automobiles and power plants burn fossil fuels. These non-renewable resources power nearly all manufacturing and other businesses. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and hydrocarbons are a few of these pollutants.
Biomass is total amount of living material present in an environment. Burning biomass is done for slash-and-burn farming. The pollutants, which include CO2, carbon monoxide, methane, particulates, nitrous oxide, hydrocarbons, and organic and elemental carbon, are largely the same as those produced by burning fossil fuels.
When anything burns, particles are produced. Particulates can also be found in nature as a result of dust from wind or volcanic eruptions.
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The biomedical model focuses on ___________; the biopsychosocial model focuses on _____________
The biomedical model focuses on Microlevel influence on health (chemical imbalances); the bio-psychosocial model focuses on micro and macrolevel effects and their interactions with one another in impacting health and illness.
The biomedical model is centred on the treatment and eradication of symptoms. According to this model, diseases were understood to have physiological etiologies that were detected through specific biochemical markers and were to have ministered through physical interventions.
A person's perspective of their symptoms and how they and their families react to them are the main topics of the bio-psychosocial model, in contrast. The biological, psychological, and social aspects of life all have a role in defining one's health, according to the bio-psychosocial model.
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Body wrapping solutions multiple choice cause a permanent reduction in body girth. do not result in lost body fat. cause fat to be drawn from tissue. have caused multiple fatalities.
The correct option is (b) do not result in lost body fat.
The purpose of heated body wraps and belly belts is to burn fat and lose weight quickly. A lot of these solutions need you to cover the skin with a non-breathable plastic film after applying a thin layer of topical heat cream.
The right expectations should be set since body wraps are intended for inch loss rather than weight loss. Although body wraps may momentarily tighten your skin, this effect is not long-lasting. You see, it's not actually removing fat. It is merely water retention and weight. Coolsculpting or liposuction are more successful methods of reducing stubborn fat.
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If a linear piece of dna has three sites for a particular restriction enzyme, into how many fragments will that restriction enzyme cut the dna?
If a linear piece of DNA has three sites for a particular restriction enzyme, it will be cut into 4 fragments. If the DNA is circular, the number of obtained fragments will be N for N recognition sequences for the specified restriction enzymes however if the DNA is linear, the number of obtained fragments will be (N+1).
A bacterial protein called the restriction enzyme cleaves DNA at specific locations. The recognition sequences, or short and distinct nucleotide sequences, are recognized by restriction enzymes in DNA. When a DNA sequence is recognized by the restriction enzyme, it hydrolyzes the bond between neighboring nucleotides and cleaves the DNA molecule.
The restriction enzymes guard against bacteriophages on the living bacteria. They identify the bacteriophage and cleave at its restriction sites, destroying its DNA.
The use of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering is crucial. In order to introduce foreign DNA for gene-editing purposes, restriction enzymes cut DNA at a specified location, which makes them a crucial tool.
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What is the term ecologists use for the biological characteristics of a species that influence how quickly a population can potentially increase?
Biological characteristics of a species that influence how quickly a population can potentially increase in number is life-history strategies.
What are life history strategies?The life history of a species gives us an idea of how a species survives and reproduces during its lifetime.This includes factors which affect the fitness of an organism like life span, maturity rate, death rate, parental care.Two types of life history strategies are Semelparous (those that can reproduce only once in their lifetime) and Iteroparous (those that can reproduce multiple times over their lifetime e.g. humans).Life history strategies relate to natural selection, adaptation and fitness of an organism.Factors like the size, number and sex ratio of offspring, time of reproduction, age and size at which an organism matures affect the life history of an organism.Learn about reproductive strategy here:
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Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called question 34 options: motor. cranial. efferent. afferent
Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called afferent nerves.
What are afferent nerves?Afferent nerves are the nerves responsible for the transmission of sensory signals from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system which consists of the brain and the spinal cord.Afferent nerves are also known as sensory nerves.Afferent nerves or sensory nerves are responsible for carrying the information of the five senses i.e., touch, taste, smell, vision, and, hearing to the brain.Thus, the nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called afferent nerves.
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If both parents contribute identical versions of a gene, then the offspring are ______ for that gene.
Homozygous is the condition that the offsprings would have, if both their parents contribute identical versions of a gene.
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous ?Homozygous and heterozygous are terms that are used to describe allele pairs.Individuals carrying two identical alleles (RR or rr) are known as homozygous. Individual organisms bearing different alleles (Rr) are known as heterozygous.Homozygous produce only one type of gamete whereas heterozygous produce two types of gametes.To know more about homozygous trait refer :
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Which complement pathway involves antibodies despite being part of the innate immune system?
The classical pathway is complement pathway involves antibodies despite being part of the innate immune system.
Complement system represents a major part of the innate immunity. It is a cascade of soluble proteins and membrane expressed receptors and regulators, which operates in plasma, in tissues, on cell surface, and even within the cell.
The classical pathway, which is triggered directly by pathogen or indirectly by antibody binding to the pathogen surface the MB-lectin pathway and the alternative pathway, which also provides an amplification loop for the other two pathways. As part of the innate immune system, complement acts immediately to start the process of removal and resolution of the problem. Complement works with the inflammatory cells of the innate immune system and those of adaptive or acquired immunity.
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The ____________________ explosion is a radiation of animals with hard parts that marks the start of a new eon in geologic time.
The Cambrian explosion is a radiation of animals with hard parts that marks the start of a new eon in geologic time.
What is Cambrian period?
The Cambrian Period is the first geologic period of the Paleozoic Era ("Time of Ancient Life"). This period lasted from 541 million to 485.4 million years ago, more than 55 million years ago, and marked a dramatic burst of evolutionary change in life on Earth, known as the "Cambrian Explosion". Among the animals that evolved during this period were chordates — animals with a dorsal nerve cord; brachiopods with hard bodies that resembled clams; and arthropods—the ancestors of spiders, insects, and crustaceans.
Although there is some scientific debate as to which fossil strata should mark the beginning of this period, the International Commission on Stratigraphy places the lower limit of the period at 541 million years ago, when worms making horizontal burrows first appeared in the fossil record. The end of the Cambrian period is marked by evidence in the fossil record of a mass extinction about 485.4 million years ago. The Cambrian period was followed by the Ordovician period.
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Draw and label nucleus, mitochondria, smooth er, rough er, lysosome, nucleolus, ribosome, chloroplast, central vacuole, vesicles, peroxisome, cytoskeleton
Nucleus is the main component of the cell and carries out the vital processes of the cell.
For learning about its structure, a nucleus diagram is quite helpful. Important components of its structure include.One feature of the nucleus that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic ones is the nuclear membrane. Additionally, it has a double-layer structure. It also has phospholipids in it.The nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, or nucleus sap, nuclear matrix, chromatin, and nucleolus are some of the several structures that make up the nucleus. The nuclear membrane, also referred to as the nuclear envelope, creates an envelope-like structure surrounding the nuclear contents.learn more about Nucleus here:
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Where does antidiuretic hormone (adh) exert its effects to promote water reabsorption?
The antidiuretic hormone primarily acts in the kidneys to increase water reabsorption.
What is antidiuretic hormone?It is also called human vasopressin. It is synthesized by special nerve cells present in the hypothalamus. It is then transported to the posterior pituitary gland and from there it is released into the blood.
This hormone acts on the kidneys and the blood vessels. It helps in controlling and maintaining the normal blood pressure of the body. It works by maintaining the fluid volume in the body by keeping a check on the water that is passed out through urine.
This is done by reabsorption of some amount of water from the urine through a designated area in the kidney.
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The lithosphere is broken into approximately ____________ dozen smaller sections called lithospheric plates that are in constant motion.
The lithosphere is broken into approximately Two Dozen dozen smaller sections called lithospheric plates that are in constant motion.
What is earth's lithosphere?
The most well-known feature associated with the Earth's lithosphere is tectonic activity. Tectonic activity describes the interaction of huge plates of lithosphere called tectonic plates.
The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates including the North American, Caribbean, South American, Scottish, Antarctic, Eurasian, Arabian, African, Indian, Philippine, Australian, Pacific, Juan de Fuca, Coconut, and Nazca plates.
Most tectonic activity takes place at the boundaries of these plates, where they can collide, tear apart, or slide against each other. The movement of tectonic plates is made possible by thermal energy (heat) from the mantle part of the lithosphere. Thermal energy makes the rocks of the lithosphere more flexible.
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Most scientists use scientific methods in which of the following orders?
A. Conduct an experiment, collect the data, and analyze data
B. Conduct an experiment, draw conclusions, and form a hypothesis C. Conduct an experiment, analyze data, and state the question
D. Conduct an experiment, form a hypothesis, and state the question
The process in which individuals move into adulthood and exit their families of origin is called:_________
The process in which individuals move into adulthood and exit their families of origin is called launching. When individuals moving from adolescence into young adulthood also called transitional age youth.
Adulthood is marked by roles and responsibilities of an individuals such that interrelated domains as education , employment, and family formations. In this period human lifespan in which full physical and intellectual maturity has been attained.
Adulthood has been proposed as a new life stage between adolescence and young adulthood which is last from 18 to 25. Emotion splay an important role during this period of time , dealing with new responsibilities , uncertainty of life, social life , personal issues, etc.
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In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions?.
In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions - -----Acinar cells.
In response to a high fat and protein meal, CCK would be stimulated and in turn would stimulate an enzyme-rich secretion from the pancreas.
What are Acinar cells?
The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. It synthesizes, stores, and secretes digestive enzymes. Under normal physiological conditions, digestive enzymes are activated only once they have reached the duodenum.
What is the function of acinar cells?
Pancreatic acinar cells synthesize and secrete almost all the digestive enzymes active in the lumen of the small intestine which are necessary for nutrient digestion. Both synthesis and secretion are highly regulated over both short and long time frames to insure an appropriate supply of digestive enzymes.
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4.4-1 Anaerobic Respiration
For each of the processes shown below,
Lactic acid fermentation
complete the summaries by filling in the blanks.
• use the empty boxes in the diagrams to indicate the name and number of the molecules produced.
For lactic acid fermentation, the correct options are:
pyruvatehydrogenNADHlactic acidLactic acidpyruvatemitochondriaFor ethanol fermentation, the correct options are:
pyruvateCO₂acetyl CoAacetyl CoAacetaldehydeAcetaldehydehydrogenNADHethanolWhat is a anaerobic respiration?Anaerobic respiration is respiration which occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Oxygen is used as an electron acceptor during respiration. However, when oxygen is absent or insufficient, other molecules are used as electron acceptors in order to produce energy.
Anaerobic respiration in large organisms may result in the formation of lactate known as lactic acid fermentation.
In lactic acid fermentation, after glycolysis, the two pyruvate molecules receive hydrogen atoms from NADH creating lactic acid. Lactic acid can be converted back into pyruvate in the liver. The pyruvate can then enter into the mitochondria and cellular respiration, can proceed.
On the other hand, anaerobic respiration in microorganisms produce ethanol and is known as ethanol fermentation.
After glycolysis, the two pyruvate molecules lose a CO₂ atom, creating acetyl CoA. The acetyl CoA atom combines with hydrogen to form acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde receives a hydrogen atom from NADH, resulting in the production of ethanol.
In conclusion, anaerobic respiration can occur either as a lactate fermentation or ethanol fermentation.
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What is the major controlling factor for insulin levels?
a. availability of digestive enzymes
b. pancreatic health
c. diurnal patterns
d. blood glucose concentration
e. percentage of body fat
Blood glucose concentration is the major controlling factors for insulin levels. Glucose is the principal stimulus for insulin secretion, through other macro-nutrients, hormones, neural inputs may respond according to this insulin.
Tucked away behind the stomach is an organ called the pancreas, which produce insulin.Insulin production is regulated based on blood sugar levels and other hormones present in the human body.When food is digested, glucose is absorbed from human guts into the bloodstream,raising blood glucose levels.
In healthy human insulin production and release is fixed process, which allows human body to balance metabolic production and needs.It helps to glucose to comes out from bloodstream and into cells.
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________ describes someone whose mood or behavior is changeable and unpredictable, or someone who is clever, lively, and quick. with a ________ teacher, you never know where you stand
Mercurial describes someone whose mood or behavior is changeable and unpredictable, or someone who is clever, lively, and quick. with a mercurial teacher you never know where you stand.
Depending on how someone with a volatile temperament manages things, a mercurial personality can either be a bad or positive character feature. A person who is mercurial is typically thought of as someone who loses control readily and whose moods vary as frequently and abruptly as a Spring day. Mercurial is described as unpredictable or fickle. Someone who is mercurial is someone who can snap into anger in the span of a single second. Of or connected to the god Mercury in Roman mythology.learn more about mercurial here:
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The hearing assessment tasks used on a person with a hearing loss can include presentation of:__________.
The hearing assessment tasks used on a person with a hearing loss can include presentation of Tympanometry.
Tympanometry is the first tests you take and associated for measuring the action of your eardrum when air pressure is introduced into the ear. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) ABR is a method also used to measure hearing sensitivity and determine if the neural pathways within the brainstem are transmitting sound properly. This test is used to rule out auditory-neurological problems. There are three main types of hearing loss conductive, sensorineural, and mixed (both conductive and sensorineural). Causes of hearing loss may include stress, excessive exercise, medication, poor diet and allergies.
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The branch of the Archaic Homo sapiens that was regionally adapted to Siberia and the Tibetan Plateau are called
The branch of the Archaic Homo sapiens that was regionally adapted to Siberia and the Tibetan Plateau are called Denisovans.
Who are Denisovans?Denisovans are very old hominins (tribe) which were present all over Asia during lower and middle Paleolith.These are now extinct species. Their evidence is obtained from physical remains and DNA available from fossils.According to fossil evidences, they are thought to have lived in Siberia, Tibet and Laos.These reached Tibetian Plateau and were well adapted to high altitude.According to DNA evidences, they had dark eyes, hairs, skin and Neanderthal like build and features.They are known to have interbred with modern humans and it is found that the Tibetians inherited high altitude gene from the Denisovans who were extinct soon after mating with the modern humans.Learn more about Denisovans here:
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Carrying capacity is:
Select one:
a.
The maximum number of individuals that can fit into an area
b.
The ability of an environment to accommodate a growing population
c.
The greatest number of individuals that an area can sustain over the long term
A site where pathogens can survive, multiply and serve as a continual source of infection is called a(n):_____.
A site where pathogens can survive , multiply and serve as a continual source of infection is called the reservoir. It is site where the infectious agent survives.
Reservoir is a host which allows the pathogen to live, and possibly grow and multiply. Humans , animals and environment can be reservior for microorganisms. Principal habitat that which pathogen lives , flourishes and able to multiply.
There are some examples such as humans are the reservior for the measles virus because it does not infect the other organisms. The place where microorganism, resides, thrives and reproduces. A carrier is a person with in-apparent infection who are capable of transmitting the pathogen to others.
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The immune system not only fights pathogens; it also fights foreign cells, such as those introduced during tissue transplantation. this type of immune reaction is called?
The immune system not only fights pathogens; it also fights foreign cells, such as those introduced during tissue transplantation. this type of immune reaction is called Graft rejection or transplant rejection .
The immune system of the person who gets an organ after transplant surgery may alert them to the foreign nature of the organ. This occurs when the immune system of the patient notices that the antigens on the organ's cells are "mismatched."
Blood transfusion reactions or transplant rejection can be caused by mismatched or imperfectly matched organs. Doctors match the organ recipient and donor in order to lessen the likelihood of this reaction.
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The immune system not only fights pathogens; it also fights foreign cells, such as those introduced during tissue transplantation. This type of immune reaction is called Transplant or Graft rejection.
Rejection occurs when the recipient’s immune system recognizes the donor tissue as foreign or non-self, thereby, triggering an immune response. The major histocompatibility complex markers MHC I and MHC II which are more specifically known as Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs), play an important role in transplant rejection.
The immune response linked with a transplanted organ consists of both cellular (lymphocyte mediated) and humoral (antibody mediated) mechanisms. Although other cell types are also involved, the T cells are central in the rejection of grafts.
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Which is a function of the cell structure that is labeled x? it stores lipids. it helps in cell metabolism. it provides support. it transports proteins.
A function of the cell structure that it provides support to labeled x .
What is the function of cell?
They give the body structure, absorb nutrients from meals, turn those nutrients into energy, and perform certain tasks. Additionally, cells have the ability to replicate themselves and contain the body's genetic material. Each component of a cell has a different purpose.What is cell structure and function?
Cell architecture - Individual parts of the cell structure each have a specific purpose that is necessary to carry out life's processes. Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell organelles are some of these elements. Continue reading to learn more about the composition and operation of cells.3 Major Functions of a Cell -
Energy Generation.- Living cells exist in a perpetually active biological state. .Molecular Transport - Each cell is surrounded by a membrane that delineates its boundaries and acts as a gatekeeper, controlling the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. Reproduction.Learn more about cell structure
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Answer: B
Explanation:
It provides support.
