Location Validation is the major step in processing an emergency incident which involves ensuring the information received is adequate to dispatch units to the correct location.
The process of location validation uses geospatial information system.The emergency data is ingested by computer-aided dispatch systems, which then automatically generate a response case number and file. Dispatchers allocate the call for assistance as soon as the proper emergency response provider is determined (such as police, fire, or medical). A human dispatcher answers the phone and asks more questions before allocating the call. Geographic information system (GIS) technology is utilised to evaluate location data, identify the coordinates, and store and analyse spatially referenced intelligence throughout the call-taking, dispatching, responding, and transitional record-keeping processes. To effectively identify emergency calls, the majority of CAD solutions require a geographic database (addresses, street information, sites of interest, and/or parcel information). Through sophisticated analytics and data visualisation, GIS technology improves NG9-1-1 and CAD capabilities.
To know more about location validation using geospatial information system, visit
https://brainly.com/question/7334919?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ4
When discussing the dimensions of temperament, what is the term used to refer to the energy level or reaction of the child’s response?
When discussing the dimensions of temperament, the intensity of reaction is the term used to refer to the energy level or reaction of the child’s response.
Temperament is generally based on biology and refers to consistent individual behavioral differences that are relatively independent of learning, value systems, and attitudes.
Temperament (Temperament), in psychology, an aspect of personality related to emotional tendencies and reactions and their speed and intensity. The term is often used to refer to a person's dominant mood or mood pattern.
Temperament is defined as the building blocks of personality that we are born with. For example: B. Open-minded or shy. Children are born with unique ways of reacting and dealing with the world around them that they weren't born with or chose for themselves.
Learn more about temperament here:https://brainly.com/question/6683393
#SPJ4
Religious specialists who are usually responsible for the performance of prescribed, periodic rituals are:________
Religious specialists who are usually responsible for the performance of prescribed, periodic rituals are shamans.
Shamanism is a religious practice in which the practitioner interacts with what they believe to be the spiritual world through altered states of consciousness such as trance.
Shamans are the most notable of the many religious figures represented in traditional Aboriginal religions. They act as healers, prophets, diviners, and guardians of religious myths.
A shaman is therefore a special type of healer who uses another state of consciousness to enter the unseen world. The invisible world consists of all the invisible aspects of the world that affect us: spiritual, emotional, psychic, mythological, and archetypal. and dream world.
Learn more about shamans here:https://brainly.com/question/9640682
#SPJ4
Leadership skills that focus on your ability to work with, understand, and motivate those people around you are:________
Leadership skills that focus on your ability to work with, understand, and motivate those people around you are called human relations.
Leadership skills is a critical skill that can built career in the top position and also helping others grow in their life.
Leaderships skills include continuously improving oneself and learning more and more, one needs to be a critical thinker for solving problems, patiently listening to others and giving feedback, motivating and encouraging others.
Human relation is an important aspect of leadership skill. A leader must have the ability to develop a positive working environment, acknowledging and encouraging others to increase their productivity. This aspect is called human relation
To learn more about Leadership skills here
https://brainly.com/question/27797136
#SPJ4
If you have actually experienced something, your attitude toward it is __________ your behavior
If you have actually experienced something, your attitude toward it is more likely to affect your behavior.
Behavior can be defined as a computed response of an individual to a particular stimuli. It can be affected by the attitude either positively or negatively.
Positive attitude can influence the people around in a positive manner, increase productivity and can enhance the mood.
While negative attitude are likely to reduce the efficiency and effectiveness of the person and people around him.
Hence our attitude towards whatever we experience is likely to affect our behavior.
To learn more about behavior here
https://brainly.com/question/8871012
#SPJ4
Fifty-five percent of drivers ages 16-20 who were killed in a car crash were?
Answer: Not wearing a seatbelt
Identify how the conflict between islamic fundamentalists and islamic reformers manifested itself in the north africa, southwest asia, and turkestan realm in recent years.
The conflict between Islamic fundamentalists and Islamic reformers manifested itself in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Turkestan realm in recent years because reformers, restrict the influence of liberal, nonreligious teaching.
One of the principal cradles of human civilization is thought to be North Africa and Southwest Asia. Several of the major religions of the world have their hearths there as well.
These religions have altered the regional and global cultural environment, but they have also stoked conflict and friction.
Islam is currently the religion most associated with North Africa and Southwest Asia. Islam emphasizes the concept of a single God and regards Muhammad as the final prophet. Islamists are referred to be Muslims.
Islam draws heavily from Christian and Jewish ideology. Islam sees Moses, Abraham, Noah, and other figures as prophets of God, much like Judaism does. Islam holds a monotheistic view of God, just like Judaism.
Although reformers limit the dominance of liberal, nonreligious teaching, tensions between Islamic fundamentalists and reformers have recently emerged in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Turkestan.
To learn more about Judaism refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/1539521
#SPJ4
Select all the correct answers. the 1970s were marked by a great deal of turmoil in the middle east. which two statements correctly describe the effects that events in the middle east had on the carter administration and on the united states?
Two events that demonstrated the impact of the Middle East turmoil on the United States were:
The Iranian hostage crisis demonstrated to be a significant problem for President Carter in the 1980 presidential election.A drop in oil production following the Iranian Revolution generated a sharp growth in gasoline prices in the United States.What is Middle East and President Carter?On November 4, 1979, Iranian militants stormed the United States Embassy in Tehran and brought about seventy Americans captive. This terrorist action triggered the most profound problem of the Carter presidency and started a personal ordeal for Jimmy Carter and the American individuals that lasted 444 days.
President Carter existed criticized for failing to solve the Iranian Hostage crisis when he attempted to run for reelection in 1980. For this and other causes, he lost the race. The Iranian Revolution also decreased the supply of oil to the western world which led to a sharp rise in gasoline expenses in the United States. In conclusion, choices A and C exist correctly.
Two events that demonstrated the impact of the Middle East turmoil on the United States were:
The Iranian hostage crisis demonstrated to be a significant problem for President Carter in the 1980 presidential election.A drop in oil production following the Iranian Revolution generated a sharp growth in gasoline prices in the United States.Iranian Revolution, also named Islamic Revolution, Persian Enqelāb-e Eslāmī, popular revolt in Iran in 1978–79 that resulted in the toppling of the monarchy on February 11, 1979, and led to the structure of an Islamic republic.
The complete question is,
The 1970s were marked by a great deal of turmoil in the Middle East. Which two statements correctly describe the effects that events in the Middle East had on the Carter administration and on the United States?
The Iranian hostage crisis proved to be a major problem for President Carter in the 1980 presidential election.
An embargo on oil exports following the Iranian Revolution caused a sharp worldwide decrease in gasoline prices.
A drop in oil production following the Iranian Revolution caused a sharp increase in gasoline prices in the United States.
An escalation of tensions between Egypt and Israel was a defining event during the Carter administration.
To learn more about Middle East and President Carter refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/27139301
#SPJ4
Counseling groups are being offered in all kinds of settings today and for many different client groups. most are:_______
Counseling groups are being offered in all kinds of settings today and for many different client groups. most are: short-term groups designed for specific client populations rather than unstructured personal-growth groups.
Before any client is put in a gathering, preparation for specific gatherings should be surveyed. Culture and identity considerations likewise are of essential significance. This part clears up ways for work with the arrangement of individuals from minority societies and straightforwardness such clients into existing groups.
Situation ought to start with an exhaustive evaluation of the client's capacity to take part in the gathering and the client's requirements and wants in regards to treatment. What's more and other evaluation considerations, clients ought to be gotten some information about the creation of their interpersonal organizations, kinds of gatherings they have been in, their involvement with those gatherings, and the roles they normally have played in those gatherings.
Know more about Counseling groups here
https://brainly.com/question/9065741
#SPJ4
In reproductive cloning, when a clone grows from a single cell to a full organism, the development happens through ________
Answer:Mitosis
Explanation:
In reproductive cloning, when a clone grows from a single cell to a full organism, the development happens through Mitosis.
What is reproductive cloning?Reproductive cloning is the deliberate generation of genetically identical individuals. Each newly produced individual is a copy of the first. Monozygotic (identical) twins are considered to be biological clones.
Reproductive cloning creates an animal that is genetically identical to a donor animal utilizing somatic cell nuclear transfer. During reproductive cloning, the newly created embryo is brought back to the uterus so it can implant and grow. Dolly the sheep is possibly the most well-known instance.
A method of assisted reproduction called human reproductive cloning tries to create a child who is genetically similar to another human being.
Thus, it is Mitosis.
For more details about reproductive cloning, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/28136050
#SPJ2
What is a reason for the bystander effect where people assume others will help in a situation?.
First, there is a diffusion of responsibility when other people are present. People don't feel as pressured to perform when there are other spectators around. All people present are considered to share in the need to act.
What is bystander effect?The inability to aid someone in need when others are around is known as the "bystander effect." According to research, even in an emergency, a bystander is less likely to offer assistance when they are physically or mentally surrounded by people than when they are alone.What are the bystander intervention's five steps?Five fundamental stages are taught in Bystander Intervention:Note the occurrence.Consider the situation to be a challenge.Take personal accountability.being able to assist.Rise up!Learn more about bystander here :
https://brainly.com/question/14425894
#SPJ4
What is the process of maximizing the wealth of dynofibre’s shareholders by striking the optimal balance between risk and return?
the risk-return trade-off is the process of maximizing the wealth of dyno fiber’s shareholders by striking the optimal balance between risk and return
The risk-reward trade-off is the investment principle that the higher the risk, the higher the potential return. To calculate an appropriate risk-reward trade-off, an investor should consider many factors, including overall risk tolerance and the likelihood of recovering lost funds.
To determine the risk-reward trade-off of a particular mutual fund, an investor analyzes the alpha, beta, standard deviation, and sharp his ratio of an investment. Each of these indicators is typically provided by the mutual fund company that offers the investment.
The relationship between risk and return is a fundamental investment concept. This concept shows that an increased probability of return is strongly correlated with increased risk.
Learn more about the risk-return trade-off here
https://brainly.com/question/22281304
#SPJ4
The failure to identify individual landmarks while retaining the ability to identify the classes of objects to which the landmarks belong is an example of:________
The failure to identify individual landmarks while retaining the ability to identify the classes of objects to which the landmarks belong is an example of topographic agnosia.
Topographic agnosia, also called place blindness, is the inability of a person to visualize and remember his spatial location. A person with this condition is unable to identify individual landmarks even while understanding the classes of objects to which particular landmarks belong.
A person suffering from this condition is unable to navigate his topographical surroundings, such as in cities, and end up getting lost. It can also lead to frustrations and other mental health issues.
Causes include genetics, major injury to the head, or cognitive impairment.
To learn more about Agnosia: brainly.com/question/8907970
#SPJ4
What is quite possibly the most critical skill for a strategic leader to possess?
The Correct answer is Option D i.e The ability to attract and manage human capital.
Human capital consists of the knowledge, skills, and health that people invest in and accumulate throughout their lives, enabling them to realize their potential as productive members of society.
Why is it called human capital and why its important?In the 1960s, the term human capital was made popular by two American economists, Gary Becker and Jacob Mincer, who used it to describe the mixture of skills, knowledge, experience, habits and personality in each of us that can be put to productive use.Human capital is an asset consisting of the knowledge and skills held by a person that can be used by an organization to advance its goals. Human capital is important because some level of human knowledge and skills is necessary in order for an organization to accomplish anything.To learn more about Human Capital, click the links.
https://brainly.com/question/26339998
#SPJ4
Correct Question - What is quite possibly the most critical skill for a strategic leader to possess?
a. The ability to create a context in which stakeholders can perform efficiently
b. The ability to think innovatively
c. The ability to respond to changes in the external environment
d. The ability to attract and manage human capital
Because of cultural judgments, about half of americans with major depression ________
Because of cultural judgments, about half of Americans with major depression fail to receive help from a mental health professional.
Many people are unable to seek the help they need because of fear, cultural judgments, or embarrassment about treatment. They found that the stigma of depression remains one of the main reasons people forget to care. It includes a desire to handle problems on one's own and a disbelief that help is needed.
It may come as a surprise to those involved in healthcare. There is evidence that cultural judgments plays an important role in shaping the experience of people using mental health services. It has been argued that anxiety drives the modern mental health system.
Know more about cultural judgments here
https://brainly.com/question/26527658
#SPJ4
In the foiled and botched bay of pigs operation, kennedy attempted to overthrow the government of:_______
In the foiled and botched bay of pigs operation, Kennedy attempted to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro.
During the Kennedy administration, the CIA attempted to remove Fidel Castro, the leader of Cuba (1926–2016), from office through the Bay of Pigs Invasion, which took place in April 1961.
General Fulgencio Batista, the country's American-backed president, was deposed on January 1, 1959, when a young Cuban nationalist by the name of Fidel Castro led his guerilla force into Havana.
The American State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency tried to depose Castro over the following two years. Finally, on April 17, 1961, the CIA carried out what its officials believed to be the decisive attack a full-scale invasion of Cuba by 1,400 Cubans trained in America who had fled their homes when Castro assumed power.
The invasion did not succeed, though, as Castro's army outnumbered the invaders significantly.
To learn more about Fidel Castro refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/27854198
#SPJ4
Francisco is being recognized for his charitable work with the poor. francisco has reached what level of maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Francisco is being recognized for his charitable work with the poor. Francisco has reached self-actualization
This is further explained below.
What is self-actualization?Generally, Self-actualization is a concept in psychology that refers to when an individual is able to realize their full potential. Because the majority of people are focused on attaining goals that are seen to be more important, self-actualization is more often seen as an anomaly than the norm in today's society.
The term "self-actualization" is what Maslow is referring to when he says "actually yourself." This is the greatest level or stage in his model of human motivation, which is called the "Hierarchy of Needs." According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization reflects the highest-order motives, which push us to fulfill our true potential and reach our "ideal self." These are the goals that we set for ourselves when we pursue self-actualization.
In conclusion, Francisco is being honored for his philanthropic activities with those who are less fortunate. Self-actualization has been accomplished by Francisco.
Read more about self-actualization
https://brainly.com/question/5363358
#SPJ1
David is excitable, impulsive, and very active in addition having difficulty concentrating. he might have:________.
Answer: brain damage lol
Explanation:
The most important controversy dealt with by the government under the articles of confederation involved
The most important controversy dealt with by the government under the articles of confederation involved the disposition of western lands.
The Articles of Confederation created a national government composed of a Congress, which had the strength to declare battle, appoint army officers, signal treaties, make alliances, appoint overseas ambassadors, and manipulate relations with Indians.
The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union become a settlement of a number of the thirteen unique states of America of us that served as its first body of government. It became approved after a lot of debate by way of the second one Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, and despatched to the states for ratification.
The Articles of Confederation served because the first constitution, maintaining that the confederacy of the previous 13 colonies could be referred to as “us of us.” The Articles of Confederation consisted of 13 articles that gave powers to a countrywide government, which changed into led with the aid of Congress.
Learn more about the articles of confederation here: https://brainly.com/question/10100517
#SPJ4
Some might argue that emotional regulation is an unethical behavior. Why might someone take this position?
Emotional regulation is unequivocally moral if those who are currently struggling with emotional problems (such as depression, stress, mania, etc.) seek out emotional regulation.
What is emotional behaviour?Emotional labor is what happens when your job demands you to act in a way that is inconsistent with your actual emotions. No matter how angry they become, a customer service representative, for instance, cannot scream at a customer making unreasonable requests.
Some reason that makes emotional regulation as an unethical behavior are-
The morality of emotional labor is nuanced. There are also many physical and psychological repercussions for the worker. Long-term labor like this is linked to a number of unhealthy effects. The risks associated with physical work are the same since businesses urge workers to practically harm their bodies in order to achieve organizational objectives. The costs of emotional work are less visible but can be very high.On the other hand, the majority of people regularly regulate their emotions, which is important for system to survive. Society would collapse if we all simply went about constantly communicating to everybody around us every emotion we were feeling. Therefore, controlling emotions is not the issue; rather, the regularity, intensity, and duration can be.To know more about emotional re-sponse and related behavior, here
https://brainly.com/question/8112542
#SPJ4
When jesus gave the apostles the mission of evangelizing all nations, whom was he adressig?
Jesus was addressing the Apostles and their successors.
Who was Jesus?Jesus, also known as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Galilee, or Jesus of Nazareth, was a religious leader honored in Christianity, one of the world's major religions. He was born around 6-4 bce in Bethlehem and died around 30 ce in Jerusalem. Most Christians see him as the Incarnation of God.
In Hebrew, Jesus' name was "Yeshua," which translates to "Joshua" in English.
Jesus Christ, the Word made man, died on the cross for the salvation of sinners, was raised from the dead on the third day, and ascended to heaven. He is the only genuine God, the only Savior of people, the Creator of the heavens and the earth.
To learn more about Jesus from the given link :
https://brainly.com/question/510889
#SPJ4
Stripping away enemy support and freedom of action through information operations and lines of communications, is an action in the _____ phase
Stripping away enemy support and freedom of action through information operations and lines of communications, is an action in the deter phase.
The military operations of US forces proceed in several phases. In the deterrence phase, the focus is on stripping away enemy support and freedom of action through a two-pronged strategy.
The information operations involves the deployment of information-related capabilities to disrupt the information and decision flow of adversaries, while protection the US’ own capabilities.
Collecting tactical information and disseminating propaganda are some of the components. It also involves electronic warfare, cyber attacks and military deceptions.
This disrupts the lines of communications of the adversary, giving US forces competitive advantage over them. When efficiently executed, these operations can deter armed conflict.
To learn more about information operations: brainly.com/question/17280437
#SPJ4
Which type of sampling is the predominant method of selecting controls in traditional case-control studies?
Case base sampling is the predominant method of selecting controls in traditional case-control studies
Case-base sampling: At the start of the follow-up period of the cohort study that the case-control study was nested within, controls are chosen from the population at risk.
To see if a high-fat diet and colon cancer are related, for instance, researchers carried out a case-control study. In North Carolina, cases of colon cancer were all proven to have occurred in 2010. A group of North Carolina citizens without colon cancer served as the controls. There was a 4.0 odds ratio.
Case-control research is made to see if exposure is connected to a certain result. Case-based sampling has a straightforward theoretical explanation. Identify the controls and cases first.
To learn more about case base sampling please visit -
https://brainly.com/question/16995157
#SPJ4
Developing ____ involves combining various types of visitor data and then analyzing that data to discover how visitors act at a web site.
Developing Web analytics involves combining various types of visitor data and then analyzing that data to discover how visitors act at a website.
Web analytics is the procedure of studying the conduct of site visitors to an internet site. This entails tracking, reviewing, and reporting statistics to measure internet pastimes, such as the use of an internet site and its components, along with webpages, photos, and films.
Web analytics is the measurement, collection, evaluation, and reporting of net information to recognize and optimize internet usage. web analytics is not just a technique for measuring web traffic but may be used as a device for enterprise and marketplace research and to examine and enhance website effectiveness.
Internet site analytics offer insights and facts that may be used to create a better user enjoyment for internet site site visitors. knowledge of customer behavior is likewise key to optimizing a website for key conversion metrics.
Learn more about Web analytics here: https://brainly.com/question/14318561
#SPJ4
When a researcher analyzes data from a phenomenologic study, what is the final synthesis of participants’ reported experiences?
When a researcher analyzes data from a phenomenology study, Description of the lived experience is the final synthesis of participants’ reported experiences.
The discipline of phenomenology investigates the first-person structures of consciousness. The intentionality, or being oriented toward something, of an experience, which is why it is an experience of or about an object, forms its main structural component. By virtue of its meaning or content (which stands in for the object) and the necessary enabling circumstances, a lived experience is oriented toward an object.
Ontology, epistemology, logic, and ethics are some of the other major branches of philosophy that are separate from but connected to phenomenology as a field of study. Phenomenology has been practiced for millennia under numerous names.
To know more about phenomenology
brainly.com/question/26425486
#SPJ4
The brill building, which housed many music publishers, was located in what city?
The brill building, which housed many music publishers, was located in New York City.
The Brill Building, now an office building owned by Stonehenge Partners, is located at 1619 Broadway on 49th Street in New York, NY, in the heart of New York's music district. It is famous for housing the music industry offices and studios where some of America's most popular music was written. The Brill Building at 1619 Broadway in New York City was the epicenter of professionally written rock and roll. It re-emphasized the professional division of labor, with professional songwriters working closely with producers, artists and repertoire staff to match selected artists with the right songs. Experts in brill building often wrote with intelligence and wit, but rarely with substance.
Know more the brill building here
https://brainly.com/question/6601887
#SPJ4
What are the basic data visualization methods that you learned in this class?
Data visualization is described as a graphical illustration that carries the facts and the information. Through the usage of visible factors like charts, graphs, and maps, statistics visualization strategies offer a reachable manner to peer and understand trends, outliers, and patterns in statistics.
Data visualization is the graphical illustration of statistics and data. by means of the usage of visual elements like charts, graphs, and maps, statistics visualization equipment offers a reachable way to see and recognize trends, outliers, and styles in records.
In preferred, there are two exclusive styles of statistics visualization: exploration, which enables finding a tale the information is telling you, and an explanation, which tells a tale to a target market. Each type of information visualization have to take into account the target audience's expectations.
Learn more about Data visualization here: https://brainly.com/question/21513094
#SPJ4
What is the most commonly used and widely available of the psychology databases?
The most commonly used and widely available databases for Psychology are; PsycARTICLES and PsycINFO.
APA PsycTests is a studies database that provides get admission to to psychological checks, measures, scales, surveys and other checks as well as descriptive facts approximately the take a look at and its development and administration.
APA PsycArticles® is a strong database offering complete-text get right of entry to landmark journals in behavioral science and related fields starting from education, to nursing, to enterprise, and greater. This database provides complete coverage, research, and authoritative publications on a person-friendly platform.
PsycINFO® is one of the maximum regularly used online mental search services as it not handiest offers widespread get right of entry to to articles but additionally provides seek options and parameters that narrow consequences to those that are maximum applicable.
Learn more about psychology databases here
https://brainly.com/question/14906341
#SPJ4
The single layer of columnar epithelial cells lining the small intestine has a brush border of microvilli. how do you think microvilli increase absorption?
Microvilli are the tiny projections in the cell lining the villi. It increases the surface area of absorption thereby increasing absorption.
Microvilli on the surface of epithelial cells such as those lining the intestine increase the cell’s surface area and thus facilitate the absorption of ingested food and water molecules. Microvilli are also sometimes called the intestinal brush border.
The combination of circular folds, villi and microvilli helps absorption by increasing the surface area of the small intestine by 30 to 600 times.
Where the Brush border of small intestine cells is formed ?
The innermost layer lining the lumen of the alimentary canal is the mucosa. This layer forms irregular folds (rugae) in the stomach and small finger-like folding called villi in the small intestine.
The cells lining the villi produce numerous microscopic projections called microvilli giving a brush border appearance found on the apical surface of some epithelial cells. These modifications increase the surface area enormously and help in secretion and absorption.
Microvilli are covered in the plasma membrane, which encloses cytoplasm and microfilaments. Though these are cellular extensions, there are little or no cellular organelles present in the microvilli. Hence, the brush border of small intestine cells is formed of microvilli.
Learn more about Microvilli on:
brainly.com/question/12993303
#SPJ4
By overstating an inventory write-down, profits _____ in future periods as the inventory is sold.
By overstating an inventory write-down, profits are increased in future periods as the inventory is sold.
Inventory refers to all the items, goods, goods, and materials that a business holds for sale in the market to make a profit. Example: If a newsagent uses a vehicle to deliver newspapers to customers, only the newspapers are considered inventory. A car is treated as an asset.
The manufacturer has three types of inventory. There are raw materials (awaiting processing), work in process (processed), and finished goods (preparing for shipment).
Learn more about inventory here: https://brainly.com/question/24868116
#SPJ4
What arguments are used by alternative healers to support the efficacy of their treatment?
Arguments are used by alternative healers to support the efficacy of their treatment Their patients report high levels of satisfaction; A large percentage of patients see alternative healers on a continuing basis.
Treatment means the management and care of a patient to combat disease or disorder. Medical treatment includes All treatments not otherwise excluded. Use prescription medications or use a non-prescription drug at prescription strength. treatment refers to a process or procedure that leads to an improvement in health or recovery from injury.
The treatment plan might include:
Watch and wait.Chemotherapy or other drug therapies.Radiation therapy.Immunotherapy.Vaccine therapy.learn more about treatment here https://brainly.com/question/12646017
#SPJ4
